CN102911040B - 一种海洋真菌来源的二倍半萜类化合物及其制备方法和应用 - Google Patents
一种海洋真菌来源的二倍半萜类化合物及其制备方法和应用 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种海洋真菌来源的二倍半萜类化合物及其制备方法和应用。该二倍半萜类化合物的结构式如式(I)所示。该萜类化合物具有抑制酪氨酸磷酸酶(mPtpB)和乙酰胆碱酯酶(AchE)活性,可用于制备抗结核和抗老年痴呆药物。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及药物化合物领域,具体地说,涉及一种海洋真菌来源的二倍半萜类化合物及其制备方法和应用。
背景技术
海洋真菌来源广泛,药物筛选获得率高,与其它海洋生物相比,最大的优势就是对环境友好,具有可持续性发展特征在特殊环境之中,已发展出独特的代谢方式,能够产生结构新颖的,生理活性显著的各类次级代谢产物。真菌的代谢产物具有抗菌、抗肿瘤、免疫调节、酶抑制等多种其它药用价值。目前,从包括海洋真菌在内的海洋微生物中寻找新的药源已成为国际国内研究的热点。
结核病是由结核分枝杆菌(Mycobacterium tuberculosis)引起的严重危害人民身体健康的传染性疾病,来自WHO统计的统计称,地球上每三个人就有一个感染了结核分枝杆菌,每年约有880万新发病例,200万人因结核病而死亡。在中国,受结核分枝杆菌感染人数甚至超过5.5亿,是全世界上22个结核病高负担国之一,如果不加紧采取有效的控制措施,在未来10年,我国可能有近5000万的感染者发生结核病,因此,对结核病机理的研究和针对特异靶点进行的抗结核新药的研制,不仅仅是一个科学问题,还是关系人类身体健康和经济发展速度的重大社会问题。
由结核分枝杆菌分泌的酪氨酸磷酸酶(mPtpB)是结合分枝杆 菌的重要毒力因子,是造成肺结核的重要原因。酪氨酸磷酸酶被结核分枝杆菌分泌后进入巨噬细胞细胞质中,阻止宿主免疫系统的启动,调节杆菌在宿主中的存活。mPtpB是结核药物筛选新的靶点。抑制结核杆菌分泌的mPtpB,可以阻止结核杆菌对宿主免疫产生抑制作用,有助于宿主对结核杆菌产生免疫,从而达到治疗结核病的目的。
阿尔茨海默病(Alzheimer’s disease,AD),即老年性痴呆或早老性痴呆,是一种以进行性认知障碍和记忆力损害为主的中枢神经系统退行性疾病。该病的主要临床表现为记忆能力减退,持续性认知能力下降以及运动障碍、严重时会逐渐丧失独立生活能力等,并伴随有一系列精神病症状。目前,AD病已经成为除心脑血管疾病外第二大威胁中老年身体健康的疾病。乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制剂可以抑制乙酰胆碱酯酶(AChE)活性,延缓乙酰胆碱水解的速度,提高突触间隙乙酰胆碱的水平,保证神经信号的正常传导,从而发挥对老年痴呆症的治疗作用。随着我国人口结构逐步进入老龄化社会,老年痴呆症的发病率不断上升,开发新的有效的治疗药物,具有重大社会效应.
发明内容:
本发明的目的是提供一种具有新骨架构型的二倍半萜类化合物。
本发明的二倍半萜类化合物,其结构式如式(Ⅰ):
上述二倍半萜类化合物的分离方法,包括如下步骤:
(1)真菌Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C的种子培养(Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C的保藏单位为中国典型培养物保藏中心CCTCC,保藏号为CCTCC NO: M 2012358,保藏日期为2012年9月19日):保藏单位地址:中国武汉市武汉大学;
培养基组成按重量比为:葡萄糖0.3%,酵母提取物0.1%,蛋白胨0.1%~0.5%,琼脂1.5%~2.5%,氯化钠1.5%~4%,水93-98%;制成试管斜面,挑取菌株接入斜面,28~35℃培养4~10天;
(2)真菌Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C的发酵培养:利用固体大米发酵培养基:大米:海水=1:1~2;将种子中的菌株转接入发酵培养基中,于室温25~35℃静置1~2个月;
(3)将上述培养好菌体用甲醇提取多次,浓缩提取液,将获得的浓缩浸膏利用色谱层析进行分离;收集10%-50%乙酸乙酯/石油醚洗脱液,再以硅胶、凝胶、C-18反相等柱层析分离技术,重结晶进一步纯化,即得到无色结晶物。
本发明是从一株海洋真菌中分离到的二倍半萜新骨架化合物,该新化合物的应用之一:具有抑制结核分枝杆菌酪氨酸磷酸酶 (mPtpB)活性,可用于制备抗结核药物;应用之二具有乙酰胆碱酯酶的抑制作用,可用于制备治疗老年痴呆症的药物;在制备抗结核和抗老年痴呆药物中具有远大的市场前景。
具体实施方式:
以下实施例将有助于本领域的普通技术人员进一步理解发明,而不以任何形式限制本发明。
实施例1
本发明的化合物,可以从海洋真菌曲霉真菌Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C的发酵液中分离得到。海洋真菌曲霉真菌Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C是从广东湛江海域红树植物Sonneratia apetala的叶中分离得到。具体步骤如下:
(1)真菌Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C的种子培养:
培养基组成按重量比为:葡萄糖0.3%,酵母提取物0.1%,蛋白胨0.5%,琼脂2.5%,氯化钠3%,水98%;
制成试管斜面,挑取菌株接入斜面,30℃培养6天;(2)真菌Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C的发酵培养:
利用固体大米发酵培养基:大米:海水=1:2;
将种子中的菌株转接入发酵培养基中,于室温35℃静置2个月;
(3)将上述培养好菌体甲醇提取多次,浓缩提取液,将获得的浓缩浸膏利用色谱层析进行分离;收集10%-50%乙酸乙酯/石油醚洗脱液,再以硅胶、凝胶、C-18反相等柱层析分离技术,重结晶进一步纯化,即得到无色结晶物。
实施例2
对化合物1进行结构测试解析,得到以下试验数据:
化合物1:C25H38O3,熔点220-222°C(温度计未校正)HRESI-MS:386.2815[M]+(计算值386.2821),mp 220–222℃.化合物的NMR数据见表1。
表1.化合物1的NMR数据(CDCl3,125MHz/400MHz,ppm)
实施例3化合物1结核分枝杆菌酪氨酸磷酸酶(mPtpB)抑制试验
一.材料
酪氨酸磷酸酶试剂盒(RediPlate.96 Tyuosine Phosphatase Assay Kit,Molecular Probes,Inc),购自Invitrogen公司,该试剂盒以二氟甲基香豆素的磷酸盐为底物;配制浓度为0.25μg/mL酶液。
二.试验方法
(一)mPtpB酶活性检测
1.RediPlate TM96孔微孔板制备
从低温冰箱取出试剂盒,在96孔板温度达到室温之前,不要揭开其铝箔,小瓶缓冲液可以置于温水中解冻。
2.标准荧光曲线测定
标准曲线可以用来将荧光单位转换成纳摩尔的磷酸盐。1M的DiFMU标准参照相当于1M的磷酸底物(DiFMUP)裂解。此外,该标准曲线还可以用作不同仪器之间,不同日期之前的实验误差。
(1)准备标准荧光
分别向荧光标准孔内加入100μL Reaction buffer,并轻轻吹打混匀。该标准孔包含一系列发光底物DiFMU,其含量如表2所示:
表2、标准荧光曲线底物配制表
(2)荧光测量
将含有配制好的标准荧光孔的96孔板放入多功能酶标仪中,设定激发光和吸收光参数分别为358nm和452nm(激发光=355±20nm,吸收光=460±12.5nm)。
3.mPtpB酶活测试
(1)向酶活孔加入80μL Reaction buffer。注意:在加入Reaction buffer之前要确保孔板底部的酶底物要完全溶解,为了尽量减少背景的影响,要最大限度地精确各孔加入的Reaction buffer量。
(2)准备无酪氨酸磷酸酶的空白对照。向空白对照孔加入20μLReaction buffer。
(3)稀释待测酪氨酸磷酸酶的样品。用准备好的Reaction buffer稀释待测样品,每个反应孔所需稀释好的待测样体积是20μL。
(4)加样反应。向待测孔加入20μL待测样,混合均匀,酶反应立即开始。由于该酶反应是一个连续的过程,可选择实时监测或在最适温度下孵育后监测。为避免加样时间差及移液枪吸取误差,建议使用排枪加样。
(5)测量荧光。测量方法如前所述。
(二)化合物1对结核分枝杆菌酪氨酸磷酸酶(mPtpB)抑制试验
1.对初始配置化合物1用Reaction buffer进行稀释。
2.配制化合物1与酶的混合液。为避免加样顺序造成的实验误差,事先配化合物1与酶的混合液,按照实验要求确定化合物1与酶的浓度。经过调试验证,本实验使用浓度比为100:1,即:每100μL体系,化合物1的终浓度均为25μg/mL,酶的终浓度为0.25μg/mL。
3.设置对照组,包括空白对照、阴性对照和阳性对照,进行三次平行实验验证抑制活性。具体体系如表3:
表3、以mPtpB为靶点筛选抑制剂酶活体系
三.试验结果
结果测得化合物1对结核分枝杆菌酪氨酸磷酸酶具有抑制作用,其IC50为2.1μM。
实施例4化合物1乙酰胆碱酯酶抑制实验
1材料
底物:3mg/ml的硫代乙酰胆碱碘盐(ATOH);
显色剂:4mg/ml的5,5’-二硫双(2-硝基苯甲酸)(DTNB);
缓冲液:0.01M磷酸氢二钾-磷酸二氢钾缓冲液(pH=7.0);
酶:配制2u/ml酶液
2试验方法
用紫外-可见分光光度计在412nm波长处测量样品吸光度的变化而计算酶的活性。样品配成20μmol/mL的DMSO溶液,1mL初始反应体系内含0.02unit酶,10μL底物,10μL显色剂,10μL DMSO。取适量酶,加入空白DMSO溶液或样品的DMSO溶液以及显色剂10μL,涡旋混匀,静置20分钟,加入底物,混匀,立即在412nm波长处检测其吸光度。计算酶活性:抑制率(%)=[(A0–A)/A0]×100%,其中A0为加空白DMSO时的吸光度变化值,A为样品的吸光度变化值。测定6个浓度的样品,以抑制率对药物浓度的对数作图,求得IC50值。样品重复测定三次,结果用平均值±标准偏差表示。
3试验结果
结果测得化合物1对乙酰胆碱酯酶具有抑制作用,其IC50为0.5±0.1μM。
Claims (4)
2.权利要求1所述二倍半萜类化合物的制备方法,其特征在于包括如下步骤:
(1)真菌Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C的种子培养:
培养基组成按重量比为:葡萄糖0.3%,酵母提取物0.1%,蛋白胨0.1%~0.5%,琼脂1.5%~2.5%,氯化钠1.5%~4%,水93-98%,各组分之和为100%;制成试管斜面,挑取菌株接入斜面,28~35℃培养4~10天;
(2)真菌Aspergillus sp.HNY16-5C的发酵培养:利用固体大米发酵培养基:大米:海水=1:1~2;将种子中的菌株转接入发酵培养基中,于室温25~35℃静置1~2个月;
(3)将上述培养好菌体用甲醇提取多次,浓缩提取液,将获得的浓缩浸膏利用色谱层析进行分离;收集10%-50%乙酸乙酯/石油醚洗脱液,再以硅胶、凝胶、C-18反相柱层析分离技术,重结晶进一步纯化,即得到无色结晶物。
3.权利要求1所述二倍半萜类化合物在制备抗结核药物中的应用。
4.权利要求1所述二倍半萜类化合物在制备治疗老年痴呆症药物中的应用。
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