CN102630488A - Method for cultivating edible mushrooms in greenbelt fence - Google Patents
Method for cultivating edible mushrooms in greenbelt fence Download PDFInfo
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- CN102630488A CN102630488A CN2012101131364A CN201210113136A CN102630488A CN 102630488 A CN102630488 A CN 102630488A CN 2012101131364 A CN2012101131364 A CN 2012101131364A CN 201210113136 A CN201210113136 A CN 201210113136A CN 102630488 A CN102630488 A CN 102630488A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating edible mushrooms in a greenbelt fence. The greenbelt fence comprises a plurality of vertical keels and lateral plates arranged between the keels, wherein cultivating grooves are arranged on one side of the lateral plates opposite to a greenbelt. The method comprises the following steps: taking the lateral plates; filling composts into the cultivating grooves; compacting, sterilizing, cooling, and then inoculating edible mushroom cultivating seeds; cultivating till the cultivating grooves are full of hyphae; mounting the lateral plates on the keels; and cultivating under a natural condition, thereby obtaining the edible mushrooms, wherein the composts are composed of waste dry powder of gardens and basic edible mushroom culture mediums. The waste dry powder of gardens is taken as the main raw material of the composts and the specially manufactured greenbelt fence is taken as a carrier, so that the method disclosed by the invention is suitable for outdoor cultivation of various fresh mushroom products and is harmless to the growth of greening trees.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to urban landscaping and field of edible fungus culture, relate in particular to a kind of method of greenbelt fence culturing edible fungus.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of modern urban construction, the urban lawn green coverage is increasing, and the tall trees quantity of irritating is more and more; Be the city trees and shrubs discarded object through lawn maintenance being pruned the blade of grass that obtains with the shrub arrangement, the fallen leaves of water plants, tall fallen leaves of irritating tree branches and cleaning etc.For reducing city environmental pollution, agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer are seldom used in urban afforestation, so the city trees and shrubs discarded object is actually continuously, stablizes, green renewable resources.
At present, processing city trees and shrubs discarded object is still and takes landfill or the burning on the spot of fragmentary a small amount of part; Excessive or thick excessively mock, crotch, end of the branch etc., it is pending to deliver to appointed place stacking etc. with trailer, not only increases the municipal refuse burden, also wastes resource, causes environmental pollution.Annual city trees and shrubs offal treatment process is very loaded down with trivial details, and government need drop into substantial contribution, consume great amount of manpower and Transport Machinery, does not meet with the harmonious city of construction.
Fungus growing technique is ripe, but at present mode that adopts the indoors artificial cultivation, not only human cost is high, and cultivation management is loaded down with trivial details. moreFactory culture particularly, adopt room light according to measure such as air-conditioning control temperature, not only production management inconvenience, but also waste mass energy.
The patent of invention of notification number CN100998294B discloses a kind of method of method for culturing edible fungi using waste tree branches from garden during greening period; Comprise: the discarded branch after the afforestation is dried, pulverizes the back become composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom with other mixed raw material; With dividing after the composts or fertilisers of cultivating sterilization treatment in the culture vessel of packing into; With cultivating in the rare edible fungus species access culture vessel, obtain rare edible mushroom mycelium and fruit body.The application for a patent for invention of publication number CN102265753A discloses a kind of method of utilizing the discarded branches and leaves of urban afforestation to cultivate edible mushroom; Comprise: the discarded branches and leaves of at least a urban afforestation in ginkgo, beech tree, southern magnolia or the white birch are dried, pulverized after preliminary letter sorting, cleaning; Mix with nutriment and water, stir, process composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom; With carrying out high-temperature sterilization after the composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom pack; Insert edible fungus species after to be cooled, process edible fungus stick, can be used to the common edible mushroom of cultivating and producing mushroom, flat mushroom, woodear or Asparagus.This two kinds of methods have all solved the handling problem of greening back discarded object, but its just with the discarded object after the greening as one of composition of composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom, and productions such as the planting environment of edible mushroom, planting type, cultivation management are still normal mode.
The patent of invention of notification number CN101816260B discloses the method for cultivating edible fungi with high shed in forest land, comprising: select the forest land; Pre-treatment is carried out in the forest land; The high canopy of built; Carry out deinsectization and sterilization; Select culturing raw material, and definite composition of raw materials; Make the bacterium bag; Inoculation and hair tube reason; Carry out management of producing mushroom etc.This method is through setting up cultivating edible fungi with high shed on the forest land, higher, the better economic benefit of edible mushroom output, but high canopy takes and tears inconvenience open, and need the special messenger to carry out the forest land management usually, waste time and energy.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of greenbelt fence culturing edible fungus, utilize garden waste to be the composts or fertilisers of cultivating raw material, obtain the outdoor planting edible mushroom through special greenbelt fence.
A kind of method of greenbelt fence culturing edible fungus, described greenbelt fence comprises some vertical keel and is located at the side plate between the keel, it is characterized in that: described side plate offers cultivating groove over against greenbelt one side; Described method comprises: gets side plate, composts or fertilisers of cultivating filled in the cultivating groove, and compacting, sterilization, edible mushroom cultivated species is inserted in the cooling back, is cultured to and sends out full mycelia in the cultivating groove; Then side plate is installed on the keel, under natural conditions, cultivates, obtain edible mushroom;
Wherein, described composts or fertilisers of cultivating is made up of garden waste dry powder and basic culture medium of edible fungus.
Described keel both can be used as the installation carrier of edible fungus culturing side plate, can replace conventional fence again, played the effect of protection greenbelt.
Described side plate is embedded on the keel and at side plate and offers described cultivating groove over against a side of greenbelt, and the notch of cultivating groove is promptly towards greenbelt.Like this during culturing edible fungus, edible mushroom is in the inboard growth of fence, can not influence outside attractive in appearance; Simultaneously, the greenbelt plant has certain height, can partly cover the inboard sunlight of fence, can the low light level, dark and damp environment be provided for edible mushroom, is convenient to edible fungi growth and reduces dust and pollute.
Described keel can adopt the reinforcing bar material, sound construction for the important foundation that the greenbelt fence supports; Described side plate can adopt the plastic-steel material, and mechanical property is good, and is convenient to sterilization.
Described greenbelt fence height can be confirmed the demand of sunlight according to height of plant in the greenbelt and the edible fungus variety of being cultivated.For happiness cloudy edible mushroom (like flat mushroom, phoenix-tail mushroom etc.), the cultivating groove notch that can make the side plate in the top is a little less than plant height, so that plant can partly be covered the inboard sunlight of fence; For happiness positive edible mushroom (like woodear, mushroom etc.), the cultivating groove notch that can make the side plate in the top is a little more than plant height, to strengthen the inboard illumination of fence.According to the height of plant commonly used and the kind of normal culturing edible fungus in the urban afforestation band, preferably, described greenbelt fence height is 0.5～0.8m, can suitable intensity of illumination environment be provided for edible mushroom.
Described keel fix on the ground through spud pile.So not only install firmly, and can keep keel vertical, good looking appearance.
Described keel can be provided with along greenbelt outer edge equidistance; The quantity of keel can be confirmed according to greenbelt length.
Described side plate is plugged between two adjacent keel, is embedded on the keel, when filler, sterilization, inoculation, can side plate be taken out between the keel easily like this, connects bacterial classification, mycelia is installed on the keel after covering with again.
Described keel are provided with groove and the convexity that matches with side plate face in opposite directions, insert and get conveniently, install firm.
Be inserted with several described side plates from top to bottom successively between described adjacent two keel, nethermost side plate is fixed on the keel.The length of several side plates can cooperate with the keel spacing; Side plate is from top to bottom inlayed successively and is arranged between the keel, supports each other; Nethermost side plate can offset with spud pile; Simultaneously, nethermost side plate is fixed on stops other side plate landing of top on the keel.
A said nethermost side plate can be installed, dismantle all more convenient through being bolted on the keel like this.
Described cultivating groove is the concave groove that is opened on the side plate, is used to load composts or fertilisers of cultivating and culturing edible fungus.The degree of depth of cultivating groove can be provided with according to actual needs.
Described edible mushroom can be flat mushroom, mushroom, Ji mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, woodear or agaricus bisporus; Be preferably woodear.Woodear is to contain the abundant fruit body of colloid, must under daylight, could grow, and adopts greenbelt fence of the present invention, and suitably improves the height of fence, can strengthen illumination, helps cultivating black fungus.
Because different edible fungus varieties are to temperature, humidity is different with the light requirement, and receives area surroundings factor affecting difference also very big, therefore in southern and northern different regions, and can be according to the actual weather conditions in locality, the suitable edible mushroom of cultivating suitable kind season.Such as, same kind flat mushroom can be planted in south March or April, and five Junes ability suitable planting is wanted in the north; Mushroom can be planted the whole year in south, and is difficult to plantation in the north; And plant similar woodear, and south can produce for two seasons every year, and a season is only planted in the north.Therefore adopt the inventive method, suitably planting corresponding edible fungus variety, quality that can obtain and high yield season.
On the other hand; Different according to different edible fungus varieties to the illumination demand, can adopt the mode of differing heights side plate cultivation different cultivars edible mushroom, as; Can cultivate the positive edible mushroom of happiness in the several side plates on the greenbelt fence, and the cloudy edible mushroom of cultivation happiness in several side plates below.
In order prescribing adequate nutrition to be provided to edible mushroom, it is grown better, described composts or fertilisers of cultivating prepares through following method: get raw material by weight percentage: garden waste dry powder 60～70%; Corn flour 15～22%; Wheat bran 8～14%, land plaster 1～3% and ash 0.5～3% mix; Add water to water content and reach 60～63%, mixing; The pH nature.The different cultivars edible mushroom is different to the nutrition composition demand of C/N ratio, and concrete composts or fertilisers of cultivating composition of raw materials can be confirmed according to edible fungus variety.
Described garden waste dry powder is obtained after drying, pulverizing by garden waste.
Described garden waste can be the city trees and shrubs discarded object, is preferably at least a in the fallen leaves of blade of grass that turf-mown obtains, water plants, tall branch of irritating trees and the fallen leaves.The city trees and shrubs discarded object does not contain agricultural chemicals or chemical fertilizer basically, and contains abundant vegetable fiber, with its principal component as composts or fertilisers of cultivating, can realize the recycle of city trees and shrubs changing rejected material to useful resource, significantly reduces the edible fungus culturing cost.Certainly, the branch of not all kind trees is pulverized and all can directly be used for culturing edible fungus, particularly camphor tree, pine tree etc., even if usefulness, also will could usefulness through rotting after 1～2 year, because edible mushroom almost can not grow on the normal trunk of these kind trees; But can use the branch or the fallen leaves of common urban tree, like Chinese parasol tree, mulberry tree, toothed oak tree, birch, willow etc., and the various weeds of pruning.
The particle diameter of described garden waste dry powder, corn flour, wheat bran, land plaster or ash is preferably 20～30 orders, helps absorption, the utilization of edible mushroom.
Can encase the cultivating groove notch with plastic foil in the described sterilization process, not tear plastic foil open behind sterilization, inoculation, the mycelia, directly will be installed to the side plate of plastic foil on the keel; In the incubation, observe the fruiting situation at any time, plastic foil is scratched, edible mushroom is grown at the position of fruiting soon.Like this, before fruiting, adopt band film best cultivation, can keep the moisture in the cultivating groove preferably, and can make edible mushroom make full use of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, slowly fruiting improves product quality.
Treat again side plate to be installed to behind the full mycelia in the cultivating groove and carry out cultivation management under the natural conditions on the keel, can obtain the edible fungus of good quality and high output.
During edible fungus culturing, in time execute water, make street tree frame humidity inside remain on 80～100%.Keep humidity to help improving output and maintenance quality.Usually, water through the trees routine and can guarantee edible mushroom 90% moisture growth needs.
Cultivation can be reclaimed composts or fertilisers of cultivating (bacterium chaff) and process the afforestation organic manure after being accomplished, and is used for afforestation.The bacterium chaff contains a large amount of organic matters, and is nutritious, the bacterium chaff reclaimed can directly be used for the afforestation fertilizer, makes initial garden waste realize that the falling leaves settle on the roots, and ecological circulation has realized the resource circulation utilization.
Edible mushroom is a saprophytic bacteria, utilizes decomposed leaves and branch to decompose and grows.Practical operation is the result show, under tree, produces edible mushroom through method of the present invention, can't bring harm even cause death arboreal growth, trees and edible mushroom ability symplastic growth on the contrary, nutrition complement.
The primary raw material that the inventive method utilizes garden waste to cultivate for edible mushroom; Simultaneously with special greenbelt fence as carrier; Pass through batching, charging, sterilization, cooling again, inoculate, send out ripe fungus growing technique such as bacterium, cultivation, management of producing mushroom; Obtained fresh becteriums product, for the outdoor planting of edible mushroom provides a kind of new model.
Adopt the inventive method, have following beneficial effect:
(1) is the main material that edible mushroom is cultivated with the garden waste, makes garden waste obtain the recycle of resource, turn waste into wealth, reduced environmental pollution; And the bacterium chaff after the cultivation can be used as the fertilizer of urban afforestation again, realizes that the falling leaves settle on the roots, ecological circulation.Adopt the present invention, can effectively reduce costs such as handle the urban waste, the afforestation fertilizer is purchased, can gather in the crops the high-quality edible mushroom product, can be the city trees and shrubs workman to increase income, save government expenditure.
(2) the greenbelt fence height that is designed is adjustable.When fence hanged down, undershrub can provide the low light level, dark and damp growing environment for edible fungi growth, is fit to cultivating white mushroom, phoenix-tail mushroom etc.; Be fit to cultivating black fungus, bacterium article such as mushroom when fence is high.Greening is watered or face of land steam moisture can both provide suitable moisture for edible fungi growth, thereby guarantees to cultivate the edible mushroom output height that obtains, quality better.
(3) greenbelt fence method for cultivating adible mushroom of the present invention is suitable for city, different regions cultivation multiple eating bacterium, comprises flat mushroom, phoenix-tail mushroom, woodear, mushroom etc., and greenbelt Fencing system availability is high.Simultaneously, cultivate naturally through outdoor, save the energy resource consumption of factory culture, the nutrition of edible fungus and quality are superior to factory's indoor growing, have opened up new way for producing green edible mushroom.
(4) during culturing edible fungus, edible mushroom can not influence the attractive in appearance of the outside in the inboard growth of greenbelt fence; And the greenbelt fence also can be used as the greening protection facility of greenbelt, for the urban look location increases new highlight.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of greenbelt fence among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the keel of greenbelt fence shown in Figure 1 and the vertical view of side plate.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-2, a kind of greenbelt fence comprises by keel 1, side plate 2 and spud pile 3.
In the present embodiment, the cross section of keel 1 is I-shaped, forms groove in relative two sides; The quantity of keel 1 is four, four keel 1 vertically, equidistance, arrange along straight line; The height of keel 1 is 0.8m;
The bottom of keel 1 vertically is inserted in the spud pile 3, and spud pile 3 gos deep into the face of land, arranges along greenbelt outer edge equidistance;
Be provided with a plurality of side plates 2 between two adjacent keel 1; Side plate 2 is a cuboid, and side plate 2 length cooperate with the spacing of two keel 1; Side plate 2 is provided with the convexity that matches with the groove of keel 1 with keel 1 face in opposite directions, makes side plate 2 can make things convenient for, firmly be inserted between the adjacent keel 1; All side plates 2 are from top to bottom inlayed successively and are plugged between the keel 1, support each other; A uppermost side plate 2 is 0.05m apart from the distance on keel 1 top; Bottom surface, nethermost side plate 2 two ends is against spud pile 3 upper surfaces, and this piece side plate 2 can stop other side plate 2 landings of top through being bolted on the keel 1;
One side of side plate 2 offers the cultivating groove 201 of matrix, is used to load composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom; During use, the openend of cultivating groove 201 is towards greenbelt;
Wherein, keel 1 are the reinforcing bar material, and side plate 2 is the plastic-steel material, and spud pile 3 is processed by cement.
In the present embodiment, keel 1 quantity is four, but different according to greenbelt length, greenbelt fence of the present invention can also have other embodiment, and keel quantity can also be five, the six roots of sensation, seven etc.
In the present embodiment; The height of keel 1 is 0.8m; But plant height or institute's culturing edible fungus kind of being planted according to the outer edge of greenbelt are different, and the height of keel 1 can suitably be adjusted, and guarantee that the edible mushroom that the inboard intensity of illumination of greenbelt fence is fit to cultivated gets final product.
The greenbelt fence cultivating black fungus of employing embodiment 1, fence are fit to be placed on the first of square, lawn all around, and southern area carries out composts or fertilisers of cultivating preparation and inoculation production 1～February, goes into cultivating groove 201 after 3～April, mycelia sent out and carries out cultivation management, and concrete steps comprise:
(1) collect lawn maintenance and prune the fallen leaves that the fallen leaves of the blade of grass that obtains, water plants, branch that the shrub arrangement obtains and cleaning obtain, mix, drying is crushed to 30 orders, obtains garden waste dry powder.
(2) get raw material by weight percentage: garden waste dry powder 70%, corn flour 16%, wheat bran 10%, land plaster 1% and ash 3% mix, and add water to water content and reach 60%, fully mix, and obtain composts or fertilisers of cultivating; The pH nature.
(3) composts or fertilisers of cultivating is packed in the cultivating groove 201 of each side plate 2, compacting, and with plastic foil that the notch parcel of cultivating groove 201 is tight, sterilization (120 ℃ kept 1 hour) is cooled off.
(4) in the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of cultivating groove 201, insert activated cultivation of auricularia auricula kind, in indoor cultivation; Treat to send out full mycelia in the cultivating groove 201, composts or fertilisers of cultivating is become one.
(5) four keel 1 of greenbelt fence are inserted on the spud pile 3 of arranging along the greenbelt outer edge fix; The side plate 2 that will have plastic foil again inserts between adjacent two keel 1 over against the direction of greenbelt with cultivating groove 201 notch levels from top to bottom, and side plate 2 is arranged on the keel 1 according to inlaying; Then with last piece side plate 2 of every limit through being bolted on the keel 1, accomplish and install.
(6) cultivate down in natural conditions (about 15～28 ℃ of temperature), through greenbelt is carried out conventional garden management, waters, make the humidity in the cultivating groove 201 remain on 80～100% between culture period, be enough to guarantee the growth needs of edible mushroom 90% moisture.
Cultivate after 10～15 days, grow the woodear fruit body primordium in the cultivating groove 201 of side plate 2, plastic foil is scratched, can grow fresh woodear at the position that will go out ear; The harvesting continued is executed water and is preserved moisture, and repeats to cultivate, and behind the sky, also can grow the woodear fruit body surplus in the of 10, and it is many more to pluck number of times, and should grow the blanking time of twice harvesting, because the fruiting ability descends gradually, treats that woodear no longer grows, and can finish to cultivate.Usually, can pluck continuously four months.
After producing end, take off side plate 2, remove plastic foil, scrape culturing edible fungus composts or fertilisers of cultivating and recovery, directly be made as fertilizer and be used for afforestation, realized the recycle of garden waste; And the cultivating groove 201 of side plate 2 can use after doing the wash repeatedly.
Claims (10)
1. the method for a greenbelt fence culturing edible fungus, described greenbelt fence comprises some vertical keel (1) and is located at the side plate (2) between the keel (1) that it is characterized in that: described side plate (2) offers cultivating groove (201) over against greenbelt one side; Described method comprises: gets side plate (2), composts or fertilisers of cultivating filled in the cultivating groove (201), and compacting, sterilization, edible mushroom cultivated species is inserted in the cooling back, is cultured to and sends out full mycelia in the cultivating groove (201); Then side plate (2) is installed on the keel (1), under natural conditions, cultivates, obtain edible mushroom;
Wherein, described composts or fertilisers of cultivating is made up of garden waste dry powder and basic culture medium of edible fungus.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described greenbelt fence height is 0.5-0.8m.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described keel (1) fix on the ground through spud pile (3).
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described side plate (2) is plugged between adjacent two keel (1).
5. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: described keel (1) are provided with groove and the convexity that matches with side plate (2) face in opposite directions.
6. method according to claim 4 is characterized in that: be inserted with several described side plates (2) between described adjacent two keel (1) from top to bottom successively, nethermost side plate (2) is fixed on the keel (1).
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described edible mushroom is flat mushroom, mushroom, Ji mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, woodear or agaricus bisporus.
8. method according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: described composts or fertilisers of cultivating prepares through following method: get raw material by weight percentage: garden waste dry powder 60～70%, corn flour 15～22%, wheat bran 8～14%; Land plaster 1～3% and ash 0.5～3%; Mix, add water to water content and reach 60～63%, mixing; The pH nature.
9. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: during edible fungus culturing, in time execute water, make the humidity in the cultivating groove (201) remain on 80～100%.
10. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after cultivation is accomplished, reclaim composts or fertilisers of cultivating and process the afforestation organic manure.
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| CN 201210113136 CN102630488B (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Method for cultivating edible mushrooms in greenbelt fence |
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| CN 201210113136 CN102630488B (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Method for cultivating edible mushrooms in greenbelt fence |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1231336A (en) * | 1999-01-30 | 1999-10-13 | 隋进清 | Bag-cultivating black edible fungus and cultivating technology thereof |
| CN1895027A (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-17 | 王瑞林 | Movable plant or edibe fungus three-like culturing method and device |
| CN100998294A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-07-18 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Method for culturing edible fungi using waste tree branches from garden during greening period |
| CN101663959A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-03-10 | 江苏江南生物科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting edible fungi in biological shed house in summer |
| CN102084782A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-06-08 | 忻州市汇恒农林牧综合开发有限公司 | Natural planting method of mushroom |
-
2012
- 2012-04-18 CN CN 201210113136 patent/CN102630488B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1231336A (en) * | 1999-01-30 | 1999-10-13 | 隋进清 | Bag-cultivating black edible fungus and cultivating technology thereof |
| CN1895027A (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-17 | 王瑞林 | Movable plant or edibe fungus three-like culturing method and device |
| CN100998294A (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2007-07-18 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Method for culturing edible fungi using waste tree branches from garden during greening period |
| CN101663959A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-03-10 | 江苏江南生物科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting edible fungi in biological shed house in summer |
| CN102084782A (en) * | 2010-11-30 | 2011-06-08 | 忻州市汇恒农林牧综合开发有限公司 | Natural planting method of mushroom |
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