CN102823437A - Single brachyblast grafting method for Japanese black pine and Japanese red pine - Google Patents
Single brachyblast grafting method for Japanese black pine and Japanese red pine Download PDFInfo
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- CN102823437A CN102823437A CN2012103367456A CN201210336745A CN102823437A CN 102823437 A CN102823437 A CN 102823437A CN 2012103367456 A CN2012103367456 A CN 2012103367456A CN 201210336745 A CN201210336745 A CN 201210336745A CN 102823437 A CN102823437 A CN 102823437A
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Abstract
The invention claims a single brachyblast grafting method for Japanese black pine and Japanese red pine, which is characterized by comprising the steps of cutting tree stocks, taking fringes, splicing and managing after being spliced; a single brachyblast method for cutting buds and taking fringes with a few of xylem is adopted, so that the fringes are easy to take, the grafting speed is fast, and the survival rate reaches up to above 85%; in addition, when the maximum growth is 10.4cm in the first year, the average growth is 6.4cm; and meanwhile, when the maximum growth is 49.4cm in the second year, the average growth is 31cm. The method is simple and the work efficiency is high.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to the forestry technology field, is the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of black pine, Japanese red pine specifically.
Background technology:
Japanese red pine is a kind of important afforestation pioneer tree species, and natural distributed is in China, Korea, Japan and Russia
The Luo Si the Far East Area is one of Main Constructive Species of coastal area, warm temperate zone warm nature softwood forest.
Black pine is introduced a fine variety the history of existing last 100 years, owing to its anti-pine caterpillars, Matsumura pine scale harm obtain large-area applications, is the chief species of northern coast protection forest construction.In addition, the black pine shelter forest is a most important component in the coast protection forest system.
Utilizing degeneration-resistant, the fast life of seed selection, adaptable black pine, Japanese red pine select tree material, carry out vegetative propagation and protect utilization, improve reproduction coefficient, make the new germ plasm material realize kindization as early as possible, is the basic and crucial of modern coast protection forest system construction.
The Pinus vegetative propagation divides cottage propagation and propagation by grafiting.Yantai City woods section utilizes the branch of the fine individual plant that " black pine * Japanese red pine artificial hybridization breeding " select, establishes different substrates (perlite, thin river sand, perlite+thin river sand); Different ABT root-inducing powder concentration, soak time; Different cutting lengths have carried out the cuttage test, and because of cuttage survival rate less than 30%, and slotting fringe is gathered difficulty, availability is low, and the cuttage cost is high, and has abandoned the further investigation that cuttage is bred the black pine nursery stock.
Propagation by grafiting divides scion grafting and needle-leaved bundle grafting, the 2008-2009 spring, black pine, Japanese red pine have been carried out the stiff wood grafting test, and equally because of survival rate less than 40%, the scion availability is low and abandon.
The needle-leaved bundle grafting has obtained initial success 2～3 pin Pinus seeds such as wet-land pine tree, torch pine, masson pine and Chinese pines.
Heilongjiang Province forest and the 2005-2010 of institute of Research of Environmental Sciences have carried out the test of pinus sylvestris var. mongolica grafting of tender branch, and the needle-leaved bundle survival rate only reaches 54%; Institute of Jiangsu Province woods section carried out the grafting of torch pine needle-leaved bundle in 1975, and the long 4～5cm of its scion stays 5～8 bundle needles; Guizhou Province woods section institute carried out masson pine grafting test in 1976, employing be medulla cambium rendezvous method; Forest farm, White Cloud Mountain, Jian County, Jiangxi Province nineteen ninety-five has been carried out wet-land pine tree grafting test, employing be medulla cambium bonding method, the method that above-mentioned unit adopts does not all belong to single needle-leaved bundle grafting, the scion availability is low, work efficiency is lower.Xi'nan College of Forestry carried out Chinese pine brachyplast grafting test in 1984, employing be notch grafting, work efficiency (192 strains/man day), survival rate, work efficiency are all low; Dalian woods section institute carried out black pine needle-leaved bundle grafting test in 1989～1992 years, employing be pith-cambium grafting method, but its bud of taking of choosing is got the fringe method, exists to get defectives such as fringe difficulty, grafting speed is slow, blade is easily broken, technology is not checked in production application.
Summary of the invention:
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned prior art, and provide a kind of black pine, Japanese red pine single needle-leaved bundle grafting method, mainly solve existing black pine, the Japanese red pine graft survival rate is low, cost is high, get problems such as fringe difficulty and efficient are low.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: black pine, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine, its special character is to comprise the steps:
A cuts anvil; Extract on the stock young sprout middle and lower part needle then, the horizontal partial application of downward-sloping 45 degree reaches xylem deeply in bottom, priming leaf position, then 1.0～1.2 cm places time cutter more than otch; Push broach downwards is to the transverse incision place from shallow to deep; Reach xylem deeply, can downcut the tough skin bit with a little xylem, the tough skin bit of cutting-out is retained on the stock earlier;
B gets fringe; In waiting to get about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle below; The horizontal partial application of downward-sloping 45 degree reaches xylem deeply, and in waiting to get about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle top, push broach downwards is to otch from shallow to deep then; Reach xylem deeply, can take off scion with a little xylem with a branch of needle and size and stock stripping and slicing basically identical;
C engages, and takes away the tough skin bit that downcuts on the stock, the leaf bundle scion of taking off is inserted be adjacent to, and at least one side cambium alignment with plastic film strip colligation Bao Yan, is reserved the scion needle-leaved bundle;
D connects back management, and grafting finishes and promptly the grafting leading shoot carried out truncation, and truncation position distance meets position a 3～5cm, can confirm whether become alive after the grafting about 1 week, if become to live, in connecing the above 0.5～0.7cm in position truncation once more, erasing connects an above needle; Can separate in 15 days behind the grafting survival and tie up, or when first time bud picking, separate and tie up; In order to prevent resting bud growth, bud picking in per 5～7 days once continues two months, the rudiment on leading shoot and the side shoot of buddering of erasing, and perform the weeding insect protected.
Wherein, the described stock of a step is 2 years living black pine container seedlings, or the light matrix nonwoven container seedling of life in 1 year is as the needle-leaved bundle graft stock; Every furrow field planting 2 row of stock, spacing in the rows 10cm, line-spacing 30cm, furrow spacing 70cm; Will handle stock before the grafting, every stock is reserved the leading shoot that grafting is used, and verticillate side shoot is dredged and removed, truncation, keeps 3～5 side shoots, the maximum reservation of side shoot length 20cm, stock connect a rugosity promptly then the leading shoot stem slightly to reach more than the 0.5cm.
Wherein, leave bundle is then selected on the living black pine of 3-25, the Japanese red pine select tree in the described scion of b step for use, and needle-leaved bundle growth length is gathered when 1.0cm is above; Getting the fringe position is the tree crown middle and upper part, gives birth to young sprout more than the 15cm that reaches full growth then and does scion.
Wherein, described plastic film strip thickness 0.06 ㎜ of c step.
Compared with present technology the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of black pine of the present invention, Japanese red pine has outstanding substantive distinguishing features and marked improvement, and 1, adopt and be with a little xylem list needle-leaved bundle to cut bud to get the fringe method, it is easy to get fringe; Grafting speed is fast; Survival rate is up to more than 85%, and high then growth is 10.4cm to the maximum, average 6.4 cm; High growth in 1 year is 49.4cm to the maximum, average 31 cm; 2, method is simple, and work efficiency is high.
Embodiment:
In order to understand better and to implement, specify the present invention below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1, and grafting time is selected June 10-25 number, and Yantai, Shandong is selected on grafting ground, stock and scion selection as follows:
1, stock is selected: with 2 years living black pine container seedlings, or the light matrix nonwoven container seedling of life in 1 year was as the needle-leaved bundle graft stock; Every furrow field planting 2 row of stock, spacing in the rows 10cm, line-spacing 30cm, furrow spacing 70cm; To handle stock before the grafting; Every stock is reserved the leading shoot that grafting is used, and verticillate side shoot is dredged and removed, truncation, keeps 3～5 side shoots, the maximum length 20cm that keeps of side shoot; Stock connect a rugosity promptly then the leading shoot stem slightly to reach more than the 0.5cm;
2, scion is selected: select on the livings black pine of 3-25, the Japanese red pine select tree leave bundle then for use, the needle-leaved bundle length of growing is gathered when 1.0cm is above; Getting the fringe position is the tree crown middle and upper part, gives birth to young sprout more than the 15cm that reaches full growth then and does scion, in transit with wet towel or wet newspaper parcel, to prevent its dehydration; With adopting scion with grafting, if when grafting is intact, with per 20 a bundles of branch, terminal bud is put in the bucket that fills low amounts of water up, and the depth of water can not surpass 2cm, put shady and cool locate subsequent use.
Method is following:
A cuts anvil, extracts on the stock of above-mentioned Standard Selection young sprout middle and lower part needle then, and downward-sloping 45 ℃ of horizontal partial applications reach xylem deeply in bottom, priming leaf position; 1.0～1.2 cm places descend cutter more than otch then; Left hand (right hand) is held stock, and the right hand (left hand) push broach downwards from shallow to deep reaches xylem deeply to the transverse incision place; Can downcut the tough skin bit with a little xylem, the tough skin bit of cutting-out is retained on the stock earlier;
B gets fringe; In waiting to get about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle below; Downward-sloping 45 ℃ of horizontal partial applications reach xylem deeply, and in waiting to get about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle top, push broach downwards is to otch from shallow to deep then; Reach xylem deeply, can take off scion with a little xylem with a branch of needle and size and stock stripping and slicing basically identical;
C engages, and takes away the tough skin bit that downcuts on the stock, the leaf bundle scion of taking off is inserted be adjacent to, at least one side cambium alignment, and the most handy 0.06 ㎜ plastic film strip colligation Bao Yan reserves the scion needle-leaved bundle;
D connects the back management, and grafting finishes and promptly the grafting leading shoot carried out truncation, and truncation position distance meets position 3～5cm; Can confirm whether become to live (whether the scion needle-leaved bundle keeps original green) after the grafting about 1 week; If become to live, in connecing the above 0.5～0.7cm in position truncation once more, erasing connects an above needle.Can separate in 15 days behind the grafting survival and tie up, also can when first time bud picking, separate and tie up, in order to prevent the resting bud growth, bud picking in per 5～7 days is once to late August, the rudiment on leading shoot and the side shoot of buddering of erasing, and perform weeding insect protected (pine is snout moth's larva, two spotted spider mite slightly) work.
Adopt the method for embodiment 1, carry out the test of certain scale in 2010-2012, its result of the test such as table 1.
Can be known by table 1, be with a little xylem to cut bud and get the fringe method that graft survival rate is taken out tip rate height more than 85% then, amount of growth is big, and work efficiency is high.
Claims (4)
1. black pine, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine is characterized in that comprising the steps:
A cuts anvil; Extract on the stock leading shoot middle and lower part needle then, the horizontal partial application of downward-sloping 45 degree reaches xylem deeply in bottom, priming leaf position, then 1.0～1.2 cm places time cutter more than otch; Push broach downwards is to the transverse incision place from shallow to deep; Reach xylem deeply, can downcut the tough skin bit with a little xylem, the tough skin bit of cutting-out is retained on the stock earlier;
B gets fringe; In waiting to get about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle below; The horizontal partial application of downward-sloping 45 degree reaches xylem deeply, and in waiting to get about 0.6cm place, needle-leaved bundle top, push broach downwards is to otch from shallow to deep then; Reach xylem deeply, can take off scion with a little xylem with a branch of needle and size and stock stripping and slicing basically identical;
C engages, and takes away the tough skin bit that downcuts on the stock, the leaf bundle scion of taking off is inserted be adjacent to, and at least one side cambium alignment with plastic film strip colligation Bao Yan, is reserved the scion needle-leaved bundle;
D connects back management, and grafting finishes and promptly the grafting leading shoot carried out truncation, and truncation position distance meets position a 3～5cm, can confirm whether become alive after the grafting about 1 week, if become to live, in connecing above 0.5～0.7cm place, position truncation once more, erasing connects an above needle; Can separate in 15 days behind the grafting survival and tie up, or when first time bud picking, separate and tie up; In order to prevent resting bud growth, bud picking in per 5～7 days once continues two months, the rudiment on leading shoot and the side shoot of buddering of erasing, and perform the weeding insect protected.
2. black pine according to claim 1, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine it is characterized in that the described stock of a step is 2 years living black pine container seedlings, or the light matrix nonwoven container seedling of life in 1 year are as the needle-leaved bundle graft stocks; Every furrow field planting 2 row of stock, spacing in the rows 10cm, line-spacing 30cm, furrow spacing 70cm; Will handle stock before the grafting, every stock is reserved the leading shoot that grafting is used, and verticillate side shoot is dredged and removed, truncation, keeps 3～5 side shoots, the maximum reservation of side shoot length 20cm, stock connect a rugosity promptly then the leading shoot stem slightly to reach more than the 0.5cm.
3. the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of black pine according to claim 1, Japanese red pine is characterized in that the described scion of b step selects on the livings black pine of 3-25, the Japanese red pine select tree leave bundle then for use, and the needle-leaved bundle length of growing is gathered when 1.0cm is above; Getting the fringe position is the tree crown middle and upper part, grows preferably to give birth to young sprout more than the 15cm then and do scion.
4. black pine according to claim 1, the single needle-leaved bundle grafting method of Japanese red pine is characterized in that described plastic film strip thickness 0.06 ㎜ of c step.
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| CN 201210336745 CN102823437B (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2012-09-13 | Single brachyblast grafting method for Japanese black pine and Japanese red pine |
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103053337A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-24 | 袁红 | Process for grafting five-leaved pine with black pine as rootstock |
| CN104067860A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Method for grafting sophora japonica tree branch onto golden bough sophora japonica tree |
| CN104737829A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-01 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | Masson pine grafting method |
| CN105766394A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-20 | 山东省林木种苗和花卉站 | Method for producing archaistic tree bonsai by black pine pruning and living body grafting survival |
| CN106258513A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 施秉县佳禾苗木花卉农民专业合作社 | A kind of method of Pollen pini thunbergii grafting Osaka, plateau, subtropical zone pine |
| CN107409768A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-12-01 | 安徽荃润丰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of Chinese scholar tree grafting gold leaf Chinese scholartree |
| CN108848986A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-23 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | A kind of method of wet-land pine tree truncation grafting |
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| CN1593091A (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2005-03-16 | 黑龙江省牡丹江林业科学研究所 | Pine subgenus evergreen arbor needle oil grafting technology |
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| CN1593091A (en) * | 2004-07-12 | 2005-03-16 | 黑龙江省牡丹江林业科学研究所 | Pine subgenus evergreen arbor needle oil grafting technology |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103053337A (en) * | 2012-12-21 | 2013-04-24 | 袁红 | Process for grafting five-leaved pine with black pine as rootstock |
| CN104067860A (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2014-10-01 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | Method for grafting sophora japonica tree branch onto golden bough sophora japonica tree |
| CN104067860B (en) * | 2014-06-25 | 2016-03-02 | 桐城市景艺苗木有限公司 | A kind of method of Chinese scholar tree grafting gold branch Chinese scholartree |
| CN104737829A (en) * | 2015-04-10 | 2015-07-01 | 安徽省林业科学研究院 | Masson pine grafting method |
| CN105766394A (en) * | 2016-04-22 | 2016-07-20 | 山东省林木种苗和花卉站 | Method for producing archaistic tree bonsai by black pine pruning and living body grafting survival |
| CN106258513A (en) * | 2016-08-11 | 2017-01-04 | 施秉县佳禾苗木花卉农民专业合作社 | A kind of method of Pollen pini thunbergii grafting Osaka, plateau, subtropical zone pine |
| CN107409768A (en) * | 2017-05-03 | 2017-12-01 | 安徽荃润丰农业科技有限公司 | A kind of method of Chinese scholar tree grafting gold leaf Chinese scholartree |
| CN108848986A (en) * | 2018-06-01 | 2018-11-23 | 吉安市林业科学研究所 | A kind of method of wet-land pine tree truncation grafting |
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