CN102805621B - Magnetic, acoustic and electric imaging system and imaging method - Google Patents
Magnetic, acoustic and electric imaging system and imaging method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a magnetic, acoustic and electric imaging system and an imaging method. The system comprises an excitation source, a synchronization trigger control module (1), a water tank (7), a three-dimensional scanning platform and a signal detection system; the excitation source produces induced electromotive force in a sample to be detected; the synchronization trigger control module (1) synchronizes and controls the excitation source, the three-dimensional scanning platform and the signal detection system; decoupling plasma water or an insulation oil solution is accommodated in the water tank; the three-dimensional scanning of an ultrasonic transmitting probe is realized by the three-dimensional scanning platform; the signal detection system detects weak electric signals; and the excitation source is controlled by the synchronization trigger control module (1) to produce the induced electromotive force in the sample to be detected. By the transmission mode of ultrasonic waves in the sample to be detected, the combined action area of an acoustic source and a static magnetic field can be accurately positioned, and the electric current density of every moment is acquired by a gradual progressive mode by a time progressive method, so that the information of the electric current density of the whole acoustic wave spreading path can be acquired.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of electric impedance imaging system and method, be specifically related to a kind of electric impedance imaging system device and method of medical magnetic acoustic-electric.
Background technology
The imaging of magnetosonic electricity is a kind of novel medical imaging method with applications well prospect, and its imaging characteristics has high resolution and high-contrast concurrently.Its image-forming principle is that a branch of ultrasound wave is injected to imaging body, local ion in imaging body is vibrated with hyperacoustic propagation, the ion of vibration is subject to Lorentz force effect and causes separation of charge under the effect of magnetostatic field, and then in imaging body, form local electric field, by being placed with the collecting electrode in imaging body or detecting signal of telecommunication reconstruct electrical impedance images with the non-contacting receiving coil of imaging body, belong to a kind of novel electrical impedance imaging.1997, the people such as Han Wen proposed the concept of Hall effect imaging, and one-dimensional model, and the simple experiment equipment that utilizes conventional ultrasound probe and scale copper to build, does not receive publicity at the beginning of proposition.Until 2007, the people such as Y.Xu, S Haider, on the basis proposing in Han Wen concept, the magnetosonic electricity imaging of proposition based on reciprocal theorem, experiment still adopts one dimension copper sheet sample, utilize electrode pair to measure, and derive simple relation formula between measuring voltage and sound field and electromagnetic field according to reciprocal theorem, aspect the configuration of system, do not mentioning.The present invention describes and is not only applicable to one dimension simple sample but also be applicable to 3 D complex sample and bionical tissue or in vitro zooperal system from system perspective.
The technology combining with ultra sonic imaging as a kind of novel electrical impedance imaging, the imaging of magnetosonic electricity is compared with traditional Review of Electrical Impedance Tomography, has advantages of as follows:
(1) traditional electrical impedance imaging, by electrode extra electric field, due to the propagation attenuation of electric field in biological tissue, affects investigation depth and sensitivity.And the imaging of magnetosonic electricity adopts the electric field of ultrasonic action and magnetic Field Coupling generation as driving source, from made up investigation depth and the low shortcoming of sensitivity of traditional electrical impedance imaging at all.
(2) magnetosonic electricity imaging technique is interacting at the ion in biological tissue and produces local current source with ultrasonic scanning and magnetostatic field, this configuration has reduced the contact impedance between skin and electrode, has avoided to a certain extent because contact impedance between electrode is uneven and parasitic capacitance exists the influence of noise bringing.
(3) because magnetosonic electricity formation method relates to ultrasonic technique, be convenient to and multiple ultrasonic technique grafting, as linear scanning, mutually battle array survey, the ultrasonic echo method of Doppler effect etc.In addition, compare with ultrasonic echo method, the ultrasonic sound path of magnetosonic method for electrically is a times of ultrasonic echo method, therefore, ultrasonicly in tissue, can penetrate deeplyer, and loss is lower, is beneficial to and improves contrast and signal to noise ratio.
(4) magnetosonic method for electrically is because local current only produces in ultrasonic pulse place the image that high spatial resolution can be provided, and longitudinal resolution information can be easily by ultrasonic pulse velocity encoded cine.And can control easily cross section resolution by the hyperacoustic focal spot size of gated sweep, by controlling hyperacoustic pulse width, wavelength, can control easily axial resolution.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to overcome magnetosonic electricity imaging signal and disturb the shortcomings such as large, signal to noise ratio is low, propose a kind of new bio electrical impedance imaging and ultrasonic magnetosonic electricity imaging device and the formation method based on velocity of sound coding combining.
The present invention is by the following technical solutions:
Magnetosonic electric imaging system of the present invention mainly comprises driving source, synchronous trigger control module, tank, three dimensional scanning platform and signal detection system.Driving source is mainly comprised of ultrasound-driven driving source, ultrasound emission probe and magnetostatic field generator, and its function is to produce induction electromotive force in detecting sample.Synchronous trigger control module is mainly comprised of signal generating circuit, realizes driving source, 3-D scanning are controlled the synchronous of platform and signal detection system and controlled.Tank is mainly comprised of tank itself, coupling plasma water or insulating oil solution, detection sample and entrant sound window, in tank, fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution, object is to reduce the attenuation loss of ultrasonic transmission, and isolation is to detecting the interference of acoustical signal.Three dimensional scanning platform comprises three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket and ultrasonic scanning controller, 3-D scanning rack body is positioned at outside tank, by connecting rod, connect ultrasound emission and pop one's head in, ultrasonic scanning controller is controlled motion step-length, the direction of motion and the motion frequency of 3-D scanning support.Signal detection system is mainly comprised of, magnetic test coil and signal deteching circuit detecting electrode, and its effect is the detection that realizes ultra-weak electronic signal.
Between described synchronous trigger control module and described ultrasound-driven driving source, 3-D scanning controller, signal detection system, by wire, be electrically connected to.For avoiding electromagnetic interference, ultrasound-driven driving source and synchronous trigger control module are preferably positioned over a side of tank, and signal detection system is positioned at the opposite side of tank.
Described driving source mainly comprises magnetostatic field generator, ultrasound-driven driving source and ultrasound emission probe.Described magnetostatic field generator for forming the uniform magnetic field that only has Z axis component in detecting sample.It is comprised of two coaxial permanent magnets, can be also a pair of coaxial electromagnet.Two coaxial permanent magnets can be square can be also circular, electromagnet is generally circular.Described ultrasound-driven driving source produces pulse excitation and two kinds of ultrasonic action signals of burst.Ultrasound-driven driving source is mainly comprised of signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit, and signal generating circuit produces pulse signal or burst signal, passes to ultrasound emission pop one's head in after power amplifier amplifies by ultrasound-driven cable.Described ultrasound emission probe is commercially available one pole source immersion type ultrasonic transducer, it with ultrasound-driven driving source between by ultrasound-driven cable, be connected, during work, ultrasound emission is popped one's head in and is positioned at tank, by bolt, is connected with three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket.Under the control of ultrasonic scanning controller, ultrasonic scanner drives ultrasound emission probe to scan, for guaranteeing ultrasound emission scanning probe, constantly synchronize with signal detection system and ultrasound-driven driving source, ultrasonic scanning controller needs the control of synchronous trigger control module, connects between the two by wire.Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field scanning means lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample, and are positioned at outside the uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution of tank.
Described synchronous trigger control module can directly produce the synchronous square-wave signal with certain dutycycle of 4 road same frequency by signal generator, also can, based on labview, create the Control & data acquisition integral system based on real-time technique.
In described tank, fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution, in tank, uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution cover detected sample and ultrasound emission probe completely.Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field scanning means lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample, and are positioned at outside uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution.For avoiding the impact on measurement result of echo acoustical signal that ultrasonic tank border causes, the sink size that is parallel to ultrasonic emitting direction wants enough large, for example, when the ultrasonic repetition rate of ultrasound emission probe transmitting is 20KHz, suppose that the spread speed of ultrasound wave in tank solution is 1500m/s, tank length should be greater than 75cm.Entrant sound window is installed in described tank.When detection sample is solid sample, two entrant sound windows lay respectively at the both sides of detecting sample in ultrasound-transmissive direction, and the ultrasound wave direction of ultrasound emission probe transmitting is vertical with entrant sound window.When utilizing the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity when detecting sample, the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity is placed in test sample box, and the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity can hold by isolation entrant sound window independent isolating., because test sample tape has isolation entrant sound window, in tank, independently two entrant sound windows can be removed.Test sample box is positioned at the inside of upper and lower two magnets, and is positioned at coupling solution, wherein isolates entrant sound window and organizes its buffer action between solution to difference is bionical, can guarantee again ultrasonic more than 90% penetrance.
Described signal detection system mainly by detecting electrode to forming with signal deteching circuit, its effect is the detection that realize to detect sample internal induction electromotive force.Also can adopt magnetic test coil to substitute detecting electrode pair, same set of magnetosonic electric imaging system can adopt described detecting electrode to or magnetic test coil.Adopt detecting electrode to time, detecting electrode pair is connected with detection sample, is contact measurement method.When adopting magnetic test coil, magnetic test coil only need to be positioned at and detect near sample, is non-contact detection.Detecting electrode is to being copper electrode or ECG electrode and the button-shaped electrode etc. of a pair of surface gold-plating, and wherein between the copper electrode of surface gold-plating and detection sample, contact resistance is minimum, and effect is best.Detecting electrode to directly with detect sample and be connected, between contact resistance the smaller the better.For solid, detect sample, detecting electrode is to being positioned at the arbitrary plane vertical with transonic direction; When adopting test sample box to fill the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity when detecting sample, detecting electrode is to being positioned at the bionical optional position of organizing solution vertical with transonic direction.Magnetic test coil is copper ring coil.Detecting electrode to or the signal of telecommunication that receives of magnetic test coil by signal cable successively pre-amplification circuit, filter circuit, the amplifying circuit of entering signal detection system, finally arrive data acquisition and treatment circuit, by data acquisition and treatment circuit, carry out date processing and and realize the demonstration to waveform by host computer.
Described magnetosonic electric imaging system device specific works flow process is described below:
Described ultrasound-driven driving source transmitted pulse ultrasonic action signal, pumping signal is sent to ultrasound emission by ultrasound-driven cable and pops one's head in.Ultrasound emission probe transmitting ultrasonic signal.Magnetostatic field generator produces uniform magnetic field in detecting sample.Described ultrasonic signal transmission direction is vertical with magnet axis, under impulse ultrasound and the common excitation of magnetostatic field, detect in sample due to the separated generation of positive and negative charge electromotive force, utilize the detecting electrode contacting completely with detection sample to receiving the electromotive force that detects sample, or utilize to be positioned at and detect the induction electromotive force that near the magnetic test coil of sample receives detection sample non-contactly, detecting electrode to or the signal that receives of magnetic test coil through signal cable, by the signal deteching circuit being placed on outside tank, received, through the pre-amplification circuit in signal deteching circuit, amplify, filter circuit filtering, again after amplifying circuit amplifies, through data acquisition and processing (DAP) processing of circuit, and obtain measuring-signal clearly at host computer, finally adopt image reconstruction algorithm to obtain detecting the image of sample.
Described image reconstruction algorithm is the principle according to reciprocal theorem, utilizes the ultrasonic transmission rule detecting sample, realizes the accurate location in sound source and magnetostatic field combined effect region.And in conjunction with ultrasonic transmission means in detecting sample, utilize time progressive method, obtain each electric current density constantly progressively ladderingly, thereby obtain the electric current density information of whole acoustic wave propagation path.
Reconstruction procedures specifically can be divided into three steps: by the ultrasonic signal of ultrasound emission probe transmitting, through the time discrete that detects sample, be first n the moment, it is n point that correspondence will be rebuild subregion discrete.Wherein n is positive integer, the corresponding reconstruction precision of rebuilding image of value of n, and generally n equals ultrasonic transmission path in detecting sample divided by time step, and time step is determined by sample rate.Then by the time mode of going forward one by one, from first, constantly start by constantly solving induction electromotive force and Particle Vibration Velocity, finally by each induction electromotive force and Particle Vibration Velocity constantly, obtain each electric current density information constantly, thereby obtain the electric current density information on ultrasound-transmissive path.In conjunction with the 3-D scanning of ultrasound emission probe, can obtain the electric current density information of whole detection sample, thereby obtain the electric current density image that detects sample.By electric current density, rebuild distribution of conductivity, can use for reference the maturation method of magnetosonic imaging and realize, adopt magnetic quasi-state approximate, can rebuild conductivity imaging and distribute.
Apparatus of the present invention are devices that a kind of simple and effective removal interference noise improves imaging resolution, this device utilizes magnetosonic electricity formation method to realize the impedance bioelectrical measurement to bionical tissue and in vitro animal tissue, compare with traditional electrical impedance, this device combines traditional electrical impedance contrast height and the high advantage of ultrasonic resolution, the electric signal waveform that utilizes a pair of detecting electrode or single magnetic test coil to receive in time domain can be realized the electrical conductivity of whole imaging body and rebuild, be convenient to use with conventional ultrasound technical tie-up simultaneously, especially for the very little different soft tissues of acoustic impedance difference (as muscle, fat, blood etc.), simple ultrasonic technique is difficult to identification, and in ultrasonic frequency range internal conductance rate difference over four times, therefore combine can be more effectively to biological tissue's practical function and structure imaging simultaneously for two kinds of methods, message complementary sense is beneficial to Accurate Diagnosis.
The present invention, at monitoring soft tissue lesions, has a good application prospect in the convalescent monitoring of the early discovery of cancer and disease.The system that the present invention proposes can effectively solve detection signal and disturb the problems such as excessive, signal to noise ratio is inadequate, will for clinician, provide the more early lesion diagnostic message of high-quality, for the road that bar is new is opened up in the design of lossless monitoring protecting system cheaply.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 apparatus of the present invention structural representation;
Fig. 2 test sample box structural representation.
In figure: 1 synchronous trigger control module, 2 ultrasound-driven driving sources, 3 ultrasonic scanning controllers, 4 three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket, 5 ultrasound-driven cables, 6 ultrasound emission probes, 7 tanks, 8 first entrant sound windows, 9 detect sample, 10 detecting electrodes pair, 11 magnetic test coils, 12 second entrant sound windows, 13 magnetostatic field generators, the signal cable that 14 connection electrode are right, 15 connect the signal cable of magnetic test coil, 16 signal deteching circuits, 17 data acquisitions and treatment circuit, 18 host computers, 19 first isolation entrant sound windows, 20 first solution tissues, 21 second isolation entrant sound windows, 22 second organize solution, 23 first electrodes, 24 the 3rd isolation entrant sound windows, 25 the 3rd organize solution, 26 the 4th isolation entrant sound windows, 27 second electrodes.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, further illustrate the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, magnetosonic electric imaging system of the present invention mainly comprises driving source, synchronous trigger control module 1, tank, three dimensional scanning platform and signal detection system.Driving source is mainly comprised of ultrasound-driven driving source 2 and ultrasound emission probe 6, magnetostatic field generator 13, and its function is to produce induction electromotive force in detecting sample.Synchronous trigger control module 1 is mainly comprised of signal generating circuit, realizes driving source, 3-D scanning are controlled the synchronous of platform and signal detection system and controlled.Tank mainly by tank 7 itself, coupling plasma water or insulating oil solution, detect sample 9, the first entrant sound window 8 and the second entrant sound window 12 and form, in tank 7, fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution, object is to reduce the attenuation loss of ultrasonic transmission, and isolation is to detecting the interference of acoustical signal.Three dimensional scanning platform comprises three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket 4 and ultrasonic scanning controller 3, and three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket 4 connects ultrasound emission probe 6, realizes the 3-D scanning of ultrasound emission probe 6 under the control of ultrasonic scanning controller 4.Signal detection system mainly by detecting electrode to 10, magnetic test coil 11, signal deteching circuit 16, data acquisition and treatment circuit 17 and host computer 18 form, its effect is the detection that realizes ultra-weak electronic signal.
Between synchronous trigger control module 1, ultrasound-driven driving source 2,3-D scanning controller 3, signal detection system, by wire, connect, for avoiding electromagnetic interference, ultrasound-driven driving source 2 and synchronous trigger control module 1 are preferably positioned at a side of tank 7, and signal detection system is positioned at the opposite side of tank 7.
Described driving source mainly comprises magnetostatic field generator 13, ultrasound-driven driving source 2 and ultrasound emission probe 6.Magnetostatic field generator 13 is for only having the uniform magnetic field of Z axis component in the interior formation of detection sample 9.It is comprised of two coaxial permanent magnets, can be also a pair of coaxial electromagnet that is uniformly distributed field that has.Two coaxial permanent magnets can be square can be also circular.Ultrasound-driven driving source 2 produces pulse excitation and two kinds of ultrasonic action signals of burst, ultrasound-driven driving source 2 is mainly comprised of signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit, signal generating circuit produces pulse signal or burst signal, after power amplifier amplifies, by ultrasound-driven cable, passes to ultrasound emission probe 6.Ultrasound emission probe 6 is commercially available one pole source immersion type ultrasonic transducer, it with ultrasound-driven driving source 2 between by ultrasound-driven cable 5, be connected, during work, be positioned at tank 7, by machinery, be connected with three-D ultrasonic scanning bracket 4, under the control of ultrasonic scanning controller 3, ultrasonic scanner drives ultrasound emission probe 6 to scan, for guaranteeing 6 scannings of ultrasound emission probe, constantly synchronize with signal detection system and ultrasound-driven driving source 2, ultrasonic scanning controller 3 needs the control of synchronous trigger control module 1, connects between the two by wire.Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field scanning means 13 lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample 9, and are positioned at outside uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution.
Described synchronous trigger control module 1 can directly produce the synchronous square-wave signal with certain dutycycle of 4 road same frequency by signal generator, also can, based on labview, create the Control & data acquisition integral system based on based on real-time technique.
In described tank 7, fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution, the interior uncoupling plasma water of tank 7 or insulating oil solution cover detected sample 9 and ultrasound emission probe 6 completely.Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field scanning means 13 lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample 9, and are positioned at outside uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution.Avoid the impact on measurement result of echo acoustical signal that ultrasonic tank 6 borders cause, the sink size that is parallel to ultrasonic emitting direction is wanted enough greatly.When detection sample 9 is solid sample, the first entrant sound window 8 and the second entrant sound window 12 are installed in described tank.Two entrant sound windows lay respectively at the both sides of detecting sample 9 in ultrasound-transmissive direction, and the ultrasound wave direction of ultrasound emission probe 6 transmittings is vertical with two entrant sound windows 8,12.Wherein entrant sound window 8,12 is when ultrasonic vertical entrant sound window incident, and ultrasonic penetration rate can reach more than 90%.When detecting sample 9 and organize solution for different electrical conductivity are bionical, the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity can be placed in test sample box as shown in Figure 2, and in test sample box, utilizes isolation entrant sound window to organize solution isolation placement different electrical conductivity are bionical.Because test sample tape has isolation entrant sound window, can remove the first entrant sound window 8 and the second entrant sound window 12 in tank 7.Test sample box is positioned at the inside of upper and lower two magnets, and is positioned at coupling solution.The ultrasound wave direction of ultrasound emission probe transmitting is vertical with isolation entrant sound window.Fig. 2 is the structure chart of test sample box, for three kinds of bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity, test sample box can be divided into 3 parts by isolation entrant sound window, and the first isolation entrant sound window 19 and the 4th 26 whiles of isolation entrant sound window are as two walls of test sample box.The second isolation entrant sound window 21 and the 3rd isolation entrant sound window 24 are simultaneously as two walls in test sample box, to the bionical effect of organizing solution to play entrant sound isolation of electrical conductivity.Ultrasound emission probe 6 is positioned at the coupling solution of tank 7, the ultrasonic parallel magnets incident of ultrasound emission probe 6 transmittings, organizes solution 22, the 3rd isolation entrant sound window the 24, the 3rd to organize solution 25 and the 4th isolation entrant sound window 26 by the first isolation entrant sound window 19, the first solution tissue 20, the second isolation entrant sound window 21, second successively.The first electrode 23 and the second electrode 27 form detecting electrode pair, and electrode pair adopts gold-plated copper electrode.Penetrance when isolation entrant sound window 19,21,24,26 not only can guarantee ultrasonic vertical incidence in test sample box more than 90%, also has the different bionical effects of organizing solution to carry out independent isolating that make.
Described signal detection system mainly by detecting electrode to 10 or magnetic test coil 11, and signal shielding cable and signal deteching circuit form, object is to realize the detection that detects sample 9 internal induction electromotive force.Signal shielding cable comprises the signal cable 14 that connection electrode is right and the signal cable 15 that is connected magnetic test coil.In same set of magnetosonic electric imaging system, adopt described detecting electrode to 10 or magnetic test coil 11 as detection part, both select one.Adopt detecting electrode to 10 o'clock, detecting electrode to 10 with detection sample 9 between be directly connected, be contact measurement method.When adopting magnetic test coil 11, magnetic test coil 11 is positioned at and detects near sample 9, is non-contact detection.The mode that simultaneously can adopt a plurality of magnetic test coils 11 simultaneously to receive for improving detection sensitivity.Detecting electrode is to 10 be a pair of surface gold-plating copper electrode or ECG electrode and button-shaped electrodes etc., the copper electrode of surface gold-plating and to detect between sample contact resistance minimum wherein, and effect is best.Detecting electrode to 10 directly with detect sample 9 and be connected, between contact resistance the smaller the better.For solid, detect sample 9, detecting electrode is positioned at the arbitrary plane vertical with transonic direction to 10; When adopting test sample box to fill the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity when detecting sample 9, detecting electrode is comprised of the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 27 10, and two electrodes are positioned at the bionical optional position of organizing solution vertical with transonic direction.
Work process of the present invention is as follows: ultrasound-driven driving source 2 transmitting pumping signals are by driving cable 5 excitation ultrasound emission probes 6, ultrasound emission probe 6 is immersion type focusing probe, to avoid the impact of medical contact couplant contact impedance, and reduce the lateral resolution that focal spot size can improve magnetosonic electricity formation method.The ultrasonic signal and the magnetostatic field quadrature detecting in sample 9 of 6 transmittings of ultrasound emission probe.Magnetostatic field generator 13 provides uniform magnetic field for detecting sample 9, and magnet can be selected electromagnet and permanent magnet, for the electromagnetic interference shield problem of avoiding electromagnet to cause, preferably selects permanent magnet.Synchronous trigger control module 1 is controlled ultrasound-driven driving source 2 and ultrasonic scanning system 3, and ultrasound emission probe 6, under the effect of synchronous trigger control module 1, drives 6 pairs of ultrasound emission probes to detect sample by ultrasonic scanning support 4 and scans.Ultrasound emission probe 6, detect sample 9, detecting electrode to 10, detecting electrode 11 is positioned at tank 7, the interior coupling solution of tank 7 is pure deionized water or insulating oil.For reducing ultrasound emission probe 6 and the interference detecting between sample 9, when detection sample 9 is solid sample, the first entrant sound window 8 is installed in tank and 12, two lens windows of the second entrant sound window are isolated into independently three spaces tank.For reduce detecting sample 9 and detecting electrode to the contact impedance between 10, except adopting traditional ECG electrode or button-shaped electrode, the metallic copper of apparatus of the present invention employing surface gold-plating is as electrode.When detection sample 9 is organized solution for different electrical conductivity are bionical, the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity is put in the test sample box shown in Fig. 2.For example select the bionical tissue of 3 kinds of different electrical conductivity, in test sample box, three kinds of bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity are placed respectively by isolating the isolation of entrant sound window, can remove the first entrant sound window 8 and the second entrant sound window 12 during detection.Test sample box is positioned at the position that tank detects sample 9.The direction of arrow shown in Fig. 2 is ultrasonic direction, and ultrasonic direction is parallel with magnet, and is positioned at tank coupling solution.The ultrasonic transmission successively by the first isolation entrant sound window 19, the first solution tissue 20, the second isolation window 21, second of ultrasound emission probe 6 transmittings organizes solution 22, the 3rd isolation entrant sound window the 24, the 3rd to organize solution 25, the 4th isolation entrant sound window 26, the first electrode 23 and the second electrode 27 form detecting electrode pair, and electrode adopts gold-plated copper electrode equally.Detecting electrode is carried out amplification and the filtering of signal through the right signal cable 14 of connection electrode to the received signal by signal deteching circuit 16, then through 17 pairs of acquired signal of data acquisition and processing (DAP) circuit, process and carry out waveform demonstration by host computer 18, finally by image reconstruction algorithm, three kinds of bionical electrical conductivity of solution of organizing of electrical conductivity being rebuild.
Image reconstruction algorithm of the present invention in three steps, first by ultrasound emission probe 6, through the time discrete that detects sample 9, it is n the moment, it is n point that correspondence will be rebuild subregion discrete, wherein n is positive integer, the corresponding reconstruction precision of rebuilding image of value, generally n equals ultrasonic transmission path in detecting sample divided by time step, and time step is determined by sample rate.The equivalent electric field source E ' that equals " equivalent source region " according to the induction electromotive force ξ (t) measuring (x.t)=space integral of V (x.t) * B0 and J1A dot product.Lower limit of integral is first spatial point, and upper limit of integral is the position corresponding to wavefront of sound wave, along with the moment of sonic propagation is different and different.In first space integral that induction electromotive force ξ (t1) is corresponding constantly, be reduced to the equivalent electric field source of first point and the dot product of J1A (x1), the equivalent electric field source of first point can be by this at this Particle Vibration Velocity V (x1 constantly, t1), magnetostatic field B0 determines, reconstructs thus the current density, J 1A (x1) of first point.Then space integral corresponding to the induction electromotive force ξ (t2) in second moment turned in first spatial point to (x1.t2) (x1.t2) stack of J1A (x1) of E ' in J1A (x1) and first spatial point of E ', thus can be by the current density, J 1A (x1) of first point, first some the current density, J 1A (x2) in second spatial point of the induction electromotive force ξ in the Particle Vibration Velocity V in second moment (x1.t2), second moment (t2) acquisition.The like, by n induction electromotive force ξ constantly, (space integral that tn is corresponding turns to the stack of equivalent electric field source and J1A dot product in a front n spatial point, can be by current density, J 1A (xi), front n-1 o'clock of front n-1 point at n Particle Vibration Velocity V (xi.tn) constantly and n current density, J 1A (xn) putting of the induction electromotive force ξ (tn) in n moment acquisition (i=1 here,, n).So far, obtain the electric current density information of rebuilding subregion Ω s.Rotary ultrasonic probe, according to the induction electromotive force waveform recording, repeat the first two step, finally obtain the electric current density information in reconstruction regions Ω, by the electric current density information obtaining in conjunction with magnetosonic imaging reconstruction algorithm, adopt the approximate mode of magnetic quasi-state, just can detect the electrical conductivity of sample 7 and rebuild image.In above-mentioned formula, n represents to detect the interior ultrasound-transmissive of sample path wound according to discrete the counting of temporal information, ξ (t) is the induction electromotive force in magnetostatic field and ultrasonic combined effect region " equivalent source region ", E ' (x.t)=V (x.t) * B0 is the electric field source in magnetostatic field and ultrasonic combined effect region " equivalent source region ", J1A is the electric current density in " equivalent source region " while passing into 1A electric current, ξ (t1) is the induction electromotive force in first moment, J1A (x1) be first constantly pass into 1A electric current time " equivalent source region " electric current density, V (x1, t1) be the Particle Vibration Velocity in first moment, J1A (x1) is the reconstruction electric current density in first moment, ξ (t2) is the induction electromotive force in second moment, V (x1.t2) is the Particle Vibration Velocity of first o'clock second moment, J1A (x2) is the electric current density of second spatial point, ξ (tn) is n induction electromotive force constantly, J1A (xn) is the electric current density of n point, Ω s is the region on ultrasound-transmissive path, Ω is for detecting the region of sample.
Claims (3)
1. a magnetosonic electric imaging system, is characterized in that, described magnetosonic electric imaging system comprises driving source, synchronous trigger control module (1), tank (7), three dimensional scanning platform and signal detection system; Described driving source produces pulse excitation and two kinds of ultrasonic action signals of burst excitation, in detecting sample, produces induction electromotive force; Synchronous trigger control module (1) realizes to be controlled the synchronous of platform and signal detection system and controls driving source, 3-D scanning; In tank, fill uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution; Three dimensional scanning platform is realized the 3-D scanning of ultrasound emission probe; Signal detection system is realized the detection of ultra-weak electronic signal; Under the control of synchronous trigger control module (1), described driving source produces induction electromotive force in detecting sample;
Described driving source is comprised of ultrasound-driven driving source (2), ultrasound emission probe (6) and magnetostatic field generator (13); Described magnetostatic field generator (13) is comprised of two coaxial permanent magnets or a pair of coaxial electromagnet, forms the uniform magnetic field that only has Z axis component in detecting sample; Described ultrasound-driven driving source (2) is comprised of signal generating circuit and power amplification circuit, signal generating circuit produces pulse signal or burst signal, after power amplifier amplifies, by ultrasound-driven cable, pass to ultrasound emission probe (6), ultrasound emission probe (6) produces pulse excitation and two kinds of ultrasonic action signals of burst; Described ultrasound emission probe (6) is immersion type focusing probe; Described ultrasound-driven driving source (2) is connected by ultrasound-driven cable with ultrasound emission probe (6); Two coaxial magnets of magnetostatic field generator (13) lay respectively at the upper and lower of detecting sample (9), and are positioned at outside described uncoupling plasma water or insulating oil solution;
The copper electrode that detecting electrode is surface gold-plating to (10);
Uncoupling plasma water in described tank (7) or insulating oil solution cover detected sample (9) and ultrasound emission probe (6) completely; When detection sample (9) is solid sample, two entrant sound windows (8,12) are installed in described tank (7), two entrant sound windows (8,12) lay respectively at the both sides of detecting sample (9) in ultrasound-transmissive direction; The ultrasound wave direction of ultrasound emission probe (6) transmitting is vertical with entrant sound window.
2. magnetosonic electric imaging system according to claim 1, while it is characterized in that described detection sample (9) is organized solution for different electrical conductivity are bionical, the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity is placed in test sample box, by isolation entrant sound window (19,21,24,26) the bionical solution of organizing of different electrical conductivity is isolated; Test sample box is positioned at the inside of upper and lower two magnets, and is positioned at the coupling solution of tank (7); The ultrasound wave direction of ultrasound emission probe (6) transmitting and described isolation entrant sound window (19,21,24,26) are vertical; The first isolation entrant sound window (19) and the 4th is isolated entrant sound window (26) also as two walls of test sample box.
3. an application rights requires the formation method of the magnetosonic electric imaging system described in 1, it is characterized in that when carrying out image reconstruction algorithm, according to the principle of reciprocal theorem, utilize ultrasonic transmission means in detecting sample, realize the accurate location in sound source and magnetostatic field combined effect region; And utilize time progressive method, obtain each electric current density constantly progressively ladderingly, thereby obtain the electric current density information of whole acoustic wave propagation path;
The reconstruction procedures of described image reconstruction algorithm is divided into three steps, first by the ultrasonic signal of ultrasound emission probe transmitting through detect sample time discrete be n the moment, it is n point that correspondence will be rebuild subregion discrete, then by the time mode of going forward one by one, from first, constantly start by constantly solving induction electromotive force and Particle Vibration Velocity, finally by each induction electromotive force and Particle Vibration Velocity constantly, obtain each electric current density information constantly, thereby obtain the electric current density information on ultrasound-transmissive path, 3-D scanning in conjunction with ultrasound emission probe, obtain the electric current density information of whole detection sample, thereby obtain the electric current density image that detects sample, wherein n value is positive integer.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210262798.8A CN102805621B (en) | 2012-07-26 | 2012-07-26 | Magnetic, acoustic and electric imaging system and imaging method |
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