CN102805621A - Magnetic, acoustic and electric imaging system and imaging method - Google Patents
Magnetic, acoustic and electric imaging system and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102805621A CN102805621A CN2012102627988A CN201210262798A CN102805621A CN 102805621 A CN102805621 A CN 102805621A CN 2012102627988 A CN2012102627988 A CN 2012102627988A CN 201210262798 A CN201210262798 A CN 201210262798A CN 102805621 A CN102805621 A CN 102805621A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic, acoustic and electric imaging system and an imaging method. The system comprises an excitation source, a synchronization trigger control module (1), a water tank (7), a three-dimensional scanning platform and a signal detection system; the excitation source produces induced electromotive force in a sample to be detected; the synchronization trigger control module (1) synchronizes and controls the excitation source, the three-dimensional scanning platform and the signal detection system; decoupling plasma water or an insulation oil solution is accommodated in the water tank; the three-dimensional scanning of an ultrasonic transmitting probe is realized by the three-dimensional scanning platform; the signal detection system detects weak electric signals; and the excitation source is controlled by the synchronization trigger control module (1) to produce the induced electromotive force in the sample to be detected. By the transmission mode of ultrasonic waves in the sample to be detected, the combined action area of an acoustic source and a static magnetic field can be accurately positioned, and the electric current density of every moment is acquired by a gradual progressive mode by a time progressive method, so that the information of the electric current density of the whole acoustic wave spreading path can be acquired.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric impedance imaging system and method, be specifically related to a kind of electric impedance imaging system device and method of medical magnetosonic electricity.
Background technology
The imaging of magnetosonic electricity is a kind of novel medical imaging method with applications well prospect, and its imaging characteristics has high resolution and high-contrast concurrently.Its image-forming principle is that a branch of ultrasound wave is injected into the picture body; Local ion in the imaging body is vibrated with hyperacoustic propagation; The ion of vibration receives the Lorentz force effect and causes separation of charge under the effect of magnetostatic field; And then in the imaging body, form partial electric field, and be placed on the collecting electrode on the imaging body or detect signal of telecommunication reconstruct electrical impedance images through subsides with the non-contacting receiving coil of imaging body, belong to a kind of novel electrical impedance imaging.1997, people such as Han Wen proposed the notion of Hall effect imaging, and provide one-dimensional model, and the simple experiment equipment that utilizes conventional ultrasound probe and scale copper to build does not receive publicity at the beginning of the proposition.Up to 2007; People such as Y.Xu, S Haider on the basis that Han Wen notion proposes, propose the magnetosonic electricity imaging based on reciprocal theorem; One dimension copper sheet sample is still adopted in experiment; Utilize electrode pair to measure, and derive simple relation formula between measuring voltage and sound field and the electromagnetic field, do not mentioning aspect the configuration of system according to reciprocal theorem.The present invention describes from system perspective and not only is fit to the one dimension simple sample but also be fit to the 3 D complex sample and the bionical tissue or the zooperal system that exsomatizes.
As the technology that a kind of novel electrical impedance imaging combines with ultra sonic imaging, the imaging of magnetosonic electricity and traditional electrical impedance imaging compared with techniques have following advantage:
(1) traditional electrical impedance imaging is through the electrode extra electric field, because the propagation attenuation of electric field in biological tissue influences investigation depth and sensitivity.And the imaging of magnetosonic electricity adopts the electric field of ultrasonic action and magnetic field coupling generation as driving source, from remedied the investigation depth and the low shortcoming of sensitivity of traditional electrical impedance imaging at all.
(2) magnetosonic electricity imaging technique with ultrasonic scanning and magnetostatic field interact in biological tissue ion and produce local current source; This configuration has reduced the contact impedance between skin and the electrode, has avoided to a certain extent because the influence of noise that contact impedance is uneven and the parasitic capacitance existence brings between the electrode.
(3) because magnetosonic electricity formation method relates to ultrasonic technique, be convenient to and multiple ultrasonic technique grafting, as linear scanning, mutually battle array survey, the ultrasonic echo method of Doppler effect etc.In addition, compare with the ultrasonic echo method, the ultrasonic sound path of magnetosonic method for electrically is a times of ultrasonic echo method, therefore, ultrasonicly in tissue, can penetrate deeplyer, and loss is lower, is beneficial to improve contrast and signal to noise ratio.
(4) the magnetosonic method for electrically is because local current only produces the image that high spatial resolution can be provided in ultrasonic pulse place, and longitudinal resolution information can be easily by the ultrasonic pulse velocity encoded cine.And can control cross section resolution easily through the hyperacoustic focal spot size of gated sweep, through controlling hyperacoustic pulse width, wavelength, can control axial resolution easily.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcome magnetosonic electricity imaging signal and disturb shortcomings such as big, that signal to noise ratio is low, propose a kind of new bio electrical impedance imaging and ultrasonic magnetosonic electricity imaging device and the formation method that combines based on velocity of sound coding.
The present invention adopts following technical scheme:
Magnetosonic electric imaging system of the present invention mainly comprises driving source, synchronous triggering control module, tank, 3-D scanning platform and signal detection system.Driving source mainly is made up of ultrasound-driven driving source, ultrasound emission probe and magnetostatic field generator, and its function is in detecting sample, to produce induction electromotive force.The synchronous triggering control module mainly is made up of signal generating circuit, realizes the synchronous and control to driving source, 3-D scanning controlling platform and signal detection system.Tank mainly is made up of tank itself, coupling plasma water or insulating oil solution, detection sample and entrant sound window; Fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution in the tank; Purpose is to reduce the attenuation loss of ultransonic transmission, and isolates detecting the interference of acoustical signal.The 3-D scanning platform comprises three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket and ultrasonic scanning controller; The 3-D scanning rack body is positioned at outside the tank; Connect the ultrasound emission probe through connecting rod, motion step-length, the direction of motion and the motion frequency of ultrasonic scanning controller control 3-D scanning support.Signal detection system mainly is made up of, magnetic test coil and signal deteching circuit detecting electrode, and its effect is the detection that realizes ultra-weak electronic signal.
Be electrically connected through lead between described synchronous triggering control module and described ultrasound-driven driving source, 3-D scanning controller, the signal detection system.For avoiding electromagnetic interference, ultrasound-driven driving source and synchronous triggering control module preferably are positioned over a side of tank, and signal detection system then is positioned at the opposite side of tank.
Described driving source mainly comprises magnetostatic field generator, ultrasound-driven driving source and ultrasound emission probe.Described magnetostatic field generator is used in detecting sample, forming the uniform magnetic field that has only Z axle component.It is made up of two co-axial permanent magnets, also can be a pair of co-axial electromagnet.Two co-axial permanent magnets can be square also can be circular, electromagnet generally is circular.Described ultrasound-driven driving source produces pulse excitation and two kinds of ultrasonic action signals of burst.The ultrasound-driven driving source mainly is made up of signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit, and signal generating circuit produces pulse signal or burst signal, amplifies the back through power amplifier and passes to the ultrasound emission probe by the ultrasound-driven cable.Described ultrasound emission probe is commercially available one pole source immersion type ultrasonic transducer, it with the ultrasound-driven driving source between be connected through the ultrasound-driven cable, ultrasound emission is popped one's head in and is positioned at tank during work, is connected with the three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket through bolt.Under the control of ultrasonic scanning controller; Ultrasonic scanner drives the ultrasound emission probe and scans; Constantly synchronous for guaranteeing the ultrasound emission scanning probe with signal detection system and ultrasound-driven driving source; The ultrasonic scanning controller needs the control of synchronous triggering control module, connects through lead between the two.Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field scanning means lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample, and are positioned at outside the uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution of tank.
Described synchronous triggering control module can directly produce the synchronous square-wave signal with certain dutycycle of 4 road same frequencys by signal generator, also can create control and data acquisition integral system based on real-time technique based on labview.
Fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution in the described tank, uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution cover sample to be detected and ultrasound emission probe fully in the tank.Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field scanning means lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample, and are positioned at outside uncoupling plasma water or the insulating oil solution.For avoiding the influence of echo acoustical signal that ultrasonic tank border causes to measurement result; The sink size that is parallel to the ultrasonic emitting direction wants enough big; For example when the ultransonic repetition rate of ultrasound emission probe emission is 20KHz; Suppose that the spread speed of ultrasound wave in tank solution is 1500m/s, then tank length should be greater than 75cm.The entrant sound window is installed in the described tank.When the detection sample was solid sample, two entrant sound windows laid respectively at the both sides of detecting sample on the ultrasound-transmissive direction, and ultrasound emission probe ultrasonic waves transmitted direction is vertical with the entrant sound window.When utilizing the bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance when detecting sample, the bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance is placed in the test sample box, and the bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance can hold through isolating entrant sound window independent isolating., isolate the entrant sound window because the test sample tape has, then in the tank independently two entrant sound windows can remove.The test sample box is positioned at the up and down inside of two magnets, and is positioned at coupling solution, wherein isolates the entrant sound window and organizes its buffer action between the solution to difference is bionical, can guarantee ultrasonic penetrance more than 90% again.
Described signal detection system mainly by detecting electrode to forming with signal deteching circuit, its effect is the detection that realizes detecting sample internal induction electromotive force.It is right also can to adopt magnetic test coil to substitute detecting electrode, same set of magnetosonic electric imaging system can adopt described detecting electrode to or magnetic test coil.Adopt detecting electrode to the time, detecting electrode pair is connected with the detection sample, is the contact detection method.When adopting magnetic test coil, then magnetic test coil gets final product near only need being positioned at and detecting sample, is non-contact detection.Detecting electrode is to being copper electrode or the ECG electrode and the button-shaped electrode etc. of a pair of surface gold-plating, and wherein contact resistance is minimum between the copper electrode of surface gold-plating and the detection sample, and effect is best.Detecting electrode to directly with detect sample and link to each other, between contact resistance more little good more.Detect sample for solid, detecting electrode is to being positioned at and the vertical arbitrary plane of transonic direction; When adopting the test sample box to fill the bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance when detecting sample, detecting electrode is to being positioned at and the vertical bionical optional position of organizing solution of transonic direction.Magnetic test coil is the copper ring coil.Detecting electrode to or the signal of telecommunication that receives of magnetic test coil through signal cable pre-amplification circuit, filter circuit, the amplifying circuit of entering signal detection system successively; Arrive data acquisition and treatment circuit at last, by data acquisition and treatment circuit carry out date processing with and realize demonstration by host computer to waveform.
The concrete workflow of described magnetosonic electric imaging system device is described below:
Described ultrasound-driven driving source transmitted pulse ultrasonic action signal, pumping signal is sent to the ultrasound emission probe through the ultrasound-driven cable.Ultrasound emission probe emission ultrasonic signal.The magnetostatic field generator produces uniform magnetic field in detecting sample.Described ultrasonic signal transmission direction is vertical with magnet axis; Under impulse ultrasound and the common excitation of magnetostatic field; Detect in the sample and produce electromotive force, utilize and detect detecting electrode that sample contacts fully, perhaps utilize to be positioned at the induction electromotive force that near the magnetic test coil that detects the sample receives the detection sample non-contactly receiving the electromotive force that detects sample because positive and negative charge separates; Detecting electrode to or the signal that receives of magnetic test coil receive by being placed on the outer signal deteching circuit of tank through signal cable; Through the amplification of the pre-amplification circuit in the signal deteching circuit, filter circuit filtering, again after amplifying circuit amplifies, through the data acquisition and processing (DAP) processing of circuit; And obtain measuring-signal clearly at host computer, adopt image reconstruction algorithm to obtain detecting the image of sample at last.
Described image reconstruction algorithm is the principle according to reciprocal theorem, utilizes ultrasonic transmission rule at the detection sample, realizes the accurate location in sound source and magnetostatic field combined effect zone.And combine ultrasonic transmission means in detecting sample, and utilize the time method of going forward one by one, obtain each electric current density constantly progressively ladderingly, thereby obtain the electric current density information of whole acoustic wave propagation path.
Reconstruction procedures specifically can be divided into for three steps: at first with the ultrasonic signal of ultrasound emission probe emission pass the time discrete that detects sample be n constantly, it is n point that correspondence will rebuild that subregion disperses.Wherein n is a positive integer, the reconstruction precision of the corresponding reconstructed image of the value of n, and n equals ultrasonic transmission path in detecting sample divided by time step generally speaking, and time step is determined by sample rate.Then through the time mode of going forward one by one; Begin constantly by constantly finding the solution induction electromotive force and Particle Vibration Velocity from first; Obtain each electric current density information constantly through each induction electromotive force and Particle Vibration Velocity constantly at last, thereby obtain the electric current density information on the ultrasound-transmissive path.In conjunction with the 3-D scanning of ultrasound emission probe, can obtain the electric current density information of whole detection sample, thereby obtain to detect the electric current density image of sample.Rebuild distribution of conductivity by electric current density, can use for reference the maturation method of magnetosonic imaging and realize, adopt the magnetic quasistatic approximation, can rebuild the electrical conductivity image distribution.
Apparatus of the present invention are devices that a kind of simple and effective removal interference noise improves imaging resolution; This device utilizes magnetosonic electricity formation method to realize the impedance bioelectrical measurement to bionical tissue and stripped animal tissue; Compare with the traditional electrical impedance; This device has combined the high and high advantage of ultrasonic resolution of traditional electrical impedance contrast; The electric signal waveform that utilizes a pair of detecting electrode or single magnetic test coil in time domain, to receive can be realized the electrical conductivity reconstruction of whole imaging body, is convenient to simultaneously and conventional ultrasound technical tie-up use, especially to the very little different soft tissues (like muscle, fat, blood etc.) of acoustic impedance difference; Simple ultrasonic technique is difficult to identification; And surpass four times in ultrasonic frequency range internal conductance rate difference, and therefore two kinds of methods combine and can more effectively realize that to biological tissue function and structure form images simultaneously, and message complementary sense is beneficial to accurate diagnosis.
The present invention has a good application prospect in the convalescent monitoring of the early discovery of cancer and disease at the monitoring soft tissue lesions.The system that the present invention proposes can effectively solve detection signal and disturb problems such as excessive, that signal to noise ratio is not enough, will more fine early lesion diagnostic message be provided for the clinician, for the new road of bar is opened up in the design of harmless monitor system cheaply.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 test sample box structural representation.
Among the figure: 1 synchronous triggering control module, 2 ultrasound-driven driving sources, 3 ultrasonic scanning controllers, 4 three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket, 5 ultrasound-driven cables; 6 ultrasound emission probe, 7 tanks, 8 first entrant sound windows, 9 detect sample, and 10 detecting electrodes are right; 11 magnetic test coils, 12 second entrant sound windows, 13 magnetostatic field generators, the signal cable that 14 connection electrode are right, the signal cable of 15 joint detection coils; 16 signal deteching circuits, 17 data acquisitions and treatment circuit, 18 host computers, 19 first isolate the entrant sound window; 20 first solution tissues, 21 second isolate the entrant sound window, and 22 second organize solution, 23 first electrodes; 24 the 3rd isolate the entrant sound window, and 25 the 3rd organize solution, and 26 the 4th isolate entrant sound window, 27 second electrodes.
The specific embodiment
Further specify the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, magnetosonic electric imaging system of the present invention mainly comprises driving source, synchronous triggering control module 1, tank, 3-D scanning platform and signal detection system.Driving source mainly is made up of ultrasound-driven driving source 2 and ultrasound emission probe 6, magnetostatic field generator 13, and its function is in detecting sample, to produce induction electromotive force.Synchronous triggering control module 1 mainly is made up of signal generating circuit, realizes the synchronous and control to driving source, 3-D scanning controlling platform and signal detection system.Tank mainly by tank 7 itself, coupling plasma water or insulating oil solution, detect sample 9, the first entrant sound window 8 and the second entrant sound window 12 and form; Fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution in the tank 7; Purpose is to reduce the attenuation loss of ultransonic transmission, and isolates detecting the interference of acoustical signal.The 3-D scanning platform comprises three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket 4 and ultrasonic scanning controller 3, and three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket 4 connects ultrasound emission probe 6, under the control of ultrasonic scanning controller 4, realizes the 3-D scanning of ultrasound emission probe 6.Signal detection system mainly by detecting electrode to 10, magnetic test coil 11, signal deteching circuit 16, data acquisition and treatment circuit 17 and host computer 18 form, its effect is the detection that realizes ultra-weak electronic signal.
Connect through lead between synchronous triggering control module 1, ultrasound-driven driving source 2,3-D scanning controller 3, the signal detection system; For avoiding electromagnetic interference; Ultrasound-driven driving source 2 and synchronous triggering control module 1 preferably are positioned at a side of tank 7, and signal detection system is positioned at the opposite side of tank 7.
Described driving source mainly comprises magnetostatic field generator 13, ultrasound-driven driving source 2 and ultrasound emission probe 6.Magnetostatic field generator 13 is used in detecting sample 9, forming the uniform magnetic field that has only Z axle component.It is made up of two co-axial permanent magnets, also can be a pair of co-axial electromagnet with uniform distribution field.Two co-axial permanent magnets can be square also can be circular.Ultrasound-driven driving source 2 produces pulse excitation and two kinds of ultrasonic action signals of burst; Ultrasound-driven driving source 2 mainly is made up of signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit; Signal generating circuit produces pulse signal or burst signal, amplifies the back through power amplifier and passes to ultrasound emission probe 6 by the ultrasound-driven cable.Ultrasound emission probe 6 is commercially available one pole source immersion type ultrasonic transducer; It with ultrasound-driven driving source 2 between be connected through ultrasound-driven cable 5; Be positioned at tank 7 during work, be connected with three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket 4 through machinery, under the control of ultrasonic scanning controller 3; Ultrasonic scanner drives ultrasound emission probe 6 and scans; Constantly synchronous with signal detection system and ultrasound-driven driving source 2 for guaranteeing 6 scannings of ultrasound emission probe, ultrasonic scanning controller 3 needs the control of synchronous triggering control module 1, connects through lead between the two.Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field scanning means 13 lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample 9, and are positioned at outside uncoupling plasma water or the insulating oil solution.
Described synchronous triggering control module 1 can directly produce the synchronous square-wave signal with certain dutycycle of 4 road same frequencys by signal generator, also can create based on control and data acquisition integral system based on real-time technique based on labview.
Fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution in the described tank 7, uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution cover sample 9 to be detected and ultrasound emission probe 6 fully in the tank 7.Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field scanning means 13 lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample 9, and are positioned at outside uncoupling plasma water or the insulating oil solution.Avoid the influence to measurement result of echo acoustical signal that ultrasonic tank 6 borders cause, the sink size that is parallel to the ultrasonic emitting direction is wanted enough greatly.When detection sample 9 is solid sample, the first entrant sound window 8 and the second entrant sound window 12 are installed in the described tank.Two entrant sound windows lay respectively at the both sides of detecting sample 9 on the ultrasound-transmissive direction, and the ultrasound emission 6 ultrasonic waves transmitted directions of popping one's head in are vertical with two entrant sound windows 8,12.Wherein entrant sound window 8,12 is when ultrasonic vertical entrant sound window incident, and the ultrasonic penetration rate can reach more than 90%.When detecting sample 9 and organize solution for the different electric conductance is bionical, the bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance can be placed in the test sample box as shown in Figure 2, and utilizes in the test sample box and isolate the entrant sound window and organize solution to isolate to place the different electric conductance is bionical.Because the test sample tape has the entrant sound of isolation window, can remove the first entrant sound window 8 and the second entrant sound window 12 in the tank 7.The test sample box is positioned at the inside of two magnets up and down, and is positioned at coupling solution.Ultrasound emission probe ultrasonic waves transmitted direction is vertical with isolation entrant sound window.Fig. 2 is the structure chart of test sample box; For three kinds of bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance; The test sample box can be divided into 3 parts through isolating the entrant sound window, and first isolates entrant sound window 19 and the 4th isolates two walls of 26 whiles of entrant sound window as the test sample box.Second isolates entrant sound window 21 and the 3rd isolates entrant sound window 24 simultaneously as two walls in the test sample box, and the bionical solution of organizing of electrical conductivity is played the isolated effect of entrant sound.Ultrasound emission probe 6 is positioned at the coupling solution of tank 7; The ultrasonic parallel magnets incident of ultrasound emission probe 6 emissions is isolated entrant sound window 19, the first solution tissue 20, second through first successively and is isolated entrant sound window 21, second and organize solution the 22, the 3rd to isolate entrant sound window the 24, the 3rd to organize solution 25 and the 4th isolation entrant sound window 26.It is right that first electrode 23 and second electrode 27 are formed detecting electrode, and electrode pair adopts gold-plated copper electrode.Isolate entrant sound window 19,21,24,26 penetrance 90% or more not only can guarantee ultrasonic vertical incidence the time in the test sample box, also have the bionical effects of organizing solution to carry out independent isolating of difference that make.
Described signal detection system mainly by detecting electrode to 10 or magnetic test coil 11, and signal shielding cable and signal deteching circuit form, purpose is to realize detecting the detection of sample 9 internal induction electromotive force.The signal shielding cable comprises the signal cable 15 of right signal cable of connection electrode 14 and joint detection coil.In same set of magnetosonic electric imaging system, adopt described detecting electrode to 10 or magnetic test coil 11 as detection part, both select one of which.Adopt detecting electrode to 10 o'clock, detecting electrode to 10 with detection sample 9 between directly be connected, be the contact detection method.When adopting magnetic test coil 11, then magnetic test coil 11 is positioned at and detects near the sample 9, is non-contact detection.Simultaneously for improving the mode that detection sensitivity can adopt a plurality of magnetic test coils 11 to receive simultaneously.Detecting electrode is copper electrode or the ECG electrode and the button-shaped electrode etc. of a pair of surface gold-plating to 10, and wherein contact resistance is minimum between the copper electrode of surface gold-plating and the detection sample, and effect is best.Detecting electrode to 10 directly with detect sample 9 and link to each other, between contact resistance more little good more.Detect sample 9 for solid, detecting electrode is positioned at and the vertical arbitrary plane of transonic direction 10; When adopting the test sample box to fill the bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance when detecting sample 9, detecting electrode is made up of first electrode 23 and second electrode 27 10, and two electrodes are positioned at and the vertical bionical optional position of organizing solution of transonic direction.
Work process of the present invention is following: ultrasound-driven driving source 2 emission pumping signals are through driving cable 5 excitation ultrasound emission probes 6; Ultrasound emission probe 6 is the immersion type focusing probe; Avoiding the influence of medical Contact Coupled agent contact impedance, and reduce the lateral resolution that focal spot size can improve magnetosonic electricity formation method.The ultrasonic signal and the magnetostatic field quadrature that detects in the sample 9 of 6 emissions of ultrasound emission probe.Magnetostatic field generator 13 provides uniform magnetic field for detecting sample 9, and magnet can be selected electromagnet and permanent magnet, is the electromagnetic interference shield problem of avoiding electromagnet to cause, preferably selects permanent magnet.Synchronous triggering control module 1 control ultrasound-driven driving source 2 and ultrasonic scanning system 3, ultrasound emission probe 6 detect sample by ultrasonic scanning support 46 pairs of drive ultrasound emission probes and scan under the effect of synchronous triggering control module 1.Ultrasound emission probe 6, detect sample 9, detecting electrode to 10, detecting electrode 11 is positioned at tank 7, the coupling solution are pure deionized water or insulating oil in the tank 7.For reducing ultrasound emission probe 6 and detecting the interference between the sample 9, when detection sample 9 was solid sample, the installation first entrant sound window 8 and 12, two lens windows of the second entrant sound window were isolated into independently three spaces to tank in tank.For reduce detecting sample 9 and detecting electrode to the contact impedance between 10, except that adopting traditional ECG electrode or button-shaped electrode, the metallic copper of apparatus of the present invention employing surface gold-plating is as electrode.When detecting sample 9 and organize solution for the different electric conductance is bionical, the bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance is put in the test sample box shown in Figure 2.For example select the bionical tissue of 3 kinds of different electric conductances, three kinds of bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance are isolated placement respectively through isolating the entrant sound window in the test sample box, can remove the first entrant sound window 8 and the second entrant sound window 12 during detection.The test sample box is positioned at the position that tank detects sample 9.The direction of arrow shown in Figure 2 is ultrasonic direction, and ultrasonic direction is parallel with magnet, and is positioned at tank coupling solution.Ultrasound emission probe 6 emissions ultrasonic transmits successively isolates entrant sound window 19, the first solution tissue 20, second through first and isolates window 21, second and organize solution the 22, the 3rd to isolate entrant sound window the 24, the 3rd to organize solution 25, the 4th isolation entrant sound window 26; It is right that first electrode 23 and second electrode 27 are formed detecting electrode, and electrode adopts gold-plated copper electrode equally.Detecting electrode is carried out the amplification and the filtering of signal through the right signal cable 14 of connection electrode to the received signal by signal deteching circuit 16; 17 pairs of acquired signal of process data acquisition and processing (DAP) circuit are handled and are carried out waveform through host computer 18 and show then, through image reconstruction algorithm three kinds of bionical electrical conductivity of solution of organizing of electrical conductivity are rebuild at last.
Image reconstruction algorithm of the present invention divides three steps; At first ultrasound emission probe 6 being passed the time discrete that detects sample 9 is n the moment; Correspondence will rebuild that subregion is discrete to be n point, and wherein n is a positive integer, the reconstruction precision of value correspondence reconstructed image; N equals ultrasonic transmission path in detecting sample divided by time step generally speaking, and time step is determined by sample rate.The equivalent electric field source E ' that equals " equivalent source region " according to the induction electromotive force ξ (t) that measures (x.t)=space integral of V (x.t) * B0 and J1A dot product.Lower limit of integral is first spatial point, and upper limit of integral is the corresponding position of wavefront of sound wave, along with the moment of sonic propagation is different and different.Be reduced to the equivalent electric field source of first point and the dot product of J1A (x1) in first space integral that induction electromotive force ξ (t1) is corresponding constantly; The equivalent electric field source of first point can be by this at this Particle Vibration Velocity V (x1 constantly; T1), magnetostatic field B0 confirms, reconstructs the current density, J 1A (x1) of first point thus.Then that the induction electromotive force ξ (t2) in second moment is corresponding space integral turns on first spatial point (x1.t2) (x1.t2) stack of J1A (x1) of E ' on J1A (x1) and first spatial point of E ', thus can be by the current density, J 1A (x1) of first point, first some current density, J 1A (x2) in second spatial point of the induction electromotive force ξ in the Particle Vibration Velocity V in second moment (x1.t2), second moment (t2) acquisition.And the like; With n constantly induction electromotive force ξ (space integral that tn is corresponding turn to before the stack of equivalent electric field source and J1A dot product on n spatial point; Can be by current density, J 1A (xi), preceding n-1 point of preceding n-1 point at n Particle Vibration Velocity V (xi.tn) and n current density, J 1A (xn) that puts of the induction electromotive force ξ (tn) in n moment acquisition (i=1 here constantly;, n).So far, obtain to rebuild the electric current density information of subregion Ω s.The rotary ultrasonic probe; According to the induction electromotive force waveform that records; Repeat preceding two steps, obtain the electric current density information in the reconstruction regions Ω at last, combine magnetosonic imaging reconstruction algorithm by the electric current density information that obtains; Adopt magnetic quasistatic approximation mode, just can detect the electrical conductivity reconstructed image of sample 7.N representes to detect in the sample ultrasound-transmissive path and hinders according to discrete the counting of temporal information in the above-mentioned formula, and ξ (t) be the induction electromotive force in magnetostatic field and ultrasonic combined effect zone " equivalent source region ", E ' (x.t)=V (x.t) * B0 is the electric field source of magnetostatic field and ultrasonic combined effect regional " equivalent source region "; J1A electric current density in " equivalent source region " when feeding the 1A electric current, ξ (t1) is first constantly the induction electromotive force, the electric current density in " equivalent source region " when J1A (x1) is first constantly the feeding 1A electric current; V (x1; T1) be the Particle Vibration Velocity in first moment, J1A (x1) is the reconstruction electric current density in first moment, and ξ (t2) is the induction electromotive force in second moment; V (x1.t2) is the Particle Vibration Velocity of first o'clock second moment; J1A (x2) is the electric current density of second spatial point, and ξ (tn) is a n induction electromotive force constantly, and J1A (xn) is the electric current density of n point; Ω s is the zone on the ultrasound-transmissive path, and Ω is for detecting the zone of sample.
Claims (7)
1. a magnetosonic electric imaging system is characterized in that, described magnetosonic electric imaging system comprises driving source, synchronous triggering control module (1), tank (7), 3-D scanning platform and signal detection system; Described driving source produces induction electromotive force in detecting sample; Synchronous triggering control module (1) realizes the synchronous and control to driving source, 3-D scanning controlling platform and signal detection system; Fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution in the tank; The 3-D scanning of 3-D scanning Platform Implementation ultrasound emission probe; Signal detection system is realized the detection of ultra-weak electronic signal; Under the control of synchronous triggering control module (1), described driving source produces induction electromotive force in detecting sample.
2. magnetosonic electric imaging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described driving source is popped one's head in (6) by ultrasound-driven driving source (2), ultrasound emission and magnetostatic field generator (13) is formed; Described magnetostatic field generator (13) is made up of two co-axial permanent magnets or a pair of co-axial electromagnet, in detecting sample, forms the uniform magnetic field that has only Z axle component; Described ultrasound-driven driving source (2) is made up of signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit; Signal generating circuit produces pulse signal or burst signal; Amplify the back through power amplifier and pass to ultrasound emission probe (6) by the ultrasound-driven cable, ultrasound emission probe (6) produces pulse excitation and two kinds of ultrasonic action signals of burst; Described ultrasound-driven driving source (2) is connected through the ultrasound-driven cable with ultrasound emission probe (6); Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field generator (13) lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample (9), and are positioned at outside described uncoupling plasma water or the insulating oil solution.
3. magnetosonic electric imaging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that uncoupling plasma water or the insulating oil solution in the described tank (7) covers sample to be detected (9) and ultrasound emission probe (6) fully; When detection sample (9) is solid sample, two entrant sound windows (8,12) are installed in the described tank (7), two entrant sound windows (8,12) lay respectively at the both sides of detecting sample (9) on the ultrasound-transmissive direction; Ultrasound emission probe (6) ultrasonic waves transmitted direction is vertical with the entrant sound window.
4. magnetosonic electric imaging system according to claim 1; When it is characterized in that described detection sample (9) is organized solution for the different electric conductance is bionical; The bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance is placed in the test sample box, through isolating entrant sound window (19,21; 24,26) the bionical solution of organizing of different electric conductance is isolated; The test sample box is positioned at the inside of two magnets up and down, and is positioned at the coupling solution of tank (7); Ultrasound emission probe (6) ultrasonic waves transmitted direction and described isolation entrant sound window (19,21,24,26) are vertical.
First isolates entrant sound window (19) and the 4th isolation entrant sound window (26) also as two walls of test sample box.
5. magnetosonic electric imaging system according to claim 1 is characterized in that described detecting electrode is the copper electrode of surface gold-plating to (10).
6. an application rights requires the formation method of 1 described magnetosonic electric imaging system; It is characterized in that described image reconstruction algorithm is the principle according to reciprocal theorem; Utilize ultrasonic transmission means in detecting sample, realize the accurate location in sound source and magnetostatic field combined effect zone; And utilize the time method of going forward one by one, obtain each electric current density constantly progressively ladderingly, thereby obtain the electric current density information of whole acoustic wave propagation path.
7. formation method according to claim 6; The reconstruction procedures that it is characterized in that described image reconstruction algorithm was divided into for three steps; At first with the ultrasonic signal of ultrasound emission probe emission pass detect sample time discrete be n correspondence will rebuild that subregion is discrete to be n point constantly, begin to pursue the moment through the time mode of going forward one by one constantly from first then and find the solution induction electromotive force and Particle Vibration Velocity; Obtain each electric current density information constantly through each induction electromotive force and Particle Vibration Velocity constantly at last; Thereby obtain the electric current density information on the ultrasound-transmissive path,, obtain the electric current density information of whole detection sample in conjunction with the 3-D scanning of ultrasound emission probe; Thereby obtain to detect the electric current density image of sample, wherein the n value is a positive integer.
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