CN102792885B - Method for breeding waterlogging tolerant dormant Spanish-type peanut varieties - Google Patents
Method for breeding waterlogging tolerant dormant Spanish-type peanut varieties Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for breeding waterlogging tolerant dormant Spanish-type peanut varieties. The method comprises the following steps: firstly hybridizing dormant peanut varieties with high-yield upright Spanish-type varieties to breed Spanish-type dormant strains with period of dormancy being 60-80 days, secondly hybridizing waterlogging tolerant peanut varieties with high-yield upright Spanish-type varieties to breed Spanish-type waterlogging tolerant strains and finally hybridizing the Spanish-type dormant strains with the Spanish-type waterlogging tolerant strains to breed the waterlogging tolerant dormant Spanish-type peanut varieties with dormancy and waterlogging tolerance being over grade two. The method has the following advantages and effects: the method adopts the conventional breeding technology and is simple; the bred peanut varieties are suitable for the planting mode of two crops a year in south China; the problems of peanut ripening time difference and the losses caused by delayed harvest are successfully solved and high yield of the peanuts is greatly ensured.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to plant variety breeding technique field, be specifically related to a kind of selection of waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties.
Background technology
The main peanut type of South China of China plantation is pearl beans type peanut varieties, belongs to two crops a year peanut producing region.The peanut seed of pearl beans type peanut varieties lacks dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury, and peanut seed maturation time there are differences, and the fruit pin that the low joint of peanut stem branch base portion position forms buries early, pod is early ripe, and that the fruit pin that Gao Jiewei forms buries is late, pod ripe evening.Due to this this class feature of cultivating peanut, when being gathered in the crops after maturation, peanut there will be many problems, first be difficult assurance in results optimal time selection, harvesting peanut is too early, can due to many seeds also not full maturity cause production declining, if but harvesting peanut is excessively late, ripe pod there will be the problem of advance germination; In addition, pod that low knot position forms is early ripe and approach root, after pod maturation due to root high humidity, if meet rainy weather, before results, be easy to occur germination or the decayed fruit of seed, general time decayed fruit rate is in 10% left and right, a run of wet weather weather decayed fruit rate increases the weight of, indivedual plot are up to more than 50% (drawing certainly: the analysis of causes of peanut decayed fruit and prophylactico-therapeutic measures, Henan Agriculture, 2006, (5), 20～21), germination decayed fruit can directly cause peanut quality to decline, and affects peanut yield.
Therefore, select and a kind ofly both there is reasonable dormancy and have the peanut varieties with resistance to overhead flooding injury to solve the peanut of South China to seem very necessary in the problem of field germination decayed fruit.But, the current seed selection report that also pearl beans type peanut varieties is not carried out dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming and defect of prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of selection of waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties, the method can select the new peanut variety that not only has resistance to overhead flooding injury but also have dormancy rapidly.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A selection for waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties, comprises the steps:
(1) selecting resting stage is that the dormancy peanut varieties of 60～80 days is done parent one, selects the upright pearl beans type of high yield peanut varieties to do parent two, and parent one and parent two are hybridized, and produces first generation seed F
1, F
1form f3generation F for simple grain plantation, selfing
2; F
2for simple grain plantation, selfing, ripe after results seed, and after 30 days, seed is carried out to germination test in results, obtain normally sowed for the F of germination after selecting not have the ethrel of the seed weight fraction 0.05% germinateing to process
3generation; By F
3obtain F for simple grain plantation, selfing
4in generation, select F
4the upright individual plant in generation carries out simple grain plantation again, selfing obtains F
5generation, F
5generation and the offspring who breeds thereof are called pearl beans type dormancy strain;
(2) select high waterlogging peanut varieties to do parent one, select the upright pearl beans type of high yield kind to do parent two, parent one and parent two are hybridized, produce first generation seed F
1, by F
1form f3generation F for simple grain plantation, selfing
2; By F
2for simple grain plantation, selfing, ripe rear results seed, and after 30 days, seed is carried out to resistance to overhead flooding injury test in results, using the chitting piece of processed group in resistance to overhead flooding injury test as F
3generation; By F
3obtain F for simple grain plantation, selfing
4in generation, select F
4the upright individual plant in generation carries out simple grain plantation again and obtains F
5generation, F
5generation and the offspring who breeds thereof are called the waterlogging strain of pearl beans type;
(3) the first generation seed F waterlogging strain phase of the pearl beans type mutual cross obtaining in the pearl beans type dormancy strain obtaining in step (1) and step (2) being produced
1, by F
1form f3generation F for simple grain plantation, selfing
2; By F
2for simple grain plantation, selfing, ripe rear results seed is F
3; By F
3obtain F for simple grain plantation, selfing
4in generation, select F
4the upright individual plant in generation carries out simple grain plantation again, selfing obtains F
5in generation,, to F
5in generation, is carried out the dual approval test of waterlogging dormancy, obtains having dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury and reaches 2 grades of above chitting pieces, i.e. waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut variety seeds;
Wherein,
In step (1), it is climing that described dormancy peanut varieties is preferably the raw type peanut varieties of dragon riverhead half; The upright pearl beans type of described high yield peanut varieties is preferably No. 7, pearl beans type peanut varieties Guangdong oil;
In step (1), described germination test comprised the steps: according to kind breeding time, in the time that it is ripe, gathered in the crops on time, gathered in the crops after 30 days, peel off pericarp, do not hinder its seed coat, choose the seed that seed coat is intact, sterilize with captan, clean with distilled water flushing, be arranged in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, add appropriate distilled water, put into 25 ℃～32 ℃ illumination boxs and secretly cultivate; The 7th day observation germination after cultivation, eliminates the seed having germinateed, and does not have the seed germinateing to be dormant seed;
The step of described captan sterilization is the captan sterilization wetting powder seed dressing with weight fraction 50%, and dosage is seed weight 0.2%;
In step (2), described high waterlogging-tolerant variety is preferably Hunan and spends 119; The upright pearl beans type of described high yield peanut varieties is preferably Guangdong oil 13.
In step (2), after described resistance to overhead flooding injury test comprises the steps: to select stalwartness, full, consistent seed disinfection to process, seed is divided into processed group and control group (CK), wherein, seed in processed group is placed in the culturing pot that is covered with fine sand, makes seed in 1.5cm～2.0cm degree of depth water body toward adding water in culturing pot, within every 24 hours, changes water 1 time, seed in control group is placed in the culturing pot that is lined with filter paper, adds suitable quantity of water to keep the surface of the seed moistening; Then processed group and control group are all placed in illumination box and are cultivated, diurnal temperature is respectively 25 ℃ and 20 ℃ in incubator, the every day of illumination 14 hours under illumination 12000lx condition; Seed culture is statistical disposition group chitting piece number and control group chitting piece number after 60 hours, then the germination rate of statistical disposition group respectively, control group calculates damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate, and formula is:
Damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate=(control group Fa Ya Shuai – processed group germination rate)/control group germination rate; Described damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate is carried out to classification, resistance to overhead flooding injury grade scale is: 1,2,3,4 grades represent respectively Te Nai, waterlogging, in resistance to, not resistance to, corresponding damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate scope 0%～15.0%, 15.1%～30.0%, 30.1%～40.0%, 50.1%～100.0%;
Described disinfecting as with 10% disinfectant with hydrogen peroxide 15min, distilled water rinsing 4 times;
In step (3), the described dual approval test of waterlogging dormancy comprises following concrete steps:
1. identical with described in step in claim 6 (2) of described resistance to overhead flooding injury approval test process, the computing group seed number that chitting piece number and control group have germinateed for the first time;
2. the seed 1. step having been germinateed in processed group is eliminated, reveal sharp seed again with being arranged in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper after 0.05% ethrel processing to not observing radicle in processed group, add appropriate distilled water, put into 25 ℃～32 ℃ illumination boxs and secretly cultivate; After cultivation the 4th day observe germination, eliminate the seed that there is no germination, the seed having germinateed is waterlogging dormant seed, the waterlogging dormant seed number of computing group, i.e. processed group chitting piece number for the second time;
3. the germination rate of statistical disposition group respectively, control group calculates damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate, and formula is:
Damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate=(control group germination rate-processed group germination rate)/control group germination rate;
Processed group germination rate in this step=(step 1. in the processed group seed number+step of having germinateed for the first time 2. in processed group chitting piece number for the second time)/processed group seed number, described damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate is carried out to resistance to overhead flooding injury classification, resistance to overhead flooding injury grade scale is: 1,2,3,4 grades represent respectively Te Nai, waterlogging, in resistance to, not resistance to, corresponding damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate scope 0%～15.0%, 15.1%～30.0%, 30.1%～40.0%, 50.1%～100.0%.
Described disinfecting as with 10% disinfectant with hydrogen peroxide 15min, distilled water rinsing 4 times.
The present invention adopts traditional breeding method first raw dragon type peanut varieties dormancy proterties to be transferred in pearl beans type peanut varieties, to be controlled at resting stage within the scope of 60～80 days, gather in the crops 30 days afterwards plantation still can normally germinate, do not need to process, the suitable 1 year both parties in a lawsuit's in South China planting habit, according to 30 days general flowering stage, by needing within 60 days, calculate from being seeded into seed maturity, i.e. dormancy 30 days when ripe seed results at first, after results, also has the resting stage of 30 days, the whole maturations of seed are gathered in the crops again like this, seed can not germinate, after timely results or results, be not dried and also can not germinate in time, guarantee the harvest of seed, because peanut seed also exists results not in time, especially under rainy weather environment, peanut foundation humidity causes more greatly the rotten problem of seed, the present invention transfers to the waterlogging proterties of waterlogging type peanut varieties in pearl beans type peanut varieties by traditional breeding method again, waterlogging type peanut varieties can also can not lose vigor after 60 hours in waterflooding, even if therefore waterflooding 2 days can rotten kind yet before ripe seed results early, finally again the pearl beans type peanut varieties with dormancy proterties is hybridized with the pearl beans type peanut varieties with waterlogging proterties, select the new peanut variety that not only there is dormancy but also there is resistance to overhead flooding injury, these new varieties have successfully solved peanut maturation time difference and have gathered in the crops the loss causing not in time, have improved greatly the output of peanut.
The present invention has following advantage and effect with respect to prior art:
(1) the present invention adopts conventional breeding technique to carry out seed selection, and method is simple.
(2) peanut varieties that the present invention cultivates not only has stronger resistance to overhead flooding injury but also have stronger dormancy, wherein, the resting stage of the peanut varieties that the present invention cultivates was controlled within the scope of 60～80 days, gather in the crops 30 days afterwards plantation still can normally germinate, do not need to process the suitable 1 year both parties in a lawsuit's in South China planting habit; The resistance to overhead flooding injury that peanut varieties has is forced to such an extent that seed also can not lose vigor after 60 hours in waterflooding, even if therefore before ripe seed results early, waterflooding 2 days can rotten kind yet, successfully solve the loss that peanut maturation time difference and results cause not in time, greatly guaranteed the high yield of peanut.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, but embodiments of the present invention are not limited to this.
The first step imports raw dragon type riverhead half runner bean dormancy proterties in pearl beans type kind, cultivate output higher and elite plant strain that dormancy is strong
(1) select that the raw type sprawling species of dragon riverhead half is climing does parent one, select the high yield erect type pearl beans type new varieties Guangdong oil of applying at present to do parent two No. 7.
Wherein, Ban Manyou Guangdong Province, riverhead academy of agricultural sciences crop provides, and Ban Manshi Guangdong Province, riverhead riverhead county farm variety belongs to the raw type of subspecies dragon of alternately blooming, plant type is partly crawled, close branch, plant height 44.3cm ± 8.3, the long 60.8 ± 10.7cm of side shoot, long in breeding time, belong to middle seasonal strain, Grain Dormancy is strong, and resting stage is about 70 days.
Guangdong No. 7 Shi You Guangdong Province academy of agricultural sciences crops of oil provide, and this kind is upright pearl beans type, bloom continuously, and sparse branching, about the 124 days time of infertility, seed does not have dormancy.
(2) climingly take riverhead half hybridize the first generation seed F of generation for oily No. 7 as male parent as maternal, Guangdong
1, F
1for simple grain plantation, after selfing, form f3generation F
2; F
2after simple grain plantation, selfing maturation, gather in the crops seed, seed results were carried out germination test to seed after 30 days, peel off pericarp, do not hinder its seed coat, choose the seed that seed coat is intact, use 50%(mass fraction) seed dressing of captan sterilization wetting powder, dosage is 0.2% of seed weight, by clean with distilled water flushing the seed after sterilization, is arranged in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, add appropriate distilled water, put into 25 ℃～32 ℃ illumination boxs and secretly cultivate; The 7th day observation germination after cultivation, eliminates the seed having germinateed, and does not have the seed germinateing to be dormant seed; Select not have the seed germinateing, then use 0.05%(mass fraction) ethrel obtains sowed for the F of normal germination after processing
3; By F
3for obtaining dormancy F after simple grain plantation, selfing
4for individual plant, from F
4f is bred in upright individual plant the selfing in generation, selected
5generation, F
5generation and offspring thereof are called dormancy strain (being D system), from F
5go out seed and be numbered respectively D for random choose in seed
1, D
2, D
3as the hybrid strain of cultivating waterlogging dormancy new peanut variety.
Second step imports the waterlogging proterties of waterlogging peanut varieties in pearl beans type kind, cultivates strain waterlogging and that economical character is good
(1) select flower 119(Hunan, special waterlogging peanut varieties Hunan soil and fertilizer research institute of academy of agricultural sciences to provide) work female parent; Select the high yield erect type pearl beans type new varieties Yue You 13(Guangdong Province academy of agricultural sciences crop of applying at present to provide) make male parent.
Wherein, attractive in appearance, large fruit, the good peanut varieties of high yield that soil and fertilizer research institute of Xiang Hua119Shi Hunan academy of agricultural sciences is bred as, it is strong that this kind has resistance to overhead flooding injury, the feature about 30 days resting stages; Guangdong oil 13 is kinds of Crop Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences seed selection, and this kind is upright pearl beans type, and seed does not have dormancy, a little less than resistance to overhead flooding injury.
(2) by Hunan flower 119(♀) and Guangdong oil 13
hybridize the first generation seed F of generation
1, by F
1plant for simple grain.
(3) F
1form f3generation F for selfing
2, by F
2for simple grain plantation, after selfing maturation, gather in the crops, and after 30 days, seed is carried out to resistance to overhead flooding injury test for identification in results, wherein, select 30, stalwartness, full, consistent seed, repeat 3 groups; Seed, fine sand, plastic culture alms bowl (internal diameter 12cm, degree of depth 10cm) are used to 10%(mass fraction) disinfectant with hydrogen peroxide 15min, distilled water rinsing 4 times; Each culturing pot adds enough water, makes seed in 1.5cm～2.0cm degree of depth water body, within every 24 hours, changes water 1 time; Finally, each group of culturing pot is positioned in culturing room, while keeping culturing room illumination, temperature is that 25 ℃, the lower temperature of unglazed photograph are 20 ℃, and every day, light application time was 14 hours, and illumination is 12000lx; Cultivate after 60 hours using chitting piece as sowing F
3in generation,, by F
3for obtaining F after simple grain plantation, selfing
4for waterlogging individual plant, from F
4the upright individual plant of selecting in generation is also bred F
5generation, F
5generation and offspring thereof are called waterlogging strain (being T system), are numbered respectively T
1, T
2, T
3as the hybrid strain of cultivating waterlogging dormancy new peanut variety.
The 3rd step is cultivated waterlogging and is had a strain of dormancy
The D obtaining with the first step
1, D
2, D
3numbering seed is maternal, with the T obtaining in second step
1, T
2, T
3numbering seed is male parent, by D
1, D
2, D
3respectively with T
1, T
2, T
3phase mutual cross, produces F4 generation through the selfing of 3 generations, selects individual plant upright, that individual plant fruit number is greater than 15, selects F
4the upright individual plant in generation carries out simple grain plantation again and obtains F
5in generation,, to F
5for the dual approval test of the waterlogging dormancy of seed, concrete process of the test is as follows:
After selecting healthy and strong, full, consistent seed disinfection to process, it is processed group and control group (CK) that seed is divided into 2 groups, and 30 seeds are one group; Wherein, seed in processed group is placed in the culturing pot that is covered with fine sand, makes seed in 1.5cm～2.0cm degree of depth water body toward adding water in culturing pot, within every 24 hours, changes water 1 time, seed in control group is placed in the culturing pot that is lined with filter paper, adds suitable quantity of water to keep the surface of the seed moistening; Then processed group and control group are all placed in illumination box and are cultivated, diurnal temperature is respectively 25 ℃ and 20 ℃ in incubator, the every day of illumination 14 hours under illumination 12000lx condition; The chitting piece number (processed group is chitting piece number for the first time) of 60 hours statistical disposition groups of seed culture and the chitting piece number of control group;
Chitting piece in processed group (have resistance to overhead flooding injury and there is no dormancy) is eliminated, reveal sharp seed again with being arranged in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper after 0.05% ethrel processing to not observing radicle in processed group, add appropriate distilled water, put into 25 ℃～32 ℃ illumination boxs and secretly cultivate; The 4th day observation germination after cultivation, eliminates the seed that there is no germination, and the seed having germinateed is waterlogging dormant seed, the seed number (processed group is chitting piece number for the second time) that statistics has been germinateed.
The germination rate of statistical disposition group respectively, control group calculates damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate, and formula is:
Damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate=(control group germination rate-processed group germination rate)/control group germination rate;
Processed group germination rate=(processed group is chitting piece number+processed group chitting piece number for the second time for the first time)/processed group seed number.
The damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate calculating is carried out to classification, resistance to overhead flooding injury grade scale is: 1,2,3,4 grades represent respectively Te Nai, waterlogging, in resistance to, not resistance to, corresponding damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate scope 0%～15.0%, 15.1%～30.0%, 30.1%～40.0%, 50.1%～100.0%.
To have dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury reaches more than 2 grades F5 seed and is numbered respectively 09/61,09/101,09/22,09/8,09/32,09/25,09/94,09/18,09/66,09/39.
Above-mentioned numbering seed is sowed to the waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut strain that is corresponding numbering by strain plantation.
Wherein, D
1♀ × T
1♂ → F1 selfing 3 generations → F4 → selection is upright, individual plant fruit number is greater than the dual approval test of individual plant → F5 strain → waterlogging dormancy of 15 and chooses and have dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury and reach 2 grades of 2 above F5 strains and be new lines and be numbered 09/61,09/101;
Equally, D
1♀ × T
2♂ → F1 selfing 3 generations → F4 → selection is upright, individual plant fruit number is greater than individual plant → F5 strain → selections of 15 and has dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury and reach 2 grades of 2 F5 strains above and be new lines and be numbered 09/22,09/8;
D
2♀ × T
3♂ → F1 selfing 3 generations → F4 → selection is upright, individual plant fruit number is greater than individual plant → F5 strain → selections of 15 and has dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury and reach 2 grades of 2 F5 strains above and be new lines and be numbered 09/32,09/25;
D
3♀ × T
1♂ → F1 selfing 3 generations → F4 → selection is upright, individual plant fruit number is greater than individual plant → F5 strain → selections of 15 and has dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury and reach 2 grades of 2 F5 strains above and be new lines and be numbered 09/94,09/18;
D
3♀ × T
2♂ → F1 selfing 3 generations → F4 → selection is upright, individual plant fruit number is greater than individual plant → F5 strain → selections of 15 and has dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury and reach 2 grades of 2 F5 strains above and be new lines and be numbered 09/66,09/39.
The yield trials of the waterlogging dormancy pearl beans of the 4th step type peanut strain
10 waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut strains that the 3rd step is obtained, carry out output comparative test take Shanyou 523 (being provided by the institute of agricultural sciences of Shantou City) as contrast kind of (CK).In test, the concrete operation method of required plantation is: adopt randomised block design, each strain is established I, II and tri-groups of repetitions of III, and every group arranges community cultivated area is 1.7m × 8.0m, planting density is 5 × 6 cun, two seeds of each sowing bunch planting, and planting soil is sandy loam, keep irrigation and drainage convenient, all the other manage routinely cultivation management in the daytime, and (Li Shaoxiong writes for reference: Zhou Guiyuan, Liang Xuanqiang, peanut production practical technique, Guangdong science and technology publishing house, 2008,81～84).
After each peanut strain and control group plantation results, by peanut yield statistics, result is as shown in following table one:
The each strain rate schedule of table one
In 10 groups of waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut strains of participating in the experiment as can be seen from Table I,, have 8 with respect to control group output have significant increase.Wherein, numbering 09/61 peanut strain is than Shanyou 523 volume increase 38.53%, and numbering 09/101 peanut strain, than Shanyou 523 volume increase 21.58%, is picked out these two peanut strains.
The 5th step production test and waterlogging dormancy are identified
The peanut product of the numbering 09/61,09/101 that the 4th step is picked out are that test material carries out, there is no the conventional variety Shanyou 523 (being provided by the institute of agricultural sciences of Shantou City) of dormancy as contrast kind.The required plantation concrete operation method of production test is: each strain and control group are respectively established to I, tri-groups of repetitions of II and III, Mei Zu community cultivated area is 0.02 mu, by randomised block design, field management is according to normal Cultivate administration mode (reference: Zhou Guiyuan, beam is dazzled by force, Li Shaoxiong writes, peanut production practical technique, Guangdong science and technology publishing house, 2008, 81～84), carry out output statistics take each community as unit, in addition, from each community random choose go out 200, seed carry out respectively resistance to overhead flooding injury approval test and resting stage approval test, select the seed with waterlogging dormancy.
Wherein, resting stage, approval test method was: according to each kind breeding time, when ripe, gather in the crops on time, peel off pericarp, do not hinder its seed coat, choose the seed that seed coat is intact, with captan sterilization, clean with distilled water flushing, be arranged in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, add appropriate distilled water, put into 25 ℃～32 ℃ illumination boxs and secretly cultivate; After cultivation the 10th day statistics germination rate, the germination rate using the mean of germination rate as kind once at interval of investigation in 5 days, is counted during from results later, to germination rate reach 80% for time the number of days that stops be resting stage.
Numbering 09/61,09/101 peanut strain and Shanyou 523 plantation results Hou Jiangge community peanut yield, resistance to overhead flooding injury test and resting stage test for identification result statistics, result is as shown in following table two:
Table two mill trial results
As can be seen from Table II, the peanut strain of numbering 09/61,09/101 is compared and contrasts peanut varieties Shanyou 523, there is respectively 24.67%, 15.63% rate of growth, in addition, the peanut product of numbering 09/61 are that resistance to overhead flooding injury is special resistance to rank, resting stage is 65 days, and the peanut strain resistance to overhead flooding injury of numbering 09/101 is waterlogging rank, and resting stage is 70 days.
Above-described embodiment is preferably embodiment of the present invention; but embodiments of the present invention are not restricted to the described embodiments; other any do not deviate from change, the modification done under Spirit Essence of the present invention and principle, substitutes, combination, simplify; all should be equivalent substitute mode, within being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a selection for waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties, is characterized in that comprising the steps:
(1) selecting resting stage is that the dormancy peanut varieties of 60～80 days is done parent one, selects the upright pearl beans type of high yield peanut varieties to do parent two, and parent one and parent two are hybridized, and produces first generation seed F
1, F
1form f3generation F for simple grain plantation, selfing
2; F
2for simple grain plantation, selfing, ripe after results seed, and after 30 days, seed is carried out to germination test in results, obtain normally sowed for the F of germination after selecting not have the ethrel of the seed weight fraction 0.05% germinateing to process
3generation; By F
3obtain F for simple grain plantation, selfing
4in generation, select F
4the upright individual plant in generation carries out simple grain plantation again, selfing obtains F
5generation, F
5generation and the offspring who breeds thereof are called pearl beans type dormancy strain;
(2) select high waterlogging peanut varieties to do parent one, select the upright pearl beans type of high yield kind to do parent two, parent one and parent two are hybridized, produce first generation seed F
1, by F
1form f3generation F for simple grain plantation, selfing
2; By F
2for simple grain plantation, selfing, ripe rear results seed, and after 30 days, seed is carried out to resistance to overhead flooding injury test in results, using the chitting piece of processed group in resistance to overhead flooding injury test as sowing F
3generation; By F
3obtain F for simple grain plantation, selfing
4in generation, select F
4the upright individual plant in generation carries out simple grain plantation again and obtains F
5generation, F
5generation and the offspring who breeds thereof are called the waterlogging strain of pearl beans type;
(3) the first generation seed F waterlogging strain phase of the pearl beans type mutual cross obtaining in the pearl beans type dormancy strain obtaining in step (1) and step (2) being produced
1, by F
1form f3generation F for simple grain plantation, selfing
2; By F
2for simple grain plantation, selfing, ripe rear results seed is F
3; By F
3obtain F for simple grain plantation, selfing
4in generation, select F
4the upright individual plant in generation carries out simple grain plantation again, selfing obtains F
5in generation,, to F
5in generation, is carried out the dual approval test of waterlogging dormancy, obtains having dormancy and resistance to overhead flooding injury and reaches 2 grades of above chitting pieces, i.e. waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut variety seeds;
In step (1), described dormancy peanut varieties is that riverhead half is climing; The upright pearl beans type of described high yield peanut varieties is No. 7, Guangdong oil;
In step (2), the waterlogging peanut varieties of described height is that Hunan spends 119; The upright pearl beans type of described high yield peanut varieties is Guangdong oil 13;
The dual approval test of waterlogging dormancy described in step (3) comprises following concrete steps:
1. after described resistance to overhead flooding injury test comprises the steps: to select stalwartness, full, consistent seed disinfection to process, seed is divided into processed group and control group, wherein, seed in processed group is placed in the culturing pot that is covered with fine sand, make seed in 1.5cm～2.0cm degree of depth water body toward adding water in culturing pot, within every 24 hours, change water 1 time, the seed in control group is placed in the culturing pot that is lined with filter paper, adds suitable quantity of water to keep the surface of the seed moistening; Then processed group and control group are all placed in illumination box and are cultivated, diurnal temperature is respectively 25 ℃ and 20 ℃ in incubator, the every day of illumination 14 hours under illumination 12000lx condition; Seed culture is statistical disposition group chitting piece number and control group chitting piece number after 60 hours; The computing group seed number that chitting piece number and control group have germinateed for the first time;
2. the seed 1. step having been germinateed in processed group is eliminated, reveal sharp seed again with being arranged in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper after 0.05% ethrel processing to not observing radicle in processed group, add appropriate distilled water, put into 25 ℃～32 ℃ illumination boxs and secretly cultivate; After cultivation the 4th day observe germination, eliminate the seed that there is no germination, the seed having germinateed is waterlogging dormant seed, the waterlogging dormant seed number of computing group, i.e. processed group chitting piece number for the second time;
3. the germination rate of statistical disposition group respectively, control group calculates damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate, and formula is:
Damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate=(control group Fa Ya Shuai – processed group germination rate)/control group germination rate;
Processed group germination rate in this step=(step 1. in the processed group seed number+step of having germinateed for the first time 2. in processed group chitting piece number for the second time)/processed group seed number, described damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate is carried out to resistance to overhead flooding injury classification, resistance to overhead flooding injury grade scale is: 1,2,3,4 grades represent respectively Te Nai, waterlogging, in resistance to, not resistance to, corresponding damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging rate scope 0%～15.0%, 15.1%～30.0%, 30.1%～40.0%, 50.1%～100.0%.
2. the selection of waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In step (1), described germination test comprised the steps: according to kind breeding time, in the time that it is ripe, gathered in the crops on time, gathered in the crops after 30 days, peel off pericarp, do not hinder its seed coat, choose the seed that seed coat is intact, sterilize with captan, clean with distilled water flushing, be arranged in the culture dish that is covered with filter paper, add appropriate distilled water, put into 25 ℃～32 ℃ illumination boxs and secretly cultivate; The 7th day observation germination after cultivation, eliminates the seed having germinateed, and does not have the seed germinateing to be dormant seed.
3. the selection of waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties according to claim 2, is characterized in that:
The step of described captan sterilization is the captan sterilization wetting powder seed dressing with weight fraction 50%, and dosage is seed weight 0.2%.
4. the selection of waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties according to claim 1, is characterized in that:
In step (2), after described resistance to overhead flooding injury test comprises the steps: to select stalwartness, full, consistent seed disinfection to process, seed is divided into processed group and control group, wherein, seed in processed group is placed in the culturing pot that is covered with fine sand, makes seed in 1.5cm～2.0cm degree of depth water body toward adding water in culturing pot, within every 24 hours, changes water 1 time, seed in control group is placed in the culturing pot that is lined with filter paper, adds suitable quantity of water to keep the surface of the seed moistening; Then processed group and control group are all placed in illumination box and are cultivated, diurnal temperature is respectively 25 ℃ and 20 ℃ in incubator, the every day of illumination 14 hours under illumination 12000lx condition; Seed culture is statistical disposition group chitting piece number and control group chitting piece number after 60 hours.
5. the selection of waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties according to claim 4, is characterized in that:
Described disinfecting as with 10% disinfectant with hydrogen peroxide 15min, distilled water rinsing 4 times.
6. the selection of waterlogging dormancy pearl beans type peanut varieties according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described disinfecting as with 10% disinfectant with hydrogen peroxide 15min, distilled water rinsing 4 times.
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| CN104542264B (en) * | 2015-01-14 | 2017-01-18 | 山东省花生研究所 | Breeding method of high-oleic-acid dormancy peanut variety |
| CN104833776A (en) * | 2015-05-09 | 2015-08-12 | 安徽省农业科学院棉花研究所 | Cotton flooding tolerance evaluation method |
| CN105284604B (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2017-11-24 | 广东省农业科学院作物研究所 | A kind of breeding method of black high-yield peanut variety |
| CN108040848A (en) * | 2017-12-08 | 2018-05-18 | 山东省花生研究所 | A kind of peanut seedling phase Salt-Tolerance Identification method |
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| 珍珠豆型花生新品种——桂花15;佚名;《北京农业》;19951231(第3期);第13页 * |
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