CN102823479A - Organic soilless vegetable culture substrate - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an organic soilless vegetable culture substrate. Under the soilless condition, vegetables are difficult to plant. The organic soilless vegetable culture substrate is characterized in that cassava bark, poultry manure and peanut bran are utilized to be simultaneously fermented with fermentation bacterium liquid, and the organic soilless vegetable culture substrate is prepared. The raw materials adopted by the organic soilless vegetable culture substrate are respectively organic matter raw materials, the reasonable and scientific mixture ratio is adopted, the vegetable planting requirement is properly met, particularly, the waste and abandoned cassava bark after the cassava deep processing is used as raw materials, nitrogen and calcium obtained through conversion after the cassava fermentation are utilized, the technical problem of soilless culture is solved, and the vegetable planting can be conveniently carried out by utilizing the organic soilless vegetable culture substrate in places without planting conditions. The organic soilless vegetable culture substrate overcomes the defects of the soilless vegetable planting in the prior art, the energy saving and the environment protection are favorably realized, the pest and disease occurrence quantity of the vegetable planting is low, the pesticide consumption is reduced, and no chemical fertilizer is used, so the product quality and yield requirement of green vegetable products can be ensured.

Description

A kind of organic nothing soil vegetable growing matrix

Technical field

What the present invention relates to is a kind of organic nothing soil vegetable growing matrix, belongs to the agriculture cultivation technology field.

Background technology

As everyone knows, vegetable growing needs the rich soil, in the place that lacks the soil like desert, mountain area, is difficult to planting vegetable, in family's garden, because land resources is rare, also is difficult to planting vegetable.This just need provide a kind of matrix, and making does not have the place of planting conditions can planting vegetable yet.And soilless culture substrate exactly can address this problem, and makes the place of no planting conditions also can satisfy the needs of growing vegetables.In this respect, people have done a lot of researchs, number are the Chinese invention patents of CN100998306B like Granted publication, disclose a kind of soilless culture substrate and preparation method thereof.Bagasse, coconut palm slag, straw and walnut shell are mixed with perlite, diatomite, after pulverizing, ferment, sterilizing, process required matrix.Add adhesive, blowing agent and vulcanizing agent on this basis again, through further processing, this matrix also can be made into the preformed matrix of arbitrary shape.Publication number is the Chinese invention patent application of CN101473781A, discloses a kind of ecological organic substrate for soilless culture, comprises pig manure, humus soil and perlite.Above-mentioned disclosed document; All solved the problem of soilless culture substrate to a certain extent; Have certain progressive meaning, but also exist the problem that does not have real the solution " not have soil " simultaneously, the general character of these matrix needs perlite, diatomite exactly as carrier.Perlite is a kind of mineral matter, and tool is acid, and it is because the loose structure of self more is to use as the industrial heat preservation material.Diatomite is a kind of biogenic silicastone, mainly by ancient times the diatom remains form, its chemical analysis mainly is SiO2, tool porous matter structure, porosity reaches 90-92%, water imbibition is strong, its application more is to be embodied in industrial building material aspect.The application of these materials on soilless culture substrate; More effect is to be embodied in as carrying on the medium or carrier of other nutriment; Self does not make bigger contribution to plant cultivation, and on another layer meaning, their existence just " soil " exists.Because the employing of these raw materials, make cost up, this is the defective that can not ignore in process of production.Therefore, seek and a kind ofly to be more suitable for that vegetables produce, vegetable soilless culture matrix that have environment protection significance, that cost is lower and to be very important.

Summary of the invention

The object of the invention just provides a kind of organic nothing soil vegetable growing matrix, and it is high to overcome the existing cost of existing soilless culture substrate, weak effect, and nutrition is not comprehensive, the deficiency of contaminated environment.

For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the present invention has taked following technical measures, and a kind of organic nothing soil vegetable growing matrix is prepared by following method:

(1) base starting material is handled: get the fresh cassava skin, using the w/w percentage concentration after water fully drenches again is 0.3% limewash, regulates cassava skin pH value between 5.5-6.5, and being exposed to the sun with the book film covering high-temperature, to obtain base starting material in 6-10 days subsequent use;

(2) the matrix poultry-dung is handled: dry poultry-dung and the peanut press pulp of getting water content 15-30% are with 100: the weight ratio of 0.3-1 mixes that to obtain the matrix poultry-dung subsequent use;

(3) microbial fermentation bacterial classification preparation: be dissolved in the concentration ratio preparation syrup in the 3-5 kg of water with per kilogram sugar; By fermented bacterium and syrup is 3-5: the weight ratio of 10-15 is Beijing Borrow's biofermentation bacterial classification of 10-20 hundred million/gram with the syrup lytic activity, and it is subsequent use to obtain fermented bacterium liquid;

(4) substrate fermentation: get base starting material and matrix poultry-dung with the amount of weight ratio 10: 0.8-1.5, mix, spray fermented bacterium liquid; Consumption is an every cubic metre of base starting material and matrix poultry-dung spray fermented bacterium liquid 10-15 kilogram, and to regulate humidity be 70-80%, plastic covering book film; Fermented 36-48 hour; Make temperature be no more than 80 ℃ during the fermentation, want timely turning cooling when surpassing, it is subsequent use to obtain fermentation substrate;

(5) fermentation substrate slaking: get fermentation substrate and made the matrix slaking with book film covering back stack retting 2-4 month, the diffusing temperature of turning makes temperature reach normal temperature then, and drying makes water content reach 15-30%, is packaged to be organic nothing soil vegetable growing matrix.

Said poultry-dung refers to a kind of or any proportioning of chicken manure, duck excrement, goose excrement, quail excrement.

Take the present invention of above-mentioned measure, raw materials used organic raw material, the reasonably scientific matching of being; The planting requirement that is fit to very much vegetables; Especially adopt the cassava skin of discarding after the cassava deep processing as raw material, utilized the nitrogen, the calcium that are transformed after the cassava fermentation, solved the technical barrier of soilless culture; The place of feasible no planting conditions also can easily utilize the present invention to carry out growing vegetables.The present invention has overcome the technical deficiency part of current hydroponics vegetables, helps energy-conservation, protection environment, growing vegetables damage by disease and insect generating capacity is few, reduce agricultural chemicals use, because do not use chemical fertilizer, thereby guarantee green vegetables product quality and output requirement.Compound method of the present invention is simple, understandable, easy to operate.Carry out small-scale with the present invention and plant Chinese cabbage, cowpea and pumpkin make an experiment, and with common traditional planting patterns relatively, all technical measures are identical, the vegetables that the result is to use the present invention to cultivate, damage by disease and insect reduces, well developed root system, quality of vegetable are good.

Embodiment

Embodiment 1

(1) base starting material is handled: get 1000 kilograms of fresh cassava skins, after water fully drenched, using the w/w percentage concentration again was that 0.3% limewash is regulated cassava skin pH 6.5, tanned by the sun with the book film covering high-temperature that to obtain base starting material in 6-10 days subsequent use;

(2) the matrix poultry-dung is handled: 100 kilograms of dry chicken manures getting water content 15-30% and 1 kilogram of peanut press pulp mix that to obtain the matrix poultry-dung subsequent use;

(3) microbial fermentation bacterial classification preparation: get 5 kilograms of brown sugar and be dissolved in 15 kg of water, obtain brown sugar solution, adding 3 kilograms of activity again is Beijing Borrow's biofermentation bacterial classifications of 1,000,000,000/gram, and stirring, it is subsequent use to obtain fermented bacterium liquid;

(4) substrate fermentation: get base starting material and the matrix poultry-dung mixes, spray fermented bacterium liquid, and water to regulate humidity be 70-80%; Plastic covering book film fermented 36-48 hour, made temperature be no more than 80 ℃ during the fermentation; Want timely turning cooling when surpassing, it is subsequent use to obtain fermentation substrate;

(5) fermentation substrate slaking: get fermentation substrate and made the matrix slaking in 4 months with book film covering back stack retting, the diffusing temperature of turning makes temperature reach normal temperature then, tans by the sun drying, makes water content reach 15-30%, is packaged to be organic nothing soil vegetable growing matrix.

Embodiment 2

(1) base starting material is handled: get 1000 kilograms of fresh cassava skins, after water fully drenched, using the w/w percentage concentration again was that 0.3% limewash is regulated cassava skin pH5.5, tanned by the sun with the book film covering high-temperature that to obtain base starting material in 6-10 days subsequent use;

(2) the matrix poultry-dung is handled: 100 kilograms in dry duck excrement getting water content 15-30% and 1 kilogram of flower mix that to obtain the matrix poultry-dung subsequent use;

(3) microbial fermentation bacterial classification preparation: get 3 kilograms of plate sugar and be dissolved in 10 kg of water, obtain brown sugar solution, adding 3 kilograms of activity again is Beijing Borrow's biofermentation bacterial classifications of 1,000,000,000/gram, and stirring, it is subsequent use to obtain fermented bacterium liquid;

(4) following steps are identical with embodiment 1.

Embodiment 3

(1) base starting material is handled: get 1000 kilograms of fresh cassava skins, after water fully drenched, using the w/w percentage concentration again was that 0.3% limewash is regulated cassava skin pH6, tanned by the sun with the book film covering high-temperature that to obtain base starting material in 6-10 days subsequent use;

(2) the matrix poultry-dung is handled: 100 kilograms in dry quail excrement getting water content 15-30% and 1 kilogram of flower mix that to obtain the matrix poultry-dung subsequent use;

(3) microbial fermentation bacterial classification preparation: get 5 kilograms of granulated sugar and be dissolved in 15 kg of water, obtain brown sugar solution, adding 4 kilograms of activity again is Beijing Borrow's biofermentation bacterial classifications of 1,000,000,000/gram, and stirring, it is subsequent use to obtain fermented bacterium liquid;

(4) following steps are identical with embodiment 1.

Claims (1)

1. organic nothing soil vegetable growing matrix is characterized in that said matrix is prepared by following method:

(1) base starting material is handled: get the fresh cassava skin, using the w/w percentage concentration after water fully drenches again is 0.3% limewash, regulates cassava skin pH value between 5.5-6.5, and being exposed to the sun with the book film covering high-temperature, to obtain base starting material in 6-10 days subsequent use;

(2) the matrix poultry-dung is handled: dry poultry-dung and the peanut press pulp of getting water content 15-30% are with 100: the weight ratio of 0.3-1 mixes that to obtain the matrix poultry-dung subsequent use;

(3) microbial fermentation bacterial classification preparation: be dissolved in the concentration ratio preparation syrup in the 3-5 kg of water with per kilogram sugar; By fermented bacterium and syrup is 3-5: the weight ratio of 10-15 is Beijing Borrow's biofermentation bacterial classification of 10-20 hundred million/gram with the syrup lytic activity, and it is subsequent use to obtain fermented bacterium liquid;

(4) substrate fermentation: get base starting material and matrix poultry-dung with the amount of weight ratio 10: 0.8-1.5, mix, spray fermented bacterium liquid; Consumption is an every cubic metre of base starting material and matrix poultry-dung spray fermented bacterium liquid 10-15 kilogram, and to regulate humidity be 70-80%, plastic covering book film; Fermented 36-48 hour; Make temperature be no more than 80 ℃ during the fermentation, want timely turning cooling when surpassing, it is subsequent use to obtain fermentation substrate;

(5) fermentation substrate slaking: get fermentation substrate and made the matrix slaking with book film covering back stack retting 2-4 month, the diffusing temperature of turning makes temperature reach normal temperature then, and drying makes water content reach 15-30%, is packaged to be organic nothing soil vegetable growing matrix.