CN103875430B - A kind of arid district river awns root stock asexual multiplication seedling method - Google Patents
A kind of arid district river awns root stock asexual multiplication seedling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103875430B CN103875430B CN201410137535.3A CN201410137535A CN103875430B CN 103875430 B CN103875430 B CN 103875430B CN 201410137535 A CN201410137535 A CN 201410137535A CN 103875430 B CN103875430 B CN 103875430B
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Abstract
The present invention is directed to arid district Vegetation Restoration of Degraded Ecosystem and rebuild the current demand to pioneer plant, it provides a kind of arid district river awns root stock asexual multiplication seedling method. Soil fertile in 0 ~ 20cm pedosphere under collection scrub growth, before in spring, river awns root stock is sprouted, growth selection stalwartness 1 age root stock, 4 ~ 5cm place, the former base both sides of each bud cuts off, obtain the root stock segment of long 8 ~ 10cm, then plant in seedbed with the spacing level of 15cm, the plantation degree of depth 8 ~ 10cm; The soil volumetric water content maintaining seedbed between nursery stage, 7 ~ 18%, when 6 ~ 8 pieces of blades occur, can move out of seedbed and plant in arid district. Adopt method of the present invention, the river awns seedling having vigor in a large number can be obtained, for arid district's degeneration ecosystem bare area and barren hill Revegetation provide pioneer and practical technique, it is to increase bare area or barren hill vegetation coverage, finally realize dry valley grass-shrub vegetation restoration and reconstitution target.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the degeneration of arid district to fill with grass ecosystem vegetation restoration and reconstruction technology and fill with grass seedling raising technology, it is specifically related to arid district river awns Population breeding, upgrades facilitated technique and method, belong to ecotechnology field.
Background technology
Arid district refers to belong to the area of dry climate, annual rainfall is in below 500mm area, and wherein, 0.03 < ridity < 0.20 is arid district, ridity > 0.20 is half-dried drought-hit area, general reference arid and semi-arid lands of said arid district, usual this area.
The earth there is the land area of more than 1/3rd belong to arid, semiarid area. China's arid, semiarid area area are wide, account for 1/2nd of territory total area. These main features in arid district are: quantity of precipitation is few, and space-time distribution is uneven, variability is very big, and steam output can reach more than 3.5 times of quantity of precipitation, cause weather and soil arid, and water effective is low is limit plant-growth and existence. Arid district vegetation is based on Xerophyte and shrub. Current arid area outstanding problem is that vegetation coverage is low, severe water and soil erosion, and the weather of arid and edatope are that restriction arid area vegetation restoration and reconstruction is crucial.
Under Global climate change background, local climate arid can cause arid, Semiarid land ecosystems to face the more serious deterioration of the ecological environment and vegetation degeneration. Therefore, promoting arid district crucial native soil plant population seedling establishment, it is to increase vegetation coverage, slowing down soil erosion is the most important channel of its bare area or barren hill vegetation restoration and reconstruction.
River awns (MiscamthusszechuanesisKeng), Gramineae, awns belongs to, perennial herb, the cheuch of primary growth in typical case's arid such as south China dry-hot valley, dry valley district and both sides, riverbank, is that local is filled with grass plant community and built group. These species have the root stock of horizontal expansion, and are staggered to form network, and below earth's surface, 20 ~ 40cm soil layer forms stronger root stock layer, and strong stress resistance, has very strong soil conservation, water retention capacity. Therefore can be used for the side slope in these areas, bare area and barren hill vegetation, in soil conservation and restoration of the ecosystem engineering.
But, owing to arid district weather is harsh and changeable, thermal and hydric environment is unstable, the requirement on seed germination opportunity and sprouting condition is difficult to meet by plant sexual propagation in natural ecosystems. But, to the long-term adaptation of the barren environment of arid, river awns has sexual reproduction and asexual two kinds of breeding strategies. We experimental studies have found that, at distributing region, the features such as river awns shows fairly obvious seeds abortion, and grain is little, vigor is low, thus seed germination rate is less than 0.1%. Visible, the river awns in arid district produces seedling by seed sexual propagation and substantially cannot realize. But root stock breeding plays a part extremely important in river awns life history; But, owing to limiting by drought environment, seedling mortality ratio height, therefore river group in Grain in Ear expands limited, and the important value in arid district vegetation restoration and reconstruction fails fully to realize.
Therefore, need badly according to the practical situation that the arid district ecosystem is degenerated at present, consider region weather and soil water space-time change feature, grasp river awns growth, vegetative propagation feature and the reaction rule to water stress, select river awns root stock, root stock transplanting is carried out in the suitable time, and combine and artificial regulatory soil humidity, promote root stock sprouting, growth of seedling and settle down, promoting river awns population recruitment by vegetative propagation means, final realization accelerates arid district's bare area or degeneration grass-shrub vegetation restoration and reconstitution target.
Summary of the invention
For existing river awns in the sexual propagation difficulty of arid region, problem that vegetative propagation survival rate of seedling is low, the present invention provides a kind of arid district river awns root stock asexual multiplication seedling method, make use of the vegetative propagation feature that the root stock of river awns lateral distribution develops into new shoot. Following the breeding of river awns and growth under arid natural condition, and on the basis of the correct key factor identifying restriction river awns population recruitment, by transplanting root stock, carry out river awns seedling to breed, and the space-time general layout in conjunction with artificial adjustment soil moisture, promote river awns population recruitment and expansion in drought environment, thus improve arid district's bare area or degeneration grass-shrub vegetation coverage, slowing down soil erosion, the containment ecosystem is degenerated.
A kind of arid district of the present invention river awns root stock asexual multiplication seedling method, realizes by the following technical solutions:
(1) fertile in 0 ~ 20cm pedosphere under collection scrub growth soil, total content of organic carbon is 16.3 ~ 18.5g kg-1, pH5 ~ 6, unit weight 1.0 ~ 1.1g cm-3, full nitrogen 1.1 ~ 2.3g kg-1, available phosphorus 8.2 ~ 9.7mg kg-1, available potassium 70 ~ 91mg kg-1, mix, building soil thickness is the seedbed of 25 ~ 35cm;
(2) river awns root stock sprout before stage, dig the root stock getting river awns concentration zones in physical environment;
(3) select diameter be 0.3 ~ 0.7cm, robust growth 1 age root stock, 4 ~ 5cm place, the former base both sides of each bud cuts off, and obtains the root stock segment of long 8 ~ 10cm, then plants in seedbed with the spacing level of 15cm, plants the degree of depth 8 ~ 10cm;
(4) after plantation, the transparent plastic film of clayed aluminium alloy insulation on seedbed, treat that root stock is sprouted, emerged, thin film is moved after 2 ~ 3 pieces of blades occur, turn into outdoor seedbed, when 6 ~ 8 pieces of blades occur, can moving out of seedbed and plant in arid district, the soil volumetric water content maintaining seedbed between nursery stage is 7 ~ 18%.
Compared with prior art, this technology tool has the following advantages:
(1) compared with in the Grain in Ear breeding of simple dependence river, seedling rate can be brought up to more than 99% by this method, it is possible to effectively improve whole population recruitment ability;
(2) seedling that root stock and sprouting are formed is relatively more extensive to the subject range of ambient moisture, and this method can be used in the habitat of different in moisture condition;
(3) main material that the present invention uses, all from the distributing region of river awns, does not use subsidiary material and biochemical reagents etc. substantially, and therefore, material collection is convenient, and cost is low, profitable, and does not cause environmental pollution etc.;
(4) present method is succinct, convenient operation, is applicable in arid district's Revegetation big area and adopts.
Therefore, can greatly be improved the fecundity of river awns by present method, and arid district's bare area and barren hill vegetation restoration and reconstruction can be directly applied to, considerable ecology, economic benefit can be obtained.
Embodiment
Moisture is the key factor that arid district affects plant propagation and growth, therefore the present invention is in the Mao County, location, Dry River Valley of Minjiang's Upper Course center, arid district of representativeness, carry out the asexual multiplication seedling of river awns root stock under semiarid (soil moisture content is 17.5-12.1%) in this region and arid (soil moisture content is 7.2%) envrionment conditions, and transplant after nursery success.
Embodiment 1
(1) nursery soil and seedbed prepare: 0 ~ 20cm soil under selection scrub growth, total content of organic carbon is 17.22g kg-1, pH5.45, unit weight 1.01g cm-3, full nitrogen 1.64g kg-1, carbon-nitrogen ratio 10.6, available phosphorus 9.19mg kg-1, available potassium 78.25mg kg-1, by mixing with soil evenly after, build area 1.5m*1.5m in field, outdoor seedbed that soil thickness is 35cm, parallel do 3.
(2) root stock obtains and preserves: in spring in 2012 (at the beginning of 4 months), before river awns root stock is not sprouted, under natural condition in river awns areal concentration, digs and gets root stock, imbeds at normal temperatures immediately in wet sand and preserves.
(3) root stock plantation: select diameter 0.3 ~ 0.5cm, robust growth 1 age root stock, manually cut off, and transplant; First, 4 ~ 5cm place, the former base both sides of each bud cuts off, and obtains the root stock segment of long 8 ~ 10cm, then, plants in seedbed with the spacing level of 15cm, the degree of depth 8 ~ 10cm.
(4) water management: after root stock is planted, moisture is natural precipitation condition, this region annual rainfall is 479mm, soil volumetric water content is 17.5%, the transparent plastic film of clayed aluminium alloy insulation on seedbed, and does simple rack, wait to emerge, and after 2 ~ 3 pieces of blades occur, open plastics film, turn into outdoor seedbed; When growing 6 ~ 8 pieces of blades, seedling is moved out of seedbed, it is used for Ming River dry valley Mao County section barren hill experiment on vegetation restoration as pioneer plant, testing ground area 700m2Under natural condition, soil volumetric water content is 12.8-15.3%, seedling percent reaches 99.1%, after 1 year, river, test ground awns coverage reaches 100%, plant height 88.72 �� 13.04cm, branch amount 26.94 �� 8.00, ground biomass is 19.88 �� 2.50g, underground biomass 11.51 �� 2.93g, effectively increases this region barren hill vegetation coverage, and soil conservation is played a good role.
Embodiment 2
(1) nursery soil and seedbed prepare: 0 ~ 20cm soil under selection scrub growth, total content of organic carbon is 16.3g kg-1, pH5, unit weight 1.1g cm-3, full nitrogen 2.3g kg-1, carbon-nitrogen ratio 7.1, available phosphorus 8.2mg kg-1, available potassium 91mg kg-1, by mixing with soil evenly after, build area 1.5m*1.5m in field, outdoor seedbed that soil thickness is 30cm, parallel 3.
(2) root stock obtains and preserves: in spring in 2012 (at the beginning of 4 months), before river awns root stock is not sprouted, under natural condition in river awns areal concentration, digs and gets root stock, imbeds at normal temperatures immediately in wet sand and preserves.
(3) root stock plantation: select diameter 0.4 ~ 0.7cm, robust growth 1 age root stock, manually cut off, and transplant; First, 4 ~ 5cm place, the former base both sides of each bud cuts off, and obtains the root stock segment of long 8 ~ 10cm, then, plants in seedbed with the spacing level of 15cm, the degree of depth 8 ~ 10cm.
(4) water management: root stock is built rain-proof shed, watered and make soil volumetric water content be 7.2% at whole nursery stage after planting above seedbed, all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1. The test ground of seedling replanting under the barren hill and bare area natural condition of Ming River dry valley Mao County section, area 400m2Its soil moisture content is 12.8-15.3%, survival rate is to 99.7%, after 1 year, river, test ground awns coverage reaches 100%, plant height 88.56 �� 10.21cm, branch amount 23.94 �� 8.99, ground biomass 25.81 �� 9.64g, underground biomass 15.84 �� 8.24g, effectively increases this region barren hill vegetation coverage, and soil conservation is played a good role.
Embodiment 3
(1) nursery soil and seedbed prepare: 0 ~ 20cm soil under selection scrub growth, total content of organic carbon is 18.5g kg-1, pH6, unit weight 1.0g cm-3, full nitrogen 1.1g kg-1, carbon-nitrogen ratio 16.7, available phosphorus 9.7mg kg-1, available potassium 70mg kg-1, after mixing with soil is even, building area 1.5m*1.5m in field, soil thickness is the outdoor seedbed of 25cm, parallel 3.
(2) root stock obtains and preserves: in spring in 2012 (at the beginning of 4 months), before river awns root stock is not sprouted, under natural condition in river awns areal concentration, digs and gets root stock, imbeds at normal temperatures immediately in wet sand and preserves.
(3) root stock plantation: select diameter 0.3 ~ 0.7cm, robust growth 1 age root stock, manually cut off, and transplant; First, 4 ~ 5cm place, the former base both sides of each bud cuts off, and obtains the root stock segment of long 8 ~ 10cm, then, plants in seedbed with the spacing level of 15cm, the degree of depth 8 ~ 10cm.
(4) water management: root stock is built rain-proof shed, watered and make soil volumetric water content be 12.1% at whole nursery stage after planting above seedbed, all the other steps are identical with embodiment 1. The test ground of seedling replanting under the barren hill and bare area natural condition of Ming River dry valley Mao County section, area 400m2Its soil moisture content is 12.8-15.3%, survival rate is to 99.2%, after 1 year, river, test ground awns coverage reaches 100%, plant height 73.03 �� 12.74cm, branch amount 20.08 �� 7.92, ground biomass 22.26 �� 9.21g, underground biomass 13.01 �� 7.98g, effectively increases this region barren hill vegetation coverage, and soil conservation is played a good role.
Claims (1)
1. river, arid district awns root stock asexual multiplication seedling method, it is characterised in that, comprise the steps:
(1) fertile in 0 ~ 20cm pedosphere under collection scrub growth soil, total content of organic carbon is 16.3 ~ 18.5g kg-1, pH5 ~ 6, unit weight 1.0 ~ 1.1g cm-3, full nitrogen 1.1 ~ 2.3g kg-1, available phosphorus 8.2 ~ 9.7mg kg-1, available potassium 70 ~ 91mg kg-1, mix, building soil thickness is the seedbed of 25 ~ 35cm;
(2) river awns root stock sprout before stage, dig the root stock getting river awns concentration zones in physical environment;
(3) select diameter be 0.3 ~ 0.7cm, robust growth 1 age root stock, 4 ~ 5cm place, the former base both sides of each bud cuts off, and obtains the root stock segment of long 8 ~ 10cm, then plants in seedbed with the spacing level of 15cm, plants the degree of depth 8 ~ 10cm;
(4) after plantation, the transparent plastic film of clayed aluminium alloy insulation on seedbed, treat that root stock is sprouted, emerged, thin film is moved after 2 ~ 3 pieces of blades occur, turn into outdoor seedbed, when 6 ~ 8 pieces of blades occur, can moving out of seedbed and plant in arid district, the soil volumetric water content maintaining seedbed between nursery stage is 7 ~ 18%.
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| CN105746144B (en) * | 2016-03-12 | 2018-07-20 | 中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 | A kind of arid biogeographic zone open diversion canal method for greening side slope |
| CN109729900A (en) * | 2019-02-21 | 2019-05-10 | 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与保护研究所 | A kind of Arid river valleys in Western Sichuan method of vegetation restoration and reconstruction |
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| CN101889552A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-11-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Rapid breeding method of miscanthus sinensis |
| CN102144462A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-08-10 | 北京市农林科学院 | Cutting propagation method of Miscanthus giganteus |
| DE102010037253A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-01 | Uwe Asch | Method for reproducing, cultivating and accelerating growth of giant miscanthus, involves planting plants in terra preta, watering plants with nutrient-enriched water, and fertilizing plants with carbon dioxide |
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Patent Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101889552A (en) * | 2010-08-23 | 2010-11-24 | 湖南农业大学 | Rapid breeding method of miscanthus sinensis |
| DE102010037253A1 (en) * | 2010-08-31 | 2012-03-01 | Uwe Asch | Method for reproducing, cultivating and accelerating growth of giant miscanthus, involves planting plants in terra preta, watering plants with nutrient-enriched water, and fertilizing plants with carbon dioxide |
| CN102144462A (en) * | 2010-12-07 | 2011-08-10 | 北京市农林科学院 | Cutting propagation method of Miscanthus giganteus |
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| Estimation of ramet production from Miscanthus×giganteus rhizome of different ages;D G Christian, etc.;《Industrial Crops and Products》;20091231(第30期);第176-178页 * |
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