CN102693407A - 在受控照明条件下使用连续视频帧的自动曝光方法 - Google Patents

在受控照明条件下使用连续视频帧的自动曝光方法 Download PDF

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CN102693407A
CN102693407A CN2012100879325A CN201210087932A CN102693407A CN 102693407 A CN102693407 A CN 102693407A CN 2012100879325 A CN2012100879325 A CN 2012100879325A CN 201210087932 A CN201210087932 A CN 201210087932A CN 102693407 A CN102693407 A CN 102693407A
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CN102693407B (zh
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X·朱
Y·P·王
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Metrologic Instruments Inc
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/56—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof provided with illuminating means
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10712—Fixed beam scanning
    • G06K7/10722—Photodetector array or CCD scanning
    • G06K7/10732—Light sources
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21V—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS THEREOF; STRUCTURAL COMBINATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES WITH OTHER ARTICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F21V33/00—Structural combinations of lighting devices with other articles, not otherwise provided for
    • F21V33/0004—Personal or domestic articles
    • F21V33/0052—Audio or video equipment, e.g. televisions, telephones, cameras or computers; Remote control devices therefor
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
    • G06K—GRAPHICAL DATA READING; PRESENTATION OF DATA; RECORD CARRIERS; HANDLING RECORD CARRIERS
    • G06K7/00—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns
    • G06K7/10—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation
    • G06K7/10544—Methods or arrangements for sensing record carriers, e.g. for reading patterns by electromagnetic radiation, e.g. optical sensing; by corpuscular radiation by scanning of the records by radiation in the optical part of the electromagnetic spectrum
    • G06K7/10712—Fixed beam scanning
    • G06K7/10722—Photodetector array or CCD scanning
    • G06K7/10752—Exposure time control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00—Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/70—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene
    • H04N23/73—Circuitry for compensating brightness variation in the scene by influencing the exposure time
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21W—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO USES OR APPLICATIONS OF LIGHTING DEVICES OR SYSTEMS
    • F21W2131/00—Use or application of lighting devices or systems not provided for in codes F21W2102/00-F21W2121/00
    • F21W2131/30—Lighting for domestic or personal use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F21—LIGHTING
    • F21Y—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES F21K, F21L, F21S and F21V, RELATING TO THE FORM OR THE KIND OF THE LIGHT SOURCES OR OF THE COLOUR OF THE LIGHT EMITTED
    • F21Y2115/00—Light-generating elements of semiconductor light sources
    • F21Y2115/10—Light-emitting diodes [LED]

Abstract

本发明涉及在受控照明条件下使用连续视频帧的自动曝光方法。一种用于数字图像捕获和处理系统中的适应性选通照明控制过程。该过程包括：(i)采用在一对连续视频图像帧之内的多个不同选通照明脉冲来照明视场中的物体；(ii)检测被照明物体的数字图像；以及(iii)解码处理数字图像以读取其中被图形化编码的编码符号。第一实施例中，在读取第一和第二图像的一个中被图形化编码的编码符号失败时，数字图像被实时分析，并基于分析结果，在后续图像帧期间自动调节曝光时间。第二实施例中，在读取第一和第二图像的一个中被图形化编码的编码符号失败时，数字图像被实时分析，并基于分析结果，在后续图像帧期间自动调节选通照明的能量水平。

Description

在受控照明条件下使用连续视频帧的自动曝光方法
技术领域
本公开涉及数字图像捕获和处理系统，其在操作的连续视频图像捕获模式期间使用自动照明(illumination)控制的改进方法。
背景技术
在成像装置中使用的自动曝光方法典型地包括步骤(a)获取具有特定曝光时间的图像，(b)分析所获取的图像和(c)确定曝光期是否需要被设置，以及(d)重复这些步骤直至图像曝光质量符合预定阈值。在成像条形码扫描器的情况下，有时成像器在视频模式中运行。
因此，如果先前的曝光时间不正确，当计算机仍然分析第一个已获取的图像时，视频中的后续帧被废弃，因为其是采用相同的曝光时间而取得。产生的效果是消耗时间的自动曝光方法以及至少一个视频帧被废弃。
美国专利第7,841,533号公开了在数字成像应用中，在自动照明和曝光控制方面采用了改进的可手持(hand-supportable)数字成像编码符号读取装置。然而，尽管在自动照明和曝光控制方面提供了改进，这样的技术还可受益于创新的适应性测量(adaptive measure)，其用于使得基于数字成像的编码符号读取系统在苛刻的成像环境中更加易感应。
因而，在本技术领域中极大需要避免了现有技术方法和设备的缺陷和不足的改进的方法和设备，其用于使用物体(object)照明和成像技术来读取编码符号。
发明内容
因此，本公开的主要目标是提供新的数字图像捕获和处理系统以及方法，其避免了现有技术方法和设备的缺陷和不足。
另一个目标是提供具有数字图像形成和检测子系统的数字图像捕获和处理系统，支持连续视频图像捕获模式，具有可变的频闪脉冲(stroboscopically-pulsed)照明(即，选通(strobe)照明)持续时间，与每个图像曝光期同步，以便有助于在确保高质量的图像捕获性能时提供改进水平的响应性。
另一个目标是提供这样一种数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中它的基于LED的照明子系统具有LED阵列，在与每个图像捕获帧的曝光期同步时，从LED阵列输送频闪脉冲(即，选通)照明至视场(FOV)。
另一个目标是提供这样一种数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中数字图像形成和检测子系统使用光学带通滤波器，其被设计为在照明透射和收集操作期间通过基于LED的选通照明的光学带宽，而遮蔽位于LED选通照明的光学带宽之外的环境光的光学组件，从而减少图像的动态范围，也改善基于先前图像的曝光估计的准确度。
另一目标是提供一种数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中在检测视场中的物体时(即，手动地或自动地)，系统通过产生频闪脉冲照明(即，选通照明)的LED阵列来开始其视频图像获取周期，对于前两个数字图像帧，所述频闪脉冲照明具有明显不同的能量水平，使得第一选通照明在亮度上是第二选通照明的两倍，以及在视频图像流中第一数字图像在亮度上是第二数字图像的两倍；随后这些数字图像被处理以读取一个或多个其中被图形化表示的编码符号；并且如果成功，系统返回其初始检测物体状态。
另一目标是提供一种数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中，依据第一示例性实施例，如果由系统捕获的第一数字图像和第二数字图像都不能被成功解码以读取条形码符号，则具有不同亮度水平的两个数字图像被分析(实时)以基于(即，根据)所述第一和第二数字图像是否都太暗、太亮，或者一个数字图像太亮而另一个数字图像太暗，而为后续的视频帧确定优选的曝光时间。
另一目标是提供一数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中，依据第二示例性实施例，如果由系统捕获的第一数字图像和第二数字图像都不能被成功解码以读取条形码符号，则具有不同亮度水平的两个数字图像被分析(实时)以基于(即，根据)所述第一和第二数字图像是否都太暗或太亮，或者一个数字图像太亮而另一个数字图像太暗，而确定新的选通照明能量水平以实现其中被图形化表示的编码符号的读取，而不需要在后续图像捕获帧期间重新设置曝光时间。
这些和其它目标在下文以及所附的权利要求中将变得明白。
附图说明
为了更加完整地理解怎样实施目标，示例性实施例的以下详细描述可结合附图(简要描述如下)来阅读。
图1是本公开的可手持数字图像捕获和处理系统的示例性实施例的透视图，其中其自动物体运动检测和分析子系统在其物体检测模式期间投射(project)基于IR的照明光束在系统的FOV之内，以及其中其基于LED的照明子系统也使用发光二极管(LED)阵列来照明位于系统的工作距离之内任意位置的物体；
图2A是图1中所示出的示例性实施例的可手持数字图像捕获和处理系统的第一透视分解图，并示出其PC板组装件，该PC板组装件布置在系统外壳的前部和后部之间，具有铰接基座(该基座经由轴结构被枢转地连接至系统外壳的后部)；
图2B是图1中示出的本发明的示例性实施例的可手持数字图像捕获和处理系统的第二透视/分解图；
图3是用于在图1至2B中示出的可手持数字图像捕获和处理系统的示意系统框图；
图4是依据本公开的适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程的原理，当在其视场(FOV)中的物体被频闪照明所照明并且数字视频图像被捕获时，在其视频操作模式中采用的图像检测阵列的操作的示意性表示；
图5A至5D合起来提供了流程图，阐明在执行第一示例性实施例的适应性选通照明控制过程中包括的步骤，包括：(i)在一对连续图像帧内用多个不同选通(即频闪的)照明脉冲照明视场(FOV)中的物体，(ii)检测在这些连续图像帧内的被照明物体的数字图像，(iii)解码处理数字图像以读取其中被图形化编码的编码符号，并在这样做失败时(iv)分析这些数字图像，并基于此实时图像分析的结果，依据本公开的适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程的原理，在后续图像帧期间(即图像获取周期)自动调节曝光时间(即光集成(photonicintegration)时间间隔)；以及
图6A至6D合起来提供了流程图，阐明在执行第二示例性实施例的适应性选通照明控制过程中包括的步骤，包括(i)在一对连续图像帧内用多个不同选通(即频闪的)照明脉冲照明视场(FOV)中的物体，(ii)检测在这些连续图像帧内的被照明物体的数字图像，(iii)解码处理数字图像以读取其中被图形化编码的编码符号，并在这样做失败时(iv)分析这些数字图像，并基于此实时图像分析的结果，依据本公开的适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程的原理，在后续图像帧期间(即图像获取周期)自动调节选通照明的能量水平。
具体实施方式
参考附图中的图，基于数字成像的条形码符号读取系统的示例性实施例将被详细描述，其中相似的元件将使用相似的标号指示。
通常，基于数字成像的条形码符号读取系统的两个示例性实施例在下文中被描述。在每个示例性实施例中，适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程被支持，这有助于提供改进的水平的系统性能的敏捷性和/或响应。
如图1，2A和2B中所示，示例性实施例1的基于数字成像的条形码符号读取系统包括：可手持的外壳2，具有(i)其中安装了窗口光圈6和成像窗口面板3的前外壳部分2B；以及(ii)后外壳部分2A。如所示出的，基于单一PC板的光具座8(具有安装于其上的光学子组装件)被支承在前外壳部分2A和后外壳部分3B之间(当前和后外壳部分合在一起时形成组装单元)。基座部分4通过枢转轴结构131被连接至该组装单元，该枢转轴结构131穿过成像器外壳的底部和所述基座部分，使得可手持的外壳和基座部分能够相对于彼此旋转。主机/成像器接口电缆10穿过形成在外壳后部的后部中的端口132，以及具有安装在PC板8上的连接器的接口。
可手持的基于数字成像的系统1能被用于操作的可手持和可台面支承模式。如图4A中所示，当操作在其操作的手动触发可手持模式中时，系统支持条形码符号读取操作的第一和第二手动触发模式(分别在图5和6中指定)。如图4B所示，当操作在其操作的自动触发可手持模式中时，系统支持条形码符号读取操作的第一和第二自动触发模式(分别在图7和8中指定)。当操作在其操作的可台面支承模式中时，系统支持条形码符号读取操作的自动触发模式，允许完全的无手操作。
如图3中所示，基于数字成像的编码符号读取系统1包括多个子系统组件，即：图像形成和检测(即摄像机)子系统21，具有图像形成(摄像机)光学器件34以便在将被成像的物体上产生视场(FOV)，和CMOS或类似的区域型图像检测阵列35以便在图像捕获模式的照明操作期间检测自该物体反射的成像光，在图像捕获模式中，所述图像检测阵列上的至少多行像素被启用；基于LED的照明子系统22，其使用单一LED照明阵列32来在图像形成和检测子系统21的整个FOV 33内产生窄带广域照明域126，该窄带广域照明从被照明的物体反射并透射通过窄带透射型的滤光器40(该滤光器实现在可手持的外壳中)并由图像检测阵列35检测，而环境光的所有其它分量基本上被拒绝；如在上文所描述的物体瞄准(targeting)照明子系统31；基于IR的物体运动检测和分析子系统20，用于产生在图像形成和检测子系统21的FOV内的基于IR的物体检测域32；自动照明和曝光控制子系统24，用于控制基于LED的照明子系统22的操作和图像检测阵列35的曝光时段；图像捕获和缓冲子系统25，用于捕获并缓冲由图像形成和检测子系统21检测到的2-D图像；数字图像处理子系统26，用于处理由图像捕获和缓冲子系统25所捕获并缓冲的2D数字图像，并读取其中所表示的1D和/或2D条形码符号；输入/输出子系统27，用于输出被处理的图像数据等至外部主系统或其它信息接收或响应装置；以及与上述子系统集成的系统控制子系统30，用于在系统操作期间控制和/或协调这些子系统。
物体瞄准子系统31的主要功能是响应于(i)在系统操作的手持成像模式期间的物体的自动检测，或(ii)当她/他手动启动可手动启动的触发开关5时，由操作者进行的物体的手动检测，自动地产生并投射跨系统的FOV的中心区域的可见的线性瞄准照明光束70。为了实现物体瞄准子系统31，OCS组装件78也包括第四支承结构，用于支承在一对光圈插槽之上的一对光束折叠式反射镜。这些光圈插槽又被设置在一对可见LED(其布置于FOV光学器件34的相对位置)之上，以便产生线性可见瞄准光束70(其被投射自第二FOV折叠器件75并离开成像窗口3)，如其全文通过引用结合到本文中的、美国专利公开号US20080314985A1中所详细示出和描述的。
物体运动检测和分析子系统20的主要功能是自动产生在图像形成和检测子系统21的FOV 33内的物体检测域32，以检测在该物体检测域32的预定区内的物体的存在，和与其中的物体有关的运动和速度信息，并生成提供给系统控制子系统30的控制信号来指示物体在什么时候以及什么位置在系统的物体检测域内被检测到。如图2B中所示，IR LED 90A和IR光电二极管90B被支承在光学上不透明的结构133的中央的较低的部分中，在LED的线性阵列23的下面。IR LED 90A和IR光电二极管90B被用于实现自动的基于IR的物体运动检测和分析子系统20。
图像形成和检测(即摄像机)子系统21包括：图像形成(摄像机)光学器件34，用于提供在将要被成像的物体之上的视场(FOV)33；以及CMOS区域型图像检测阵列35，用于检测在照明和图像获取/捕获操作期间物体反射的成像光。
基于LED的照明子系统22的主要功能是当物体在FOV内被自动检测时，从LED阵列23产生广域照明域36。特别地，照明域具有窄光学带宽并分别在照明和成像模式期间在图像形成和检测子系统21的FOV内被空间上限制。这种布置被设计为确保只有从照明子系统22透射且从被照明的物体反射的窄带照明，最终透射通过系统内的窄带透射型滤光器子系统40，并到达CMOS区域型图像检测阵列35用于检测和处理。由光收集光学器件所收集的环境光的所有其它分量在图像检测阵列35处基本上被拒绝，由此提供改善的SNR，因此改进了系统性能。
窄带透射类滤光器子系统40通过以下被实现：(1)包含在成像窗口3之中的高通(即红波长反射)滤波器元件，以及(2)安装在CMOS区域型图像检测阵列35之前或超出高通滤波器元件的任意位置的低通滤波器元件，包括被实现为被支承在FOV折叠式反射镜74和75中的至少一个上的分色镜膜，在图2A和2B中示出。
如图2B中所示，LED的线性阵列23与包括在或集成在成像窗口3的上沿的照明聚焦透镜结构130对齐。并且，形成在PC板8中的透光光圈60在形成在前外壳部分2A中的成像窗口3内被空间上对齐。照明聚焦透镜结构130的功能是从LED的单一线性阵列23聚焦照明，以及均匀地照明位于系统的FOV的工作距离之内的任意位置的物体。
如图2B中所示，光学上不透明的光线容纳结构133被安装在PC板8的前表面(在LED线性阵列23的周围)。光学上不透明的光线容纳结构133的功能是防止光线从LED透射到除了照明聚焦透镜面板3的后输入表面(其均匀地照明其工作范围内的系统的整个FOV)外的任意表面。当前外壳面板2B和后外壳面板2A连接在一起(其中，PC板8布置在其间)时，照明聚焦透镜面板3位于形成在侧面板的顶表面中的倾斜切口中，且从LED的线性阵列23产生的照明光线被引导通过照明聚焦透镜面板3的后表面，或者被结构133的黑色内部表面吸收。
如图2A和2B中所示，光学组件支承(OCS)组装件78包括：第一倾斜面板，用于支承在FOV形成光学器件之上的FOV折叠式反射镜74；以及第二倾斜面板，用于支承在透光光圈60之上的第二FOV折叠式反射镜75。用这种布置，在图像形成和检测子系统21中使用的、并起源于在PC板的后侧上支承的光学器件的FOV，在空间上被折叠(fold)两次，并且随后被投射通过透光光圈并离开系统的成像窗口。
自动照明和曝光控制子系统24执行两个主要功能，即：(i)控制基于LED的照明子系统22的操作，使得LED照明阵列23在预定的平均能量水平下同步于为图像检测阵列35设置的曝光时间(即光集成时间段)产生照明的频闪控制(即频闪的)脉冲，以及(ii)控制为图像检测阵列35设置的曝光时间(即光集成时间段)，如由系统控制子系统30所指示的，使得以高水平的系统响应性，系统的FOV内的物体被最佳地暴露于基于LED的照明，且最佳的高质量图像被形成并在图像检测阵列35处被检测。图5和6描述了精确的方式，其中自动照明和曝光控制子系统24在子系统30的控制下、依据本公开的适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程的第一和第二示例性实施例而操作。
OCS组装件78也包括第三支承面板，用于支承在自动曝光测量和照明控制子系统24中使用的抛物面光收集镜段79。使用这种镜78，窄光收集FOV被向外投射到图像形成和检测子系统21的广域FOV 33的中央部分，并聚焦被收集的光到光电检测器81，该光电检测器81独立于区域型图像感测阵列(其在图3中由标号35示意性描述)而操作。
图像捕获和缓冲子系统25的主要功能是(1)通过系统的图像形成光学器件34检测聚焦在2D图像检测阵列35上的整个2D图像，(2)为被捕获的图像帧的感兴趣的选择区、或为整个被检测的图像，产生数字像素数据的帧，以及随后(3)在其被捕获时缓冲每一个图像数据的帧。特别地，在示例性实施例中，系统具有成像的单摄(single shot)和视频模式二者。在单摄模式下，单一2D图像帧(31)在每个图像捕获和处理周期期间，或者在处理周期的特定阶段期间被捕获，如通过引用结合到本文中的、美国专利号7,841,533中所描述的。在成像的视频模式下，系统连续捕获FOV中的物体的数字图像的帧，如在图5A至5D和6A至6D中更详细描述的。
数字图像处理子系统26的主要功能是在照明和操作模式期间处理已经由图像捕获和缓冲子系统25捕获和缓冲的数字图像。这样的图像处理操作包括基于图像的条形码解码方法，如通过引用结合到本文中的、美国专利号7,128,266中所描述的。
输入/输入子系统27的主要功能是支持与外部主系统和装置的通用的，标准的和/或专有的数据通信接口，并通过这样的接口输出被处理的图像数据等至该外部主系统或装置。这种接口的实例，以及用于实现这种接口的技术，在其全文通过引用结合到本文中的、美国专利号6,619,549和6,619,549中给出。
如所示出的，系统控制子系统30的主要功能是提供某些预定程度的控制、协调和/或管理信令服务给集成在系统中的每一个子系统组件。而这个子系统能够由被编程的微处理器实现，在优选实施例中，这个子系统由被支持在微计算平台上的三层软件架构来实现，如美国专利号7,128,266和下文的别处中描述的。
与外壳集成的可手动启动的触发开关5的主要功能是在操作的手动触发模式期间，在手动压下触发开关(即引起触发事件)时使得用户能产生控制激活信号(即触发事件信号)，并提供这个控制激活信号给系统控制子系统30以用于执行在此详细描述的其复合的系统和子系统控制操作。
在系统存储器中的系统配置参数表29的主要功能是(在非易失/永久性存储器中)存储一组系统配置和控制参数(即SCP)，用于支持的系统操作的可编程模式以及可用特征和功能中的每一个，并在其复合操作期间视需要，其能够由系统控制子系统30自动读取并使用。特别地，这些SCP能够被动态管理，如通过引用结合到本文中的、共同未决的美国公开号US20080314985 A1中所详细教导的。
图4是依据本公开的适应性照明和曝光控制过程的原理(下文中将以更详细的技术细节描述)示出，当在其视场(FOV)中的物体被频闪控制照明脉冲所照明并且数字视频图像被捕获时，在其视频操作模式下操作时，图像检测阵列23的操作。
依据本公开的第一示例性实施例的适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程
图5A至5D描述了在执行第一示例性实施例的适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程时包括的步骤。通常，该过程包括：(i)在一对连续图像帧内用多个不同选通(即频闪的)照明脉冲照明视场(FOV)中的物体，(ii)检测在这些连续图像帧内的被照明物体的数字图像，(iii)解码处理数字图像以读取其中被图形化编码的编码符号，并在这样做失败时(iv)实时分析这些数字图像，并基于此实时图像分析的结果，依据本公开的原理，在后续图像帧期间(即图像获取周期)自动调节曝光时间(即光集成时间间隔)。这种适应性过程现在将在下文中更详细描述。
如在图5A的流程图的框A所指示的，第一步包括初始化系统及其参数和设置。
如框B所指示的，在检测图像形成和检测子系统的视场(FOV)中的物体时，基于LED的照明子系统以第一选通照明能量水平照明FOV中的物体，而图像检测阵列使用预定的曝光时间(即光集成时间段)检测被照明物体的第一数字图像，且随后图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲该第一数字图像。
如框C所指示的，数字图像处理子系统尝试读取一个或多个在第一数字图像中被图形化表示的编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至主计算机系统的符号特征数据，并且系统控制器返回至框B。如果解码处理不成功，则系统控制器前进至框D。
如图5B中的框D所指示的，在检测图像形成和检测子系统的FOV中的物体时，基于LED的照明子系统以第二选通照明能量水平(两倍的第二选通照明能量水平)照明FOV中的物体，而图像检测阵列使用相同的预定曝光时间(即光集成时间段)检测被照明物体的第二数字图图像，且然后图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获和缓冲第二数字图像。
如框E所指示的，数字图像处理子系统尝试读取一个或多个在第二数字图像中被图形化表示的编码符号，且如果成功，则产生发送至主计算机系统的符号特征数据，并且系统控制器返回至框A。如果解码处理不成功，则系统控制器前进至框F。
如框F所指示的，数字图像处理子系统分析第一和第二数字图像，并基于(即依赖于)所分析的第一和第二数字图像是否都测量为太暗、太亮，或者一个数字图像测量为太亮而另一个数字图像测量为太暗，而为后续的视频帧确定修改的曝光时间。
如图5G中框G所指示的，基于LED的照明子系统以第一选通照明能量水平照明FOV中的物体，而图像检测阵列使用已修改的预定曝光时间(即光集成时间段)检测被照明物体的后续数字图像，且随后图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲后续的数字图像。
如框H所指示的，数字图像处理子系统尝试读取一个或多个在后续数字图像中被图形化表示的编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至主计算机系统的符号特征数据，且系统控制器返回至框B。如果解码处理不成功，则系统控制器前进至框I。
如图5I中框I所指示的，基于LED的照明子系统以第二选通照明能量水平照明FOV中的物体，而图像检测阵列使用已修改的预定曝光时间(即光集成时间段)检测被照明物体的后续数字图像，且随后图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲后续的数字图像。
如框J所指示的，数字图像处理子系统尝试读取一个或多个在后续数字图像中被图形化表示的编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至主计算机系统的符号特征数据，且系统控制器返回至框A。如果解码处理不成功，则系统控制器前进至框A。
上述适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程由系统控制子系统30以自动方式执行，使得基于数字成像的编码符号读取系统支持改进水平的图像获取响应。
依据本公开的第二示例性实施例的适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程
图6A至6D描述了在执行第二示例性实施例的适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程时包括的步骤。通常，该过程包括：(i)在一对连续图像帧内用多个不同选通(即频闪的)照明脉冲照明视场(FOV)中的物体，(ii)检测在这些连续图像帧内的被照明物体的数字图像，(iii)解码处理数字图像以读取其中被图形化编码的编码符号，并在这样做失败时(iv)实时分析这些数字图像，并基于此实时图像分析的结果，依据本公开的原理，在后续图像帧期间(即图像获取周期)自动调节选通照明的能量水平。这种适应性过程现在将在下文中更详细描述。
如在图6A的流程图的框A所指示的，第一步包括初始化系统及其参数和设置。
在框B，在检测图像形成和检测子系统的视场(FOV)中的物体时，基于LED的照明子系统以第一选通照明能量水平照明FOV中的物体，而图像检测阵列使用预定的曝光时间(即光集成时间段)检测被照明物体的第一数字图像，且随后图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲该第一数字图像。
在框C，数字图像处理子系统尝试读取一个或多个在第一数字图像中被图形化表示的编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至主计算机系统的符号特征数据，且系统控制器返回至框B。如果解码处理不成功，则系统控制器前进至框D。
在图6B中的框D，在检测图像形成和检测子系统的FOV中的物体时，基于LED的照明子系统以第二选通照明能量水平(两倍的第二选通照明能量水平)照明FOV中的物体，而图像检测阵列使用相同的预定曝光时间(即光集成时间段)检测被照明物体的第二数字图图像，且然后图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获和缓冲第二数字图像。
在框E，数字图像处理子系统尝试读取一个或多个在第二数字图像中被图形化表示的编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至主计算机系统的符号特征数据，且系统控制器返回至框B。如果解码处理不成功，则系统控制器前进至框F。
如框F所指示的，数字图像处理子系统分析第一和第二数字图像，并基于(即依赖于)所分析的第一和第二数字图像是否都测量为太暗、太亮，或者一个数字图像测量为太亮而另一个数字图像测量为太暗，而为后续的视频帧确定修改的曝光时间。
如图6C中框G所指示的，基于LED的照明子系统以第一修改的选通照明能量水平照明FOV中的物体，而图像检测阵列使用相同的预定曝光时间(即光集成时间段)检测被照明物体的后续数字图像，且随后图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲后续的数字图像。
如图6D中框H所指示的，数字图像处理子系统尝试读取一个或多个在后续数字图像中被图形化表示的编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至主计算机系统的符号特征数据，并且系统控制器返回至框B。如果解码处理不成功，则系统控制器前进至框I。
如图6D中框I所指示的，基于LED的照明子系统以第二修改的选通照明能量水平照明FOV中的物体，而图像检测阵列使用相同的预定曝光时间(即光集成时间段)检测被照明物体的后续数字图像，且随后图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲后续的数字图像。
如图6D中框J所指示的，数字图像处理子系统尝试读取一个或多个在后续数字图像中被图形化表示的编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至主计算机系统的符号特征数据，且系统控制器返回至框B。如果解码处理不成功，则系统控制器前进至框B。
上述适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程由系统控制子系统30以自动方式执行，使得基于数字成像的编码符号读取系统支持改进水平的图像获取响应。
想到的某些改进
虽然关于各种类型的条形码符号读取应用(包括1-D和2-D条形码结构)已描述了本发明的示例性实施例，应该理解本发明可用于读取(即识别)任意机器可读标记，数据形式，或被图形化编码的信息形式，包括但不限于，条形码符号结构，字母数字式字符识别串，笔迹，以及当前本领域公知的或未来将发展的各种数据形式。在下文中，术语“编码符号”应被认为包括所有这种信息承载结构以及图形化编码信息的其它形式。
并且，示例性实施例的数字成像系统也可被用于捕获和处理(即识别)在各种用户应用中的各种类型的图形图像，包括印刷在驾照、许可证、信用卡、借记卡等上的照片和标记。
应该理解在示例性实施例的条形码符号读取系统中采用的数字图像捕获和处理技术可用多种方式修改，这对本领域技术人员来说将变得容易地显而易见并具有在此所公开的新颖的教导的好处。其示例性实施例的所有这样的修改和变化应被认为在所附的权利要求的范围内。

Claims (10)

1.一种数字图像捕获和处理系统，包括：
具有透光光圈的外壳；
图像形成和检测子系统，布置在所述外壳中，且具有：图像形成光学器件，用于投射视场(FOV)穿过所述透光光圈并投射在将被成像的物体之上；以及图像检测阵列，用于在视频图像捕获模式中的照明操作期间检测物体所反射的成像光，在所述视频图像捕获模式中所述图像检测阵列上的至少多行像素被启用；
照明子系统，布置在外壳，并使用光源阵列通过实现在所述外壳中的窄带透射型滤光器来产生和投射窄带选通照明域，使得基于窄带的所述选通照明从被照明物体反射，且透射通过所述窄带透射型滤光器，并由所述图像检测阵列在所述视频图像捕获模式期间检测，而环境光的所有其它分量基本上被拒绝；
自动照明控制子系统，布置在所述外壳中，用于控制所述照明子系统的照明操作以便以自动方式来执行适应性选通照明控制过程；
图像捕获和缓冲子系统，用于捕获和缓冲由所述图像形成和检测子系统检测到的2-D图像；
数字图像处理子系统，布置在所述外壳中，用于处理由图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲的图像，并且读取其中所表示的编码符号，并产生表示被读取的所述编码符号的符号特征数据；以及
输入/输出子系统，布置在所述外壳中，用于向主系统输出所述符号特征数据；
其中所述适应性选通照明控制过程包括：
(i)在所述视频图像捕获模式期间在至少一对连续图像帧内，所述照明子系统以多个不同的选通照明脉冲照明所述FOV中的所述物体；
(ii)所述图像形成和检测子系统检测在这些连续图像帧内的被照明物体的数字图像；
(iii)所述数字图像处理子系统解码处理数字图像以读取其中被图形化编码的一个或多个编码符号。
2.如权利要求1的数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中所述自动照明控制子系统进一步包括，提供用于控制所述图像形成和检测子系统的所述曝光时间即光集成时间间隔以便以自动方式执行适应性选通照明和曝光控制过程；且其中(iv)在读取所述数字图像中的一个或多个的一个或多个编码符号失败时，实时分析所述数字图像，并基于所述实时图像分析的结果，自动调节曝光时间，并在后续数字图像帧期间重复所述子步骤(i)，(ii)和(iii)。
3.如权利要求1的数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中所述照明子系统是使用LED阵列的基于LED的照明子系统。
4.如权利要求1的数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中所述图像检测阵列从由区域型图像检测阵列和线型图像检测阵列组成的组中选择；且其中所述编码符号是从由1D条形码符号体系，2D条形码符号体系，以及数据矩阵符号体系组成的组中选择的编码符号。
5.如权利要求1的数字图像捕获和处理系统，其中所述窄带透射型滤光器使用被布置在其所述透光光圈处的红色波长高通反射窗滤波器元件和在所述图像检测阵列之前的低通滤波器而实现在所述外壳中。
6.一种在数字图像捕获和处理系统中适应性控制选通照明过程的方法，所述数字图像捕获和处理系统支持改进水平的图像获取响应性，所述方法包括步骤：
(a)提供数字图像捕获和处理系统，其包括具有透光光圈的外壳，还包括具有采用视频图像捕获模式的图像检测阵列的图像形成和检测子系统，具有照明阵列的照明子系统，自动照明控制子系统，图像捕获和缓冲子系统，数字图像处理子系统，以及与主系统对接的输入/输出子系统；
(b)在检测所述图像形成和检测子系统的视场(FOV)中的物体时，所述照明子系统以第一选通照明能量水平照明FOV中的物体，同时所述图像检测阵列使用预定的曝光时间检测被照明物体的第一数字图像，以及随后所述图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲所述第一数字图像；
(c)所述数字图像处理子系统尝试读取在第一数字图像中被图形化表示的一个或多个编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至所述主系统的符号特征数据，并返回步骤(b)；而如果解码处理不成功，则前进至步骤(d)；
(d)在检测所述图像形成和检测子系统的FOV中的物体时，所述照明子系统以第二选通照明能量水平照明所述FOV中的物体，该第二选通照明能量水平基本上大于所述第一选通照明能量水平，同时所述图像检测阵列使用相同的预定曝光时间检测被照明物体的第二数字图像，以及随后所述图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲所述第二数字图像；以及
(e)所述数字图像处理子系统尝试读取在所述第二数字图像中被图形化表示的一个或多个编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至所述主系统的符号特征数据，并返回步骤(b)，而如果解码处理不成功，则前进至步骤(f)。
7.如权利要求6的方法，其中
(f)所述数字图像处理子系统分析所述第一和第二数字图像，并基于所分析的所述第一和第二数字图像是否都测量为太暗、太亮，或者一个数字图像测量为太亮而另一个数字图像测量为太暗，而为后续的视频帧确定修改的曝光时间；
(g)所述照明子系统以第一选通照明能量水平照明所述FOV中的物体，同时所述图像检测阵列使用修改的所述预定曝光时间来检测被照明物体的第一后续数字图像，且随后所述图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲所述第一后续数字图像；以及
(h)所述数字图像处理子系统尝试读取在所述第一后续数字图像中被图形化表示的一个或多个编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至所述主系统的符号特征数据，并返回步骤(b)。
8.如权利要求7的方法，其进一步包括：
(i)如果步骤(h)中解码处理不成功，则所述照明子系统以所述第二选通照明能量水平照明FOV中的物体，所述第二选通照明能量水平基本上大于所述第一选通照明能量水平，同时所述图像检测阵列使用修改的所述预定曝光时间检测被照明物体的第二后续数字图像，且随后所述图像捕获和缓冲子系统捕获并缓冲所述第二后续数字图像；以及
(j)所述数字图像处理子系统尝试读取在第二后续数字图像中被图形化表示的一个或多个编码符号，且如果成功，则产生被发送至所述主系统的符号特征数据，并返回步骤(b)。
9.如权利要求8的方法，其进一步包括：
(k)如果步骤(j)中解码处理不成功，则返回步骤(b)。
10.如权利要求8的方法，其中所述图像检测阵列从由区域型图像检测阵列和线型图像检测阵列组成的组中选择；且其中所述编码符号是从由1D条形码符号体系、2D条形码符号体系以及数据矩阵符号体系组成的组中选择的编码符号，其中所述图像检测阵列是从由区域型图像检测阵列和线型图像检测阵列组成的组中选择。
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