CN102508035A - Fuel cell AC impedance on-line testing system and measuring and controlling method - Google Patents
Fuel cell AC impedance on-line testing system and measuring and controlling method Download PDFInfo
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- CN102508035A CN102508035A CN2011103405684A CN201110340568A CN102508035A CN 102508035 A CN102508035 A CN 102508035A CN 2011103405684 A CN2011103405684 A CN 2011103405684A CN 201110340568 A CN201110340568 A CN 201110340568A CN 102508035 A CN102508035 A CN 102508035A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a fuel cell AC impedance on-line testing system and a measuring and controlling method thereof. The system comprises a program-controlled alternating current (AC) source, a blocking capacitor, a main controller, a CAN bus and a plurality of AC impedance testing units. Each AC impedance testing unit is used for detecting n chips of fuel cell AC impedances connected in series. The measuring and controlling method of the system has two working modes, which are a dynamic measuring and controlling mode and a static measuring and controlling mode. Under a dynamic measuring and controlling mode, when a fuel cell stack generates power, the main controller controlls the AC source and the AC impedance testing units through the CAN bus, measurement is carried out, measurement data is collected, such that AC impedance spectrums of all the single-chip fuel cells are obtained. Under the static measuring and controlling mode, when the fuel cell stack does not generate, the testing upon AC impedance of fuel cells with any number at a certain fixed frequency point is set manually. The system and the method provided by the invention are advantaged in simple circuit, high measurement precision, and high reliability. With the system and the method, real-time and high-precision testing requirements of fuel cell AC impedance can be satisfied.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to a kind of series electrical source monomer AC impedance Online Transaction Processing and investigating method, particularly a kind of fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing and investigating method.
Background technology
Fuel cell is a kind ofly will be stored in the device that chemical energy in fuel and the oxygenant converts electric energy to through electrochemical reaction.According in the practical application to the fuel battery power requirement; Usually fuel cell pack is composed in series to hundreds of sheet monocell by several; In the fuel cell operation process, the performance and the safety that can influence whole stack unusually of monolithic battery, therefore; Efficiently move in order to ensure fuel cell, must monitor in real time each monolithic fuel cell.Undoubtedly, the fuel cell AC impedance is the critical data of fuel cell power generation performance, monitoring in real time, and with data presentation, storage makes things convenient for the scientific research personnel to analyze and research.
The testing impedance equipment of current fuel cell comes with some shortcomings, as: equipment can only be measured under laboratory environment is established in experiment, can't online in real time test; Can only test the monolithic fuel cells impedance, can't satisfy the multi-disc fuel cell simultaneously and measure simultaneously; Can only test fuel cell at the resistance value of a certain Frequency point.And these equipment generally comprise high-grade complex instrument such as fuel battery test platform, electronic load, frequency analyzer; Need the technician correctly to dispose their hardware line, software program and interface communications protocol etc., this makes, and such test operation is complicated, cost is very high.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simple, reliable fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing and investigating method, to overcome the deficiency of existing test macro.
To achieve these goals, the technical scheme that the present invention adopted is:
A kind of fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing; This system comprises program control alternating current source, capacitance, master controller, CAN bus, a plurality of ac impedance measurement unit; It is characterized in that: said each ac impedance measurement unit detects the n sheet fuel cell AC impedance of series connection, and said ac impedance measurement unit comprises prime amplifier, I/V change-over circuit, two-way programmable filter, low-pass filter, phase difference detecting circuit, amplitude detection circuit and MCU microcontroller; Parallelly connected with load and fuel cell pack output terminal behind the wherein program control alternating current source serial connection capacitance, master controller is through the current excitation signal of the program control alternating current source output of the total line traffic control of CAN different frequency; The prime amplifier input end links to each other with each monocell in the fuel cell pack and gathers each monolithic battery combined-voltage signal; The I/V change-over circuit links to each other with the output terminal of current sensor and gathers fuel cell ac and dc current signal; The AC signal that obtains after the signal process two-way programmable filter filtering of being gathered links to each other with amplitude detection circuit with phase difference detecting circuit simultaneously; The MCU microcontroller communicates through SPI interface and phase difference detecting circuit and amplitude detection circuit, obtains the impedance magnitude and the phase data of fuel cell different frequency through computing; Master controller links to each other with each ac impedance measurement unit through the CAN bus, controls each ac impedance measurement unit and tests also collecting test data, finally obtains all monolithic fuel cell ac impedance spectroscopies.
Prime amplifier is made up of code translator, differential amplifier circuit and n two-way relay in the said ac impedance measurement unit, said n sheet fuel cell B
0～B
N-1Difference output voltage signal V
0V
1～V
N-1V
n, fuel cell B
0Output voltage signal V
0V
1With two-way relay L
1Input end connects, fuel cell B
1Output voltage signal V
1V
2With two-way relay L
2Input end connects, by that analogy fuel cell B
N-1Output voltage signal V
N-1V
nWith two-way relay L
nConnect; Code translator output signal is received two-way relay control end respectively, and the MCU microcontroller is through I/O mouth control code translator gating two-way relay L successively
1～L
n, each has only a relay to be in on-state constantly, makes monolithic fuel cell output voltage signal V
N-1V
nBy gating, and link to each other with the differential amplifier circuit input end.
Above-mentioned prime amplifier is by 16 two-way relays, and 4-16 code translator and differential amplifier circuit are formed.Fuel cell output voltage signal V
0V
1With two-way relay L
1Input end connects, V
1V
2With two-way relay L
2Input end connects, by that analogy V
15V
16With two-way relay L
16Connect.4-16 code translator output signal is received 16 relay control ends respectively.The MCU microcontroller is through I/O mouth control 4-16 code translator relay gate L successively
1～L
16, each has only a relay to be in opening state constantly, makes the monolithic fuel cell export signal V
nV
N-1(n=1,2 ... 16) by gating, and link to each other with the differential amplifier circuit input end.Differential amplifier circuit can be to input signal V
n, V
N-1(n=1,2 ... 16) carry out the differential type amplification, enlargement factor is 100 times, makes prime amplifier can gather ac voltage signal faint on the every fuel cell.
Above-mentioned two-way programmable filter is made up of 4 second-order bandpass filter A, B, C, D, and wherein second-order bandpass filter A and B, C and D can form two quadravalence Butterworth BPF.s respectively.Second-order bandpass filter A, C input end link to each other with I/V change-over circuit output signal Vi with prime amplifier output signal Vv respectively, and its output signal Vv ', Vi ' link to each other with second-order bandpass filter B, D respectively.(v) link to each other with effective value testing circuit 1 with zero passage comparator circuit 1 simultaneously, second-order bandpass filter D output signal V's second-order bandpass filter B output signal V (i) links to each other with effective value testing circuit 2 with zero passage comparator circuit 2 simultaneously.The MCU microcontroller sends the Fclk signal through the PWM port and links to each other with two-way programmable filter external clock input port.I/V change-over circuit output signal Vi links to each other A/D converter C in low-pass filter output signal Vi (R) and the amplitude detection circuit simultaneously with the low-pass filter input end
3Port connects.
Above-mentioned phase difference detecting circuit is made up of zero passage comparator circuit 1,2 and FPGA, and wherein FPGA can be reduced to the combinational logic circuit that XOR gate, d type flip flop, register, counter module, SPI module and clock module are formed.(v), V (i) is connected 1 output signal Vv (p) while and XOR gate input end I of zero passage comparator circuit to zero passage comparator circuit 1,2 input ends with AC signal V respectively
2Clk is connected with the d type flip flop input end, 2 output signal Vi (p) whiles and XOR gate input end I of zero passage comparator circuit
1D is connected with the d type flip flop input end.XOR gate output signal V (P) links to each other with the counter module input end, and clock module is that counter module provides clock signal Fclk '.D type flip flop output signal V (A) is connected with the register input end.During test; AC signal V (v), changes square-wave signal Vv (p) and Vi (p) into behind V (i) the process zero passage comparator circuit; As signal Vv (p) and Vi (p) when level is inequality; The signal V (P) of XOR gate output is a high level, so the time T of high level is input signal V (v), the time of V (i) phase phasic difference just in signal V (P) one-period.Enabling counting device module picks up counting when V (P) is high level, and V (P) becomes low level hour counter module and stops timing.Wherein when d type flip flop output signal V (A) be that explanation signal V (i) is ahead of V (v), signal V (A) is to explain that signal V (i) lags behind V (v) for high level for low level.After measuring end, counter module and register are given the SPI module counter value and signal V (A) level information through bus transfer respectively, and the SPI module is given the MCU microcontroller data transmission through the SPI1 interface then.
Above-mentioned amplitude detection circuit is by effective value testing circuit 1,2, and low-pass filter circuit 1,2 and A/D converter are formed.(v), Vv's effective value testing circuit 1,2 input ends (i) is connected with signal V respectively.The output signal Vv (M) of effective value testing circuit 1,2 is connected with low-pass filter circuit 1,2 input ends respectively with Vi (M).A/D converter C
1, C
2And C
3Port is connected with low-pass filter output signal Vi (R) with low-pass filter circuit 1,2 output signal Vv (M) ', Vi (M) ' respectively.During measurement, AC signal V (i), V are (v) through changing into and equal-sized direct current signal Vv of its effective value (M) ' and Vi (M) ' after effective value testing circuit 1,2 and the filtering.A/D converter is to signal Vv (M) ' and Vi (M) ' does, and (v) the amplitude data transmission is given the MCU microcontroller, and the MCU microcontroller promptly can obtain fuel cell AC impedance amplitude ratio through the ratio that calculates two-way amplitude data V (i), V through the SPI2 interface after the analog to digital conversion; A/D converter can obtain the DC current size of fuel cell pile output through the direct current signal Vi (R) of sampling low-pass filter output.
Above-mentioned MCU microcontroller links to each other with phase difference detecting circuit, amplitude detection circuit respectively through SPI1, SPI2 interface, and passes through the frequency of the program control alternating current source output current signal of the total line traffic control of CAN.The MCU microcontroller of a plurality of ac impedance measurements unit links to each other through the CAN bus can form the CAN network, can measure any multi-disc fuel cell pack.
The present invention also provides a kind of investigating method of fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing, and this investigating method includes dynamic measuring control pattern and two kinds of mode of operations of static observing and controlling pattern.Under the dynamic measuring control pattern, system is when the fuel cell pile power generating, and master controller is tested and the collecting test data through each ac impedance measurement unit of the total line traffic control of CAN, obtains all monolithic fuel cell ac impedance spectroscopies.During test; Initial frequency, cutoff frequency and the step frequency of test at first are set through master controller; Then ac impedance measurement unit 1 detects fuel cell output current and sends to master controller through the CAN bus; Master controller starts output through the program control alternating current source of the total line traffic control of CAN after receiving data, and output frequency is an initial frequency, and current effective value is 5%～10% of a fuel cell output current.All ac impedance measurement unit, program control alternating current source output back start test simultaneously; Then master controller sends the call transmission instruction of the 1st ac impedance measurement unit; The 1st ac impedance measurement unit receives that will test the gained data after call transmission instructs issues master controller; The call transmission instruction of redispatching the 2nd ac impedance measurement unit after master controller is received down successively, receive the test data of N ac impedance measurement unit transmission when master controller after; Program control alternating current source output frequency increases automatically; Increase the step frequency of size for being provided with, follow all ac impedance measurement unit and begin to start test again, so circulation whole test when test frequency is cutoff frequency just finishes.Under static observing and controlling pattern, when system does not generate electricity at fuel cell pack, manually detect the AC impedance of the fuel cell of any sheet number at a certain fixed frequency point.Before the test, any sheet that will test count any relay L among fuel battery negative pole and anode and any ac impedance measurement unit a
bLink to each other, make L
bThe fuel cell of any sheet number of being tested during gating is online.During test, at first through master controller test frequency, TCH test channel, program control alternating current source output current are set, master controller sends through the CAN bus broadcast data is set, and follows program control alternating current source output, and output frequency and size of current are constant to be setting value.Master controller starts the ac impedance measurement unit a that is connected with the institute test fuel cell through the TCH test channel that is provided with then, and a ac impedance measurement unit passes through relay gate L
bMake the fuel cell of being tested online; Then master controller sends the call transmission instruction of ac impedance measurement unit a; Ac impedance measurement unit a receives that will test the gained data after the call transmission instruction issues master controller, and master controller is received EOT after the data.
Circuit of the present invention is succinct, clear, and reliability is high, and cost is moderate, and measuring accuracy is high, speed is fast, and rich interface and easy expansion can be satisfied the needs that fuel cell AC impedance real-time high-precision is tested.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural principle block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a test macro control program process flow diagram of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is done further detailed description.
The present invention forms (Fig. 1) by program control alternating current source, capacitance, master controller, CAN bus and a plurality of ac impedance measurements unit; Each ac impedance measurement unit detects 16 fuel cell AC impedances, can testing total sheet number be the fuel cell monolithic AC impedance of 16*N.Each ac impedance measurement unit comprises prime amplifier, I/V change-over circuit, two-way programmable filter, low-pass filter, phase difference detecting circuit, amplitude detection circuit and MCU microcontroller; Parallelly connected with the fuel cell pack output terminal behind the wherein program control alternating current source serial connection capacitance, master controller is through the current signal of the program control alternating current source output of the total line traffic control of CAN different frequency; The prime amplifier input end links to each other with each monocell in the fuel cell pack and gathers battery combined-voltage signal; The I/V change-over circuit links to each other with the output terminal of current sensor and gathers battery ac and dc current signal, and the AC signal that obtains after the filtering of the signal of being gathered process two-way programmable filter links to each other with amplitude detection circuit with phase difference detecting circuit simultaneously; The MCU microcontroller communicates through SPI interface and phase difference detecting circuit and amplitude detection circuit, can obtain the impedance magnitude and the phase data of fuel cell different frequency through computing; Master controller links to each other with each ac impedance measurement unit through the CAN bus, controls each ac impedance measurement unit and tests, and realizes whole monolithic fuel cell 1kHz～100kHz ac impedance measurement, and finally obtains the fuel cell ac impedance spectroscopy.
Fuel cell output signal V in the prime amplifier of the present invention
0, V
1With two-way relay L
1Input end connects, V
1, V
2With two-way relay L
2Input end connects, by that analogy V
15, V
16With two-way relay L
16Connect, decoder output 16 tunnel level signals are received 16 relay control ends respectively.The MCU microcontroller is through 4 road I/O mouths output, 0000 to 1111 level signal control 4-16 code translator 74HC154 relay gate L successively
1-L
16, each has only a relay to be in opening state constantly, makes the monolithic fuel cell export signal V
n, V
N-1(n=1,2 ... 16) by gating, and link to each other with the differential amplifier circuit input end.The differential amplifier circuit of being made up of differential amplifier INA106 and tight amplifier AD826 is to input signal V
n, V
N-1(n=1,2 ... 16) carry out the differential type amplification, wherein the AC signal enlargement factor is 100 times, and can detect minimum ac voltage is 0.1mv (RMS), and highest frequency is 100kHz, and wherein two-way relay control forward voltage is 5V.
Two-way programmable filter of the present invention is made up of the LTC1264 of Linear Tech chip and peripheral circuit; Wherein peripheral circuit is designed by the FilterCAD filter-design software; Be to guarantee that it is 0.1% precision resistance that filter effect, the resistance of peripheral circuit are all selected precision for use.When the two-way programmable filter is worked; The MCU microcontroller is that LTC1264 provides a clock signal Fclk through the PWM port; Its frequency is 20 times of filter center frequency, and the highest filter center frequency of wave filter reaches as high as 250kHz, and maximum filtering amplitude can reach power supply supply voltage ± 5v.Through after the filtering, (v), V (i) noise is less, makes things convenient for the detection of late-class circuit, improved measuring accuracy for output signal V.
That FPGA selects for use in the phase difference detecting circuit of the present invention is the EP2C5T144C8N of ALTERA company, and used clock is 50M.The zero passage comparator circuit is made up of the LM3116 of TI company.During test, suppose the counter module counter value be T, when program control alternating current source output current signal frequency is f, the MCU microcontroller can obtain fuel cell AC impedance phase data through calculating:
Δ phase=360*T*f/Fclk ', wherein Fclk ' is the frequency of FPGA crystal oscillator.
When test frequency was 100kHz to the maximum, FPGA Measurement Phase precision did
100kHz/50M*360=0.72 degree.
When the test frequency minimum was 1kHz, FPGA Measurement Phase precision did
1kHz/50M*360=0.0072 degree.
Effective value testing circuit 1,2 is made up of AD637 of ADI company and peripheral circuit in the amplitude detection circuit of the present invention, and it can convert AC signal and the equal-sized d. c. voltage signal of its effective value into.Vary in size according to input signal, AD637 input signal bandwidth can reach 8M, and wherein working as the input signal effective value is 200mV, and frequency input signal reaches as high as 600kHz.Low-pass filter circuit is the second-order low-pass filter that accurate amplifier AD826 and peripheral circuit are formed, and its design is 1kHz by frequency.A/D converter is made up of 16 8 passage ADC chip TLC3548 of TI company and peripheral circuit; TCL3548 through the SPI1 interface the AC signal V that is gathered (v), V (i) amplitude data VMG1; VMG2 is transferred to the MCU microcontroller, and the MCU microcontroller can obtain fuel cell AC impedance amplitude than data through the ratio that calculates two-way amplitude data:
|Z|＝VMG1/VMG2。
MCU microcontroller of the present invention links to each other with phase difference detecting circuit respectively and links to each other with amplitude detection circuit through SPI1, SPI2 interface; A plurality of ac impedance measurements unit MCU microcontroller links to each other through the CAN bus can form the CAN network, can measure any multi-disc fuel cell pack.After detecting end, the MCU microcontroller finally can obtain the fuel cell AC impedance through calculating:
Z＝|VMG1/VMG2|cos(Δphase)+j|VMG1/VMG2|sin(Δphase)。
Can measure the AC impedance of fuel cell different frequency through changing program control alternating current source output frequency in the test, finally can obtain monolithic fuel cell ac impedance spectroscopy.That wherein the MCU microcontroller is selected for use is the PIC18F458 of MICROCHIP company.
The present invention has dynamic measuring control pattern and two kinds of mode of operations of static observing and controlling pattern, and is as shown in Figure 2.The AC impedance of all monolithic fuel cells can selective system be operated in the dynamic measuring control pattern when piling up generating for full test observation fuel cell.Under the dynamic measuring control pattern, system is when the fuel cell pile power generating, and master controller is tested and the collecting test data through each ac impedance measurement unit of the total line traffic control of CAN, obtains all monolithic fuel cell ac impedance spectroscopies.During test; Initial frequency, cutoff frequency and the step frequency of test at first are set through master controller; Then ac impedance measurement unit 1 detects fuel cell output current and sends to master controller through the CAN bus, and master controller starts output through the program control alternating current source of the total line traffic control of CAN after receiving data, and output frequency is an initial frequency; Current effective value is 5%～10% of a fuel cell output current, and the acquiescence maximum output current is 5A.50ms is waited in program control alternating current source output back; All ac impedance measurement unit start test simultaneously after program control alternating current source stable output signal, and the test duration of system wait is 10ms, and then master controller sends the call transmission instruction of the 1st ac impedance measurement unit; The 1st ac impedance measurement unit receives that will test the gained data after call transmission instructs issues master controller; Master controller is received the call transmission instruction that time-delay 5ms in back redispatches the 2nd ac impedance measurement unit, goes down successively, receive the test data of N ac impedance measurement unit transmission when master controller after; Program control alternating current source output frequency increases automatically; Increase the step frequency of size for setting, all ac impedance measurement unit begin to start test again, and so circulation whole test when test frequency is cutoff frequency just finishes.Observe the AC impedance that fuel cell piles up when not generating electricity and selective system to be operated in static observing and controlling pattern for rough.Under static observing and controlling pattern, when system does not generate electricity at fuel cell pack, manually detect the AC impedance of the fuel cell of any sheet number at a certain fixed frequency point.Be example explanation fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing Static Detection mode of operation to test whole fuel cell pack AC impedance below.During test, at first whole fuel cell stack cathode V
0With anode V
16NLink to each other with any relay Lb among any ac impedance measurement unit a, through master controller test frequency, TCH test channel, program control alternating current source output current are set then, wherein TCH test channel must be chosen as 16 (a-1)+b.Master controller sends the data that are provided with through the CAN bus broadcast then, follows program control alternating current source output, and output frequency and size of current are constant to be setting value.Time-delay 50ms waits for that the stable back of program control alternating current source output master controller starts the ac impedance measurement unit a that is connected with the institute test fuel cell according to the TCH test channel that is provided with, and a ac impedance measurement unit passes through relay gate L
bMake the fuel cell of being tested online; 10ms then delays time; Ac impedance measurement unit a accomplishes the call transmission instruction that test back master controller sends ac impedance measurement unit a; Ac impedance measurement unit a receives that will test the gained data after the call transmission instruction issues master controller, and master controller is received EOT after the data.
Should explain that at last enforcement of the present invention only is used to technical scheme is described and is unrestricted.All do not break away from the modification and the replacement of technical scheme spirit of the present invention and scope, and it all should be encompassed in the middle of the claim scope of the present invention.
The content of not doing in this instructions to describe in detail belongs to this area professional and technical personnel's known prior art.
Claims (8)
1. fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing; This system comprises program control alternating current source, capacitance, master controller, CAN bus, a plurality of ac impedance measurements unit; It is characterized in that: said each ac impedance measurement unit detects the n sheet fuel cell AC impedance of series connection, and said ac impedance measurement unit comprises prime amplifier, I/V change-over circuit, two-way programmable filter, low-pass filter, phase difference detecting circuit, amplitude detection circuit and MCU microcontroller; Parallelly connected with load and fuel cell pack output terminal behind the wherein program control alternating current source serial connection capacitance, master controller is through the current excitation signal of the program control alternating current source output of the total line traffic control of CAN different frequency; The prime amplifier input end links to each other with each monocell in the fuel cell pack and gathers each monolithic battery combined-voltage signal; The I/V change-over circuit links to each other with the output terminal of current sensor and gathers fuel cell ac and dc current signal; The AC signal that obtains after the signal process two-way programmable filter filtering of being gathered links to each other with amplitude detection circuit with phase difference detecting circuit simultaneously; The MCU microcontroller communicates through SPI interface and phase difference detecting circuit and amplitude detection circuit, obtains the impedance magnitude and the phase data of fuel cell different frequency through computing; Master controller links to each other with each ac impedance measurement unit through the CAN bus, controls each ac impedance measurement unit and tests also collecting test data, finally obtains all monolithic fuel cell ac impedance spectroscopies.
2. fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: prime amplifier is made up of code translator, differential amplifier circuit and n two-way relay in the said ac impedance measurement unit, said n sheet fuel cell B
0～B
N-1Difference output voltage signal V
0V
1～V
N-1V
n, fuel cell B
0Output voltage signal V
0V
1With two-way relay L
1Input end connects, fuel cell B
1Output voltage signal V
1V
2With two-way relay L
2Input end connects, by that analogy fuel cell B
N-1Output voltage signal V
N-1V
nWith two-way relay L
nConnect; Code translator output signal is received two-way relay control end respectively, and the MCU microcontroller is through I/O mouth control code translator gating two-way relay L successively
1～L
n, each has only a relay to be in on-state constantly, makes monolithic fuel cell output voltage signal V
N-1V
nBy gating, and link to each other with the differential amplifier circuit input end.
3. fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that: said prime amplifier is by 16 two-way relays, and 4-16 code translator and differential amplifier circuit are formed, and said fuel cell is 16, said 16 fuel cell B
0～B
15Difference output voltage signal V
0V
1～V
15V
16, fuel cell B
0Output voltage signal V
0V
1With two-way relay L
1Input end connects, fuel cell B
1Output voltage signal V
1V
2With two-way relay L
2Input end connects, by that analogy, and fuel cell B
15Output voltage signal V
15V
16With two-way relay L
16Connect; Said 4-16 code translator output signal is received 16 two-way relay control ends respectively; Said MCU microcontroller is through I/O mouth control 4-16 code translator gating two-way relay L successively
1～L
16, each has only a relay to be in on-state constantly, makes monolithic fuel cell output voltage signal V
nV
N-1By gating, n=1 wherein, 2 ... 16, and link to each other with the differential amplifier circuit input end.
4. fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: said two-way programmable filter is made up of 4 second-order bandpass filter A, B, C, D, and wherein second-order bandpass filter A and B, C and D form two quadravalence Butterworth BPF.s respectively; Second-order bandpass filter A, C input end link to each other with I/V change-over circuit output signal Vi with prime amplifier output signal Vv respectively, and its output signal Vv ', Vi ' link to each other with second-order bandpass filter B, D respectively; (v) link to each other with effective value testing circuit 1 with zero passage comparator circuit 1 simultaneously, second-order bandpass filter D output signal V's second-order bandpass filter B output signal V (i) links to each other with effective value testing circuit 2 with zero passage comparator circuit 2 simultaneously; The MCU microcontroller sends the Fclk signal through the PWM port and links to each other with two-way programmable filter external clock input port; I/V change-over circuit output signal Vi links to each other A/D converter C in low-pass filter output signal Vi (R) and the amplitude detection circuit simultaneously with the low-pass filter input end
3Port connects.
5. fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: said phase difference detecting circuit is made up of zero passage comparator circuit 1, zero passage comparator circuit 2 and FPGA, and wherein FPGA is the combinational logic circuit that XOR gate, d type flip flop, register, counter module, SPI module and clock module are formed; (v), V (i) is connected 1 output signal Vv (p) while and XOR gate input end I of zero passage comparator circuit with AC signal V respectively for zero passage comparator circuit 1, zero passage comparator circuit 2 input ends
2Clk is connected with the d type flip flop input end, 2 output signal Vi (p) whiles and XOR gate input end I of zero passage comparator circuit
1D is connected with the d type flip flop input end; XOR gate output signal V (P) links to each other with the counter module input end, and clock module is that counter module provides clock signal Fclk '; D type flip flop output signal V (A) is connected with the register input end, and register sum counter module is connected with the SPI module through bus.
6. fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: said amplitude detection circuit is by effective value testing circuit 1, effective value testing circuit 2; Low-pass filter circuit 1, low-pass filter circuit 2 and A/D converter are formed; Effective value testing circuit 1, effective value testing circuit 2 input ends respectively with signal V (v), V (i) is connected, the output signal Vv (M) of effective value testing circuit 1, effective value testing circuit 2 is connected with low-pass filter circuit 1, low-pass filter circuit 2 input ends respectively with Vi (M); A/D converter C
1, A/D converter C
2With A/D converter C
3Port is connected with low-pass filter output signal Vi (R) with low-pass filter circuit 1, low-pass filter circuit 2 output signal Vv (M) ', Vi (M) ' respectively.
7. fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that: said MCU microcontroller links to each other with phase difference detecting circuit, amplitude detection circuit respectively through SPI1, SPI2 interface; And the frequency through the program control alternating current source output current signal of the total line traffic control of CAN; The MCU microcontroller of a plurality of ac impedance measurements unit is connected to form the CAN network through the CAN bus, and any multi-disc fuel cell is measured.
8. fuel cell AC impedance Online Transaction Processing as claimed in claim 1, the investigating method of this system have dynamic measuring control pattern and two kinds of mode of operations of static observing and controlling pattern:
Under the dynamic measuring control pattern, master controller is tested and the collecting test data through the program control alternating current source of the total line traffic control of CAN and each ac impedance measurement unit, obtains all monolithic fuel cell ac impedance spectroscopies; During test; Initial frequency, cutoff frequency and the step frequency of test at first are set through master controller; Then ac impedance measurement unit 1 detects the fuel cell pack output current and sends to master controller through the CAN bus; Master controller starts output through the program control alternating current source of the total line traffic control of CAN after receiving data, and output frequency is an initial frequency, and current effective value is 5%～10% of a fuel cell pack output current; After program control alternating current source output is stable; All ac impedance measurement unit start test simultaneously; Then master controller sends the call transmission instruction of the 1st ac impedance measurement unit, and the 1st ac impedance measurement unit receives that will test the gained data after call transmission instructs issues master controller, the call transmission instruction of the 2nd the ac impedance measurement unit of redispatching after master controller is received; Go down successively; Receive the test data of N ac impedance measurement unit transmission when master controller after, program control alternating current source output frequency increases automatically, increases the step frequency of size for being provided with; Follow all ac impedance measurement unit and begin to start test again, so circulation whole test when test frequency is cutoff frequency just finishes;
Under static observing and controlling pattern, when system does not generate electricity at fuel cell pack, the AC impedance of the fuel cell of any sheet number of detection at a certain fixed frequency point is set manually; Before the test, any sheet that will test count any relay L among fuel battery negative pole and anode and any ac impedance measurement unit a
bLink to each other, make L
bThe fuel cell of any sheet number of being tested during gating is online; During test; At first test frequency, TCH test channel, program control alternating current source output current are set through master controller; Master controller sends through the CAN bus broadcast data is set, and follows program control alternating current source output, and output frequency and size of current are constant to be setting value; Master controller starts the ac impedance measurement unit a that is connected with the institute test fuel cell through the TCH test channel that is provided with then, and a ac impedance measurement unit passes through relay gate L
bMake the fuel cell of being tested online; Then master controller sends the call transmission instruction of ac impedance measurement unit a; Ac impedance measurement unit a receives that will test the gained data after the call transmission instruction issues master controller, and master controller is received EOT after the data.
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