CN102630487B - Method for cultivating edible mushroom on street tree frame - Google Patents
Method for cultivating edible mushroom on street tree frame Download PDFInfo
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- CN102630487B CN102630487B CN 201210112958 CN201210112958A CN102630487B CN 102630487 B CN102630487 B CN 102630487B CN 201210112958 CN201210112958 CN 201210112958 CN 201210112958 A CN201210112958 A CN 201210112958A CN 102630487 B CN102630487 B CN 102630487B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for cultivating edible mushroom on a street tree frame. The street tree frame comprises a keel frame, a movable cover plate and a side plate, wherein the keel frame consists of keels surrounding trunks, the movable cover plate is arranged at the top of the keel frame, the side plate is arranged on the side surface of the keel frame, and one side of the side plate, which is right opposite to the trunks, is provided with a cultivating groove. The method comprises the following steps of: taking out the side plate, filling compost in the cultivating groove, compacting, sterilizing and cooling, and then inoculating and culturing the edible mushroom till hypha is full of the cultivating groove; and mounting the side plate on the keel frame, covering with the movable cover plate, and cultivating under natural conditions to obtain the edible mushroom, wherein the compost consists of garden waste dry powder and basic edible mushroom culture mediums. The method for cultivating the edible mushroom on the street tree frame, disclosed by the invention, takes the garden wastes as a main raw material of the compost, and also takes an especial street tree frame as a carrier, is suitable for outdoor cultivated various fresh mushroom-type products and does not hurt the growth of trees.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to urban landscaping and field of edible fungus culture, relate in particular to a kind of method of street tree frame culturing edible fungus.
Background technology
Along with the high speed development of modern urban construction, the urban lawn green coverage is increasing, and the tall trees quantity of irritating is more and more; Be the city trees and shrubs discarded object by lawn maintenance being pruned the blade of grass that obtains with the shrub arrangement, the fallen leaves of water plants, tall fallen leaves of irritating tree branches and cleaning etc.For reducing city environmental pollution, agricultural chemicals and chemical fertilizer are seldom used in urban afforestation, so the city trees and shrubs discarded object is actually continuously, stablizes, green renewable resources.
At present, processing city trees and shrubs discarded object is still and takes landfill or the burning on the spot of fragmentary a small amount of part; Excessive or thick excessively mock, crotch, end of the branch etc., it is pending to deliver to appointed place stacking etc. with trailer, not only increases the municipal refuse burden, also wastes resource, causes environmental pollution.Annual city trees and shrubs offal treatment process is very loaded down with trivial details, and government need drop into substantial contribution, consume great amount of manpower and Transport Machinery, does not meet with the harmonious city of construction.
Fungus growing technique maturation, but present modes that adopt the indoors artificials cultivation more, human cost height not only, and also cultivation management is loaded down with trivial details.Particularly factory culture adopts the room light photograph to control measures such as temperature with air-conditioning, not only production management inconvenience, but also waste a large amount of energy.
The patent of invention of notification number CN100998294B discloses a kind of method of method for culturing edible fungi using waste tree branches from garden during greening period, comprise: the discarded branch after the afforestation is dried, pulverizes the back become composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom with other mixed raw material, to divide after the composts or fertilisers of cultivating sterilization treatment in the culture vessel of packing into, with cultivating in the rare edible fungus species access culture vessel, obtain rare edible mushroom mycelium and fruit body.The application for a patent for invention of publication number CN102265753A discloses a kind of method of utilizing the discarded branches and leaves of urban afforestation to cultivate edible mushroom, comprise: branches and leaves oven dry after tentatively sorting, cleaning, pulverizing are discarded at least a urban afforestation in ginkgo, beech tree, wide yulan or the white birch, mix with nutriment and water, stir, make composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom, to carry out high-temperature sterilization after the composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom pack, insert edible fungus species after to be cooled, make edible fungus stick, can be used to cultivate production mushroom, flat mushroom, woodear or the common edible mushroom of Asparagus.This two kinds of methods have all solved the handling problem of greening back discarded object, but its just with the discarded object after the greening as one of composition of composts or fertilisers of cultivating mushroom, and productions such as the planting environment of edible mushroom, planting type, cultivation management are still normal mode.
The patent of invention of notification number CN101816260B discloses the method for cultivating edible fungi with high shed in forest land, comprising: select the forest land; Pre-treatment is carried out in the forest land; The high canopy of built; Carry out deinsectization and sterilization; Select culturing raw material, and definite composition of raw materials; Make the bacterium bag; Inoculation and hair tube reason; Carry out management of producing mushroom etc.This method is by setting up cultivating edible fungi with high shed in the forest land, higher, the better economic benefit of edible mushroom output, but high canopy takes and tears inconvenience open, and need the special messenger to carry out the forest land management usually, waste time and energy.
Summary of the invention
The invention provides a kind of method of street tree frame culturing edible fungus, utilize garden waste to be the composts or fertilisers of cultivating raw material, obtain the outdoor planting edible mushroom by special street tree frame.
A kind of method of street tree frame culturing edible fungus, described street tree frame comprises the keel frame that is made of the keel around trunk, is located at the removable cover on keel frame top and the side plate of being located at keel frame side, and described side plate offers cultivating groove over against trunk one side;
Described method comprises: get side plate, composts or fertilisers of cultivating is filled in the cultivating groove, compacting, sterilization; Edible mushroom cultivated species is inserted in the cooling back, is cultured to and sends out full mycelia in the cultivating groove; Then side plate is installed on the keel frame, covers removable cover, under natural conditions, cultivate, obtain edible mushroom;
Wherein, described composts or fertilisers of cultivating is made up of garden waste dry powder and basic culture medium of edible fungus.
Described keel frame both can be used as the installation carrier of edible fungus culturing side plate, can play the effect of protection trunk again.
Described removable cover is located at keel frame top, can form the space of a relative closure with the keel frame, for edible mushroom provides half-light, dark and damp environment, is convenient to edible fungi growth and reduces dust and pollute.
Described side plate is embedded in keel frame side and offers described cultivating groove at side plate over against a side of trunk, and the notch of cultivating groove is namely towards the inside of street tree frame.Like this during culturing edible fungus, edible mushroom is in street tree frame growth inside, can not influence outside attractive in appearance.
Described keel can adopt the reinforcing bar material, sound construction for the important foundation that the street tree frame supports; Described removable cover can be preferably wooden materials for wooden, metal or plastic-steel material, and quality is light, takes conveniently; Described side plate can adopt the plastic-steel material, and mechanical property is good, and is convenient to sterilization.
Described keel frame can be for trapezoidal.Keel are tilted, and arranging around trunk forms up-small and down-big trapezoidal shape keel frame, not only install firmly, and shape is attractive in appearance.
Described keel lower end is anchored on the face of land by spud pile.
Described keel equidistantly arrange around trunk; The quantity of keel can be determined according to the trunk diameter size.
Described keel frame is connected easy accessibility by bolt with removable cover.
Described removable cover can be triangle, quadrangle, pentagon or hexagon, and namely the limit number of removable cover is identical with the quantity of keel, and removable cover can coincide preferably with the keel frame like this.The limit figurate number amount of removable cover can determine that trunk is more thick according to the trunk diameter of sustained height, and limit shape is more many, and is more firm, and bacterium product output is also more many.
Described removable cover is made up of first cover plate and second cover plate that mutual fastening forms the through hole that passes for trunk, forms the chains shape, easy disassembly.
Described first cover plate is connected easy accessibility with second cover plate by buckle.
Described side plate is plugged between two adjacent keel of keel frame, is embedded on the keel frame, when filler, sterilization, inoculation, side plate can be taken out from the keel frame easily like this, connects bacterial classification, mycelia is installed on the keel frame after covering with again.
Described keel are provided with groove and the projection that matches with side plate face in opposite directions, insert and get conveniently, install firm.
Be inserted with several described side plates from top to bottom successively between described adjacent two keel, nethermost side plate is fixed on the keel.The length of several side plates can be ascending, cooperates with the keel spacing; Side plate is from top to bottom inlayed successively and is arranged between the keel, supports mutually; Nethermost side plate surpasses the height of a side plate apart from ground, is convenient to side plate and inserts the keel frame from the bottom up, simultaneously, nethermost side plate is fixed on can stops other side plate landing of top on the keel.
A described nethermost side plate can be by being bolted on the keel, and surpass the height of a side plate apart from ground, installs, dismantles all more convenient like this.
Described cultivating groove is the concave groove that is opened on the side plate, is used for filling composts or fertilisers of cultivating and culturing edible fungus.The degree of depth of cultivating groove can arrange according to actual needs.
Described edible mushroom can be flat mushroom, mushroom, Ji mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, woodear or agaricus bisporus; Be preferably flat mushroom.Because flat mushroom is fit to dark and damp environment, strong to environmental suitability, suitable to street tree frame cultivation of the present invention.
Because different edible fungus varieties are to temperature, humidity is different with the light requirement, and is subjected to area surroundings factor affecting difference also very big, therefore in southern and northern different regions, and can be according to the actual weather conditions in locality, the suitable edible mushroom of cultivating suitable kind season.Such as, same kind flat mushroom can be planted in south March or April, and wants five Junes ability suitable planting in the north; Mushroom can be planted the whole year in south, and is difficult to plantation in the north.Therefore adopt the inventive method, suitably planting corresponding edible fungus variety, the quality that can obtain and high yield season.
In order to provide prescribing adequate nutrition to edible mushroom, it is grown better, described composts or fertilisers of cultivating prepares by the following method: get raw material by weight percentage: garden waste dry powder 60～70%, corn flour 15～22%, wheat bran 8～14%, land plaster 1～3% and ash 0.5～1% mix, add water to water content and reach 60～63%, mixing; The pH nature.The different cultivars edible mushroom is to the nutrition composition demand difference of C/N ratio, and concrete composts or fertilisers of cultivating composition of raw materials can be determined according to edible fungus variety.
Described garden waste dry powder obtains by the garden waste drying, after pulverizing.
Described garden waste can be the city trees and shrubs discarded object, is preferably at least a in the fallen leaves of blade of grass that turf-mown obtains, water plants, tall branch of irritating trees and the fallen leaves.The city trees and shrubs discarded object does not contain agricultural chemicals or chemical fertilizer substantially, and contains abundant vegetable fiber, with its principal component as composts or fertilisers of cultivating, can realize that the city trees and shrubs changing rejected material to useful resource is recycling, significantly reduces the edible fungus culturing cost.Certainly, the branch of not all kind trees is pulverized and all can directly be used for culturing edible fungus, particularly camphor tree, pine tree etc., even if usefulness, also will could usefulness by rotting after 1～2 year, because edible mushroom almost can not grow on the normal trunk of these kind trees; But can be with branch or the fallen leaves of common urban tree, as Chinese parasol tree, mulberry tree, toothed oak tree, birch, willow etc., and the various weeds of pruning.
The particle diameter of described garden waste dry powder, corn flour, wheat bran, land plaster or ash is preferably 20～30 orders, is conducive to absorption, the utilization of edible mushroom.
Treat again side plate to be installed to behind the full mycelia in the cultivating groove and carry out cultivation management under the natural conditions on the keel frame, can obtain the edible fungus of good quality and high output.
During edible fungus culturing, in time execute water, make street tree frame humidity inside remain on 80～100%.Keep humidity to be conducive to improve output and maintenance quality.Usually, water by the trees routine and can guarantee edible mushroom 90% moisture growth needs.
After cultivation is finished, can reclaim composts or fertilisers of cultivating (bacterium chaff) and make the afforestation organic manure, be used for afforestation.The bacterium chaff contains a large amount of organic matters, and is nutritious, the bacterium chaff reclaimed can be directly used in the afforestation fertilizer, makes initial garden waste realize that the falling leaves settle on the roots, and ecological circulation has realized the resource circulation utilization.
Edible mushroom is saprophytic bacteria, utilizes decomposed leaves and branch to decompose and grows.Practical operation is the result show, produces edible mushroom by the inventive method under tree, can't bring harm even cause death arboreal growth, trees and edible mushroom energy symplastic growth on the contrary, nutrition complement.
The primary raw material that the inventive method utilizes garden waste to cultivate for edible mushroom, simultaneously with special street tree frame as carrier, pass through batching, charging, sterilization, cooling again, inoculate, send out ripe fungus growing technique such as bacterium, cultivation, management of producing mushroom, obtained fresh becteriums product, for the outdoor planting of edible mushroom provides a kind of new model.
Adopt the inventive method, have following beneficial effect:
(1) is the main material that edible mushroom is cultivated with the garden waste, makes garden waste obtain the utilization of resource, turn waste into wealth, reduced environmental pollution; And the bacterium chaff after the cultivation can be used as the fertilizer of urban afforestation again, realizes that the falling leaves settle on the roots, ecological circulation.Adopt the present invention, can effectively reduce costs such as handle the urban waste, the afforestation fertilizer is purchased, can gather in the crops the high-quality edible mushroom product, can be the city trees and shrubs workman to increase income, save government expenditure.
(2) designed street tree frame can provide half-light, dark and damp growing environment for edible fungi growth, and greening is watered or face of land steam moisture can both provide suitable moisture for edible fungi growth, thereby guarantees to cultivate the edible mushroom output height that obtains, quality better.
(3) the inventive method be fit to the city, different regions, by the edible mushroom of cultivating different cultivars season, be applicable to the cultivation of multiple eating bacterium, street tree rack device availability height.Simultaneously, cultivate naturally by outdoor, save the energy resource consumption of factory culture, the nutrition of edible fungus and quality are better than factory's indoor growing, have opened up new way for producing green edible mushroom.
(4) during culturing edible fungus, edible mushroom is in street tree frame growth inside, can not influence outside attractive in appearance; And the street tree frame also can be used as the greening protection facility of trees, for the urban look location increases new highlight.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of street tree frame among the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the keel of street tree frame shown in Figure 1 and the vertical view of side plate; Wherein, from top to bottom be followed successively by: keel, side plate, the side plate that is filled with composts or fertilisers of cultivating are plugged on the keel;
Fig. 3 is the structural representation of four kinds of embodiments of removable cover of street tree frame among the present invention; Wherein, from top to bottom be followed successively by: triangle removable cover, quadrangle removable cover, pentagon removable cover and hexagon removable cover;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of street tree frame shown in Figure 1 when being used for culturing edible fungus.
Embodiment
Shown in Fig. 1-2, a kind of street tree frame comprises the keel frame 1, removable cover 2 and the side plate 3 that are made of four keel 101.
In the present embodiment, the cross section of keel 101 is I-shaped, forms groove in relative two sides; The quantity of keel 101 is four, four keel 101 tilt, equidistant, along hoop around forming the up-small and down-big keel frame 1 that is trapezoidal shape;
Be provided with a plurality of side plates 3 between two adjacent keel 101; Side plate 3 is rectangular trapezoidal, and side plate 3 length are ascending, cooperates with the spacing of two keel 101; Side plate 3 is provided with the projection that matches with the groove of keel 101 with keel 101 face in opposite directions, makes side plate 3 can make things convenient for, firmly be inserted between the adjacent keel 101; All side plates 3 are from top to bottom inlayed successively and are plugged between the keel 101, support mutually; A nethermost side plate 3 apart from the height of ground above a side plate 3, can stop other side plate 3 landings of top by being bolted on the keel 101;
Wherein, keel 101 are the reinforcing bar material, and removable cover 2 is wooden materials, and side plate 3 is the plastic-steel material.
In the present embodiment, keel 101 quantity are four, and correspondingly, removable cover 2 is quadrangle.But, varying in size according to trunk diameter, street tree frame of the present invention can also have other embodiment.According to actual needs, keel quantity can also be three, five or the six roots of sensation, and correspondingly, removable cover is triangle, pentagon or hexagon, and the structure of removable cover as shown in Figure 3.
Adopt the street tree frame of embodiment 1 at south cultivating white mushroom March or April, concrete steps comprise:
(1) collect lawn maintenance and prune the fallen leaves that the fallen leaves of the blade of grass that obtains, water plants, branch that the shrub arrangement obtains and cleaning obtain, mix, drying is crushed to 30 orders, obtains garden waste dry powder.
(2) get raw material by weight percentage: garden waste dry powder 67%, corn flour 18%, wheat bran 12%, land plaster 2% and ash 1% mix, and add water to water content and reach 62%, fully mix, and obtain composts or fertilisers of cultivating; The pH nature.
(3) composts or fertilisers of cultivating is packed in the cultivating groove 301 of each side plate 3, compacting, and with plastic foil that the notch parcel of cultivating groove 301 is tight, sterilization (120 ℃ kept 1 hour) is cooled off.
(4) in the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of cultivating groove 301, insert the mushroom cultivation kind, in indoor cultivation; Treat to send out full mycelia in the cultivating groove 301, composts or fertilisers of cultivating is become one, takes plastic foil apart.
(5) four keel 101 with the street tree frame equidistantly sequence around trunk 4, side plate 3 are inserted between adjacent two keel 101 over against the direction of trunk 4 from the bottom up with cultivating groove 301 notch levels again, side plate 3 is inlayed according to size be arranged on the trapezoidal keel frame 1; Last piece side plate 3 with 1 four sides of keel frame is fixed on the keel 101 then, simultaneously keel 101 lower ends is anchored on the face of land by spud pile 5; Cover removable cover 2, make first cover plate and second cover plate form the circular port that centers on trunk 4, buckle the buckle between first cover plate and second cover plate, simultaneously 2 four jiaos of removable covers and corresponding keel 101 tops are fixed, finish installation.Mounted street tree frame as shown in Figure 4.
(6) cultivate down in natural conditions (about 15～22 ℃ of temperature), by trees are carried out conventional garden management, water, make street tree frame humidity inside reach 80～100% between culture period, be enough to guarantee the growth needs of edible mushroom 90% moisture.
Cultivate after 7～10 days, grow a large amount of mushroom carpophores in the cultivating groove 301 of side plate 3, open the street tree frame, pluck ripe flat mushroom; Install again after the harvesting and buckle well, repeat water spray and keep cultivating humidity.Afterwards, plucked 1 time every 7～10 days or 15 days, it is more many to pluck number of times, and should grow the blanking time of twice harvesting, because the fruiting ability descends gradually, treats that bacterium no longer grows, and can finish to cultivate.Usually, can pluck (3～4 batches) continuously three to four times.
Pluck continuously finish after, open the street tree frame, take off side plate 3, scrape the composts or fertilisers of cultivating (bacterium chaff) behind the culturing edible fungus, directly be made as fertilizer and be used for afforestation, realized the recycling of garden waste; And the cultivating groove 301 of side plate 3 can use after doing the wash repeatedly.
Claims (7)
1. the method for a street tree frame culturing edible fungus, described street tree frame comprises the keel frame (1) that is made of the keel (101) around trunk (4), the side plate (3) of being located at the removable cover (2) on keel frame (1) top and being located at keel frame (1) side, and it is characterized in that: described side plate (3) offers cultivating groove (301) over against trunk (4) one sides; Described method comprises: gets side plate (3), composts or fertilisers of cultivating filled in the cultivating groove (301), and compacting, sterilization, edible mushroom cultivated species is inserted in the cooling back, is cultured to and sends out full mycelia in the cultivating groove (301); Then side plate (3) is installed on the keel frame (1), covers removable cover (2), under natural conditions, cultivate, obtain edible mushroom;
Described side plate (3) is plugged between adjacent two keel (101) of keel frame (1);
Described keel (101) are provided with groove and the projection that matches with side plate (3) face in opposite directions;
Be inserted with several described side plates (3) between described adjacent two keel (101) from top to bottom successively, nethermost side plate (3) is fixed on the keel (101);
Wherein, described composts or fertilisers of cultivating is made up of garden waste dry powder and basic culture medium of edible fungus.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described removable cover (2) is made up of first cover plate and second cover plate that mutual fastening forms the through hole that passes for trunk (4).
3. method according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described first cover plate is connected by buckle with second cover plate.
4. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described edible mushroom is flat mushroom, mushroom, Ji mushroom, Hericium erinaceus, woodear or agaricus bisporus.
5. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described composts or fertilisers of cultivating prepares by the following method: get raw material by weight percentage: garden waste dry powder 60～70%, corn flour 15～22%, wheat bran 8～14%, land plaster 1～3% and ash 0.5～1%, mix, add water to water content and reach 60～63%, mixing; The pH nature.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: in time execute water during edible fungus culturing, make street tree frame humidity inside remain on 80～100%.
7. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: after cultivation is finished, reclaim composts or fertilisers of cultivating and make the afforestation organic manure.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210112958 CN102630487B (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Method for cultivating edible mushroom on street tree frame |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN 201210112958 CN102630487B (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Method for cultivating edible mushroom on street tree frame |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN102630487A CN102630487A (en) | 2012-08-15 |
| CN102630487B true CN102630487B (en) | 2013-08-28 |
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| CN 201210112958 Expired - Fee Related CN102630487B (en) | 2012-04-18 | 2012-04-18 | Method for cultivating edible mushroom on street tree frame |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN112293150A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-02 | 滁州市金穗农业发展有限公司 | Cultivation method of mountain mushroom |
| CN112293164A (en) * | 2020-10-19 | 2021-02-02 | 滁州市金穗农业发展有限公司 | Method for planting mushrooms under forest |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2327168Y (en) * | 1998-02-26 | 1999-07-07 | 蔡宣知 | Vertical planting frame |
| CN1265697C (en) * | 2004-04-19 | 2006-07-26 | 韩省华 | Edible mushroom cultivating and producing basket and basket type cultivating method |
| CN1895027A (en) * | 2005-07-11 | 2007-01-17 | 王瑞林 | Movable plant or edibe fungus three-like culturing method and device |
| CN100998294B (en) * | 2006-12-13 | 2010-05-12 | 福建省农业科学院农业工程技术研究所 | Method for culturing edible fungi using waste tree branches from garden during greening period |
| CN101663959A (en) * | 2009-08-07 | 2010-03-10 | 江苏江南生物科技有限公司 | Method for interplanting edible fungi in biological shed house in summer |
| CN201854574U (en) * | 2010-03-26 | 2011-06-08 | 上海兆旺蕈菌有限公司 | Edible mushroom planting container |
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