CN102674982B - Rape seed pelleting fertilizer - Google Patents
Rape seed pelleting fertilizer Download PDFInfo
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- CN102674982B CN102674982B CN201210191742.8A CN201210191742A CN102674982B CN 102674982 B CN102674982 B CN 102674982B CN 201210191742 A CN201210191742 A CN 201210191742A CN 102674982 B CN102674982 B CN 102674982B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a rape seed pelleting fertilizer which is prepared by grinding and refining macroelement fertilizer of NPK, microelement fertilizer of boron, active ingredients of plant growth regulator heteroauxin and the like, with inactive ingredients of film-forming agent hydroxyl propyl cellulose, auxiliaries and the like. The invention is of a novel fertilizer which is used for pelleting rape seeds, and coating the fertilizer on the surfaces of the rape seeds. According to the invention, the mass ratio of fertilizer to seeds is 1:30-1:60, a pelleting film with a microfine film pore channel is formed on the surfaces of the seeds in pelleting, the fertilizer nutrients are slowly released by the pore channel, and the duration period lasts for 60 to 73 days. The rape seed pelleting fertilizer is suitable for pelleting various rape seeds, conducts direct seeding or seedling growing, and can prompt the growth of rape, enhance stress resistance, improve the percentage of seedling emergency by 9.6 percent to 15.2 percent, save fertilizer by 20.8 percent to 28.1 percent, and save seeds by 8.7 percent to 14.0 percent. The rape seed pelleting fertilizer is simple and convenient to produce, low in cost, and convenient to use, and has obvious economic benefit, social benefit and ecological benefit.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for Semen Brassicae campestris Cotton seeds, fertilizer is wrapped in to the preparation of seed-coat, belong to new-type fertilizer technology of preparing and rape cultivation technical field.A coated fertilizer specifically, it is through grinding the refining Semen Brassicae campestris coated fertilizer forming by major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, plant-growth regulator, membrane-forming agent, colorant and auxiliary agent.
Background technology
Since Germanization scholar Liebig J V in 1840 proposes mineral nutrition of plant theory first, fertilizer has become the great power that promotes Global Agriculture production development.Yet through the development of more than 100 years, the release rate of fertilizer nutrient always cannot manual control, release rate is too fast, and crop has little time to absorb has just run off, and causes utilization rate of fertilizer low, generally only has 30%～40%, serious waste of resources; Caused serious environmental pollution simultaneously.
From 20 century 70 mid-terms, the American-European developed country's slow-release fertilizer that in succession begins one's study that waits, to slow down fertilizer nutrient release rate, raising utilization rate of fertilizer.The later stage eighties Controlled Release Fertilizer that begins one's study, at present existing more than 20 country's researchs, exploitation slowly/controlled releasing fertilizers.Yet, through the research and development of two more than ten years, although slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer is improving common fertilizer plant recovery of nutrient, reducing common fertilizer because having obtained certain effect in the aspects such as the caused environmental pollution of leaching loss of nutrient at present, but still exist following main not enough:
(1) existing slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer just carries out structurally-modified or common fertilizer is carried out to Cotton seeds common fertilizer, do not change common fertilizer carrier and method of application, fertilizer is still to execute on the soil surface or moisture earth of plant growth, fertilizer from crop root away from, easily, by rainwater leaching loss, cause fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio to improve DeGrain.
(2) coating material of existing slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer is expensive, facility investment is large, production technique is large compared with complicated, the long-time high temperature of dressing process need (80～170 ℃) processing, energy consumption, cause slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer production cost high, its price is 5 times to 14 times of the front common fertilizer of dressing.
(3) existing slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer is used the petroleum-type dissolution with solvents coating materials such as toluene, dimethylbenzene, sherwood oil, and toxicity is higher, harmful to producing with application personnel health; Some use trielines, zellon etc. are made solvent, can damage the ozone layer, and cause topsoil.
Due to above reason, the range of application of existing slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer is very limited, is mainly used in the high value cash crop such as flowers, lawn and fruit, tobacco, seldom for field crops such as cotton, rape, paddy rice.
Therefore, research change ordinary cole fertilizer carrier and method of application, screening dressing film forming material is inexpensive, production technique is simple, dressing is convenient, energy consumption is low, eco-friendly novel rape slowly/controlled releasing fertilizer, to reduce production cost, raising fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio, the minimizing environmental pollution of rape Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers, it is one of main direction of oil crops fertilizer development both at home and abroad at present.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to: for the above-mentioned deficiency of prior art, by changing carrier and the method for application of ordinary cole fertilizer, use macromolecular material film forming and slow release method, provide a kind of utilization rate of fertilizer high, there is features such as producing easy, with low cost, dressing convenience, environmental friendliness, be suitable for the seed pelleting fertilizer of various Semen Brassicae campestris dressings.Can not only effectively improve utilization rate of fertilizer, save fertilizer, reduce environmental pollution; And can promote Brassica campestris L seedling growth, enhancing resistance, raising seedling rate, save seed.Seed after dressing is live or culturing and transplanting seedlings according to a conventional method.
The present invention is achieved in that with macromolecular material and makes membrane-forming agent, through grinding, mixing, obtains Semen Brassicae campestris coated fertilizer with major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, plant-growth regulator, colorant and auxiliary agent.
(1) described major element fertilizer is urea, Repone K and potassium primary phosphate; Consumption is 50%～80% of total mass; The consumption amount of urea of each composition is total mass 28%～42%, and potassium chloride dosage is total mass 12%～20%, and biphosphate potassium application rate is total mass 10%～20%; The consumption of three kinds of major element fertilizer should be determined according to different areas soil fertility, the area of nitrogen starved plot for example, and amount of urea should suitably strengthen;
(2) described trace element fertilizer is boron fertilizer; Consumption is 0.02%～0.2% of total mass;
(3) described plant-growth regulator is indolebutyric acid or naphthylacetic acid; Consumption is 0.01%～0.05% of total mass;
(4) described membrane-forming agent is hydroxypropylcellulose or Vltra tears; Consumption is 2%～12% of total mass;
(5) described colorant is reactive brilliant red or acid scarlet; Consumption is 0.1%～0.8% of total mass;
(6) described auxiliary agent is attapulgite; Consumption is the surplus of total mass to 100%.
Production method of the present invention is summarized as follows:
By formula requirement, more than major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, plant-growth regulator, membrane-forming agent, colorant and auxiliary agent are crushed to 180 orders with pulverizer respectively, then each component is dropped in stirring mixer, fully be uniformly mixed, again with column mill or more than ball mill grinding to 300 order, quantitative package, obtains Semen Brassicae campestris coated fertilizer.
Using method of the present invention and mechanism of action:
The present invention is applicable to various Semen Brassicae campestris dressings, can form one deck coated fertilizer film at seed-coat; Coated fertilizer kind mass ratio, i.e. coated fertilizer quality: seed quality is 1:30～1:60.Dressing mode can be used mechanical process dressing or manual method dressing, and mechanical process dressing can adopt rotary drum dressing or disk dressing, first with tap water, Semen Brassicae campestris surface is squirted, then adds seed pelleting fertilizer to carry out dressing.During manual dressing, Semen Brassicae campestris can be squirted with tap water, more slowly add seed pelleting fertile, limit edged stirs, until dressing is even.
During dressing Semen Brassicae campestris of the present invention, membrane-forming agent in seed pelleting fertilizer can form that one deck has fenestra road, ventilative water permeability well but the coated fertilizer film that is insoluble in water at seed-coat, and by major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, growth regulator isoreactivity composition " anastomose " together, at seed, form one miniature " activeconstituents storehouse " around.After planting, coated fertilizer film has the fenestra road of air-and water-permeable to coating seeds, and oxygen and moisture arrive Interior Seed in time by fenestra road, thereby seed can normally be sprouted; Under the effect of water molecules, the activeconstituents in " activeconstituents storehouse " is slowly discharged, is progressively contacted with seed and adjacent soil by fenestra road, participates in the physiological and biochemical procedure of rape growth and development stage.Major element fertilizer in " activeconstituents storehouse ", trace element fertilizer, progressively by Brassica campestris L seedling Root Absorption, provide the required constant nutrients of nitrogen of rape Germination and growth, phosphorus, potassium and micro-nutrient boron.Growth hormone indolylacetic acid in " activeconstituents storehouse " etc. can promote seed germination and root growth, improves seedling rate, resistance, cultivation healthy seedling, improves overall qualities and the seedling rate of seedling, for volume increase is laid a good foundation.Because fertilizer concentrates on seed-coat and seedlings root, slowly-releasing nutrient out can be absorbed by Brassica campestris L seedling in time fully, fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio is high, in addition contact with Brassica campestris L seedling adjacent soil, be not subject to expose to the sun and rain and the impact of high temperature, thereby fertilizer efficiency period reaches 60～73 days, do not need fertilising seedling stage, can economize fertilizer, saving of labor, saving seed, can effectively reduce again common fertilizer and existing Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers because of fertilizer from Brassica campestris L seedling away from, the environmental pollution that causes of the easy leaching loss of nutrient.
The present invention is the national " 863 " main project that completed and the main contents of Hunan Province's key scientific and technological projects, through the indoor pot more than 2 years, field, grow seedlings and field production evidence: with the various Semen Brassicae campestriss of dressing of the present invention, live or culturing and transplanting seedlings no matter, reaching in lasting period of 60～73 days, can promote Brassica campestris L seedling growth, strengthen resistance, improve the overall qualities of seedling, seedling rate improves 9.6%～15.2%, save seed 8.7%～14.0%, utilization rate of fertilizer improves 22.5%～31.2%, saves fertilizer 20.8%～28.1%.
Compared with prior art, major advantage of the present invention:
(1) utilization rate of fertilizer high, save fertilizer.The present invention is directly coated on seed-coat by major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, plant-growth regulator isoreactivity composition and forms coated fertilizer film, after seed germination, its activeconstituents from seedlings root very close to, coated fertilizer film slowly-releasing activeconstituents is out fast to the speed of root system diffusion, can be by rice shoot root system in time, fully absorb, utilization rate of fertilizer is high, can effectively save fertilizer, is actually the carrier and the method for application that have changed traditional rape fertilizer.The present invention has overcome existing Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers and just common fertilizer has been carried out to structurally-modified or Cotton seeds, fertilizer is still the soil surface of executing in plant growth, fertilizer, away from crop root, easily by rainwater leaching loss, causes that fertilizer nutrient utilization ratio improves DeGrain, leaching loss of nutrient is to the pollution of the environment also wretched insufficiency such as relatively large simultaneously.
(2) produce easy, with low cost.The present invention selects cheap macromolecular material to make membrane-forming agent, and production process is without specific installation, simple process, and production cost is low; The coating material that overcome existing Slow/Controlled Release Fertilizers is expensive, facility investment is large, complex manufacturing, the shortcoming that after dressing, the shortcoming such as fertilizer cost increase and being difficult to is promoted on field crop rape.
(3) dressing is convenient, energy consumption is low.The present invention can adopt mechanical process dressing, also can adopt manual method dressing, and dressing can carry out under the normal temperature of 0～35 ℃, overcome prior art need specific installation, need the high temperature at 80～170 ℃ under the shortcomings such as long-time dressing, energy consumption are large; The present invention does not need with an organic solvent, avoided prior art to use the harm of petroleum-type solvent to operator such as toluene, dimethylbenzene, and trieline equal solvent is to atmospheric destruction.
(4) improve seedling rate, save seed.The present invention contains plant-growth regulator isoreactivity composition, can effectively promote Brassica campestris L seedling growth, strengthens resistance, improve seedling rate, saves seed.
Embodiment
Indefiniteness embodiment of the present invention is described below:
The production 100Kg Semen Brassicae campestris coated fertilizer of take is example, and 5 indefiniteness Example formulations are as shown in table 1.
Table 1 non-limiting examples formula of the present invention (unit: Kg)
| Component title | Embodiment 1 | Embodiment 2 | Embodiment 3 | Embodiment 4 | Embodiment 5 |
| Urea | 32.5 | 34.1 | 36.0 | 29.7 | 41.2 |
| Repone K | 17.5 | 15.3 | 17.0 | 14.2 | 19.8 |
| Potassium primary phosphate | 17.7 | 15.5 | 18.0 | 13.3 | 16.1 |
| Boron fertilizer | 0.12 | 0.04 | 0.08 | 0.16 | 0.10 |
| Indolylacetic acid | 0.02 | — | 0.04 | — | 0.03 |
| Naphthylacetic acid | — | 0.03 | — | 0.04 | — |
| Hydroxypropylcellulose | 6.0 | — | 4.0 | — | 8.0 |
| Vltra tears | — | 7.0 | — | 10.0 | — |
| Reactive brilliant red | 0.3 | — | 0.7 | — | 0.5 |
| Acid scarlet | — | 0.6 | — | 0.4 | — |
| Attapulgite | Surplus | Surplus | Surplus | Surplus | Surplus |
Production method of the present invention: by formula requirement, more than major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, plant-growth regulator, membrane-forming agent, colorant and auxiliary agent are crushed to 180 orders with pulverizer respectively, then each component is dropped in stirring mixer, fully be uniformly mixed, again with column mill or more than ball mill grinding to 300 order, quantitative package, obtains Semen Brassicae campestris coated fertilizer.
Claims (2)
1. a Semen Brassicae campestris coated fertilizer, is formed through grinding to refine by major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, plant-growth regulator, membrane-forming agent, colorant and auxiliary agent, it is characterized in that:
(1) described major element fertilizer is urea, Repone K and potassium primary phosphate; Consumption is 50%～80% of total mass; The consumption of each composition: amount of urea is total mass 28%～42%, potassium chloride dosage is total mass 12%～20%, biphosphate potassium application rate is total mass 10%～20%;
(2) described trace element fertilizer is boron fertilizer; Consumption is 0.02%～0.2% of total mass;
(3) described plant-growth regulator is indolebutyric acid or naphthylacetic acid; Consumption is 0.01%～0.05% of total mass;
(4) described membrane-forming agent is hydroxypropylcellulose or Vltra tears; Consumption is 2%～12% of total mass;
(5) described colorant is reactive brilliant red or acid scarlet; Consumption is 0.1%～0.8% of total mass;
(6) described auxiliary agent is attapulgite; Consumption is the surplus of total mass to 100%;
During dressing, coated fertilizer quality is 1:30～60 with seed quality ratio, described grinding is refining be according to formula, major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, plant-growth regulator, membrane-forming agent, colorant and auxiliary agent are crushed to 180 orders with pulverizer respectively more than, then each component is dropped in stirring mixer, fully be uniformly mixed, then with column mill or more than ball mill grinding to 300 order.
2. the production method of a Semen Brassicae campestris coated fertilizer, it is characterized in that: by the formula described in claim 1, more than major element fertilizer, trace element fertilizer, plant-growth regulator, membrane-forming agent, colorant and auxiliary agent are crushed to 180 orders with pulverizer respectively, then each component is dropped in stirring mixer, fully be uniformly mixed, with column mill or more than ball mill grinding to 300 order, quantitative package, obtains Semen Brassicae campestris coated fertilizer again.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210191742.8A CN102674982B (en) | 2012-06-12 | 2012-06-12 | Rape seed pelleting fertilizer |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201210191742.8A CN102674982B (en) | 2012-06-12 | 2012-06-12 | Rape seed pelleting fertilizer |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102674982A CN102674982A (en) | 2012-09-19 |
| CN102674982B true CN102674982B (en) | 2014-02-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201210191742.8A Expired - Fee Related CN102674982B (en) | 2012-06-12 | 2012-06-12 | Rape seed pelleting fertilizer |
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Families Citing this family (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106259455A (en) * | 2016-08-04 | 2017-01-04 | 巢湖市粮食协会 | A kind of Semen Brassicae campestris storage seed dressing |
| CN117136969A (en) * | 2023-08-29 | 2023-12-01 | 华中农业大学 | Seed coating agent with acid-resistant growth promoting effect and application thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| FI114080B (en) * | 2001-06-21 | 2004-08-13 | Kemira Agro Oy | Surface coated seed and method of coating a seed |
| US20040077498A1 (en) * | 2002-07-01 | 2004-04-22 | Lynch John F. | Agricultural seed having protective coatings |
| CN1202721C (en) * | 2003-06-28 | 2005-05-25 | 浙江大学 | Seed coating agent for rapeseed |
| CN101665383B (en) * | 2009-09-27 | 2012-11-07 | 湖南农业大学 | Fertilizer for coating paddy seeds |
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Granted publication date: 20140219 Termination date: 20160612 |