CN108969012B - Method and system for synchronous detection of magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic - Google Patents
Method and system for synchronous detection of magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A method and a system for synchronous detection of magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic comprise: obtaining biological tissues or establishing a biological tissue phantom model; exciting a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model to generate a magnetoacoustic signal; analyzing time-frequency characteristics of the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting a short-time Fourier transform method, obtaining and storing a magnetoacoustic signal characteristic matrix according to the time-frequency characteristics, and extracting the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting a wavelet transform method; synchronously exciting a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model to generate a magnetoacoustic signal and an ultrasonic echo signal; the magnetic signal is enhanced and the white Gaussian noise in the magnetic signal is weakened by utilizing the highly correlated characteristic of the magnetic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal, so that the magnetic signal with high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained. The invention realizes that the magnetoacoustic signal is enhanced by utilizing the characteristic correlation between the pulse signal generated by the ultrasonic system and the magnetoacoustic signal in magnetoacoustic imaging, thereby improving the detection signal-to-noise ratio and improving the magnetoacoustic coupling conductivity imaging quality.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for detecting medical image signals. In particular to a method and a system for synchronously detecting magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic.
Background
The ultrasonic imaging of biological tissues is widely applied to medical diagnosis at present, has the advantages of safety, convenience, no damage, no radiation, low price and the like compared with other imaging modes widely applied in clinic, and can carry out high-resolution imaging on anatomical structures of biological tissues. However, the difference between the acoustic impedance of some diseased tissues and that of normal tissues is small, so that the boundary between the ultrasonic imaging result and the normal tissues is difficult to distinguish, and the application of the ultrasonic in disease diagnosis is limited to a certain extent. For accurate diagnosis, ultrasound imaging is often used in combination with radiological diagnostic modalities such as X-ray film, CT or MRI in clinical diagnosis, so that doctors can diagnose diseases more accurately.
The magnetoacoustic coupling imaging is a novel medical imaging method appearing in recent years, and is a technology for exciting sound waves to be detected by the outside to further perform conductivity functional imaging on tissues by coupling Lorentz force generated under the electromagnetic action based on the electromagnetic acoustic coupling principle. The purpose is to detect changes in electrical properties (conductivity) before changes in tissue density occur, thereby providing a data reference for early diagnosis of disease, particularly tumors. In magnetoacoustic imaging, a magnetic field, induced eddy current and sound pressure are functions of time and space, and according to an electromechanical coupling mechanism of an electric field and magnetic field sound field in biological tissues, sound pressure distribution is represented by the following wave equation:
wherein c issIs the speed at which sound propagates in the tissue,
is the spatial-temporal distribution of the sound pressure field,
is the density of the induced eddy currents and,
is any point in the unbounded space,
is a source of acoustic vibrations. It can be derived from the above mentioned wave equation that for an imaged tissue with a certain conductivity distribution, given a constant magnetic field and excitation voltage, the sound source distribution is related to the conductivity distribution of the tissue, which in turn is propagated to obtain a sound pressure distribution, which is related to the detected ultrasound signal. Therefore, the distribution of the electrical conductivity inside the biological tissue can be imaged by detecting the ultrasonic signal in vitro by using the acoustic transducer.
Because the internal conductivity of the biological tissue is relatively small, the conversion efficiency of electromagnetic energy and acoustic energy is low, the high-frequency attenuation on a propagation path is strong and other influence factors, the amplitude of a detected magnetoacoustic signal is weak, the signal-to-noise ratio is extremely low, the imaging resolution ratio is poor, the number of artifacts is large, only boundary imaging can be carried out on the change of the conductivity at present, and quantitative imaging on the conductivity cannot be realized. Therefore, the improvement of the strength of the magnetoacoustic signal and the improvement of the imaging quality are all problems to be solved urgently at present.
Because the magnetoacoustic system also needs to use an ultrasonic detection device for signal reception, if synchronous detection imaging of ultrasound and magnetoacoustic can be realized, high-resolution structural imaging can be provided, high-resolution and high-contrast tissue electrical characteristic imaging can be provided on the basis of structural information, and more bases can be provided for clinical diagnosis.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection method and a detection system capable of improving magnetoacoustic coupling conductivity imaging quality.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a method for synchronously detecting magnetoacoustic waves and ultrasonic waves comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining biological tissues or establishing a biological tissue phantom model;
2) exciting a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model to generate a magnetoacoustic signal;
3) analyzing time-frequency characteristics of the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting a short-time Fourier transform method, obtaining and storing a magnetoacoustic signal characteristic matrix according to the time-frequency characteristics, and extracting the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting a wavelet transform method;
4) synchronously exciting a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model to generate a magnetoacoustic signal and an ultrasonic echo signal;
5) the magnetic signal is enhanced and the white Gaussian noise in the magnetic signal is weakened by utilizing the highly correlated characteristic of the magnetic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal, so that the magnetic signal with high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained.
And 3) obtaining a time-frequency characteristic diagram by adopting a short-time Fourier transform method, finding out the position and the occurrence moment of the energy concentration of the magnetoacoustic signal from the time-frequency characteristic diagram, and filtering high-frequency noise in the magnetoacoustic signal to obtain a characteristic matrix of the magnetoacoustic signal.
And 3) extracting the main components of the magnetoacoustic signals, namely determining wavelet basis functions of the magnetoacoustic signals by using the characteristic matrix of the magnetoacoustic signals, decomposing the magnetoacoustic signals by using the wavelet basis functions, obtaining the highest frequency components of the magnetoacoustic signals and storing the highest frequency components.
Step 4) exciting the biological tissue or the biological tissue phantom model by utilizing the synchronous trigger to generate the magnetoacoustic signal p againreceive(r, t), simultaneously adding an ultrasonic excitation signal u (r, t) which is strongly related to the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signal obtained in the step 3), acting on the biological tissue or the biological tissue phantom model, and enabling the biological tissue or the biological tissue phantom model to generate an ultrasonic echo signal ureceive(r, t), the ultrasonic transducer respectively receiving the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal.
And step 5) obtaining the following result according to the highly correlated characteristics of the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal:
UP is the correlation of the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal, ureceive(r, t) is the ultrasonic echo signal received at r position and t time, preceiveAnd (r, t + tau) is a magnetoacoustic signal at the r position and the t + tau, and the magnetoacoustic signal in the interval of which the correlation UP between the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal is greater than 90 percent is an enhanced magnetoacoustic signal with high signal-to-noise ratio.
A detection device for a magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection method comprises a signal processing and image reconstruction workstation, a signal and image display device connected with the output end of the signal processing and image reconstruction workstation, a high-frequency high-voltage excitation source, a synchronous trigger, an ultrasonic pulse transceiver, a differential amplifier, an ultrasonic transducer and a magnetoacoustic imaging experiment water tank, wherein two Helmholtz coils are arranged in the magnetoacoustic imaging experiment water tank in parallel, a biological tissue or biological tissue phantom is placed between the two Helmholtz coils, the output end of the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source is respectively connected with the two Helmholtz coils, the output end of the synchronous trigger is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source and the ultrasonic pulse transceiver, and the transmitting end and the receiving end of the ultrasonic pulse transceiver are connected with the ultrasonic transducer, the signal output end of the ultrasonic pulse transceiver is connected with the signal processing and image reconstruction workstation through the differential amplifier, and the ultrasonic transducer is positioned in the magnetic acoustic imaging experiment water tank and used for collecting magnetic acoustic signals and ultrasonic echo signals of biological tissues or a biological tissue phantom model.
The high-frequency high-voltage excitation source comprises a function generator and a power amplifier connected to the output end of the function generator, the input end of the function generator is connected with the output end of the synchronous trigger, and the power output end of the power amplifier is respectively connected with the two Helmholtz coils.
According to the magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection method and the detection system, the characteristic correlation between the pulse signal generated by the ultrasonic system and the magnetoacoustic signal is utilized in magnetoacoustic imaging by comparing the obvious correlation between the ultrasonic signal and the magnetoacoustic signal, so that the magnetoacoustic signal is enhanced, the signal to noise ratio of detection is further improved, and a set of tissue conductivity information detection and reconstruction method under magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection is established on the basis, so that the magnetoacoustic coupling conductivity imaging quality is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of simultaneous magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic detection of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a detection system for a method of simultaneous magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic detection of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a timing diagram of the execution of a method for simultaneous magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic detection according to the present invention.
In the drawings
1: high-frequency high-voltage excitation source 2: synchronous trigger
3: the ultrasonic pulse transceiver 4: differential amplifier
5: signal processing and image reconstruction workstation 6: signal and image display apparatus
7: the ultrasonic transducer 8: helmholtz coil
9: magnetoacoustic imaging experiment water tank 10: biological tissue or biological tissue phantom
Detailed Description
The following describes a method and a system for simultaneous magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic detection according to the present invention in detail with reference to the following embodiments and accompanying drawings.
As shown in FIG. 1, the method for synchronously detecting magnetoacoustic waves and ultrasonic waves of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) obtaining biological tissues or establishing a biological tissue phantom model;
2) exciting a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model to generate a magnetoacoustic signal;
3) analyzing time-frequency characteristics of the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting a short-time Fourier transform method, obtaining and storing a magnetoacoustic signal characteristic matrix according to the time-frequency characteristics, and extracting the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting a wavelet transform method;
specifically, a time-frequency characteristic diagram is obtained by adopting a short-time Fourier transform method, the position where the energy of the magnetoacoustic signal is concentrated and the occurrence time are found from the time-frequency characteristic diagram, and high-frequency noise in the magnetoacoustic signal is filtered to obtain a characteristic matrix of the magnetoacoustic signal.
The extraction of the main components of the magnetoacoustic signals is to determine wavelet basis functions of the magnetoacoustic signals by using the characteristic matrix of the magnetoacoustic signals, decompose the magnetoacoustic signals by using the wavelet basis functions, obtain and store the highest frequency components of the magnetoacoustic signals.
4) Synchronously exciting a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model to generate a magnetoacoustic signal and an ultrasonic echo signal; uses synchronous trigger to excite biological tissue or biological tissue imitation model to produce magnetoacoustic signal p againreceive(r, t), simultaneously adding an ultrasonic excitation signal u (r, t) which is strongly related to the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signal obtained in the step 3), acting on the biological tissue or the biological tissue phantom model, and enabling the biological tissue or the biological tissue phantom model to generate an ultrasonic echo signal ureceive(r, t), the ultrasonic transducer respectively receiving the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal.
5) The magnetic signal is enhanced and the white Gaussian noise in the magnetic signal is weakened by utilizing the highly correlated characteristic of the magnetic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal, so that the magnetic signal with high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained. The method is obtained according to the highly correlated characteristics of the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal:
UP is the correlation of the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal, ureceive(r, t) is the ultrasonic echo signal received at r position and t time, preceiveAnd (r, t + tau) is a magnetoacoustic signal at the r position and the t + tau, and the magnetoacoustic signal in the interval of which the correlation UP between the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal is greater than 90 percent is an enhanced magnetoacoustic signal with high signal-to-noise ratio.
As shown in fig. 2, the detection device for the magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection method of the present invention includes a signal processing and image reconstruction workstation 5, and a signal and image display device 6 connected to an output terminal of the signal processing and image reconstruction workstation 5, and further includes a high-frequency high-voltage excitation source 1, a synchronous trigger 2, an ultrasonic pulse transceiver 3, a differential amplifier 4, an ultrasonic transducer 7, and a magnetoacoustic imaging experimental water tank 9, wherein the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source 1 includes a function generator and a power amplifier connected to an output terminal of the function generator, an input terminal of the function generator is connected to an output terminal of the synchronous trigger 2, and power output terminals of the power amplifier are respectively connected to the two helmholtz coils 8.
Two Helmholtz coils 8 are arranged in parallel in the magnetic acoustic imaging experiment water tank 9, a biological tissue or biological tissue phantom model 10 is placed between the two Helmholtz coils 8, the output end of the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source 1 is respectively connected with the two Helmholtz coils 8, the output end of the synchronous trigger 2 is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source 1 and the ultrasonic pulse transceiver 3, the transmitting and receiving ends of the ultrasonic pulse transceiver 3 are connected with the ultrasonic transducer 7, the signal output end of the ultrasonic pulse transceiver 3 is connected with the signal processing and image reconstruction workstation 5 through the differential amplifier 4, the ultrasonic transducer 7 is positioned in the magnetic acoustic imaging experiment water tank 9 and is used for acquiring magnetic acoustic signals and ultrasonic echo signals of biological tissues or a biological tissue phantom model 10.
The detection device for the magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection method has the working mode that: the synchronous signal sent by the synchronous trigger enables a high-frequency high-voltage excitation source and an ultrasonic pulse transceiver to simultaneously generate excitation signals with strong correlation, then an ultrasonic transducer is used for receiving magnetic acoustic signals and ultrasonic echo signals generated in a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model, the obtained magnetic acoustic signals are received by the ultrasonic pulse transceiver, and after the magnetic acoustic signals are amplified by a differential amplifier, the ultrasonic signals acquired at all positions are transmitted to a signal processing and image reconstruction workstation.
Specific examples are given below (in this example, the experiment was performed using a biological tissue phantom as a test object):
in the detection device of the embodiment, the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source is a combination of a function generator with the model of AFG3011 and a power amplifier with the model of RF500, the synchronous trigger is a function generator with the model of DG535, the ultrasonic pulse transceiver 3 is a function generator with the model of 5072R, the differential amplifier is a function generator with the model of 5660B, the ultrasonic transducer is a transducer with the model of V303, and the signal processing and image reconstruction workstation is a computer. The specific work is as follows:
(1) the synchronous trigger outputs a trigger signal to the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source to enable the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source to output 1MHz electromagnetic single pulse excitation, and simultaneously outputs a synchronous signal to the ultrasonic pulse generator to enable the ultrasonic pulse generator to synchronously emit ultrasonic pulses, wherein the interval between the synchronous signal and the next synchronous signal is a signal acquisition period.
(2) And applying pulse ultrasonic excitation to the Helmholtz coil, wherein the pulse excitation is generated by a high-frequency high-voltage pulse excitation source and is used for exciting the bionic model of the biological tissue to be detected to generate a magnetoacoustic signal.
(3) A pulsed ultrasonic excitation is applied to the ultrasonic transducer, the pulsed ultrasonic excitation being controlled by an ultrasonic pulse transceiver. The ultrasonic transducer is placed in a magnetic acoustic imaging experiment water tank, and under the action of a pulse excitation signal, the ultrasonic transducer generates ultrasonic waves which are transmitted and emitted in tissues.
(4) The ultrasonic transducer receives a magnetoacoustic signal generated by magnetoacoustic excitation and an ultrasonic echo signal generated by reflection of a bionic model of biological tissues to be detected, and due to 2 times of wave path difference, the magnetoacoustic signal transmitted from the same part is firstly acquired in a signal acquisition period, and then the ultrasonic echo signal is received, and the intensity and the phase of the signal can be used for subsequent signal processing and image reconstruction.
(5) The ultrasonic pulse transceiver collects magnetoacoustic signals and ultrasonic echo signals received by the ultrasonic transducer to complete signal collection in one period, and the signals are transmitted to a data processing and image reconstruction workstation after passing through the differential amplifier.
(6) And (3) moving the position of the ultrasonic transducer point by point according to a scanning mode, repeating the steps (1) to (5) at a certain repetition frequency, and obtaining ultrasonic echo signals and magnetic acoustic signals of all positions of the biological tissue phantom model to be detected.
(7) After the ultrasonic echo signal and the magnetoacoustic signal at each position are obtained, the two signals can be distinguished from each other on the time scale, the signals are processed and analyzed according to the method flow shown in fig. 2, the time-frequency characteristic of the magnetoacoustic signal is analyzed by using a short-time Fourier transform method, the characteristics of the magnetoacoustic signal are found, the position where the energy of the magnetoacoustic signal is concentrated and the occurrence time can be found from a time-frequency characteristic diagram, high-frequency noise is filtered, the characteristic matrix of the magnetoacoustic signal is obtained, and the method can be used for selection of subsequent ultrasonic pulse excitation and realization of a cross-correlation algorithm. And then extracting signal characteristics by adopting a wavelet transform method, and decomposing the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting different wavelet basis functions to obtain the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signals.
Although the preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments, which are merely illustrative and not restrictive.
Those skilled in the art, having the benefit of this disclosure, may effect numerous modifications thereto without departing from the scope and spirit of the invention as set forth in the claims that follow.
Claims (7)
1. A method for synchronously detecting magnetoacoustic waves and ultrasonic waves is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) obtaining biological tissues or establishing a biological tissue phantom model;
2) exciting a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model to generate a magnetoacoustic signal;
3) analyzing time-frequency characteristics of the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting a short-time Fourier transform method, obtaining and storing a magnetoacoustic signal characteristic matrix according to the time-frequency characteristics, and extracting the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signals by adopting a wavelet transform method;
4) synchronously exciting a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model to generate a magnetoacoustic signal and an ultrasonic echo signal;
5) the magnetic signal is enhanced and the white Gaussian noise in the magnetic signal is weakened by utilizing the highly correlated characteristic of the magnetic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal, so that the magnetic signal with high signal-to-noise ratio is obtained.
2. The magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection method according to claim 1, wherein step 3) uses a short-time fourier transform method to obtain a time-frequency characteristic diagram, finds the position and the occurrence time of the energy concentration of the magnetoacoustic signal from the time-frequency characteristic diagram, and filters high-frequency noise in the magnetoacoustic signal to obtain the characteristic matrix of the magnetoacoustic signal.
3. The method for synchronously detecting magnetoacoustic signals and ultrasonic waves as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step 3) of extracting the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signals is to determine a wavelet basis function of the magnetoacoustic signals by using a feature matrix of the magnetoacoustic signals, decompose the magnetoacoustic signals by using the wavelet basis function, obtain the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signals, and store the component.
4. A simultaneous magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic testing according to claim 1The method is characterized in that the step 4) is to excite the biological tissue or the biological tissue phantom model by utilizing the synchronous trigger to generate the magnetoacoustic signal p againreceive(r, t), simultaneously adding an ultrasonic excitation signal u (r, t) which is strongly related to the highest frequency component of the magnetoacoustic signal obtained in the step 3), acting on the biological tissue or the biological tissue phantom model, and enabling the biological tissue or the biological tissue phantom model to generate an ultrasonic echo signal ureceive(r, t), the ultrasonic transducer receives the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal, respectively.
5. The method for detecting magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronously according to claim 1, wherein the step 5) is derived from the highly correlated characteristics of the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal:
UP is the correlation of the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal, ureceive(r, t) is the ultrasonic echo signal received at r position and t time, preceiveAnd (r, t + tau) is a magnetoacoustic signal at the r position and the t + tau, and the magnetoacoustic signal in the interval of which the correlation UP between the magnetoacoustic signal and the ultrasonic echo signal is greater than 90 percent is an enhanced magnetoacoustic signal with high signal-to-noise ratio.
6. A detection device for the magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection method according to claim 1, comprising a signal processing and image reconstruction workstation (5) and a signal and image display device (6) connected to an output end of the signal processing and image reconstruction workstation (5), wherein a high-frequency high-voltage excitation source (1), a synchronous trigger (2), an ultrasonic pulse transceiver (3), a differential amplifier (4), an ultrasonic transducer (7) and a magnetoacoustic imaging experiment water tank (9) are further provided, wherein two Helmholtz coils (8) are arranged in parallel in the magnetoacoustic imaging experiment water tank (9), a biological tissue or a biological tissue phantom model (10) is placed between the two Helmholtz coils (8), an output end of the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source (1) is respectively connected with the two Helmholtz coils (8), the output end of the synchronous trigger (2) is respectively connected with the signal input ends of the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source (1) and the ultrasonic pulse transceiver (3), the transmitting end and the receiving end of the ultrasonic pulse transceiver (3) are connected with the ultrasonic transducer (7), the signal output end of the ultrasonic pulse transceiver (3) is connected with the signal processing and image reconstruction workstation (5) through the differential amplifier (4), and the ultrasonic transducer (7) is positioned in the magnetic acoustic imaging experiment water tank (9) and used for collecting magnetic acoustic signals and ultrasonic echo signals of biological tissues or a biological tissue phantom model (10).
7. The detecting device for the magnetoacoustic and ultrasonic synchronous detection method according to claim 6, wherein the high-frequency high-voltage excitation source (1) comprises a function generator and a power amplifier connected to the output end of the function generator, the input end of the function generator is connected to the output end of the synchronous trigger (2), and the power output end of the power amplifier is respectively connected to the two Helmholtz coils (8).
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