CN102894219A - Reconstitutable microecological gel for sea cucumber and abalone culture and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Reconstitutable microecological gel for sea cucumber and abalone culture and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102894219A CN102894219A CN2012103661416A CN201210366141A CN102894219A CN 102894219 A CN102894219 A CN 102894219A CN 2012103661416 A CN2012103661416 A CN 2012103661416A CN 201210366141 A CN201210366141 A CN 201210366141A CN 102894219 A CN102894219 A CN 102894219A
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- sea cucumber
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Abstract
The invention provides reconstitutable microecological gel for sea cucumber and abalone culture and a preparation method thereof and relates to sea cucumber and abalone breeding feed. The gel comprises, by mass ratio, kelp: nutritional agent: gel fixing agent: moisture=1:0-1: 0.016-0.15:0.2-3. The content of beneficial microorganisms is 1*104-1*1010 per gram. During preparation, the kelp is smashed, water and the nutritional agent are added and mixed evenly, the gel fixing agent is added, the mixture is mixed evenly and boiled, beneficial microbial suspension is added and mixed evenly after the temperature drops to below 50 DEG C, and the mixture is pour into a container to be cooled, solidified and dried so as to obtain the reconstitutable microecological gel for the sea cucumber and abalone culture. The reconstitutable microecological gel is formed by fixing various ingredients through algal polysaccharides, and the gel can be ingested by sea cucumbers or abalones after reconstitution and is used for embedding materials good for growth of the sea cucumbers and the abalones such as probiotics and the nutritional agent. The gel can be used effectively because the gel is prevented from being diluted by seawater.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to sea cucumber abalone culture feed, specifically beneficial microbe and the immobilized cell technique application in sea cucumber abalone culture field.
Background technology
Abalone is a kind of original seashells, and the monoshell mollusk only has the demifacet shell, and the shell heavily fortified point is thick, flat and wide.Abalone is the traditional famous and precious food materials of China, first of the four large seafood delights.China produces at Bohai Sea bay is haliotis discus hannai Ino, and individuality is larger, the southeastern coast product cry Haliotis diversicolor, individuality is less; Half line Bao, the sheep Bao that produce in the Xisha Islands are famous edible Baos.Because natural output seldom, therefore expensive.Now, the country that produces in the world Bao all propagates artificially in development, and China cultivates the Haliotis diversicolor seedling at 20 century 70s, propagates artificially to succeed.Sea cucumber is not only precious food, also is famous and precious medicinal material.According to putting down in writing in the supplementary Amplifications of the Compendium of Materia Medica: sea cucumber, sweet-salty, kidney tonifying, beneficial marrow is taken the photograph urine, and impotence is treated in establishing-Yang, its benefit warm in nature, sufficient enemy's ginseng, therefore named sea cucumber.Modern study shows, sea cucumber has the memory of raising, delays the sexual gland aging, prevents artery sclerosis, diabetes and the effect such as antitumor.At present, also there are a lot of problems in the sea cucumber abalone culture, lack such as death of seedling, poor growth, high nutrient fodder.For disease prevention, in water, add in a large number antibiotic; Be growth promotion, in feed, add hormone.
Along with developing rapidly of aquaculture, the scale expanding day of batch production high-density breeding, cultivation density is excessive, and breed variety is single, the breeding ecological environment disruption; The discharging of breeding wastewater, trade effluent and sanitary sewage of being untreated makes coastal seawater be subject to severe contamination, causes the destruction of breeding ecological system, thereby causes various diseases.In order to prevent the generation of sea cucumber disease, certain positive role has been played in the application of antibiotic and chemicals.But long-term use also brings series of side effects, and many harmful microorganisms develop immunity to drugs to pathogen by the Gene regulation of sudden change and plasmid, cause the increase of antibiotic dosage, cause autogenous infection and suprainfection.Simultaneously, destroy and disturbed normal intestinal flora and cultivation micro-ecological environment, make sea cucumber produce immunosuppressive action.Therefore, the holothruian cultures industry must be walked health, the ecologic breeding road of sustainable development, makes the sea cucumber abalone of cultivation become pollution-free food.
In recent years, people begin to attempt improving the breeding ecological environment with the microbiology class preparation in breeding process, improve the immunity of sea cucumber, to reduce the generation of disease.Probiotics because of environmental protection, have no side effect, noresidue is polluted, do not produce resistance, memoryless property, sphere of action are wide etc., and advantage becomes the most potential substitute of antibiotic.Probiotics can be kept host's microecological balance by the barrier action of reinforcement intestinal microflora or by promoting non-specific immune function, improves its general level of the health, and our usually said probio namely is the probiotics of narrow sense.The mechanism of action of probio in sea cucumber mainly suppresses, adjusts microecological balance, improves immunity function, improves the state that bodies are adjusted in the aspect such as water quality by metabolin from competitiveness.
In recent years, the cultivation of sea cucumber artificial abalone develops rapidly, its mainly cultivation form has industrial aquaculture, raft culture, seabed bottom sowing culture and intertidal zone cage culture (referring to document: Li Shengkuan etc. the intertidal zone is enclosed pool net cage Bao ginseng and is raised together with technology, aquaculture, 2001,3:15-17), because the dilution effect of seawater, microorganism formulation and nourishing additive agent poor stability, very low by the efficient in the sea cucumber abalone intake, most dissolvings are scattered and disappeared in seawater or are sunk to bed mud, can not effectively utilize, cause on the contrary the environment eutrophication, polluted water, so initiation aquatic products disease (referring to document: Ni Weifeng etc. the shallow puffing aquatic product feed of stating, science is breeded fish, 2012,4:71-73).
Summary of the invention
But the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of little ecological gel of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture and preparation method thereof.This gel can be ingested by fricassee abalone and sea cucumber, can be used for beneficial microbe or nutraceutical interpolation.Because probio and nutrients by gel embedding, discharge slowly in environment water, are not easy to cause body eutrophication, improve simultaneously nutrients and the probio of abalone or sea cucumber and take in efficient, promote the healthy growth of fricassee abalone and sea cucumber.This gel can be dried or the additive method drying, and the softening bait throwing in that gets final product is soaked in water before feeding.
But the little ecological gel of described a kind of rehydration for sea cucumber abalone culture raw material in mass ratio consists of:
Sea-tangle (wetting): nutritional agents: gel fixative: moisture=1: (0～1): (0.016～0.15): (0.2～3), beneficial microbe content 1 * 10
4～1 * 10
10Individual/g.
Described nutritional agents can be selected from least a in fish meal, shrimp med, vitamin, amino acid, the mineral salt etc.
Described gel fixative can be selected from the marine alga that heating and melting forms gel easily, described marine alga can be selected from least a in asparagus, agar, Irish moss, the river hedge etc., or the polysaccharide of at least a generation in asparagus, agar, Irish moss, river hedge etc., described polysaccharide can be selected from least a in agar, carragheen, the algin etc.
Described beneficial microbe can be selected from bacillus, lactic acid bacteria or other are of value to the microorganism of fricassee abalone and sea cucumber growth.
But the preparation method of described a kind of little ecological gel of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture is as follows:
After the sea-tangle pulverizing, add entry and nutritional agents, mixing, add again the gel fixative, boil behind the mixing, after temperature is down to below 50 ℃, add beneficial microbe suspension mixing, pour in the container after the cooled and solidified dry, but namely get for the little ecological gel of the rehydration of sea cucumber abalone culture.
The method of described drying can select that heat is done according to the bacterial classification difference, low temperature drying, natural air drying or dry etc.
But the little ecological gel of described rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture by algal polysaccharides fixedly Multiple components form, can be ingested by sea cucumber or abalone after the rehydration, be used for the material that embedding probio and nutritional agents etc. are conducive to the growth of sea cucumber abalone, prevent from being diluted by seawater and can not effectively utilizing.
But the mode of throwing something and feeding of the dry little ecological gel of rehydration that is used for the sea cucumber abalone culture is as follows:
(1) throws something and feeds and be soaked in the water before the sea cucumber, can throw something and feed after softening sea cucumber or abalone;
(2) xerogel is is directly thrown something and fed to the cultivation cage.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
The preparation of gel dry plate:
Sea-tangle is pulverized, add Mare Humorum band pulping 1.0kg, water 0.2L, agar powder 16g, mixing boils.After making again the said mixture temperature be down to below 50 ℃, add the bacillus subtilis bacteria suspension of bacteria suspension 0.13ml(1.0 hundred million gemma/ml) mixing, pour into solidify in flakes in the container after, viable bacteria concentration about 1 * 10
4Individual/the g(weight in wet base); 60 ℃ of oven dry, viable bacteria concentration 〉=1 * 10
4Individual/the g(dry weight).
Embodiment 2
The preparation of gel dry plate:
Bright sea-tangle 1.0kg is pulverized, add fish meal 1kg, add the dried asparagus 150g after pulverizing, water 3.0L is cooled to after mixing boils below 50 ℃, adds the bacillus subtilis dry powder 5.0g mixing of 1 * 109/g, pour the sheet that is frozen into thickness 5mm in the container into, viable bacteria concentration about 1 * 10
6Individual/the g(weight in wet base); Dry viable bacteria concentration 〉=1 * 10 outdoor sunshine
6Individual/the g(dry weight).
Embodiment 3
The preparation of gel dry plate:
Bright sea-tangle 1.0kg is pulverized, fish meal 0.25kg, carragheen 0.05kg, water 1.0L stirs and evenly mixs and is cooled to below 50 ℃ after boiling, and adds 1 * 10
11The bacillus subtilis dry powder 230g of individual/g, mixing is poured the gel film that is frozen into thickness 5mm in the container into, viable bacteria concentration about 1 * 10
10Individual/the g(weight in wet base); Put into 60 ℃ of oven dry of baking oven, viable bacteria concentration 〉=1 * 10
10Individual/the g(dry weight).Gel Major Nutrient composition (percentage by weight) after the oven dry: crude protein content 25.6%, fat 3.0%, fiber 2.2%, carbohydrate 19.9%.
Embodiment 4
The preparation of gel dry plate:
Bright sea-tangle 1.0kg is pulverized, fish meal 0.5kg, carragheen 75.0g, water 1.5L stirs and evenly mixs and is cooled to below 50 ℃ after boiling, and adds 1 * 10
10The bacillus subtilis dry powder 31g of individual/g, mixing is poured the gel film that is frozen into thickness 5mm in the container into, viable bacteria concentration about 1 * 10
8Individual/the g(weight in wet base); Put into 60 ℃ of oven dry of baking oven, viable bacteria concentration 〉=1 * 10
8Individual/the g(dry weight).
Embodiment 5
The preparation of gel dry plate:
Bright sea-tangle 1.0kg is pulverized, fish meal 0.75kg, agar 100g, water 2.2L stirs and evenly mixs and is cooled to below 50 ℃ after boiling, and adds 1 * 10
11The bacillus subtilis dry powder 40g of individual/g, mixing is poured the gel film that is frozen into thickness 5mm in the container into, viable bacteria concentration about 1 * 10
9Individual/the g(weight in wet base); Put into 60 ℃ of oven dry of baking oven, viable bacteria concentration 〉=1 * 10
9Individual/the g(dry weight).
Embodiment 6
Feeding method and the effect of ingesting:
The gel film of drying is soaked in the seawater, 20 ℃ of temperature, gel is softening behind the 3h expands, and puts into sea cucumber or abalone cage, and feeding was 1 time in 3 days.The edge of gel and surface all can be engulfed, so the gel attenuation diminishes.Gel is fed behind the abalone 24h, and grazing rate is greater than the 55.84%(weight/front weight of throwing something and feeding of having ingested), gel is fed behind the abalone 48h, and grazing rate is greater than 79.8%.
Claims (8)
1. but little ecological gel of rehydration that is used for the sea cucumber abalone culture is characterized in that raw material in mass ratio consists of:
Sea-tangle: nutritional agents: gel fixative: moisture=1: (0～1): (0.016～0.15): (0.2～3), beneficial microbe content 1 * 10
4～1 * 10
10Individual/g.
2. but the little ecological gel of a kind of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described nutritional agents is selected from least a in fish meal, shrimp med, vitamin, amino acid, the mineral salt.
3. but the little ecological gel of a kind of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described gel fixative is selected from the marine alga that heating and melting forms gel easily.
4. but the little ecological gel of a kind of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that described marine alga is selected from least a in asparagus, agar, Irish moss, the river hedge, or the polysaccharide of at least a generation in the asparagus, agar, Irish moss, river hedge.
5. but the little ecological gel of a kind of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that described polysaccharide is selected from least a in agar, carragheen, the algin.
6. but the little ecological gel of a kind of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that described beneficial microbe is selected from bacillus, lactic acid bacteria or other are of value to the microorganism of fricassee abalone and sea cucumber growth.
7. but the preparation method of a kind of little ecological gel of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that concrete steps are as follows:
After the sea-tangle pulverizing, add entry and nutritional agents, mixing, add again the gel fixative, boil behind the mixing, after temperature is down to below 50 ℃, add beneficial microbe suspension mixing, pour in the container after the cooled and solidified dry, but namely get for the little ecological gel of the rehydration of sea cucumber abalone culture.
8. but the preparation method of a kind of little ecological gel of rehydration for the sea cucumber abalone culture as claimed in claim 7, the method that it is characterized in that described drying adopt, and heat is done, low temperature drying, natural air drying or dry.
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| CN2012103661416A CN102894219A (en) | 2012-09-26 | 2012-09-26 | Reconstitutable microecological gel for sea cucumber and abalone culture and preparation method thereof |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103073113A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-01 | 北海市翰华生物技术有限公司 | Microorganism restoration method for water body habitat |
| CN103355238A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-23 | 宁波大学 | Method and device for co-cultivating gulfweed and sea cucumber |
| CN104472960A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏省海洋资源开发研究院(连云港) | Anti-stress bait for polyculture of haliotis diversicolor aquatilis and stichopus japonicus |
| CN104757334A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-08 | 泉州市泉港科山海藻有限公司 | Algin for fodder |
| CN105076735A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-25 | 林紫莹 | Sea cucumber bait and preparation method thereof |
| CN106036257A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-10-26 | 莆田市海发水产开发有限公司 | Formula feed for abalone culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN106063523A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-11-02 | 上海绿奥生物科技有限公司 | Promote NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE probiotic bacteria polysaccharide gum and the application thereof of Penaeus vannamei growth |
| CN107136322A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-08 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Special-purpose protecting agent and its application are sprayed after a kind of aquatic feeds |
| CN107136352A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-08 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Spraying vitamin premix and its application in aquatic feeds after a kind of |
| CN107259109A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Spraying polypeptide element and its application in aquatic feeds after a kind of |
| CN107279469A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-24 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | A kind of complex microorganism preparations and its after aquatic feeds spray in apply |
| JP2021052640A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-08 | 学校法人東海大学 | Breeding method of fish and shellfish, probiotic bacterial fluid, and probiotic bacteria-containing feed |
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Cited By (17)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103073113A (en) * | 2013-01-31 | 2013-05-01 | 北海市翰华生物技术有限公司 | Microorganism restoration method for water body habitat |
| CN103355238A (en) * | 2013-07-31 | 2013-10-23 | 宁波大学 | Method and device for co-cultivating gulfweed and sea cucumber |
| CN105076735A (en) * | 2014-05-13 | 2015-11-25 | 林紫莹 | Sea cucumber bait and preparation method thereof |
| CN104472960A (en) * | 2015-01-06 | 2015-04-01 | 江苏省海洋资源开发研究院(连云港) | Anti-stress bait for polyculture of haliotis diversicolor aquatilis and stichopus japonicus |
| CN106063523A (en) * | 2015-04-20 | 2016-11-02 | 上海绿奥生物科技有限公司 | Promote NEW TYPE OF COMPOSITE probiotic bacteria polysaccharide gum and the application thereof of Penaeus vannamei growth |
| CN104757334A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2015-07-08 | 泉州市泉港科山海藻有限公司 | Algin for fodder |
| CN106036257A (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2016-10-26 | 莆田市海发水产开发有限公司 | Formula feed for abalone culture and preparation method thereof |
| CN106036257B (en) * | 2016-08-12 | 2020-05-08 | 莆田市海发水产开发有限公司 | Abalone culture formula feed and preparation method thereof |
| CN107136352A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-08 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Spraying vitamin premix and its application in aquatic feeds after a kind of |
| CN107259109A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-20 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Spraying polypeptide element and its application in aquatic feeds after a kind of |
| CN107279469A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-10-24 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | A kind of complex microorganism preparations and its after aquatic feeds spray in apply |
| CN107136352B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-06-29 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Spraying vitamin premix and its application in aquatic feeds after a kind of |
| CN107136322B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2018-06-29 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Special-purpose protecting agent and its application are sprayed after a kind of aquatic feeds |
| CN107136322A (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2017-09-08 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Special-purpose protecting agent and its application are sprayed after a kind of aquatic feeds |
| CN107279469B (en) * | 2017-07-03 | 2021-05-28 | 青岛玛斯特生物技术有限公司 | Compound microbial preparation and application thereof in post-spraying of aquatic feed |
| JP2021052640A (en) * | 2019-09-27 | 2021-04-08 | 学校法人東海大学 | Breeding method of fish and shellfish, probiotic bacterial fluid, and probiotic bacteria-containing feed |
| JP7377478B2 (en) | 2019-09-27 | 2023-11-10 | 学校法人東海大学 | Seafood farming method, probiotic bacteria solution, and probiotic bacteria-containing feed |
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Application publication date: 20130130 |