CN108294750B - Portable conductivity detection equipment based on magnetoacoustic-electric principle - Google Patents
Portable conductivity detection equipment based on magnetoacoustic-electric principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
一种基于磁声电原理的便携式电导率检测设备，包括磁声电实验平台、控制及信号处理电路，以及成像系统；磁声电实验平台的输出端连接控制及信号处理电路的输入端，控制及信号处理电路的输出端连接成像系统的输入端；所述的磁声电实验平台产生的电磁信号，由控制及信号处理电路采集，控制及信号处理电路采集得到的信号传递至成像系统，实现目标体三维电导率图像的显示。本发明适用于探针注入生物组织时生物组织电特性的测量，也适用于生物组织肿瘤的检测。
A portable conductivity detection device based on the principle of magneto-acoustic electricity, comprising a magneto-acoustic-electric experiment platform, a control and signal processing circuit, and an imaging system; the output end of the magneto-acoustic electricity experiment platform is connected to the input end of the control and signal processing circuit, and the control and the output end of the signal processing circuit is connected to the input end of the imaging system; the electromagnetic signal generated by the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform is collected by the control and signal processing circuit, and the signal collected by the control and signal processing circuit is transmitted to the imaging system to realize Display of a 3D conductivity image of the target volume. The invention is suitable for the measurement of the electrical properties of the biological tissue when the probe is injected into the biological tissue, and is also suitable for the detection of the biological tissue tumor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a portable magneto-acoustic-electric conductivity detection system.
Background
The medical imaging technology mainly aims at human or animal, namely, the interaction between a certain physical field and the human or animal is utilized to express the morphological structure, density, function and the like of internal tissues and organs in an image mode. The information provided by the medical image may assist the doctor in diagnosis. The main applications in medical imaging methods are radiography, X-CT, ultrasound imaging, etc. The X-ray has ionizing radiation, and the X-CT imaging has the characteristics of high resolution and good contrast, but also has ionizing radiation, so that the X-ray has certain harm to a human body. The ultrasonic imaging has high resolution, high imaging speed and no harm to human body, but has poor contrast. The magnetic resonance imaging widely used at present has high cost and high detection cost. Ultrasound imaging, while having the advantage of high resolution, can only be detected when structural morphology changes. These conventional techniques can only achieve morphological imaging, i.e., morphological anatomical imaging. The magnetic acoustoelectric imaging method has high sensitivity and high resolution, and is one new type of medical imaging method. Meanwhile, researches show that physiological and pathological abnormalities are discovered at an early stage through the change of tissue electrical characteristics, and data support can be provided for early diagnosis of diseases. Therefore, the development of portable nondestructive functional imaging has a very attractive prospect in the aspect of early diagnosis, and the significance of realizing the early detection of tumors is great.
The magnetic acoustic electro-imaging is a new medical imaging method with good application prospect, combines the traditional electrical impedance imaging and ultrasonic imaging, has the characteristics of high contrast of the electrical impedance imaging and high resolution of the ultrasonic imaging, and is a new electrical characteristic imaging technology. In 1997, hanwen et al proposed hall effect imaging and presented a one-dimensional model with electrodes to detect experimental signals from bacon meat. In 2007, the magnetoacoustic-electrical imaging based on the reciprocity theorem is proposed by Y.xu, S Haider and the like on the basis of the Hall effect, and a one-dimensional copper sheet sample is used in the experiment, and the measurement is carried out by using an electrode. Experiments were carried out in 2012 by graslandmongain using a low conductivity phantom and beef samples, and the results of B-type scanning of beef were plotted, with the electrodes used to detect the magnetoacoustic signals during the experiments. The Liu nationality's strength team of the institute of Electrical technology in the Chinese academy of sciences proposed coil detection type magnetoacoustic imaging in 2014, established an experimental system and reconstructed the conductivity image of a phantom, in which two permanent magnets placed oppositely are utilized to generate a static magnetic field. In 2016, the strong team in the institute of electrical and medical sciences, Liu nationality in Chinese academy utilizes low-peak linear frequency modulation continuous waves to excite an ultrasonic transducer and utilizes electrodes to detect magnetic, acoustic and electric signals so as to realize the B-type scanning result of the low-conductivity phantom. A3D scanning platform is designed in Kunyansky L2017, magnetic-acoustic-electric signals of beef tissues are detected by using electrodes, conductivity images of pork tissues are detected by using the electrodes in the national institute of Electrical and Electrical force team in the department of Chinese academy in the same year, and the axial resolution of 1mm is realized.
In summary, there are two detection modes for magnetoacoustic-electrical imaging, one is electrode detection and the other is coil detection. The coil detection type experimental system established by the institute of electrical and technology in 2014 of the Chinese academy of sciences utilizes two oppositely-placed permanent magnets to generate a static magnetic field, and the device is large in size and cannot realize portable scanning and imaging. And the current domestic and foreign patents do not have the invention patent of portable coil detection type magnetoacoustic-electric imaging.
The currently existing devices for magnetoacoustic electrographic imaging suffer from the following disadvantages: (1) electrode detection type magnetoacoustic electrography has contact impedance between skin and an electrode, imbalance and parasitic capacitance of the contact impedance are caused, and signal acquisition is influenced; (2) the coil detection type magnetoacoustic-electric imaging device has the defects that a permanent magnet generating device and a signal detection device are large in size, and portable scanning imaging is not easy to realize.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a portable conductivity detection device based on the magnetoacoustic-electric principle. The invention can reduce the contact impedance between the skin and the electrodes, and avoid the noise influence caused by the unbalanced contact impedance and parasitic capacitance between the electrodes to a certain extent.
The portable conductivity detection device comprises a magneto-acoustic-electric experiment platform, a control and signal processing circuit and an imaging system. The input end of the control and signal processing circuit is connected with the output end of the magnetoacoustic-electric experimental platform, and the output end of the control and signal processing circuit is connected with the input end of the imaging system. The control and signal processing circuit collects electromagnetic signals generated by the magnetoacoustic-electric experimental platform and transmits the collected signals to the imaging system to realize the display of the three-dimensional conductivity image of the target body.
The magnetic acoustic electric experiment platform comprises: the ultrasonic detection device comprises two stepping motors, an ultrasonic transducer, an ultrasonic driving excitation source, a detection probe, a target body and a fixed support. The two stepping motors, the ultrasonic transducer, the detection probe and the target body are supported by a fixed support. The ultrasonic drive excitation source, the ultrasonic transducer, the detection probe and the target body are positioned below the stepping motor, and the target body is tightly attached to the detection probe. The ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic driving excitation source and the detection probe are arranged in a mutually perpendicular mode, the axial direction of the ultrasonic driving excitation source and the ultrasonic transducer is the x direction, and the axial direction of the detection probe is the y direction.
The output end of the ultrasonic drive excitation source is connected with the input end of the ultrasonic transducer, and the ultrasonic transducer emits instantaneous ultrasonic pulses under the action of the ultrasonic excitation source to generate ultrasonic vibration in a target body. The ultrasonic driving excitation source comprises a signal generator and a power amplifier, wherein the input end of the signal generator is connected with a power supply, the output end of the signal generator is connected with the input end of the power amplifier, and the output end of the power amplifier is connected with the input end of the ultrasonic transducer. The detection probe consists of a static magnetic field generating device and a detection device, wherein the static magnetic field generating device is a single small magnetic block, the detection device is a small coil, the small coil is tightly attached to the small magnetic block of the static magnetic field generating device, and the small coil is used for realizing the measurement of an approximate point. The two stepping motors are respectively connected with the ultrasonic transducer and the detection probe, are controlled by a stepping motor control system of the control and signal processing circuit, and control the movement of the ultrasonic transducer and the detection probe through the movement of the stepping motors.
The control and signal processing circuit consists of a synchronous signal control system, a signal acquisition system and a stepping motor control system. The input end of the synchronous signal control system is respectively connected with the output ends of the power supply and the ultrasonic drive excitation source signal generator, the output end of the synchronous signal control system is provided with two ports, one port is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition system, and the other port is connected with the input end of the ultrasonic transducer, so that the ultrasonic transducer excitation source and the signal acquisition system are synchronized and controlled. The output end of the signal acquisition system is connected with the input end of a signal processing module of the imaging system, and the output end of the signal processing module is connected with the input end of the imaging processing module of the imaging system. The synchronous signal control system mainly comprises a signal generator and realizes the synchronization and control of the ultrasonic transducer excitation source and the signal acquisition system. The output end of the stepping motor control system is provided with two ports which are respectively connected with two stepping motors of the magneto-acoustic-electric experiment platform to control the movement of the two stepping motors, so that the ultrasonic transducer and the detection probe are respectively controlled to move. The input end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform is connected with the signal synchronization end of the control and signal processing circuit, and the output end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition system of the control and signal processing circuit.
The signal acquisition system comprises a power amplification circuit, a filter circuit and a data acquisition card. The input end of the power amplifying circuit is connected with the output end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform, the output end of the power amplifying circuit is connected with the input end of the filter circuit, and the output end of the filter circuit is connected with the input end of the data acquisition card. The data acquisition card is provided with two input ports, wherein one input port is connected with the output end of the filter circuit, and the other input port is connected with the output end of the synchronous signal control system. The output end of the data acquisition card is connected with the input end of a signal processing module of the imaging system. The input end of the stepping motor control system is connected with the power supply, the output end of the stepping motor control system is provided with two ports, one output port is connected with the input end of the stepping motor for controlling the movement of the detection probe to control the movement track of the detection probe, and the other output port of the stepping motor control system is connected with the input end of the stepping motor for controlling the ultrasonic transducer to control the movement track of the ultrasonic transducer.
The imaging system consists of a signal processing module and an imaging processing module. The input end of the signal processing module is connected with the output end of the data acquisition card of the signal acquisition system, and the output end of the signal processing module is connected with the input end of the imaging processing module. The signal processing module processes the acquired electromagnetic signals by utilizing a three-dimensional conductivity reconstruction algorithm to realize the reconstruction of the three-dimensional conductivity of the target body. The imaging processing module displays a conductivity image of the target volume.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
an ultrasonic drive excitation source of the magnetic-acoustic-electric experimental platform excites an ultrasonic transducer, the ultrasonic transducer emits instantaneous ultrasonic pulses to a target body, the ultrasonic pulses cause local vibration in the target body, the target body generates a motional source electric field under the action of a static magnetic field, current distribution which changes along with ultrasonic propagation is generated in the target body, a magnetic field is further generated around the target body, and a detection probe detects the electromagnetic signals. The stepping motor control system of the control and signal processing circuit controls the movement of the two stepping motors of the magneto-acoustic-electric experiment platform so as to control the movement of the ultrasonic transducer and the detection probe, and the detection probe can obtain electromagnetic signals of different positions of a target body. And the acquisition circuit of the control and signal processing circuit acquires the electromagnetic signal. The acquired electromagnetic signals are used for realizing the display of the three-dimensional conductivity image of the target body by the signal processing module and the imaging processing module. The signal processing module adopts a conductivity reconstruction algorithm to realize the conversion of the electromagnetic signal and the conductivity signal, and the image processing module realizes the three-dimensional conductivity image display of the target body by using the conductivity signal.
The detection probe of the invention is composed of a small coil and a small magnetic block. The small magnet and the small coil can realize the acquisition of signals similar to 'points' so as to obtain three-dimensional data information of a target body.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the structure of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention;
in the figure: the system comprises an A1 stepping motor, an A3 ultrasonic driving excitation source, an A4 ultrasonic transducer, an A5 detection probe, an A6 control and signal processing circuit, an A7 signal processing module, an A8 imaging processing module, an A9 target body and an A2 fixed support;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the moving tracks of the ultrasonic transducer and the detection probe.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.
The device is based on the magnetoacoustic-electric principle and comprises a magnetoacoustic-electric experiment platform, a control and signal processing circuit and an imaging system. The output end of the magnetic-acoustic-electric experimental platform is connected with the input end of the control and signal processing circuit, and the output end of the control and signal processing circuit is connected with the input end of the imaging system. The electromagnetic signals generated by the magnetoacoustic-electric experimental platform are collected by the control and signal processing circuit, and the signals collected by the control and signal processing circuit are transmitted to the imaging system, so that the display of the three-dimensional conductivity image of the target body is realized.
Fig. 1 shows an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the magnetic-acoustic-electric experimental platform is composed of a stepping motor a1, an ultrasonic transducer a4, an ultrasonic driving excitation source A3, a detection probe a5, a target body a9 and a fixed support a 2. The stepping motor a1, the ultrasonic transducer a4, the inspection probe a5, and the target a9 are supported by a fixed bracket a 2. The ultrasonic driving excitation source A3, the ultrasonic transducer A4, the detection probe A5 and the target body A9 are positioned below the stepping motor A1, and the target body A9 is tightly attached to the detection probe A5. The ultrasonic driving excitation source A3, the ultrasonic transducer A4 and the detection probe A5 are arranged perpendicularly to each other, the axial direction of the ultrasonic transducer A4 is the x direction, and the axial direction of the detection probe A5 is the y direction.
The two stepping motors A1 are respectively connected with the ultrasonic transducer A4 and the detection probe A5, and the movement of the stepping motor A1 drives the ultrasonic transducer A4 and the detection probe A5 to move. The stepper motor control system in the control and signal processing circuit a6 controls the movement of two stepper motors a 1.
The detection probe a5 is composed of a static magnetic field generating device and a detecting device. The static magnetic field generating device is a small magnet, the small magnet is tightly attached to a target body, and a static magnetic field is generated in the target body; the detection device is a small coil which is tightly attached to a small magnet, and the single small coil is used for realizing the measurement of the approximate point.
The ultrasonic excitation source A3 comprises a signal generator and a power amplifier, wherein the output end of the signal generator has two ports, one port is connected with the input end of the power amplifier, and the output end of the power amplifier is connected with the ultrasonic transducer A4. The other output port of the signal generator is connected with the input of a synchronous signal control system of the control and signal processing circuit, and the ultrasonic transducer A4 generates ultrasonic vibration in the target body under the action of an ultrasonic transducer excitation source A3.
The control and signal processing circuit A6 is composed of a synchronous signal control system, a signal acquisition system and a stepping motor control system. The output end of the synchronous signal control system is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition system. The output end of the signal acquisition system is connected with the input end of the signal processing module. The input end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform is connected with the output end of the synchronous signal control system of the control and signal processing circuit, and the output end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition system of the control and signal processing circuit. One output end of the stepping motor control system is connected with the input end of a stepping motor for controlling the detection probe, the movement of the detection probe is controlled by the stepping motor, the other output end of the stepping motor control system is connected with the input end of a stepping motor for controlling the ultrasonic transducer, and the movement of the ultrasonic transducer is controlled by the stepping motor.
The synchronous signal control system mainly comprises a signal generator, the output end of the synchronous signal control system is provided with two ports, one port is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition system, and the other port is connected with the input end of the ultrasonic transducer, so that the excitation source of the ultrasonic transducer and the signal acquisition system are synchronized and controlled.
The signal acquisition system comprises a power amplification circuit, a filter circuit and a data acquisition card. The input end of the power amplifying circuit is connected with the output end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform, the output end of the power amplifying circuit is connected with the input end of the filter circuit, and the output end of the filter circuit is connected with the input end of the data acquisition card. One input end of the data acquisition card is connected with the output end of the filter circuit, the other input end of the data acquisition card is connected with the output end of the synchronous signal control acquisition system, and the output end of the data acquisition card is connected with the input end of the signal processing module of the imaging system.
The imaging system is composed of a signal processing module A7 and an imaging processing module A8. The input end of the signal processing module A7 is connected with the output end of the data acquisition card, and the output end of the signal processing module A7 is connected with the input end of the imaging processing module A8. The signal processing module A7 processes the acquired electromagnetic signal of the target body A9 by using a three-dimensional conductivity reconstruction algorithm to reconstruct the three-dimensional conductivity of the target body A9, and the imaging processing module A8 displays a conductivity image of the target body.
The working process of the invention is as follows:
the ultrasonic transducer A4 generates ultrasonic vibration in the x direction under the action of an ultrasonic driving excitation source A3, the target body A9 generates a Lorentz force in the z direction under the action of the ultrasonic vibration in the x direction generated by the ultrasonic transducer A4 and a magnetic field in the y direction generated by a small magnetic block in the detection probe A5, and the Lorentz force enables a zoogenic source electric field to be generated in the target body, so that magnetic field distribution changing along with ultrasonic propagation is generated in the target body A9. The detection device of the magnetoacoustic-electric experimental platform detection probe A5 detects the electromagnetic signal. The stepping motor control system of the control and signal processing circuit A6 controls the movement of the stepping motor A1, and drives the detection probe A5 to move in the x direction and the z direction, and the ultrasonic transducer A4 to move in the y direction and the z direction. A two-dimensional cross-sectional view of the ultrasonic transducer and the probe movement trajectory is shown in fig. 2. The control and signal processing circuit A6 collects three-dimensional data of the electromagnetic signal of the target body A9. The acquired electromagnetic signals are output to the signal processing module A7 for processing, and the imaging processing module A8 is used for finally realizing the image display of the three-dimensional conductivity of the target body.
Claims (6)
1. A portable conductivity detection device based on the magnetoacoustic-electric principle is characterized in that: the detection equipment comprises a magnetic acoustic electric experiment platform, a control and signal processing circuit and an imaging system; the output end of the magnetoacoustic-electric experimental platform is connected with the input end of the control and signal processing circuit, and the output end of the control and signal processing circuit is connected with the input end of the imaging system; the magnetic-acoustic-electric experimental platform utilizes the small magnetic block to generate a magnetic field in the y direction, the ultrasonic transducer in direct contact with the target body generates an electromagnetic signal in the target body under the action of the magnetic field and ultrasound, the small magnetic block and the ultrasonic transducer are moved through the control and signal processing circuit to acquire the electromagnetic signal, and the acquired electromagnetic signal is transmitted to the imaging system, so that the display of a three-dimensional conductivity image of the target body is realized.
2. A portable conductivity detection apparatus based on the magnetoacoustic-electric principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the magnetic-acoustic-electric experimental platform consists of a stepping motor (A1), an ultrasonic transducer (A4), an ultrasonic driving excitation source (A3), a detection probe (A5), a target body (A9) and a fixed bracket (A2); the stepping motor (A1), the ultrasonic transducer (A4), the detection probe (A5) and the target body (A9) are supported by a fixed support (A2); the ultrasonic drive excitation source (A3), the ultrasonic transducer (A4), the detection probe (A5) and the target body (A9) are positioned below the stepping motor (A1), and the target body (A9) is tightly attached to the detection probe (A5); the ultrasonic driving excitation source (A3), the ultrasonic transducer (A4) and the detection probe (A5) are arranged perpendicular to each other, the axial direction of the ultrasonic transducer (A4) and the ultrasonic driving excitation source (A3) is the x direction, and the axial direction of the detection probe (A5) is the y direction; the two stepping motors (A1) are respectively connected with the ultrasonic transducer (A4) and the detection probe (A5), and the movement of the stepping motor (A1) drives the ultrasonic transducer (A4) and the detection probe (A5) to move; a stepping motor control system in the control and signal processing circuit (A6) controls the movement of two stepping motors (A1); the detection probe (A5) is composed of a static magnetic field generating device and a detection device; the static magnetic field generating device is a small magnet, the small magnet is closely attached to the target body (A9), and the static magnetic field is generated in the target body (A9); the detection device is a small coil, the small coil is tightly attached to the small magnet, and the measurement of the approximate point is realized by utilizing a single small coil; the ultrasonic excitation source (A3) comprises a signal generator and a power amplifier, wherein the output end of the signal generator is provided with two ports, one output port is connected with the input end of the power amplifier, and the output end of the power amplifier is connected with the ultrasonic transducer (A4); the other output port of the signal generator is connected with the input end of a synchronous signal control system of the control and signal processing circuit, and the ultrasonic transducer (A4) generates ultrasonic vibration in the target body (A9) under the action of an ultrasonic transducer excitation source (A3).
3. A portable conductivity detection apparatus based on the magnetoacoustic-electric principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the control and signal processing circuit (A6) is composed of a synchronous signal control system, a signal acquisition system and a stepping motor control system; the output end of the synchronous signal control system is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition system, and the output end of the signal acquisition system is connected with the input end of the signal processing module; the input end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform is connected with the output end of the synchronous signal control system of the control and signal processing circuit, and the output end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition system of the control and signal processing circuit; one output end of the stepping motor control system is connected with the input end of a stepping motor for controlling the detection probe, the movement of the detection probe is controlled by the stepping motor, the other output end of the stepping motor control system is connected with the input end of a stepping motor for controlling the ultrasonic transducer, and the movement of the ultrasonic transducer is controlled by the stepping motor.
4. A portable conductivity detection apparatus based on the magnetoacoustic-electric principle as claimed in claim 3, wherein: the synchronous signal control system consists of a signal generator, one output port of the synchronous signal control system is connected with the input end of the signal acquisition system, and the other port of the synchronous signal control system is connected with the input end of the ultrasonic transducer, so that the excitation source of the ultrasonic transducer and the signal acquisition system are synchronized and controlled; the signal acquisition system comprises a power amplification circuit, a filter circuit and a data acquisition card; the input end of the power amplification circuit is connected with the output end of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform, the output end of the power amplification circuit is connected with the input end of the filter circuit, and the output end of the filter circuit is connected with the input end of the data acquisition card; one input end of the data acquisition card is connected with the output end of the filter circuit, the other input end of the data acquisition card is connected with the output end of the synchronous signal control acquisition system, and the output end of the data acquisition card is connected with the input end of the signal processing module of the imaging system.
5. A portable conductivity detection apparatus based on the magnetoacoustic-electric principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the imaging system consists of a signal processing module (A7) and an imaging processing module (A8); the input end of the signal processing module (A7) is connected with the output end of the data acquisition card, and the output end of the signal processing module (A7) is connected with the input end of the imaging processing module (A8); the signal processing module (A7) adopts a three-dimensional conductivity reconstruction algorithm to process the acquired electromagnetic signals of the target body (A9) so as to realize the reconstruction of the three-dimensional conductivity of the target body (A9), and the imaging processing module (A8) displays a conductivity image of the target body.
6. A portable conductivity detection apparatus based on the magnetoacoustic-electric principle as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the ultrasonic transducer (A4) generates ultrasonic vibration in the x direction under the action of an ultrasonic drive excitation source (A3), the target body (A9) generates Lorentz force in the z direction under the action of the ultrasonic vibration in the x direction generated by the ultrasonic transducer (A4) and a magnetic field in the y direction generated by a small magnetic block in the detection probe (A5), and the Lorentz force enables a motional source electric field to be generated in the target body (A9), so that magnetic field distribution changing along with ultrasonic propagation is generated in the target body (A9); detecting the electromagnetic signal by a detection probe (A5) of the magneto-acoustic-electric experimental platform; a stepping motor control system of the control and signal processing circuit (A6) controls the movement of a stepping motor (A1) to realize the movement of the detection probe (A5) in the x direction and the z direction and the movement of the ultrasonic transducer (A4) in the y direction and the z direction; the control and signal processing circuit (A6) acquires three-dimensional data of an electromagnetic signal of a target body (A9), the acquired electromagnetic signal is output to the signal processing module (A7) to be processed, and finally image display of the three-dimensional conductivity of the target body is achieved through the imaging processing module (A8).
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