Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and bed cultivating method that brand-new a kind of coprinus comatus is provided.Specifically comprise: the structure of cultivation bed, the selection of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, bacterial classification and processing method, cultural hypha method after the adjustment of ridge-up bed and the blanking before the blanking is cultivated fruiting and middle and later periods management method behind the ridge-up bed earthing.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The bed cultivating method of a kind of coprinus comatus comprises in the technical scheme: the structure of cultivation bed, and the selection of composts or fertilisers of cultivating, bacterial classification and processing method, cultural hypha method after the adjustment of ridge-up bed and the blanking before the blanking is cultivated fruiting and middle and later periods management method behind the ridge-up bed earthing; Wherein, the construction method of described cultivation bed is as follows:
1, the place is selected: but the ground of selection well-ventilated and draining, and set up booth as the protection facility of cultivation bed.
2, build ridge-up bed: it is clean to cultivate site preparation wholely, dig the ridge-up bed that dark 20~25cm, wide 80~100cm, length and booth match well mutually and shine more than 15 days, spray in ridge-up bed and around the edge of bed then that 2~3% quicklime dilution carries out disinfection and 800~900 times chlorophos dilution carries out the anti-ant of desinsection.
Selection and the processing method of described composts or fertilisers of cultivating, bacterial classification are as follows:
1, the selection of composts or fertilisers of cultivating: select routinely by fermentation prepare, color and luster is normal, free from extraneous odour, material temperature drop are standby to the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of normal temperature.
2, the selection of bacterial classification: select to prepare routinely the coprinus comatus original seed pollution-free, that mycelia is energetic or cultivated species as bacterial classification, and it is standby to break into bacterial classification the bacterium piece of iblet size off with the fingers and thumb.
3, composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification mixed processing: composts or fertilisers of cultivating is mixed in 100: 10 ratio with bacterial classification and to be stirred into compound standby according to weight ratio.
The cultural hypha method is as follows after the adjustment of the preceding ridge-up bed of described blanking and the blanking:
1, ridge-up bed adjustment: the some sections that with brick ridge-up bed are partitioned into 30~40cm along ridge-up bed.
2, blanking: execute respectively and be laid in good at interval each sections of ridge-up bed the about 12~15cm of layer thickness mixed the compound that forms by composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification.
3, cultural hypha: descended the smooth charge level in material back, compacting a little, cover dark plastic film, and plastic film is pricked saturating several apertures increase ventilation and urge mycelia and early send out, it is that 20~25 ℃, relative air humidity are about 80% that the space environment that will cultivate the place during the cultural hypha is regulated to temperature.
Cultivation fruiting and middle and later periods management method are as follows behind the described ridge-up bed earthing:
1, earthing: after the compound in each sections of ridge-up bed covers with mycelia, the dark plastic film that covers raised and will be used at interval that the brick of ridge-up bed digs out, the place that is available is that 55~60% earth are filled out with humidity, then whole ridge-up bed face is covered the soil layer of thick about 2~3cm, drenched to it toward the soil layer water spray that covers simultaneously.
2, management of producing mushroom: when occurring a large amount of mycelia on the ridge-up bed earth aspect, it is 85~90% that the temperature of planting environment is adjusted into 18~25 ℃, relative air humidity; Add forced ventilation, avoid the high light direct projection, do not spray water when young mushroom buddings, the mushroom flower bud is unearthed the back based on the ventilation humidification; When growing to 7~8 maturations, the coprinus comatus fruit body on the ridge-up bed earth aspect just in time gathers, generally grasp in the solid not hollow of mushroom body, it is the best in quality to gather when a spot of scale is arranged on the cap: gathered evening the parachute-opening self-dissolving, flow out the spore liquid of black, completely lost commodity value.
3, middle and later periods management method: clear up bed surface after the coprinus comatus fruit body is gathered immediately, through 4~6 days, mycelia began to recover to sprout in the ridge-up bed, and the soil layer water that at this moment ridge-up bed is covered drenches to drenched, and then manages to fruiting, and method is the same.
The existing following advantage of the present invention:
1, method and measure uniqueness proposed by the invention, method technology is simple, easily implements.
2, by implementing the present invention, composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification mix, and bacterial classification are spread all over and in whole composts or fertilisers of cultivating, and bacterial classification is once compound is covered with in sprouting, mycelia soon.
3, by enforcement the present invention, loose, the good permeability of the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of cultivation bed, more favourable bacterial classification sprouting, mycelia material feeding when cultivating mycelia.
4, by implementing the present invention, composts or fertilisers of cultivating need not pack, material saving, time saving and energy saving, and production process is significantly increased work efficiency.
5, by implementing the present invention, before the cultivation blanking, ridge-up bed is by being adjusted to some sections at interval, and the brick that is used at interval digs out the position of just vacating to fill earth after mycelia is covered with material, the various microbial metabolic products that produce in the earth of filling and rich nutrient contents stimulate and have improved the conversion ratio of mycelia, and the output of coprinus comatus obviously improves.
6, the present invention is fit to batch production, intensive, large-scale production, is worth promoting.
Embodiment
The bed cultivating method of a kind of coprinus comatus, embodiment is as follows:
1, make up the cultivation bed:
(1) place is selected: but the ground of selection well-ventilated and draining, and set up booth as the protection facility of cultivation bed.
(2) build ridge-up bed: it is clean to cultivate site preparation wholely, dig the ridge-up bed that dark 20~25cm, wide 80~100cm, length and booth match well mutually and shine more than 15 days, spray in ridge-up bed and around the edge of bed then that 2~3% quicklime dilution carries out disinfection and 800~900 times chlorophos dilution carries out the anti-ant of desinsection.
2, prepare composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification:
(1) selection of composts or fertilisers of cultivating: select routinely by fermentation prepare, color and luster is normal, free from extraneous odour, material temperature drop are standby to the composts or fertilisers of cultivating of normal temperature.
(2) selection of bacterial classification: select to prepare routinely the coprinus comatus original seed pollution-free, that mycelia is energetic or cultivated species as bacterial classification, and it is standby to break into bacterial classification the bacterium piece of iblet size off with the fingers and thumb.
3, composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification mixed processing: composts or fertilisers of cultivating is mixed in 100: 10 ratio with bacterial classification and to be stirred into compound standby according to weight ratio.
4, ridge-up bed adjustment before the blanking: the some sections that with brick ridge-up bed are partitioned into 30~40cm along ridge-up bed.
5, blanking: execute respectively and be laid in good at interval each sections of ridge-up bed the about 12~15cm of layer thickness mixed the compound that forms by composts or fertilisers of cultivating and bacterial classification.
6, cultural hypha: descended the smooth charge level in material back, compacting a little, cover dark plastic film, and plastic film is pricked saturating several apertures increase ventilation and urge mycelia and early send out, it is that 20~25 ℃, relative air humidity are about 80% that the space environment that will cultivate the place during the cultural hypha is regulated to temperature.
5, ridge-up bed earthing: after the compound in each sections of ridge-up bed covers with mycelia, the dark plastic film that covers raised and will be used at interval that the brick of ridge-up bed digs out, the place that is available is that 55~60% earth are filled out with humidity, then whole ridge-up bed face is covered the soil layer of thick about 2~3cm, drenched to it toward the soil layer water spray that covers simultaneously.
6, management of producing mushroom:
(1) prophase management: when occurring a large amount of mycelia on the ridge-up bed earth aspect, it is 85~90% that the temperature of planting environment is adjusted into 18~25 ℃, relative air humidity; Add forced ventilation, avoid the high light direct projection, do not spray water when young mushroom buddings, the mushroom flower bud is unearthed the back based on the ventilation humidification; When growing to 7~8 maturations, the coprinus comatus fruit body on the ridge-up bed earth aspect just in time gathers, generally grasp in the solid not hollow of mushroom body, it is the best in quality to gather when a spot of scale is arranged on the cap: gathered evening the parachute-opening self-dissolving, flow out the spore liquid of black, completely lost commodity value.
(2) middle and later periods management method: clear up bed surface after the coprinus comatus fruit body is gathered immediately, through 4~6 days, mycelia began to recover to sprout in the ridge-up bed, and the soil layer water that at this moment ridge-up bed is covered drenches to drenched, and then manages to fruiting, and method is the same.