CN102792872B - Mud-carried water-saving forestation method - Google Patents
Mud-carried water-saving forestation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102792872B CN102792872B CN201210204066.3A CN201210204066A CN102792872B CN 102792872 B CN102792872 B CN 102792872B CN 201210204066 A CN201210204066 A CN 201210204066A CN 102792872 B CN102792872 B CN 102792872B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/22—Improving land use; Improving water use or availability; Controlling erosion
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/10—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
- Y02A40/28—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/40—Afforestation or reforestation
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Abstract
The invention provides a mud-carried water-saving forestation method. In a mountainous area of the eastern part of Liaoning province, by the forestation method, under the condition that trees are not watered during planting, the one-time forestation survival rate is over 90 percent; and the mud-carried water-saving forestation method can be applied to growing a water conservation ecological forest and a commercial forest at the upstream of a Hun river basin.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of forestation, relate in particular to a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation.
Background technology
Eastern mountainous (meaning Dandong, Fushun and Benxi District) belongs to Changbai Mountain vegetation fauna, and the percentage of forest cover and forest resources occupancy volume are higher, forest reserves 18113.99 ten thousand m
374.19% of ，Zhan the whole province, forestry land area 375.27 ten thousand hm
253.99% of ，Zhan the whole province forestry land area, Forest Land Area 342.53 ten thousand hm
2，Zhan eastern mountainous forestry land area 91.28%.5～8 ℃ of year-round average temperatures, 140～160 days frost-free seasons, annual rainfall is at 760～810mm.
Mountainous Region of East Liaoning Province is with a varied topography, and mountain region is because of gradient difference, and soil-forming process is different, and soil thickness and the soil texture differ greatly, because afforestation phase air humidity is little, day drought, without rain, is planted trees and is watered because of ground type complexity again, transportation inconvenience, adopts dry farming to plant trees substantially, and usually survival rate does not ensure.Tradition afforestation mode to be adopted to get ready and determines cave, unified digging pit, and three bury two steps on one and carries seedling method of forestation ， mountain area dry farming afforestation, and by natural precipitation, survival rate does not have the assurance of essence; Its reason mainly contains: under spring, arid was without rain condition condition, (1) is dug hollow place and can be caused evapotranspiring of soil moisture, owing to digging time of hollow place cost longer, in soil exposure air, the soil on Bi Hefandao earth's surface, hole can be drained by wind; (2) dig hollow place because surface vegetation damage area is larger, can cause earth's surface water and soil leakage aggravation, be unfavorable for water and soil conservation and water source self-restraint; (3) dig hollow place afforestation cost manpower many, can increase cost of forestation.(4) afforestation is watered and can be solved on the spot water source in flat area, but cost of forestation improves, and planting out is mostly away from the remote mountain areas of residential block, fetch water and draw mountain waterborne to water tree, because there is no road, car can not arrive at, by manually very limited with the transport power of carrying water pickaback, be difficult for applying.(5) unify first mass and dig pit, the tree planting pattern that then mass is planted trees, not only soil water evaporation scatters and disappears fast, in hole, hole is outer is formed dry ground by wind waved, and the young plant root system that transports the limit, hole that plants trees to directly exposes under sunlight, easily cause seedling root dehydration, turning green after unfavorable nursery stock cultivation.(6) in green belt, Plain and mountain area custom, adopt three to bury two and step on an afforestation technology of carrying seedling, find under study for action, this afforestation technology adopts afforestation to water operation work in Plain is continuous, survival rate can not be affected, Dan mountain area does not have in situation that condition waters, and soil is processed through upwards carrying seedling, easily because soil layer is thin, plant shallow, be unfavorable for Survival rate of nursery stock.In sum, because of the inconvenience of watering of planting trees in mountain area spring, tree planting can not utilize mountain soil to return slurry condition period, ubiquity afforestation nursery stock does not cut root, sleeping seedling phenomenon is very general, affect the formation of the new root of nursery stock and the physiological of master root system and recover, nursery stock Water-retaining Measure is bad in addition, and composite factor affects nursery stock survival rate.
Summary of the invention
Goal of the invention: the invention provides a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation, its objective is in the afforestation of eastern mountainous, solve the existing survival rate of method of forestation and the lower problem of storage rate in the past.
Technical scheme: the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A slurry water saving method of forestation, is characterized in that: the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
(1), nursery stock is cut to root, the length of cutting root is: it is long that 1 year raw seedling can cut lateral root root to 10～15cm, and within 2 years, raw seedling lateral root is grown by 15～20cm;
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, first configures clay, in described clay mortar, dry ground groups of grains becomes: powder quality accounts for 25%, grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%; Clay and water proportioning are 2:1, take 2 parts of clays, measure 1 part, clear water (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will in " (one) " step, cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, and rhizome to the hanging rate at main root tip of a root position reaches the more than 95% of root surface area;
(3), lifting and fortune way moisturizing, after lifting, carry out in time moisturizing processing, by the nursery stock after processing in " (two) " step, adopt moist keeping measures to transport planting site to, nursery stock will be with the moisturizing of immersion driven straw bag weaving lid seedling during seedling for fortune, and root mud is fallen in the erosion of avoiding watering in fortune way;
(4), top slurry afforestation, nursery stock push up slurry and afforests and can carry out in mid or late April in spring, to April 25, can delay 3～5 days April 15 period of planting seedlings during low temperature;
(5), transplanted seedling tree, it is the method that pit digging plants trees that the mode of planting adopts, the hole diameter of planting trees is that 25～40cm, the degree of depth are 25～35cm;
(6), ridging treads, sapling righting is once earthed up and is treaded, nursery stock will be put the central righting of hole, the bulk density of soil of treading is that light loam will reach and is not less than 1.1～1.2g/cm
3, clay loam will reach 1.2～1.3 g/cm
3, clay unit weight reaches and is not less than 1.3 g/cm
3;
(7), ridging tread after earthing at once, covering loose table soil thickness is 3～4cm;
(8), tree dish covering film, on the earthing of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, be covered with one deck black mulch film.
In " (four) " step, when afforestation top slurry will be worked as soil and thawed and carry out while deeply reaching 25 cm～35cm.
In " (eight) " step, institute's covering film is unregistered land film, the circle of square or Φ 25cm～Φ 40cm that mulch film is 25cm * 25cm～40cm * 40cm.
In " (eight) " step, concrete film covering method is: mulch film is cut into square or circular by size, its size adapts with the diameter of tree dish, mulch film one side of cutting out, cut off the opening of a radius length, if the radius length that the opening length that circular mulch film is cut off is circular mulch film, if square mulch film, the length of the opening of cutting off is 1/2 of the length of side, then opening part is aimed to nursery stock, pull mulch film, make nursery stock butt be placed in mulch film central authorities, and make the rhizome of sapling be positioned at center membrane, mulch film is stretched and put down and tile on tree dish soil surface, covered after mulch film, again with table soil pressure covering film, table soil thickness reaches 2cm, mulch film Yu Genjing focuses on contact position Yong Tuba gap and covers sternly, preventing that sunlight from drinking hinders bark.
When in " (two) " step, large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, the mud that fortune is low to moderate planting site dips in offspring and will be placed in Bi Yin lee side, and covers material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, if overnight with seedling, dig and heel in ditch temporarily nursery stock is heeled in, ready access upon use during afforestation.
Heel in temporarily ditch wide * dark=cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, heeling in the length of ditch determines according to nursery stock quantity, heeling on ditch nursery stock individual layer and bilayer is put or bundled putting, earthing is to 1/2 place of height of seedling and step on sternly at root system position temporarily, prevents the dehydration of divulging a secret.
In " (two) " step, for the detection employing of hanging rate, randomly draw method, beat out Bales and randomly draw 5% Bales of nursery stock in batch, hang up mud rate reach 100% between rhizosphere from the vertical tip of a root to rhizome, local spotting bulk does not hang up mud rate and is less than 5%.
Advantage and effect: the invention provides a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation, in eastern mountainous, adopt method of forestation of the present invention, planting trees do not water in the situation that, one time survival rate can reach more than 90%, and the technology is applied construction water source, upstream, the Hun River basin self-restraint ecological forest and timber forest.
embodiment:below the present invention is described further:
The invention provides a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
(1), nursery stock cuts root, because nursery stock horizontal branch and the vertical root of planting out are comparatively flourishing, main, lateral root is longer, in order to reduce when afforestation because of the sleeping root of the long generation of root system and plane hollow place vegetation destruction phenomenon, improve survival rate and amount of growth, and promote mitogenetic new, increase nutrient and moisture absorption area, cutting root length is: 1 year raw seedling can cut lateral root root and retain 10～15cm length, and 2 years raw seedling lateral roots cut root and retain 15～20cm length.
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, it is because of overlong time in nursery stock exposure air in afforestation or in transportation that exposed root and shoot forestation affects one of survival rate key element, or transported to planting site and effectively do not protected, expose overlong time under sunlight, seedling root is drained by wind and the root system dehydration that causes, having utilizes water-loss reducer and mud to dip in the report of root, but do not see, using the technology as test report and the result of the test of feature clay mortar as root system water-keeping material, wherein, first configure clay, in described clay slip, dry ground quality soil particle consists of: it is US-built that powder quality accounts for 25%(particle-size analysis of soil samples), grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%, 2 parts of clays are watered to 1 part (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will be in " (one) " step cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, rhizome to the hanging rate at main root tip of a root position reach root surface area 95% or above till, the method that detects hanging rate is, randomly draws 5% Bales of nursery stock in batch, beats out Bales and estimates, and hangs up mud rate reach 100% between rhizosphere from the vertical tip of a root to rhizome, and local spotting bulk does not hang up mud rate and is less than 5%.
(3), lifting and fortune way moisturizing, lifting carried out in time moisturizing processing and transported planting site to the same day, during fortune seedling, nursery stock will be covered seedling moisturizing with immersion driven straw bag weaving, but avoid watering water loss root mud in fortune way, when large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, the mud that fortune is low to moderate planting site dips in offspring and is placed in Bi Yin lee side, and cover material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, overnightly with seedling, preferably dig and heel in ditch temporarily and heel in, ready access upon use during afforestation, heel in temporarily ditch wide * dark=cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, heeling in ditch length can determine according to nursery stock quantity, individual layer is put by bundle, earthing is to 1/2 place of the height of tree and at root system position, step on a little sternly, prevent the dehydration of divulging a secret.
(4), top slurry afforestation, top slurry afforestation can be carried out in mid or late April in spring, tree planting period is generally about April 15 to April 25, during low temperature, can delay 3～5 days, concrete when soil thaws while deeply reaching 25 cm～35cm left and right, carry out, tree well bottom at this moment is still frozen soil state, the conductance by the melt water of tree well lower curtate frozen soil solid ice along soil capillary rising, keep the suitable humidity of soil, the surviving of favourable nursery stock.
(5), pit digging plant, pit digging is planted and can be prevented from digging pit soil Fan Dao earth's surface one side open-assembly time escaping compared with Evapotranspiration of The Soil Water long and that produce and underground water part.Be conducive to first prevent soil dehydration, second reduce vegetation deterioration area; Pit digging size depends on nursery stock axial root system and side root length, suit measures to local conditions, do not adopt conventional unified standard dig pit and unify the traditional method that sequential is planted trees, with pit digging with planting trees, used time is few, speed is fast, reduces to greatest extent the moisture loss in evaporation of soil water and transplanted seedling tree process.The hole diameter of planting trees is different because of tree root size, and the hole diameter of planting trees is: 25～40cm, the degree of depth be 25～35cm not etc.
(6), ridging is treaded, righting is once earthed up and is treaded, seedling will be put the central righting of hole, once ridging is treaded, impel sapling root consistent with the bulk density of soil of forest land nature around by the bulk density of soil of artificial disturbance, the soil of being treaded is conducive to the connection of soil capillarity gap pipe, promotes the frozen soil melt water of hole bottom through upwards conduction of capillary, to provide root system required moisture, the bulk density of soil of treading is: light loam will reach 1.1～1.2g/cm
3above, clay loam will reach 1.2～1.3 g/cm
3, clay reaches 1.4 g/cm
3above.
(7), outstanding lid table soil, the tree well surface of being treaded can be because soil moisture be through the unbalanced different with soil physics convergent-divergent power of conduction that make progress capillaceous, and generation crack, if do not taked technical measures, can aggravate scattering and disappearing of soil moisture, be to reduce moisture loss phenomenon, needs at once to cover loose table native after afforestation, thickness is 3～4cm, so that a water conservation interface cover layer to be provided.
(8) ,Shu Panfu unregistered land film, plant trees the phase spring, and often air humidity is lower, and soil water evaporation amount is large, after planting trees, is accompanied by the spring drought phase about 1 month in addition, reduces soil evaporation and keeps soil moisture to seem very important.On the table soil of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, being covered with the moisture that one deck mulch film is more conducive to soil transpiration is held back by water-retaining film, be reduced into water droplet and return to slip in soil and effectively utilized by root system, increased the content of root zone moisture, improved survival rate.Covering film is conducive to increase soil temperature, for the root growth that plants seedlings provides suitable ground temperature condition.Cover unregistered land film and be conducive to suppress the weeds in tree dish, avoided unexpectedly the striving of growing space of weeds and nursery stock, increased the resistance of nursery stock, be conducive to the quick reparation of injured seedling root, increase nursery stock height growth and biomass, improve seedling degree of lignification then, strengthen the cold performance of surviving the winter of nursery stock, reduce disease worm harm, described mulch film is cut into while adopting Mo， unregistered land, agricultural commodity unregistered land film overlay film and is not of a size of the square and circle of Φ 25 * Φ 25～Φ 50cm not etc.
Film covering method, mulch film is cut into square or circular by size, its size adapts with the diameter of tree dish, mulch film one side of cutting out, cut off the opening of a radius length, if the radius length that the opening length that circular mulch film is cut off is circular mulch film, if square mulch film, the length of the opening of cutting off is 1/2 of the length of side, then opening part is aimed to nursery stock, pull mulch film, make nursery stock butt be placed in mulch film central authorities, make the rhizome of sapling be positioned at center membrane, mulch film is stretched and put down and tile on tree dish soil surface, covered after mulch film, again with table soil pressure covering film, table soil thickness reaches 2cm, mulch film Yu Genjing focuses on contact position Yong Tuba gap and covers sternly, preventing that sunlight from drinking hinders bark.
Embodiment 1:
Get 1 year raw tree seedling
(1) length of, nursery stock is cut to root, cutting root is: 10cm is long;
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, in described clay slip, dry ground quality soil particle consists of: it is US-built that powder quality accounts for 25%(particle-size analysis of soil samples), grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%; 2 parts of clays are watered to 1 part (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will in " (one) " step, cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, rhizome to the extension mud rate at main root tip of a root position reaches 95% of root surface area.
(3), lifting and fortune way moisturizing, nursery stock lifting on the same day after processing in " (two) " step was carried out to moisturizing processing and transported planting site to the same day, during fortune seedling, nursery stock will be watered to avoid transporting in way with the moisturizing of immersion driven straw bag weaving lid seedling, and root mud is fallen in erosion;
(4), top slurry afforestation, being characterized as of the period of planting seedlings, is selected in 15～April 20 April, can delay 3～10 days during temperature low temperature; Its soil depth characteristic of thawing is that soil thaws and deeply reaches 30～35 cm, the visible frozen soil state in tree well bottom.
(5), transplanted seedling tree, it is the method that pit digging plants that the mode of planting adopts, the hole diameter of planting trees require be 25～30cm, the degree of depth be 25～35cm not etc.;
(6), ridging treads, sapling righting is once earthed up and is treaded, seedling will be put the central righting of hole, the specification requirement of treading is, being characterized as light loam and will reaching and be not less than 1.1～1.2 g/cm of the bulk density of soil in tree well
3, clay loam will reach 1.2～1.3 g/cm
3, clay reaches 1.3 g/cm
3above;
(7), ridging tread after earthing at once, covering the requirement of loose table soil thickness is 2～4cm;
(8), tree dish covering film, on the earthing of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, be covered with one deck mulch film, mulch film is of a size of 25cm * 25cm～40cm * 40cm or Φ 25cm～Φ 40cm, concrete size is not looked tree well diameter not etc., and covering film method as previously discussed.
When in " (two) " step, large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, the mud that fortune is low to moderate planting site dips in offspring and is placed in Bi Yin lee side, and covers material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, if overnight with seedling, dig and heel in ditch temporarily nursery stock is heeled in, ready access upon use during afforestation.Heel in temporarily ditch wide * dark=cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, heel in the length of ditch and determine because of nursery stock quantity, heel in ditch temporarily, nursery stock is spread in a single layer by bundle, earthing requires to 1/2 place of height of seedling and steps on sternly at root system position, prevents the dehydration of divulging a secret.
Embodiment 2:
Get life in 2 years and move a seedling
(1) length of, nursery stock is cut to root, cutting root is: 15cm is long;
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, in described clay slip, dry ground quality soil particle consists of: it is US-built that powder quality accounts for 25%(particle-size analysis of soil samples), grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%; 2 parts of clays are watered to 1 part (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will in " (one) " step, cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, rhizome to the extension mud rate at main root tip of a root position reaches 95% of root surface area.
(3), lifting and the moisturizing of fortune way, the nursery stock lifting on the same day after processing in " (two) " step was carried out to moisturizing processing and transported planting site to the same day, during fortune seedling, nursery stock will be with the moisturizing of immersion driven straw bag weaving lid seedling, to avoid fortune to water on the way;
(4), top slurry afforestation, will be selected in 20～April 25 April the period of planting seedlings, during temperature low temperature, can delay 3～5 days; Now soil thaws and deeply reaches 25～35 cm
(5), transplanted seedling tree, it is the method that pit digging plants that the mode of planting adopts, the hole diameter of planting trees is that 40cm, the degree of depth are 35cm;
(6), ridging tread, righting is once earthed up and is treaded, seedling will be put the central righting of hole, the bulk density of soil of treading is that light loam requires the bulk density of soil to reach 1.1～1.2 g/cm
3, clay loam will reach 1.2～1.3 g/cm
3, clay reaches 1.3 g/cm
3above;
(7), ridging tread after earthing at once, covering loose table soil thickness and being characterized as 2～4cm;
(8), tree dish covering film, on the earthing of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, be covered with one deck mulch film, mulch film is of a size of 25cm * 25cm～40cm * 40cm or Φ 25cm～Φ 40cm, covering film method is as previously discussed.
When in " (two) " step, large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, the mud that fortune is low to moderate planting site dips in offspring and is placed in and keeps away the moon and ward off wind place, and covers material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, if overnight with seedling, dig and heel in ditch temporarily nursery stock is heeled in, ready access upon use during afforestation.Heel in temporarily ditch wide * height=* cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, heel in the length of ditch because determining according to nursery stock quantity, heeling on ditch nursery stock individual layer is put by bundle temporarily, earthing is to 1/2 place of height of seedling and step on sternly at root system position, prevents the dehydration of divulging a secret.
Embodiment 3:
Get 1 year raw seedling as ratoon;
(1) length of, nursery stock is cut to root, cutting root is: 12cm is long;
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, in described clay slip, dry ground quality soil particle consists of: it is US-built that powder quality accounts for 25%(particle-size analysis of soil samples), grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%; 2 parts of clays are watered to 1 part (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will in " (one) " step, cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, rhizome to the extension mud rate at main root tip of a root position reaches 95% of root surface area.
(3), lifting and the moisturizing of fortune way, the nursery stock lifting on the same day after processing in " (two) " step was carried out to moisturizing processing and transported planting site to the same day, during fortune seedling, nursery stock will be with the moisturizing of immersion driven straw bag weaving lid seedling, but avoids fortune to water on the way;
(4), top slurry afforestation, will be selected in April 19 period of planting seedlings, during low temperature, can delay 3～5 days; Now soil thaws and deeply reaches 27 cm
(5), to stock growing, it is the method that pit digging plants that the mode of cultivation adopts, the hole diameter of planting trees is that 30cm, the degree of depth are 30cm;
(6), ridging treads, righting is once earthed up and is treaded, seedling will be put the central righting of hole, the bulk density of soil of treading is that light loam will reach and is not less than 1.2～1.3g/cm
3, clay loam will reach 1.3～1.4 g/cm
3, clay reaches and is not less than 1.4 g/cm
3;
(7), ridging tread after earthing at once, covering loose table soil thickness is 3.5cm;
(8), tree dish covering film, on the earthing of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, be covered with one deck mulch film, mulch film is of a size of Φ 25 * 35cm, covering film method is as previously discussed.
When in " (two) " step, large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, the mud that fortune is low to moderate planting site dips in offspring and is placed in and keeps away the moon and ward off wind place, and covers material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, if overnight with seedling, dig and heel in ditch temporarily nursery stock is heeled in, ready access upon use during afforestation.Heel in temporarily ditch wide * dark=cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, heel in the length of ditch because determining according to nursery stock quantity, nursery stock is placed in to heeling in is spread in a single layer by bundle in ditch or Das out Bales spreads out and put, earthing is to 1/2 place of height of seedling and step on sternly at root system earthing position, prevents the dehydration of divulging a secret.
Embodiment 4:
Get 2 years raw seedlings as ratoon;
(1) length of, nursery stock is cut to root, cutting root is: 15cm is long;
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, in described clay slip, dry ground quality soil particle consists of: it is US-built that powder quality accounts for 25%(particle-size analysis of soil samples), grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%; 2 parts of clays are watered to 1 part (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will in " (one) " step, cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, rhizome to the extension mud rate at main root tip of a root position reaches 95% of root surface area.
(3), lifting and the moisturizing of fortune way, the nursery stock lifting on the same day after processing in " (two) " step was carried out to moisturizing processing and transported planting site to the same day, during fortune seedling, nursery stock will be with the moisturizing of immersion driven straw bag weaving lid seedling, but avoids fortune to water on the way;
(4), top slurry afforestation, will be selected in April 15 period of planting seedlings, during low temperature, can delay 3～5 days; Now soil thaws and deeply reaches 35 cm
(5), to stock growing, it is the method that pit digging plants that the mode of cultivation adopts, the hole diameter of planting trees is that 25cm, the degree of depth are 30cm;
(6), ridging treads, righting is once earthed up and is treaded, seedling will be put the central righting of hole, the bulk density of soil of treading is that light loam will reach and is not less than 1.2～1.3g/cm
3, clay loam will reach 1.3～1.4 g/cm
3, clay reaches and is not less than 1.4 g/cm
3;
(7), ridging tread after earthing at once, covering loose table soil thickness is 3cm;
(8), tree dish covering film, on the earthing of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, be covered with one deck mulch film, mulch film is of a size of Φ 25 * 25cm, covering film method is as previously discussed.
When in " (two) " step, large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, the mud that fortune is low to moderate planting site dips in offspring and is placed in and keeps away the moon and ward off wind place, and covers material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, if overnight with seedling, dig and heel in ditch temporarily nursery stock is heeled in, ready access upon use during afforestation.Heel in temporarily ditch wide * dark=cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, (this place should be to a condition because determining according to nursery stock quantity for the length of heeling in ditch, for example: the density of putting), heeling on ditch nursery stock individual layer is being put by bundle temporarily, earthing is to 1/2 place of height of seedling and step on sternly at root system position, prevents the dehydration of divulging a secret.
Embodiment 5:
Get 2 years raw seedlings as ratoon;
(1) length of, nursery stock is cut to root, cutting root is: 20cm is long;
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, in described clay slip, dry ground quality soil particle consists of: it is US-built that powder quality accounts for 25%(particle-size analysis of soil samples), grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%; 2 parts of clays are watered to 1 part (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will in " (one) " step, cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, rhizome to the extension mud rate at main root tip of a root position reaches 95% of root surface area.
(3), lifting and the moisturizing of fortune way, the nursery stock lifting on the same day after processing in " (two) " step was carried out to moisturizing processing and transported planting site to the same day, during fortune seedling, nursery stock will be with the moisturizing of immersion driven straw bag weaving lid seedling, but avoids fortune to water on the way;
(4), top slurry afforestation, will be selected in April 25 period of planting seedlings, during low temperature, can delay 3～5 days; Now soil thaws and deeply reaches 30 cm
(5), to stock growing, it is the method that pit digging plants that the mode of cultivation adopts, the hole diameter of planting trees is that 40cm, the degree of depth are 28cm;
(6), ridging treads, righting is once earthed up and is treaded, seedling will be put the central righting of hole, the bulk density of soil of treading is that light loam will reach and is not less than 1.2～1.3g/cm
3, clay loam will reach 1.3～1.4 g/cm
3, clay reaches and is not less than 1.4 g/cm
3;
(7), ridging tread after earthing at once, covering loose table soil thickness is 4cm;
(8), tree dish covering film, on the earthing of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, be covered with one deck mulch film, mulch film is of a size of Φ 25 * 50cm, covering film method is as previously discussed.
When in " (two) " step, large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, the mud that fortune is low to moderate planting site dips in offspring and is placed in Bi Yinpi lee side, and covers material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, if overnight with seedling, dig and heel in ditch temporarily nursery stock is heeled in, ready access upon use during afforestation.Heel in temporarily ditch wide * dark=cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, heel in the length of ditch because determining according to nursery stock quantity, heeling on ditch nursery stock individual layer is put by bundle temporarily, earthing is to 1/2 place of height of seedling and step on sternly at root system position, prevents the dehydration of divulging a secret.
Embodiment 6:
Get 2 years raw seedlings as ratoon;
(1) length of, nursery stock is cut to root, cutting root is: 17cm is long;
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, in described clay slip, dry ground quality soil particle consists of: it is US-built that powder quality accounts for 25%(particle-size analysis of soil samples), grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%; 2 parts of clays are watered to 1 part (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will in " (one) " step, cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, rhizome to the extension mud rate at main root tip of a root position reaches 95% of root surface area.
(3), lifting and the moisturizing of fortune way, the nursery stock lifting on the same day after processing in " (two) " step was carried out to moisturizing processing and transported planting site to the same day, during fortune seedling, nursery stock will be with the moisturizing of immersion driven straw bag weaving lid seedling, but avoids fortune to water on the way;
(4), top slurry afforestation, will be selected in April 22 period of planting seedlings, during low temperature, can delay 3～5 days; Now soil thaws and deeply reaches 27 cm
(5), to stock growing, it is the method that pit digging plants that the mode of cultivation adopts, the hole diameter of planting trees is that 30cm, the degree of depth are 30cm;
(6), ridging treads, righting is once earthed up and is treaded, seedling will be put the central righting of hole, the bulk density of soil of treading is that light loam will reach and is not less than 1.1～1.2g/cm
3, clay loam will reach 1.2～1.3 g/cm
3, clay reaches and is not less than 1.3 g/cm
3above;
(7), ridging tread after earthing at once, covering loose table soil thickness is 3.5cm;
(8), tree dish covering film, on the earthing of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, be covered with one deck mulch film, mulch film is of a size of Φ 25 * 35cm, covering film method is as previously discussed.
When in " (two) " step, large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, the mud that fortune is low to moderate planting site dips in offspring and is placed in and keeps away the moon and ward off wind place, and covers material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, if overnight with seedling, dig and heel in ditch temporarily nursery stock is heeled in, ready access upon use during afforestation.Heel in temporarily ditch wide * dark=cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, heel in the length of ditch because determining according to nursery stock quantity, heeling on ditch nursery stock individual layer is put by bundle temporarily, earthing is to 1/2 place of height of seedling and step on sternly at root system position, prevents the dehydration of divulging a secret.
The agricultural unregistered land film using in the present invention is petrochemical industry material polyethylene plastic products, wherein in Product Process, dosed black graphite material, according to 5 years continuing study results of the technology, observe, the film effect life-span of unregistered land film is about 4 months, thereafter mulch film enters shattering process, through soil enzymolysis, the factor effects such as photetching, macromolecule polyalcohol is degraded into micromolecular carbon compound, through 2 years decomposable processes, become and on molecular level, be difficult for the soil organic matter distinguished, unregistered land film has a wide range of applications in agriculture growing vegetables industry, the report that there is no contaminated environment.
Two forms are below for implementing the application's experimental result data table, wherein:
Table 1 is reed pond, the Gan Jingzi of Manchu Autonomous County of Qingyuan forest farm ditch tables of data
| Seeds | Density (m) | Area (mu) | Survival rate % | Storage rate % |
| White birch | 2×2 | 80 | 97.2% | 95% |
| Larch | 2×2 | 80 | 95% | 92% |
| Manchurian ash | 2×2 | 80 | 92% | 90% |
Table 2 is Forestry Workstations Shang Yuan village, Manchu Autonomous County of Xinbin Yongling Tomb town tables of data
| Seeds | Density (m) | Area (mu) | Survival rate % | Storage rate % |
| White birch | 2×2 | 70 | 95.1 | 93.7 |
| Korean pine | 2×2 | 70 | 92.3 | 90.8 |
| Larch | 2×2 | 70 | 90.0 | 93.4 |
Claims (1)
1. a water saving method of forestation is starched on top, it is characterized in that: the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
(1), nursery stock is cut to root, the length of cutting root is: it is long that 1 year raw seedling cuts root to 10～15cm by lateral root, and within 2 years, raw seedling lateral root is grown by 15～20cm;
(2), cement mud dips in root moisturizing, first configures clay, in described clay mortar, dry ground groups of grains becomes: powder quality accounts for 25%, grains of sand quality accounts for 5%, clay quality accounts for 70%; Clay and water proportioning are 2:1, take 2 parts of clays, measure 1 part, clear water (w/v), then mud are stirred evenly, then will in " (one) " step, cut the bundled root that dips in of nursery stock after root, and rhizome to the hanging rate at main root tip of a root position reaches the more than 95% of root surface area;
(3), lifting and fortune way moisturizing, after lifting, carry out in time moisturizing processing, by the nursery stock after processing in " (two) " step, adopt moist keeping measures to transport planting site to, nursery stock will be with the moisturizing of immersion driven straw bag weaving lid seedling during seedling for fortune, and root mud is fallen in the erosion of avoiding watering in fortune way;
(4), top slurry afforestation, nursery stock push up slurry and afforests and can carry out in mid or late April in spring, to April 25, can delay 3～5 days April 15 period of planting seedlings during low temperature;
(5), transplanted seedling tree, it is the method that pit digging plants trees that the mode of planting adopts, the hole diameter of planting trees is that 25～40cm, the degree of depth are 25～35cm;
(6), ridging tread, sapling righting is once earthed up and is treaded, nursery stock will be put the central righting of hole, the bulk density of soil of treading is that light loam will be not less than 1.1g/cm
3, clay loam will reach 1.2～1.3 g/cm
3, clay unit weight is not less than 1.3 g/cm
3;
(7), ridging tread after earthing at once, covering loose table soil thickness is 3～4cm;
(8), tree dish covering film, on the earthing of the outstanding lid of plant pit, according to the size of tree dish, be covered with one deck black mulch film.
2, slurry water saving method of forestation in a kind of top according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in " (four) " step, will work as soil during top slurry afforestation and thaw and carry out while deeply reaching 25 cm～35cm.
3, a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in " (eight) " step, institute's covering film is unregistered land film the circle of square or Φ 25cm～Φ 40cm that mulch film is 25cm * 25cm～40cm * 40cm.
4, a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in " (eight) " step, concrete film covering method is: mulch film is cut into square or circular by size, its size adapts with the diameter of tree dish, mulch film one side of cutting out, cut off the opening of a radius length, if the radius length that the opening length that circular mulch film is cut off is circular mulch film, if square mulch film, the length of the opening of cutting off is 1/2 of the length of side, then opening part is aimed to nursery stock, pull mulch film, make nursery stock butt be placed in mulch film central authorities, and make the rhizome of sapling be positioned at center membrane, mulch film is stretched and put down and tile on tree dish soil surface, covered after mulch film, again with table soil pressure covering film, table soil thickness reaches 2cm, mulch film Yu Genjing focuses on contact position Yong Tuba gap and covers sternly, preventing that sunlight from drinking hinders bark.
5, a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: when in " (two) " step, large area afforestation is larger by seedling quantity, transport to and to the mud of planting site, dip in offspring and will be placed in Bi Yin lee side, and cover material which can retain moisture and prevent nursery stock dehydration, if overnight with seedling, dig and heel in ditch temporarily nursery stock is heeled in, ready access upon use during afforestation.
6, a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: heel in temporarily ditch wide * dark=cm * 50,40cm～60 cm～70 cm, heeling in the length of ditch determines according to nursery stock quantity, heeling on ditch nursery stock individual layer and bilayer is put or bundled putting temporarily, earthing is to 1/2 place of height of seedling and step on sternly at root system position, prevents the dehydration of divulging a secret.
7, a kind of top slurry water saving method of forestation according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in " (two) " step, for the detection of hanging rate, adopt and randomly draw method and Da out Bales and randomly draw 5% Bales of nursery stock in batch, between rhizosphere, from the vertical tip of a root to rhizome, hang up mud rate and reach 100%, local spotting bulk does not hang up mud rate and is less than 5%.
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| CN112544324A (en) * | 2020-12-04 | 2021-03-26 | 北京星河园林景观工程有限公司 | Ecological afforestation method suitable for semi-bare rock mountain land |
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| CN1926956A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2007-03-14 | 贵州宏晨山茶花资源开发研究所 | Process for bit teabush transplantation and survival |
| CN1994053A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-07-11 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A plantation method capable of improving seedling tree survival rate |
| CN101209019A (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2008-07-02 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Green plant planting method for jujube tree in semi-arid area |
| CN101911906A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-12-15 | 江苏省电力公司沭阳县供电公司 | Tree transplanting method |
| CN102283074A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2011-12-21 | 张冠一 | Method for increasing survival rate in forestation in mountainous areas |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1926956A (en) * | 2006-09-27 | 2007-03-14 | 贵州宏晨山茶花资源开发研究所 | Process for bit teabush transplantation and survival |
| CN1994053A (en) * | 2006-12-15 | 2007-07-11 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | A plantation method capable of improving seedling tree survival rate |
| CN101209019A (en) * | 2006-12-31 | 2008-07-02 | 中国科学院沈阳应用生态研究所 | Green plant planting method for jujube tree in semi-arid area |
| CN101911906A (en) * | 2010-07-16 | 2010-12-15 | 江苏省电力公司沭阳县供电公司 | Tree transplanting method |
| CN102283074A (en) * | 2011-07-01 | 2011-12-21 | 张冠一 | Method for increasing survival rate in forestation in mountainous areas |
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