CN102742490A - Dry and filtration irrigation cultivation method under ladder-type cultivation of rice - Google Patents
Dry and filtration irrigation cultivation method under ladder-type cultivation of rice Download PDFInfo
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- CN102742490A CN102742490A CN2012102168065A CN201210216806A CN102742490A CN 102742490 A CN102742490 A CN 102742490A CN 2012102168065 A CN2012102168065 A CN 2012102168065A CN 201210216806 A CN201210216806 A CN 201210216806A CN 102742490 A CN102742490 A CN 102742490A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a dry and filtration irrigation cultivation method under ladder-type cultivation of rice. The method comprises the following steps of: (1) before a rice field is ridged, fertilizing enough base fertilizers, and then ridging; (2) pretreating a polyethylene (PE) pipe or a polyvinyl chloride (PVC) pipe; (3) paving the PE pipe or the PVC pipe on the top of the ridge; (4) transplanting seedlings in a ladder type on the ridge; (5) performing filtration irrigation once every 2 to 10 days; (6) managing insects in the field; and (7) harvesting at proper time after the rice is matured. The method has the advantages that (1) water can be greatly saved; (2) the PE pipe or the PVC pipe is cheap and durable, so that the investment cost is low; (3) water and the fertilizers are coupled, so that the utilization rates of the water and the fertilizers are increased; (4) the water using amount is reduced, no-tillage planting is realized, and the agricultural consumption in a stubble alternate stage is reduced; and (5) the yield of rice is greatly increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of rice cultivating technique field, dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method under especially a kind of paddy ladder type cultivation.
Background technology
In recent years, the area, the middle and lower reach of Yangtze River that China's double cropping rice plantation is concentrated, paddy rice harvesting began dry field in preceding 10-15 days; So that harvesting function operation in the rice field; The change of crops phase then needs a large amount of waters soaked field, it is whole to plough, and the incident of strive water, robbing water happens occasionally, in addition in lack of water season owing to can't carry out the rice field and plough whole; Delay the late rice transplanting, caused the serious underproduction of late rice output or total crop failure.China is one of 13 poor-water states in the whole world, is again large agricultural country, and agricultural water accounts for the 70-80% of total water amount, and the rice field total water consumption accounts for more than 65% of agricultural water.
Along with the variation of global climate, phenomenons such as spring drought summer drought often take place, and cause the double rice cropping system cultivated area to reduce in a large number, then carry out semilate rice or one season late rice plantation, threaten the country grain security.Therefore no matter study the water-saving technology of rice cropping, develop water-saving paddy rice, be to consider from immediate interests or long-term interest, all is very important.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned technology, the invention provides dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method under a kind of paddy ladder type cultivation, this method is flat as ridge culture through changing paddy rice; Lay tubing on the top, ridge and carry out infiltrating irrigation; In the hope of reducing the input of irrigation water and fertilizer, improve water resource and utilization rate of fertilizer, improve the whole production system drought-resistant ability; Shorten the change of crops phase, for paddy rice plantation reply climatic variation provides a new approach.
For realizing above-mentioned purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention adopts is:
Dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method is characterized under a kind of paddy ladder type cultivation, may further comprise the steps:
(1) uses sufficient base manure, ridging before the ridging of rice field;
(2) pre-treatment of PE pipe or pvc pipe;
(3) PE pipe or pvc pipe are laid in the top, ridge;
(4) ladder type transplanting seedlings on the slope, ridge;
(5) carried out an infiltrating irrigation operation in every separated 2-10 days;
(6) management of field disease pest and weed;
(7) ripe back gathers in the crops in good time.
Certainly, the present invention also can lay other plastic tube on the top, ridge, like PP pipe or PP-R pipe etc.
Further, use sufficient base manure before the ridging of said rice field, ridging is meant:
(1) organic fertilizer 15.0-22.5t/hm during the ridging of rice field
2, add the pure N that accounts for fertilizer gross mass 4.66 ‰, the P that accounts for fertilizer gross mass 6.80 ‰
2O
5Method is fertilising before the ridging, and slivering becomes line, beats the ridge subsequently, and fertilizer concentrates on centre position at the bottom of the ridge, impels deep application of fertilizer.
(2) adopting ridger is 120-140cm according to distance between the ridges from A, and the high H in ridge is the 30-60cm ridging, sees sketch map 1,2 for details.
The pre-treatment of PE pipe according to the invention or pvc pipe is meant that the both sides central part at PE pipe or pvc pipe gets out a round respectively, and between adjacent two holes is 5-50cm apart from k.
Further, said hole is a circular hole, and its diameter d is 0.3cm-0.5cm.
The PE pipe is laid on top, ridge according to the invention or pvc pipe is meant, backs down on the ridge and digs a groove, and said PE pipe or pvc pipe place in this groove, and the laying direction of PE pipe or pvc pipe is consistent with the length direction e on ridge.
The ladder type transplanting seedlings is meant on the slope, said ridge, and the spacing in the rows L on shoot transplanting equipment to the ridge is 12cm ~ 16cm, and line-spacing is that R is 15cm ~ 18cm, each domatic transplanting 2-6 cave, every cave 2-3 seedling.
Further, carrying out an infiltrating irrigation operation in said every separated 2-10 days is meant:
(1) will be transported to the irrigation water of pressure in the PE pipe or pvc pipe that is laid on the field; Water oozes out in PE pipe or pvc pipe two side holes; Water requirement breeding time according to different is formulated different irrigation times at interval with weather conditions; Irrigated once in every interval 2-10 days, the single irrigation time is 4-24 hour;
(2) during spraying fertilizer, fertilizer is repeatedly joined in the irrigation water in batches, apply uniformly in the rice field, carry out continuous infiltrating irrigation operation between fertilizer application period.
The management of field according to the invention disease pest and weed is meant:
(1) selected the weed killer herbicide weeding behind the rice transplanting in 5-17 days for use, adopt physical method and chemical control to combine and prevent and treat rice-stem borer and paddy stem borer;
(2) adopt physical method and chemical control to combine in the rice young panicle idiophase and prevent and treat rice-stem borer and paddy stem borer;
(3) select for use physical method and medicament to combine at rice ear sprouting period and prevent and treat rice leaf roller;
(4) adopt physical method and chemical control to combine in the paddy growth intermediary and later stages and prevent and treat paddy rice rice leaf roller, rice leafhopper, rice fulgorid.
Ripe back according to the invention results in good time is meant, carries out paddy rice harvesting when the rice grain when 95% is golden yellow.
When cooperating fertilising, irrigation time be the morning 7:00-11:00 or afternoon 4:00-6:00.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
(1) utilizes the height on ridge to make water or liquid manure in PE pipe or the pvc pipe carry out seepage, drip irrigation from top to bottom, substitute traditional basining irrigation and water saving significantly;
(2) cheapness of PE pipe or pvc pipe, durable, input cost is few;
(3) utilize fertilizer soluble in water, water is the characteristic of seepage from top to bottom, realizes the water and fertilizer coupling on the complete meaning, supplies with water and fertilizer for paddy rice according to quantity as required, effectively raises moisture and fertilizer utilization ratio;
(4) this method has been laid PE pipe or pvc pipe implementation infiltrating irrigation in the rice field, needs water to reduce, and few zero tillage reduces agricultural consumption of change of crops phase;
(5) machine is received average yield 7500kg/hm
2, on average increase production 5%-20%, water saving 30%-60%.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of an embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the A-A cutaway view of Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the sectional perspective sketch map of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of PE pipe according to the invention or pvc pipe;
Fig. 5 is the B-B cutaway view of Fig. 4.
In the drawings: the 1-ridge; 2-PE pipe or pvc pipe.
Embodiment
Following embodiment only does further to set forth with regard to summary of the invention, does not show full content of the present invention.
2011, Bei Sheng town oolong community carried out the test 1.0km of late rice (No. 17, Hunan Xian in evening) ladder type cultivation in Liuyang City
2, produce the time in late rice season, promptly in early June, 2011 is with fertilizer 15.0-22.5t/hm
2, add 70kg/hm
2Pure N, 102kg/hm
2P
2O
5Spread fertilizer over the fields in the field, utilize the ridger ridging, like Fig. 1; Shown in 2,3, specification is 120cm for distance between the ridges A; The high H in ridge is 30cm, and the angle between slope, ridge and the horizontal plane is 30 ° ~ 40 °, also base manure is concentrated and deep placement in this process; By spacing in the rows R is 20cm (slope distance), and line-spacing L is the 15.0cm transplanting, every cave 2-3 seedling.Utilize drilling machine to get out the circular hole of row's diameter D for 0.3-0.5cm respectively at the both sides central part of PE pipe, distance between borehole k is 10cm, sees sketch map 4,5 for details.
Behind rice transplanting; Carry out the infiltrating irrigation operation in every morning 8:00-11:00; Transplant and liquid fertilizer (account for fertilizer total amount 30%) added in the irrigation water in back 3 days; Evenly apply in the rice field, worked continuously 5-7 days, mix pesticide-clay mixture in the back 10 days outstanding missible oil 60-100 of every mu of usefulness 2.5% rice of transplanting milliliter simultaneously and spread fertilizer over the fields weeding.Panicle spike primordium differentiation stage carries out the infiltrating irrigation operation of moisture and fertilizer (account for fertilizer total amount 30%) coupling; Worked continuously 5-7 days; Adopt the black light lamp trapping to add the special suspending agent 30-40 milliliter (active ingredient 1.5-2 gram) of every mu of usefulness 5% sharp strength or every mu with 40-60 milliliter (active ingredient 2-3 gram); Convert water spray by explanation, control rice-stem borer, paddy stem borer; Carry out the infiltrating irrigation operation of moisture and fertilizer (account for fertilizer total amount 10%) coupling heading stage; Worked continuously 2-3 days; Adopt the frequency ventilating type insecticidal lamp trapping and adopt AVM (1% worm mite kills star) 20 milliliters to add 30 milliliters of 20% Hostathions, convert water spray, carry out integrated control by explanation; Later stage is according to damage by disease and insect a situation arises integrated control.All the other growthdevelopmental stages carry out the infiltrating irrigation operation according to rainfall and evaporation situation, mismatch applying of fertilizer, and operation is spaced apart 2-10 days and does not wait.Machine is received average yield 7500kg/hm
2, on average increase production 5%-20%, water saving 30%-60%.
The content that the foregoing description is illustrated is to be understood that to these embodiment and only is used to be illustrated more clearly in the present invention; And be not used in the restriction scope of the present invention; After having read the present invention, those skilled in the art all fall within the application's accompanying claims institute restricted portion to the modification of the various equivalent form of values of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method under the paddy ladder type cultivation is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) uses sufficient base manure, ridging before the ridging of rice field;
(2) pre-treatment of PE pipe or pvc pipe;
(3) PE pipe or pvc pipe are laid in the top, ridge;
(4) ladder type transplanting seedlings on the slope, ridge;
(5) carried out an infiltrating irrigation operation in every separated 2-10 days;
(6) management of field disease pest and weed;
(7) ripe back gathers in the crops in good time.
2. according to dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method under the said paddy ladder type cultivation of claim 1, it is characterized in that, use sufficient base manure before the ridging of said rice field, ridging is meant:
(1) organic fertilizer 15.0-22.5t/hm during the ridging of rice field
2, add the pure N that accounts for fertilizer gross mass 4.66 ‰, add the P that accounts for fertilizer gross mass 6.80 ‰
2O
5Fertilising before the ridging, slivering becomes line, and fertilizer concentrates on centre position at the bottom of the ridge;
(2) adopt the ridger ridging, adjacent two distance between the ridges are 120-140cm from A, and the high H in ridge is 30-60cm.
3. dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method under the paddy ladder type cultivation according to claim 2; It is characterized in that; The pre-treatment of said PE pipe or pvc pipe is meant that the both sides central part at PE pipe or pvc pipe gets out a round respectively, and between adjacent two holes is 5cm-50cm apart from k.
4. according to dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method under claim 1 or the 3 described paddy ladder type cultivations; It is characterized in that; The PE pipe is laid on top, said ridge or pvc pipe is meant; Back down on the ridge and to dig a groove, said PE pipe or pvc pipe place in this groove, and the laying direction of PE pipe or pvc pipe is consistent with the length direction e on ridge.
5. dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method is characterized in that under the paddy ladder type cultivation according to claim 1, and the ladder type transplanting seedlings is meant on the slope, said ridge; Spacing in the rows L on shoot transplanting equipment to the ridge is 12cm ~ 16cm; Line-spacing is that R is 15cm ~ 18cm, each domatic transplanting 2-6 cave, every cave 2-3 seedling.
6. dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method is characterized in that under the paddy ladder type cultivation according to claim 1, carries out an infiltrating irrigation operation and is meant in said every separated 2-10 days:
(1) will be transported to the irrigation water of pressure in the PE pipe or pvc pipe that is laid on the field, water oozes out in PE pipe or pvc pipe two side holes, irrigates once in every interval 2-10 days, and the single irrigation time is 4-24 hour;
(2) during spraying fertilizer, fertilizer is repeatedly joined in the irrigation water in batches, apply uniformly in the rice field, carry out continuous infiltrating irrigation operation between fertilizer application period.
7. dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method is characterized in that under the paddy ladder type cultivation according to claim 1, and the management of said field disease pest and weed is meant:
(1) selected the weed killer herbicide weeding behind the rice transplanting in 5-17 days for use, adopt physical method and chemical control to combine and prevent and treat rice-stem borer and paddy stem borer;
(2) adopt physical method and chemical control to combine in the rice young panicle idiophase and prevent and treat rice-stem borer and paddy stem borer;
(3) select for use physical method and medicament to combine at rice ear sprouting period and prevent and treat rice leaf roller;
(4) adopt physical method and chemical control to combine in the paddy growth intermediary and later stages and prevent and treat paddy rice rice leaf roller, rice leafhopper, rice fulgorid.
8. dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method is characterized in that under the paddy ladder type cultivation according to claim 1, and said ripe back results in good time is meant, carries out paddy rice harvesting when the rice grain when 95% is golden yellow.
9. dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method is characterized in that under the paddy ladder type cultivation according to claim 3, and said hole is a circular hole, and its diameter d is 0.3cm-0.5cm.
10. dry farming infiltrating irrigation cultivating method is characterized in that under the paddy ladder type cultivation according to claim 6, when cooperating fertilising, irrigation time be the morning 7:00-11:00 or afternoon 4:00-6:00.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285700A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-21 | 湖南农业大学 | Chemical oxygen increasing irrigation method for super rice |
| CN105557461A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-11 | 中国水稻研究所 | Facility and method for controlling moisture in rice field soil |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285700A (en) * | 2014-09-28 | 2015-01-21 | 湖南农业大学 | Chemical oxygen increasing irrigation method for super rice |
| CN105557461A (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2016-05-11 | 中国水稻研究所 | Facility and method for controlling moisture in rice field soil |
| CN105557461B (en) * | 2016-02-23 | 2019-04-12 | 中国水稻研究所 | Moisture control facility and its control method in a kind of paddy soil |
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Application publication date: 20121024 |