A kind of generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device
Technical field
The utility model belongs to synchronous alternating-current generator and electrical network parallel technology field, and relate to a kind of automatic sub-synchronous device ensureing the synchronous alternating-current generator safety grid-connection accurate same period, this device is applicable to the accurate simultaneous interconnecting of medium waterpower generator station.
Background technology
Generator connecting in parallel with system is the great operation often carried out in electric power system.When system cloud gray model is normal, along with ever-increasing system loading, require that generating set starts fast and puts in electric power system and go, to meet the needs that user power utilization amount increases.When electric power system is broken down, electric power system can lose partial power, requires standby generator sets to be dropped into rapidly electric power system to prevent power system collapse.These situations all require the simultaneous operation of generator connecting in parallel with system, by generator fast, safety, drop into electric power system accurately, guarantee reliable, the economical operation of electric power system and the safety of generator.Along with the increase of generator single-machine capacity, the responsibility that parallel operation is undertaken is more great, it is also proposed higher requirement to automatic sub-synchronous device.
At present, there is complex structure, defect that operating cost is high in existing automatic sub-synchronous device, cause the manual or semi-automatic semi-synchronizing device that current many Small And Medium Capacity generating sets still adopt operation easier larger, and existing semi-synchronizing device can not judge to three-phase voltage phase sequence.If carry out grid-connected when phase sequence mistake, cause serious damage sequence by gen-set and electrical network; Meanwhile, existing semi-synchronizing device can not adjust automatically to the voltage of generator and rotating speed, to reach the object of rapid combination.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome existing semi-synchronizing device complex structure, operating cost is high, three-phase voltage phase sequence correctness can not be judged, and can not the technological deficiency of regulator generator voltage and rotating speed automatically, the utility model provides a kind of generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device.This device not only structure is simple, and operating cost is low, and can judge three-phase voltage phase sequence, stops non-synchronous and non-homophase combined floodgate; Meanwhile, and in network process, can and excitation, speed regulator coordinates grid-connected to accelerate, and raises the efficiency, and saves the valuable energy.
It is as follows that the utility model realizes the technical scheme that above-mentioned purpose takes:
A kind of generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device, comprises MCU control unit, also comprises the circuit of testing the phase sequence, voltage detecting circuit, alignment circuit and the Voltage regulating relay circuit that are electrically connected with MCU control unit respectively.
Further improve as the utility model, described circuit of testing the phase sequence comprises divider resistance and optical coupler, and the input of optical coupler is electrically connected with divider resistance; Circuit of testing the phase sequence is for the three-phase alternating voltage of the three-phase alternating voltage and network system side of isolating generator side.
Further improve as the utility model, described voltage detecting circuit comprises voltage transformer and operational amplifier, amplifies after the induced voltage of voltage detecting circuit carries out shaping filter by operational amplifier again, the signal of telecommunication input MCU control unit after amplification.
Further improve as the utility model, described alignment circuit comprises speedup relay and deceleration relay, matches with speed regulator, for Real-Time Monitoring generator speed.
Further improve as the utility model, described Voltage regulating relay circuit comprises supercharging relay and decompression relay, matches, for automatic regulator generator voltage with generator excited system.
Further improve as the utility model, described MCU control unit comprises CPU and A/D converter, first to needing the three-phase alternating voltage phase sequence of the generator side of the same period and network system side to detect, after phase sequence is identical, Real-time Collection is carried out to the voltage of synchrous generator side and network system side and frequency more simultaneously, calculate difference on the frequency, voltage difference and phase difference, and create the some same period by PID speed governing, PID pressure regulation.
Further improve as the utility model, generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device of the present utility model also comprises the keyboard for input control order, display information display screen and for realizing the communication interface with construction of computer network; Keyboard, display screen and communication interface are electrically connected with MCU control unit respectively.
Compared with existing automatic sub-synchronous device, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:
(1) generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device of the present utility model includes circuit of testing the phase sequence, circuit of testing the phase sequence, for the three-phase alternating voltage of the three-phase alternating voltage and network system side of isolating generator side, can measure the phase sequence of the object needing the same period.
(2) phase sequence is correctly realize the grid-connected most important condition, and when in the incorrect situation of phase sequence, this device refuses grid-connected work, until phase sequence is correct, gets rid of the phase sequence wiring error because human factor causes, avoids non-homophase to close a floodgate, the generation of Accident prevention.
(3) generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device of the present utility model further comprises Voltage regulating relay circuit and alignment circuit, and wherein, Voltage regulating relay circuit matches with generator excited system, for automatic regulator generator voltage; Alignment circuit matches with speed regulator, for Real-Time Monitoring generator speed.Automatic Regulation and speed governing can realize fast automatic grid-connected, improve percent of automatization, reduce artificial same period speed slow and cause the waste of water resources simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is circuit of testing the phase sequence schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is voltage detecting circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is automatic speed regulation circuit and Voltage regulating relay circuit diagram.
Description of reference numerals: 1, MCU control unit; 2, network system voltage; 3, generator voltage; 4, shaping is isolated; 5, shaping is isolated; 6, amplification filtering; 7, amplification filtering; 8, square wave is changed; 9, square wave is changed; 10, LED display; 11, keyboard; 12, communication interface; 13, Phototube Coupling; 14, circuit breaker feedback signal; 15, Phototube Coupling; 16, switching signal; 17, speed governing exports; 18, pressure regulation exports.
Embodiment
For the ease of understanding the purpose of this utility model, technical scheme and effect thereof, now will be elaborated further the utility model in conjunction with the embodiments.
Still there is many-sided technological deficiency in existing automatic sub-synchronous device, one is the manual or semi-automatic semi-synchronizing device that many Small And Medium Capacity generating sets still adopt operation easier larger; Two is can not judge three-phase alternating voltage phase sequence; Moreover, automatically can not adjust the voltage of generator and rotating speed, grid-connected time-lag; Be exactly that apparatus structure complexity, operating cost are high in addition.
The utility model, for the above-mentioned technological deficiency of existing automatic sub-synchronous device, provides a kind of generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device.The structural representation of Fig. 1 generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device of the present utility model, as can be seen from Figure 1, this device comprises MCU control unit 1, also comprises the circuit of testing the phase sequence, voltage detecting circuit, alignment circuit and the Voltage regulating relay circuit that are electrically connected with MCU control unit 1 respectively.Wherein, MCU (Micro Controller Unit), also known as one chip microcomputer (Single Chip Microcomputer), is called for short single-chip microcomputer.
As shown in Figure 1, the course of work of generator connecting in parallel with system automatic sub-synchronous device of the present utility model can be described as: network system voltage 2 is by after isolation shaping 4, and be divided into two-way, wherein a road is after amplification filtering 6, enters MCU control unit 1; Conversion square wave 8 of separately leading up to enters MCU control unit 1 afterwards.Generator voltage 3 is by after isolation shaping 5, and be divided into two-way, wherein a road is after amplification filtering 7, enters MCU control unit 1; Conversion square wave 9 of separately leading up to enters MCU control unit 1 afterwards.MCU control unit 1 by LED display 10 in real time display voltage difference and difference on the frequency whether qualified, and current phase difference.Control startup, the stopping of synchronous device respectively by the button of three on keyboard 11 and allow to close a floodgate.MCU control unit 1 is by communication interface 12 and compunication networking.Circuit breaker feedback signal 14 enters MCU control unit 1 after Phototube Coupling 13.MCU control unit 1 controls closing relay by Phototube Coupling 15 and exports switching signal 16.When generator speed (or frequency) do not reach or higher than rated speed (or frequency) time, then export 17 by speed governing and control speed regulator foldings, reach speed governing object.When generator voltage depart from network system voltage 2 more time, then by pressure regulation export 18 control excitations, reach pressure regulation object.
Traditional automatic sub-synchronous device, can not detect accurately three-phase alternating voltage phase sequence and judge, for overcoming this technological deficiency, this device adopts light-coupled isolation amplifying technique, and its technological core is TLP521-1 light-coupled isolation.As shown in Figure 2, by the electric resistance partial pressure of two 100K, then access the input of optocoupler, when input power up signal, photophore emits beam, light-receiving device just produces photoelectric current after accepting light, flows out from output, thus achieves " electricity-light-electricity " conversion.The major advantage of optical coupler is: signal one-way transmission, and input and output fully achieve electrical isolation, outputs signal on input without impact, and antijamming capability is strong, and working stability, contactless, long service life, efficiency of transmission is high.
Optical coupler achieves two groups of three-phase alternating voltage isolation of generator side and network system side, then by one group of operational amplifier (abbreviation amplifier), the small-signal obtained after isolation is carried out shaping filter, and then send into MCU control unit 1 after amplifying, the detection carrying out level obtains the sequential of two groups of three-phase alternating voltage phase sequences.Phase sequence is the most important condition realizing grid-connected operation, and when in the incorrect situation of phase sequence, this device refuses grid-connected operation, until phase sequence is correct.
The voltage inspection side device of tradition semi-synchronizing device, adopts voltage transformer isolation, is then adding integrating circuit, carrying out integration, thus realize the conversion of effective value to the induced voltage of voltage transformer.The shortcoming of tradition semi-synchronizing device is exactly that circuit components is many, and debugging is complicated, and precision affects comparatively large by component parameters, real-time change is slow, can not reflect the truth of voltage very well.
And the employing of this device is high-accuracy small-size voltage transformer, there is volume little, the feature that precision is high.As shown in Figure 3, induced voltage amplifies after carrying out shaping filter by one group of amplifier (operational amplifier) again, finally sends into high speed MCU control unit 1, directly gathers AC signal, through a series of mathematical operation after collection, draw the effective value of voltage.Specifically, voltage through being divided into two paths of signals to export after mutual inductance isolation, carry out different conversion thus realize different parameters be collected in calculating: a road is continued through amplifying, after filtering process, finally enter MCU control unit 1 through the laggard row data acquisition of A/D analog-to-digital conversion, for voltage effective value and phase calculation; Another road is transformed to square-wave signal through Zero-cross comparator, then sends into MCU control unit 1, for carrying out the measurement of phase sequence and frequency.Compare traditional RMS-DC converter circuit, the digital collection dress that this device adopts changes circuit and has speed soon, and real-time is good, and low to components and parts required precision, precision is high, the feature that anti-jamming effectiveness is good.
Traditional semi-synchronizing device does not have the function of voltage-regulation and rotational speed regulation.Traditional semi-synchronizing device regulator generator voltage entirely by operating personnel's manual adjustments generator excitation, and is observed by voltmeter, and governing speed is slow, and degree of regulation is poor.As shown in Figure 4, this device has supercharging, and two the relay dry contacts that reduce pressure export, and can match with generator excited system, by PID (proportion integration differentiation) regulator generator voltage automatically, has speed fast, the feature that precision is high.For the function of rotational speed regulation, the rotating speed of traditional semi-synchronizing device regulator generator, complete in operating personnel's manual adjustments water intaking valve, and observed by tachometer, be difficult to realize quick adjustment, thus waste a large amount of water resourcess.As shown in Figure 4, this device can Real-Time Monitoring generator speed (frequency), and by speedup, the dry contact of two relays that slow down exports, and matches with speed regulator.Regulated by PID again, make generator frequency and mains frequency fast approaching, create the some same period as early as possible.
The utility model is done above in conjunction with the embodiments and further described, but the utility model is not limited to above-mentioned execution mode, in the ken that one skilled in the relevant art possesses, can also make a variety of changes under the prerequisite not departing from the utility model aim.