JPH0739248A - Method for culturing coprinus comatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PURPOSE:To form tightened fruit bodies by adding carbonized chaff to scrap wood in artificial culture of mushrooms, culturing Coprinus comatus. CONSTITUTION:A bout 5-50vol.% of carbonized chaff is added to scrap wood after culture of mushrooms and Coprinus comatus is cultured. Air permeability of medium is improved, growth of mycelia is bettered by adjustment of pH and addition of a component of very small amount and the period from inoculation of spawn to occurrence of fruit body is about 40-50 days. The prepared Coprinus comatus is tightened and will not be blacken or decomposed even in allowing Coprinus comatus to stand for several days.

Description

Detailed Description of the Invention

[0001]

FIELD OF THE INVENTION The present invention relates to a method for cultivating Sasa Kurehi Toyotake (commonly known as Kokeshi mushrooms) by adding carbonized fir shells to an old medium after cultivating mushrooms. Nameko,
After cultivating oyster mushrooms and maitake mushrooms and harvesting the mushrooms, the discarded medium, that is, the waste bed is reused, and carbonized fir shells are added and mixed in an amount of 5 to 50% by volume to mix. The present invention relates to a method of inoculating the inoculum with the above seeds for cultivation. Further, the present invention relates to a method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae which increases the yield by using a mixture of a phosphoric acid component and / or a surfactant in carbonized fir shells.

[0002]

There are various kinds of mushrooms that have been cultivated so far, for example, shiitake mushrooms, honshimeji mushrooms, enokitake mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, taro mushrooms, beech shimeji mushrooms and maitake mushrooms. It is not commonly cultivated in Japan because it will change and decay. This is because the cultivation method has not been sufficiently studied and fruit bodies with mycelia tightened are not formed.

Further, as a conventional mushroom cultivation medium,
For example, in the case of beech shimeji, as a basic medium mixing ratio,
The content of rice bran is 0.7, bran is 0.7, and water content is 65% against 10.0 of hardwood sawdust. In other mushroom media, sawdust is also used as the basic medium and rice is added as a nutrient additive. Nuka and fusuma are used. However, in these media, hyphae of Pleurotus cornucopiae did not grow sufficiently, and therefore, solid fruiting bodies were not formed, and storage stability was poor, so that they were not put to practical use.

[0004] The fruiting body of Pleurotus cornucopiae cultivated by a suitable method is excellent in storability and taste, is white, and has a shape like a moss.

[0005]

[Problems to be Solved by the Invention] Although the Coprinus comatus is cultivated in China, the details of the cultivation method are not yet known. In order to form a solid fruit body, it was essential to establish a cultivation method suitable for this mushroom.

Therefore, the present inventors have intensively studied the cultivation method of Pleurotus cornucopiae, found a cultivation method for forming a firm fruit body, and completed the present invention.

[0007]

[Means for solving the problem] When cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae L., the waste bed after mushroom cultivation is used, but it is difficult for mycelium to grow as it is. PH value adjustment, addition of trace amount components, improvement of cultivating floor structure at the same time as increasing pH, and further, a cultivation method in which a phosphoric acid component, a surfactant and a carbonized fir shell are added in combination to promote the growth of mycelia. Is.

The present invention will be described in more detail below based on cultivation experiments. That is, using hardwood bark compost as a base material, 8 parts of this base material was mixed with 2 parts of various additive materials, and this was used as a basic medium, and raw rice bran as a nutrient additive was added to this basic medium. After adjusting the water content to 65 ± 2% and the pH value to 6 to 7.5 by adding 10% amount to the medium, 3 x 20 cm test tubes were uniformly packed to a height of 10 cm and sterilized by autoclaving. , Agar double inoculum, 2
The results are shown in Table 1 in which the amount of hyphal elongation was measured by culturing at 5 ° C and the average value per three was shown.

[0009]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, when the carbonized fir shells were added to the composted waste bed, the growth of mycelium was the best, so that the composted waste bed is suitable for the cultivation of this mushroom. Conceivable. Therefore, since the waste beds from various mushroom cultivations are usually well composted, they can be applied to the cultivation of this mushroom. Generally, hardwood bark is easy to compost and hardwood is difficult to compost, so hardwood materials are easy to use, but the type is not particularly limited as long as it is sufficiently composted.

[00011] As the carbonized fir shells, seedlings and smoked fir shells for wasabi fields can be used. By mixing this with the medium base material, the air permeability is enhanced and a trace amount of components is added to form a double ground tissue. It is thought that this mushroom can be adapted to cultivation.

When using a waste bed after mushroom cultivation, if the waste bed is not composted sufficiently, slaked lime may be added to the waste bed, and the waste bed may be further accumulated and used for composting before use. . At this time, the carbonized fir shells may be mixed and composted.

A composted waste bed is sticky and has fine particles, and it is difficult to adjust the water content. However, when a carbonized fir shell is added to this, the water content is easily adjusted. The components of the waste bed after the first harvest of Bunashimeji are shown in Table 2. However, if this waste bed is used as it is, the pH value is low, the growth of mycelia is low, and the growth of mycelia is poor. Therefore, if slaked lime or calcium carbonate is added to this waste bed, it is moderately neutralized and the growth of mycelia is promoted.

[00014]

[Table 2]

[00015] The basic composition of the medium of Sasa Kurehi Toyotake is based on conventional trial studies, and hardwood bark compost 10.
Compared to 0, rice bran: 0.7, bran: 0.7, the water content was 65%, but the broad-leaved bark compost was expensive, which was not suitable for economical cultivation because it increased the production cost. If the method of using the mixture of the waste bed and the carbonized fir shell according to the present invention is adopted, economical cultivation becomes possible.

[00016] In an example of cultivation of Sasa Kurehi Toyotake,
Hardwood bark compost and composted waste beds were mixed at a volume ratio of 8 bodies 2 to prepare a basic medium. 50% of the waste bed composted with carbonized fir shells was added to this, and a mixture of okara and bran at a volume ratio of 6 to 4 was added as a nutrient additive, and the ratio of the basic medium and the nutrient additive was 10 pairs. It was adjusted to 2 and used for cultivation. Water content 65 ± 2%, pH value 6
After adjusting to ˜7.5, the temperature is sterilized at 98 ° C. in an atmospheric sterilizer.
After sterilization for 5 hours, 1.2 kg of this adjusted medium was filled in a polypropylene bag with a filter. After inoculating it with a seed strain of Pleurotus cornucopiae, it was cultured at 20 ° C. for 30 days.

At the end of the culture, the fruiting body was produced by cutting the bag at a height of 3 cm from the surface of the medium and covering it with various soils, which will be described later, moistened as a medium covering material so as to have a surface of 1 cm. Temperature of growth of Sasa Kurehi Toyotake is 2
It was carried out in a generation chamber at 2 ± 2 ° C. and a humidity of 90 ± 5 ° C. The mushrooms are harvested relatively early in the bud, 1
Only the second occurrence was examined, and the results are shown in Table 3. In the table, the number of pieces generated and the weight generated were measured per bag, and the weight of mushrooms was set per one. When the soil for planting was used as a covering material, the mushroom was found to be generated, but the number of the mushrooms was set to 0 due to decay by harmful fungi. In this cultivation example, mushrooms were harvested within the buds, that is, relatively early. In this case, more than three harvests are possible.

[00018]

[Table 3]

The first harvest started 20 days after covering with soil and ended in 6 days. As shown in Table 3, in the horticultural cultivation soil area, the initial harvest amount was high, and no harvest was obtained with the plant soil soil that was heavily contaminated with harmful bacteria. This indicates that the soil covering material, which has been fertilized to some extent, is suitable for forming the primordia. In addition, Table 1 shows that a water-retaining and air-permeable medium substrate is suitable, and it is needless to say that it is less contaminated with harmful bacteria.

Although the generated weight was not significantly different between the test sections in the red terrestrial soil and the horticultural soil, the weight per mushroom was as small as 9.0 g in the horticultural soil.

When only the composted waste bed is used in place of the mixture of hardwood bark compost and the composted waste bed, 10% of the carbonized fir shell is added to the waste bed and a nutritional additive is added. As a mixture of okara and bran at a volume ratio of 6: 4, the basic medium and nutrient additives were adjusted to a ratio of 10: 2 and cultivated as a medium. The yield was the same as when the mixture was used as the basic medium. The amount of fir shell to be added is preferably 5 to 50%, but the effect is exhibited even if it is outside this range.

Further, for the purpose of increasing the yield, when a phosphoric acid component is contained in carbonized fir shell and added to the medium,
Yields increased 10-30%. As the phosphoric acid component,
There are 1 sodium hydrogen phosphate, 2 sodium hydrogen phosphate, 1 potassium hydrogen phosphate, 2 potassium hydrogen phosphate, ammonium phosphate, etc., but any one may be used as long as the pH value is adjusted to 6.5 to 7.5. . Other than these, there are calcium phosphate, chicken manure, bone powder, etc., which are difficult to dissolve, but although they increase, their effect is small but they can be used. The amount of the phosphoric acid component added to the carbonized fir shell is 1 to the weight of the carbonized fir shell.
It may be about 10%.

Similar effects are exhibited by adding a surfactant to the carbonized fir shell instead of the phosphoric acid component. As the surfactant, there are sugar ester of food additives, sodium fatty acid, and the like, and in any case, the effect appears, and even in combination with the phosphoric acid component, an additive effect also appears.

The yield of these phosphoric acid component-containing carbonized hulls and surfactant-containing carbonized fir shells can be increased by mixing them with cover soil. In addition, the carbonized fir shell has no harmful bacteria contamination and has the same function as activated carbon, and it is desirable to mix it with the cover soil.

[00025]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be described below with reference to examples. Example 1 10 kg of fully composted beech slug waste bed (water content of 65%) was mixed with 1 kg of carbonized fir shell 350 g of rice bran and 350 g of bran to give a water content of 65 ± 2% and a pH value of 6-. After adjusting to 7.5, 4.5 at normal temperature and 98 ° C.
Time-sterilized polypropylene bag with filter 1.
I packed 2kg. This was inoculated with an inoculum of Pleurotus cornucopiae, and then cultured at 20 ° C. for 30 days. At the end of culture,
Cut a bag at a height of 3 cm from the surface of the culture medium, and put red tama soil mixed with 10% by volume of carbonized fir shell as a soil covering material on the surface of the medium to be 1 cm, temperature 22 ± 2 ° C., humidity 90 ± 5% The fruit body was formed in the generation chamber. Harvesting started on the 20th day after the soil was covered, and the harvest amount was 250 to 260 g, which is equivalent to the harvest amount with the conventional hardwood bark compost base material.

Example 2 2% hydrogen phosphate 2 adjusted to pH 7 value in 1 kg of carbonized fir shell
300 ml in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 1 l of sodium solution was added, mixed and moistened, and the calculated amount of fir shell was used.
A yield of g was obtained.

Example 3 A yield of 280 g was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the amount of the carbonized fir shell was changed from 1 kg in Example 1 to 2 kg.

Example 4 Example 2 was repeated except that 2% disodium hydrogen phosphate of Example 2 was replaced with sorbitan sugar ester.
A yield of 270 g was obtained.

[00029]

EFFECTS OF THE INVENTION According to the present invention, the period from the inoculation of Pleurotus cornucopiae inoculum to the occurrence of fruiting bodies is about 40 to 50 days, which is a relatively short period, and the production cost can be reduced by utilizing the waste bed. Advantageous compared to mushroom production. The composted waste bed is sticky, its particles are fine, and its water content is difficult to adjust, making it difficult to use, but adding and mixing carbonized fir shell with this will improve the air permeability of the medium and further adjust the pH value. Also, the growth of mycelia becomes good because of the addition of trace components.

The combination of the carbonized fir shell and the nutrient components of the waste bed further enhances the growth effect and the fruit body yield.

In the conventional Sasa Kurehi Toyotake, which is blackened and rotted overnight after harvest, the Sasa Kurehi Toyotake produced by the method of the present invention has a tight organization and is blackened even if left at room temperature for several days. It doesn't rot.

Recently, the demand for new mushrooms has increased due to the gourmet boom. The mushrooms produced by the present invention meet the needs, have a tasteless taste, are pale,
Since it is a material suitable for various dishes, it can be used for various foods such as canned foods, dried vegetables, and prepared foods.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A waste bed used for artificial cultivation of mushrooms is used.
A method of cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae by adding carbonized fir shells to this abandoned bed. 2. The method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae L. according to claim 1, wherein the waste bed is a waste bed in artificial cultivation of beech shimeji mushrooms, shiitake mushrooms, enoki mushrooms, nameko mushrooms, oyster mushrooms, and maitake mushrooms. 3. The method for cultivating Pleurotus cornucopiae according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the amount of the carbonized fir shell added is 5 to 50% by volume with respect to the waste bed. 4. A phosphoric acid component and / or a surfactant is added to the carbonized fir shell of claim 1, 2.
And a method for cultivating Sasa Kurehi Tototake according to claim 3.