CN102803668A - 油雾分离器 - Google Patents

油雾分离器 Download PDF

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CN102803668A
CN102803668A CN2010800262292A CN201080026229A CN102803668A CN 102803668 A CN102803668 A CN 102803668A CN 2010800262292 A CN2010800262292 A CN 2010800262292A CN 201080026229 A CN201080026229 A CN 201080026229A CN 102803668 A CN102803668 A CN 102803668A
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nozzle
oil mist
mist separator
parting material
impact wall
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CN102803668B (zh
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斯特凡·鲁佩尔
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Mahle International GmbH
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
    • B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D45/00—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces
    • B01D45/04—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia
    • B01D45/08—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators
    • B01D45/10—Separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours by gravity, inertia, or centrifugal forces by utilising inertia by impingement against baffle separators which are wetted
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0027—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions
    • B01D46/003—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours with additional separating or treating functions including coalescing means for the separation of liquid
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D46/00—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D46/0084—Filters or filtering processes specially modified for separating dispersed particles from gases or vapours provided with safety means
    • B01D46/0087—Bypass or safety valves
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D50/00—Combinations of methods or devices for separating particles from gases or vapours
    • B01D50/20—Combinations of devices covered by groups B01D45/00 and B01D46/00
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M11/00—Component parts, details or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, groups F01M1/00 - F01M9/00
    • F01M11/08—Separating lubricant from air or fuel-air mixture before entry into cylinder
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
    • C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
    • C04B41/00—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone
    • C04B41/009—After-treatment of mortars, concrete, artificial stone or ceramics; Treatment of natural stone characterised by the material treated
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0433—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with a deflection device, e.g. screen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01M—LUBRICATING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; LUBRICATING INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES; CRANKCASE VENTILATING
    • F01M13/00—Crankcase ventilating or breathing
    • F01M13/04—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil
    • F01M2013/0438—Crankcase ventilating or breathing having means for purifying air before leaving crankcase, e.g. removing oil with a filter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M25/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture
    • F02M25/06—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding non-fuel substances or small quantities of secondary fuel to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture adding lubricant vapours
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T436/00—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing
    • Y10T436/25—Chemistry: analytical and immunological testing including sample preparation

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Lubrication Details And Ventilation Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种设计为冲击器的油雾分离器(1)，其具体应用于曲轴箱强制通风系统中，包括：-具有至少一个喷嘴(2)的喷嘴装置；-冲击墙(3)，该冲击墙定位为与至少一个喷嘴(2)相对，并被涂覆上分离材料(4)；-其中在至少一个喷嘴(2)的区域中，与周围区域(5)相比，在所述喷嘴(2)和分离材料(4)之间的距离被缩短了。因而达到了对漏气的强烈的流动偏转，因此改良了油雾分离器的分离率。

Description

油雾分离器
技术领域
本发明涉及一种油雾分离器，其被设计为冲击器(impactor)。
背景技术
在例如可以安置在汽车中的内燃机的运转期间，被称作串气的气体通过在活塞和汽缸之间的泄漏进入相应内燃机的曲轴箱中。为了避免曲轴箱内的不希望得到的过压现象发生，或者避免不希望得到的漏气(blow-by gas)扩散进入环境中，使用了所谓的曲轴箱强制通风装置。通常，所述曲轴箱强制通风装置通过通风管道将曲轴箱与内燃机的进气通道(intake passage)连接起来，在内燃机内，特别在节流阀下游，存在相对的负压，该负压使得积聚在曲轴箱中的漏气被从曲轴箱中吸入。另外，在内燃机的运转过程中，产生了油雾，该油雾烟雾状溶解并与漏气混合。为了降低内燃机的油耗并且降低内燃机的污染物排放，通常使用油雾分离器，其用于分离烟雾状溶解在漏气中的油滴，并将其运输到合适的储油容器。逐渐收紧的污染物排放规则要求将油雾分离器的清洁效果进行改进。
根据EP 0860 589 B1，例如，其公开了一种用于曲轴箱强制通风装置的油雾分离器，该分离器包括第一和第二分离器单元以及旁通阀(bypassvalve)。
发明内容
本发明涉及以下技术问题，即提供一种改良的实施方式，其用于具体由高分离率特征限定的油雾分离器。
该问题由本发明独立权利要求1的主题解决，优选的实施方式为从属权利要求的主题。
本发明基于以下总体构思，即一种被设计为冲击器的油雾分离器，其包括至少一个喷嘴装置，该喷嘴装置包括至少一个喷嘴，该油雾分离器还包括冲击墙，该冲击墙定位为与所述至少一个喷嘴相对，本发明的构思基于降低油雾分离器中在所述喷嘴和冲击墙之间的距离。该冲击墙通常被涂覆上分离材料，具体为绒头织物(fleece)或者针织材料，用于增强分离效果。当然，该喷嘴装置通常具有多个相邻设置的喷嘴，与各自的相互距离相比，在其出口区域与分离材料之间，其优选地都具有更小的距离。一般而言，无论以何种方式达到该距离缩短的目的都是可以的，从而可以提供，例如以同样方向，喷嘴以火山状方式突出，和/或分离材料在朝向喷嘴的区域上突出。这里最重要的方面是通过缩短距离，在喷嘴的区域中，在各自喷嘴的出口和相对的分离材料之间，增强得到了喷嘴区域中的漏气的极强流动偏转，因此，可以得到显著改良的分离率。由于喷嘴/分离材料/冲击墙的这种特殊设计，气流速率仅在喷嘴的下游区域中很高，这就导致了较好的分离效果。接下来，气流再次慢下来。这样对组件的差压和安全性具有正面的影响。由于提供了多个喷嘴的事实，从各自喷嘴出口喷出的漏气被迫流动通过分离材料，或者在喷嘴装置和分离材料之间的中间空间流出，其中由于在每种情况下相对布置的分离材料与喷嘴之间具有缩短的距离，所以所述中间空间是崎岖不平的，因此同样，流出的漏气具有较低的流速。如上所述，在喷嘴和对面分离材料之间的在喷嘴区域中的缩短的距离，可以通过喷嘴在分离材料方向上突出，和/或通过分离材料在喷嘴方向上突出完成。特别地，利用本发明所述的油雾分离器，可以得到相对较高的效率以及较高的安全性和较低的差压。
在本发明优选地解决方案中，冲击墙由旁通阀的阀组件构成。因而，该冲击墙通常关闭旁通阀，同时，其表示关闭了喷嘴，从而本文中，只有旁通阀是打开的，才会发生油雾分离。如果是这种情况，后者起到喷嘴的作用，同时打开的阀板起到冲击墙的作用，该阀板例如为被涂覆上分离材料的阀板。在以上述方式配置旁通阀时，其甚至可以用作油雾分离器。
根据权利要求书，附图和结合附图的具体实施方式，本发明其它重要的特征和优点是显而易见的。
应该理解的是，在不脱离本发明范围的情况下，上述已经公开的特征或下文中即将公开的特征不仅能在各自提及的组合中使用，而且能够以其它方式组合使用或者单独使用。
在附图中示出了优选的示例性实施方式，并且在具体实施方式中详细进行了描述，其中相同的附图标记表示相同或者类似或者功能相同的组件。
附图说明
在附图中，示意性地，
图1为本发明油雾分离器的截面图；
图2为对于不同实施方式的类似于图1的示意图；
图3为对于另一种实施方式的类似于图1的示意图；
图4图示了一种油雾分离器，其中，由旁通阀的阀组件构成了冲击墙。
具体实施方式
根据图1-3，一种特别用于曲轴箱强制通风系统的油雾分离器，其包括具有至少一个喷嘴2的阀装置，同时根据图1-3，在每种情况中具有三个喷嘴2。与喷嘴2相对，安置了冲击墙3，该冲击墙涂覆上了分离材料4，具体涂覆上绒头织物、针织材料、或网状材料。根据本发明，在喷嘴2的区域中，在喷嘴2(也就是在所述喷嘴的出口)和分离材料4之间的距离d要小于在喷嘴2周围的区域5中的距离。因此，意图强迫在被设计为冲击器的油雾分离器1内全面减速的流速，因此，显著的改良了分离效果。
如图1所示，冲击墙3可以为不透水的，或者如图2所示，可以提供通道开口6，从而从喷嘴2流出的漏气流7可以沿冲击墙3流动或者可以在某些地方穿过冲击墙3。
在参考图1和2时，在喷嘴2与分离材料4区域中的缩短的距离d是通过喷嘴2朝向冲击墙3(也就是朝向分离材料4)突出而产生的，然而在根据图3的喷嘴2的区域中，缩短的距离3是通过在相对的喷嘴2的区域中朝向该喷嘴突出的分离材料4产生的。当然，两种实施方式的结合也是能够想到的。
此处，当参考图4时，油雾分离器1结合到了阀门装置中，其中冲击墙3是由阀组件构成，具体地由阀板8构成。类似于图1-3所示的冲击墙3，阀板8被涂覆上分离材料4，该分离材料在喷嘴2的区域中朝向该喷嘴2突出，从而与周边区域5相比，在该区域中缩短了喷嘴出口与分离材料4的距离d。在这种情况下，阀装置被设计为提升阀(poppet valve)，其中，当然也是可以想到其它实施方式。
由于多个喷嘴2相互临近布置，通过与相对的冲击墙3干涉，所述喷嘴起到额外地降低了漏气流7的流量屏障的作用，并因此增加了分离效果。该漏气流7可以流动通过分离材料4并沿着分离材料，其中烟雾状溶解在漏气流7中的油雾液滴被分离，收集并重新送回到下面的储油容器中。总体而言，所述油雾分离器1用在曲轴箱强制通风系统中从而降低内燃机的油耗。

Claims (7)

1.一种油雾分离器(1)，其具体应用于曲轴箱强制通风系统，该油雾分离器被设计为冲击器，
-包括具有至少一个喷嘴(2)的喷嘴装置；
-包括冲击墙(3)，该冲击墙定位为与至少一个喷嘴(2)相对，并被涂覆上分离材料(4)；
-其中，在至少一个喷嘴(2)的区域中，与周围区域(5)相比，缩短了该喷嘴(2)与该分离材料(4)之间的距离(d)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的油雾分离器，其特征在于：
该分离材料(4)被设计为绒头织物、针织材料、纤维、或网状材料。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的油雾分离器，其特征在于：
所述至少一个喷嘴(2)从该喷嘴装置朝向该冲击墙(3)突出。
4.根据权利要求1-3中任一项所述的油雾分离器，其特征在于：
该分离材料(4)在与该喷嘴(2)相对的区域内朝向该喷嘴突出。
5.根据权利要求1-4中任一项所述的油雾分离器，其特征在于：
该冲击墙(3)由旁通阀的阀组件构成。
6.根据权利要求5所述的油雾分离器，其特征在于：
该旁通阀被设计为提升阀。
7.根据权利要求1-6中任一项所述的油雾分离器，其特征在于：
该喷嘴装置具有多个喷嘴(2)，通过与冲击墙(3)相互作用，该多个喷嘴起到流量屏障的作用。
CN201080026229.2A 2009-06-12 2010-05-28 油雾分离器 Active CN102803668B (zh)

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US9080477B2 (en) 2015-07-14
EP2440755A1 (de) 2012-04-18
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