CN102823437B - Single brachyblast grafting method for Japanese black pine and Japanese red pine - Google Patents
Single brachyblast grafting method for Japanese black pine and Japanese red pine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102823437B CN102823437B CN 201210336745 CN201210336745A CN102823437B CN 102823437 B CN102823437 B CN 102823437B CN 201210336745 CN201210336745 CN 201210336745 CN 201210336745 A CN201210336745 A CN 201210336745A CN 102823437 B CN102823437 B CN 102823437B
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Abstract
The invention claims a single brachyblast grafting method for Japanese black pine and Japanese red pine, which is characterized by comprising the steps of cutting tree stocks, taking fringes, splicing and managing after being spliced; a single brachyblast method for cutting buds and taking fringes with a few of xylem is adopted, so that the fringes are easy to take, the grafting speed is fast, and the survival rate reaches up to above 85%; in addition, when the maximum growth is 10.4cm in the first year, the average growth is 6.4cm; and meanwhile, when the maximum growth is 49.4cm in the second year, the average growth is 31cm. The method is simple and the work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the forestry technology field, is the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of black pine, Japanese red pine specifically.
Background technology:
Japanese red pine is a kind of important afforestation pioneer tree species, and natural distributed is in China, Korea, Japan and Russia
One of Main Constructive Species of coastal area, ，Shi warm temperate zone, Luo Si the Far East Area warm nature softwood forest.
Black pine is introduced a fine variety the history of existing last 100 years, because its anti-pine caterpillars, Matsumura pine scale harm obtain large-area applications, is the chief species of Northern Coastal Region shelterbelt construction.In addition, the black pine shelter forest is most important part in the coast protection forest system.
Utilizing degeneration-resistant, the fast-growing of seed selection, adaptable black pine, Japanese red pine select tree material, carry out vegetative propagation and protected utilization, improve reproduction coefficient, make the new germ plasm material realize as early as possible kind, is the basis of modern coast protection forest System Construction and crucial.
The Pinus vegetative propagation divides cottage propagation and propagation by grafiting.Yantai City woods section utilizes the branch of the fine individual plant that " black pine * Japanese red pine artificial hybridization breeding " select, establishes different substrates (perlite, thin river sand, perlite+thin river sand); Different ABT root-inducing powder concentration, soak time; Different cutting lengths have carried out the cuttage test, and because of cuttage survival rate less than 30%, and cuttings gathers difficulty, availability is low, and the cuttage cost is high, and has abandoned the further investigation that cuttage is bred the black pine nursery stock.
Propagation by grafiting divides scion grafting and needle-leaved bundle grafting, the 2008-2009 spring, black pine, Japanese red pine have been carried out to the stiff wood grafting test, and equally because of survival rate less than 40%, rate of scionwood utility is low and abandon.
The needle-leaved bundle grafting has obtained initial success 2～3 pin Pinus seeds such as wet-land pine tree, torch pine, masson pine and Chinese pines.
Heilongjiang Province forest and the 2005-2010 of institute of Research of Environmental Sciences have carried out the test of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica grafting of tender branch, and the needle-leaved bundle survival rate only reaches 54%; Jiangsu Province's woods torch pine needle-leaved bundle grafting that section has carried out in 1975, the long 4～5cm of its scion, stay 5～8 bundle needles; Guizhou Province's woods masson pine Grafting Experiment that section has carried out in 1976, employing be that medulla forms a layer rendezvous method; Forest farm, White Cloud Mountain, Jian County, Jiangxi Province nineteen ninety-five has been carried out the wet-land pine tree Grafting Experiment, employing be that medulla forms a layer bonding method, the method that above-mentioned unit adopts does not all belong to single needle-leaved bundle grafting, rate of scionwood utility is low, work efficiency is lower.Xi'nan College of Forestry has carried out Chinese pine brachyplast Grafting Experiment in 1984, employing be notch grafting, work efficiency (192 strains/man day), survival rate, work efficiency are all low; Dalian woods black pine needle-leaved bundle Grafting Experiment that section has carried out in 1989～1992 years, employing be pith-cambium grafting method, but its bud of choosing of taking is got the fringe method, exists and gets the defects such as fringe difficulty, grafting speed is slow, blade is easily broken, technology is not checked in production application.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, and provide a kind of black pine, Japanese red pine single needle-leaved bundle grafting method, the problem such as mainly solve existing black pine, the Japanese red pine graft survival rate is low, cost is high, get the fringe difficulty and efficiency is low.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: black pine, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine, its special character is to comprise the steps:
A cuts anvil, extract on stock young sprout middle and lower part needle then, in bottom, priming leaf position, the horizontal partial application of downward-sloping 45 degree reaches xylem deeply, then more than otch, 1.0～1.2 cm places descend cutter, push broach downwards is to the transverse incision place from shallow to deep, deeply reach xylem, can cut the tough skin bit with a little xylem, the tough skin bit cut first is retained on stock;
B gets fringe, in about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle to be got below, the horizontal partial application of downward-sloping 45 degree reaches xylem deeply, then in about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle to be got top, push broach downwards is to otch from shallow to deep, deeply reach xylem, can take off with a branch of needle and the scion with a little xylem big or small and that the stock stripping and slicing is basically identical;
C engages, and takes away the tough skin bit cut on stock, and the leaf bundle scion of taking off is inserted and is adjacent to, and at least one side forms layer alignment, with plastic film strip colligation Bao Yan, reserves the scion needle-leaved bundle;
D connects rear management, and grafting is complete carries out truncation to the grafting leading shoot, and truncation position distance meets position a 3～5cm, within after grafting about 1 week, can be confirmed whether to survive, if survive, more than connecing, 0.5～0.7cm truncation again, erase and connect an above needle; Within after grafting survival 15 days, can solution tie up, or solution is tied up when bud picking for the first time; In order to prevent resting bud growth, bud picking in every 5～7 days once, continues two months, the rudiment of erasing and buddering on leading shoot and side shoot, and perform weeding, insect prevention.
Wherein, the described stock of a step is 2 years living black pine container seedlings, or the light matrix non-woven container seedling of life in 1 year is as the needle-leaved bundle graft stock; Every furrow field planting 2 row of stock, spacing in the rows 10cm, line-spacing 30cm, furrow spacing 70cm; Before grafting, will be processed stock, every stock reserves the leading shoot that grafting is used, and verticillate side shoot is removed, truncation, retains 3～5 side shoots, and the maximum length 20cm that retains of side shoot, more than stock connects a rugosity the leading shoot stem slightly will reach 0.5cm then.
Wherein, leave bundle is then selected on the living black pine of 3-25, Japanese red pine select tree in the described scion of b step, and the needle-leaved bundle growth length gathers when 1.0cm is above; Getting the fringe position is the tree crown middle and upper part, gives birth to then young sprout more than the 15cm reached full growth and does scion.
Wherein, described plastic film strip thickness 0.06 ㎜ of c step.
Compared with the prior art black pine of the present invention, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine have outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement, 1, employing is with a little xylem list needle-leaved bundle to cut bud and is got the fringe method, get fringe easy, grafting speed is fast, survival rate is up to more than 85%, and high growth then is 10.4cm to the maximum, average 6.4 cm, the high growth of Second Year is 49.4cm, average 31 cm to the maximum; 2, method is simple, and work efficiency is high.
Embodiment:
For Comprehension and Implementation better, below in conjunction with embodiment, describe the present invention in detail.
Embodiment 1, and grafting time is selected June No. 10-25, and Yantai, Shandong is selected on grafting ground, and stock and scion are selected as follows:
1, stock is selected: with 2 years living black pine container seedlings, or the light matrix non-woven container seedling of life in 1 year was as the needle-leaved bundle graft stock; Every furrow field planting 2 row of stock, spacing in the rows 10cm, line-spacing 30cm, furrow spacing 70cm; Before grafting, to be processed stock; Every stock reserves the leading shoot that grafting is used, and verticillate side shoot is removed, truncation, retains 3～5 side shoots, the maximum length 20cm that retains of side shoot; More than stock connects a rugosity the leading shoot stem slightly will reach 0.5cm then;
2, scion is selected: select on the living black pine of 3-25, Japanese red pine select tree leave bundle then, the needle-leaved bundle growth length gathers when 1.0cm is above; Getting the fringe position is the tree crown middle and upper part, gives birth to then young sprout more than the 15cm reached full growth and does scion, in transit with wet towel or wet newspaper parcel, to prevent its dehydration; With adopting scion with grafting, if when grafting is not complete, by every 20 a bundles of branch, terminal bud is put in the bucket that fills a small amount of water upward, and the depth of water can not surpass 2cm, puts cool place and locates standby.
Method is as follows:
A cuts anvil, extract on the stock of above-mentioned Standard Selection young sprout middle and lower part needle then, in bottom, priming leaf position, downward-sloping 45 ℃ of horizontal partial applications reach xylem deeply, then more than otch, 1.0～1.2 cm places descend cutter, left hand (right hand) is held stock, and the right hand (left hand) push broach downwards from shallow to deep, to the transverse incision place, reaches xylem deeply, can cut the tough skin bit with a little xylem, the tough skin bit cut first is retained on stock;
B gets fringe, in about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle to be got below, downward-sloping 45 ℃ of horizontal partial applications reach xylem deeply, then in about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle to be got top, push broach downwards is to otch from shallow to deep, deeply reach xylem, can take off with a branch of needle and the scion with a little xylem big or small and that the stock stripping and slicing is basically identical;
C engages, and takes away the tough skin bit cut on stock, and the leaf bundle scion of taking off is inserted and is adjacent to, and at least one side forms layer alignment, and the most handy 0.06 ㎜ plastic film strip colligation Bao Yan, reserve the scion needle-leaved bundle;
D connects rear management, and grafting is complete carries out truncation to the grafting leading shoot, and truncation position distance meets position 3～5cm, within after grafting about 1 week, can be confirmed whether to survive (whether the scion needle-leaved bundle keeps original green), if survive, in connecing the above 0.5～0.7cm in position truncation again, erase and connect an above needle.Within after grafting survival 15 days, can solution tie up, also can solution tie up when bud picking for the first time, in order to prevent the resting bud growth, bud picking in every 5～7 days is once to late August, the rudiment of erasing and buddering on leading shoot and side shoot, and perform weeding, insect prevention (pine is snout moth's larva, two spotted spider mite slightly) work.
Adopt the method for embodiment 1, carry out the test of certain scale in 2010-2012, its result of the test is as table 1.
As shown in Table 1, be with a little xylem to cut bud and get the fringe method, graft survival rate is more than 85%, takes out then tip rate high, and amount of growth is large, and work efficiency is high.
Claims (4)
1. black pine, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A cuts anvil, extract on stock leading shoot middle and lower part needle then, in bottom, priming leaf position, the horizontal partial application of downward-sloping 45 degree reaches xylem deeply, then more than otch, 1.0～1.2 cm places descend cutter, push broach downwards is to the transverse incision place from shallow to deep, deeply reach xylem, can cut the tough skin bit with a little xylem, the tough skin bit cut first is retained on stock;
B gets fringe, in about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle to be got below, the horizontal partial application of downward-sloping 45 degree reaches xylem deeply, then in about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle to be got top, push broach downwards is to otch from shallow to deep, deeply reach xylem, can take off with a branch of needle and the scion with a little xylem big or small and that the stock stripping and slicing is basically identical;
C engages, and takes away the tough skin bit cut on stock, and the leaf bundle scion of taking off is inserted and is adjacent to, and at least one side forms layer alignment, with plastic film strip colligation Bao Yan, reserves the scion needle-leaved bundle;
D connects rear management, and grafting is complete carries out truncation to the grafting leading shoot, and truncation position distance meets position a 3～5cm, within after grafting about 1 week, can be confirmed whether to survive, if survive, more than connecing, 0.5～0.7cm place truncation again, erase and connect an above needle; Within after grafting survival 15 days, can solution tie up, or solution is tied up when bud picking for the first time; In order to prevent resting bud growth, bud picking in every 5～7 days once, continues two months, the rudiment of erasing and buddering on leading shoot and side shoot, and perform weeding, insect prevention.
2. black pine according to claim 1, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine, it is characterized in that the described stock of a step is 2 years living black pine container seedlings, or the light matrix non-woven container seedling of life in 1 year is as the needle-leaved bundle graft stock; Every furrow field planting 2 row of stock, spacing in the rows 10cm, line-spacing 30cm, furrow spacing 70cm; Before grafting, will be processed stock, every stock reserves the leading shoot that grafting is used, and verticillate side shoot is removed, truncation, retains 3～5 side shoots, and the maximum length 20cm that retains of side shoot, more than stock connects a rugosity the leading shoot stem slightly will reach 0.5cm then.
3. the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of black pine according to claim 1, Japanese red pine, is characterized in that the described scion of b step selects on the living black pine of 3-25, Japanese red pine select tree leave bundle then, and the needle-leaved bundle growth length gathers when 1.0cm is above; Getting the fringe position is the tree crown middle and upper part, grows preferably more than 15cm to give birth to then young sprout and do scion.
4. black pine according to claim 1, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine, is characterized in that described plastic film strip thickness 0.06 ㎜ of c step.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108848986A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-23 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | A kind of method of wet-land pine tree truncation grafting |
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| CN103053337A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-24 | 袁红 | Process for grafting five-leaved pine with black pine as rootstock |
| CN104067860B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-03-02 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | A kind of method of Chinese scholar tree grafting gold branch Chinese scholartree |
| CN104737829A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-01 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | Masson pine grafting method |
| CN105766394A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-20 | 山东省林木种苗和花卉站 | Method for producing archaistic tree bonsai by black pine pruning and living body grafting survival |
| CN106258513A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 施秉县佳禾苗木花卉农民专业合作社 | A kind of method of Pollen pini thunbergii grafting Osaka, plateau, subtropical zone pine |
| CN107409768A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-12-01 | 安徽荃润丰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of Chinese scholar tree grafting gold leaf Chinese scholartree |
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| CN1593091A (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2005-03-16 | 黑龙江省牡丹江林业科学研究所 | Pine subgenus evergreen arbor needle oil grafting technology |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108848986A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-23 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | A kind of method of wet-land pine tree truncation grafting |
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