CN106324355B - The ac impedance measurement system and method for electrochemical appliance - Google Patents
The ac impedance measurement system and method for electrochemical appliance Download PDFInfo
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- CN106324355B CN106324355B CN201610832431.3A CN201610832431A CN106324355B CN 106324355 B CN106324355 B CN 106324355B CN 201610832431 A CN201610832431 A CN 201610832431A CN 106324355 B CN106324355 B CN 106324355B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R27/00—Arrangements for measuring resistance, reactance, impedance, or electric characteristics derived therefrom
- G01R27/02—Measuring real or complex resistance, reactance, impedance, or other two-pole characteristics derived therefrom, e.g. time constant
- G01R27/08—Measuring resistance by measuring both voltage and current
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemical appliance, control device, DC adjustment branch and with the disturbance adjusting branch of DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection, electrochemical appliance connects control device；DC adjustment branch includes the first output loading, disturbance adjusting branch includes the current disturbing device and the second output loading for generating current perturbation, control device is used for after control current disturbing device is opened, the input current of current disturbing device is adjusted to default current perturbation, and AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency of default current perturbation is calculated according to the output electric current and output voltage of the monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance.The present invention also provides a kind of ac impedance measurement methods of electrochemical appliance.The ac impedance measurement system and method for electrochemical appliance of the invention, circuit structure is simple, versatile, and further improves the performance of the test macro.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrochemical appliance technical fields, more particularly to a kind of ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance
System and method.
Background technique
Hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell, abbreviation PEMFC)
It is a kind of electrochemical appliance, chemical energy is directly converted into electric energy, the conversion of traditional combustion engine energy is limited by Carnot cycle, and
The conversion of hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell energy is not limited by Carnot cycle, and theoretically its energy conversion efficiency is higher.Due to
The substance for participating in reaction is hydrogen and air, and reaction product is water, does not generate noxious emission, therefore the blueness by people
It looks at, is gradually applied to the fields such as stand-by station, communications and transportation and mobile power source.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells output characteristics is direct current, and monolithic output voltage is less than 1V, is typically 0.7V, in order to
It is capable of providing higher voltage, needs for many fuel cell monolithics to be cascaded, forms fuel cell pile, output work
Rate correspondinglys increase.Fuel cell monolithic is by anode gas diffusion layer (Gas Diffusion Layer, abbreviation GDL), membrane electrode assembly
Part (Membrane Electrode Assemblies, abbreviation MEA) and cathode gas diffusion layer composition.
Fuel cell pile is the core component of fuel cell generation, and in pile periphery, there are many accessory systems to assist
Fuel cell pile works, including air system, hydrogen gas system, cooling system, power regulating system, humidification system and control
System processed etc..Air system is responsible for pile and provides suitable oxidant i.e. air, needs to be adjusted according to operating condition into pile
Temperature, pressure and the flow of air；Hydrogen gas system is responsible for pile supply hydrogen, needs to adjust the hydrogen for entering pile according to operating condition
Atmospheric pressure and flow；Cooling system then makes stack temperature keep proper level by way of coolant circulation, guarantees that pile is steady
Determine reliability service；Power regulating system then keeps fuel electric by way of adjusting fuel cell pile output voltage or output electric current
Cell system output characteristics is able to satisfy loading demand；Humidification system is responsible for adjusting the humidity for the air for entering pile, overdrying or overly moist
There is detrimental effect to proton exchange membrane and pile, it is therefore desirable to which humid control is carried out to the air for entering pile；Control system
System is entire fuel cell generation " brain ", especially optimizes control to the subsystems of pile periphery, so that
Pile is in optimum Working, guarantees the operation of pile long time stability.
Fig. 1 is a kind of typical fuel cell system, and surrounding air enters radiator after compressing via air compressor machine, by radiating
Enter humidifier after device is cooling to be humidified, pile is entered after humidification, occur electrochemical reaction, the oxygen meeting of cathode side and comes from
The hydrogen ion of anode chemically reacts, and produces water (gaseous state or liquid) while exporting electric energy, and largely by cathode
Air side outflow, therefore oxygen content decline in the cathode air after reaction is participated in, water content (humidity) increases, and exports in pile
Air is discharged into environment after condenser recycles moisture by flow control valve 2.Wherein air system can by air compressor machine,
The coordinated control of flow control valve 1 and 2 controls air mass flow and air pressure into pile, can be adjusted by radiator
Intake air temperature controls ambient humidity by humidifier.
According to the working principle of PEMFC and performance characteristics it is found that due to pile internal-response generate water (gaseous state or liquid
State) it needs to take out of by cathode reaction channel, if the liquid water generated excludes not in time, the water of generation can hinder runner, i.e.,
So-called water logging phenomenon, causes Performance data to decline, and influences the use of fuel cell.In order to improve drainability, need to improve
The flow or flow velocity of air are smoothly to blow down liquid water.In idling or Smaller load, since the water of generation is less than normal, if one
Directly keep biggish air mass flow, then be easy runner and Surface modification of proton exchange membrane water are all dried up, lead to film overdrying and under performance
Drop；If being always maintained at lesser air mass flow, the liquid water for being not easy to blow away in runner and lead to water logging.
It in Fuel Cell Control System, is configured based on existing sensor, including anode and cathode inlet temperature and pressure pass
Sensor, anode and cathode outlet temperature and pressure sensor, cathode import and export humidity sensor, generally use lumped parameter model to combustion
Material battery stack inner workings are observed, but since fuel cell pile is connected in series by many monolithics, are supplied by pile
The limitation of gas system structure, each fuel cell monolithic admission pressure, temperature, humidity and air-intake component difference, monolithic
Gas supply state difference and temperature difference cause monolithic voltage inconsistency occur, when unreasonable for system structure and monolithic quantity increases
Added-time, monolithic voltage inconsistency are more obvious.Since the working condition of fuel cell monolithic cannot be observed in real time, especially cannot
It is timely and effective to judge whether monolithic water logging or film occurs and do phenomenon, therefore by fuel cell air supply system and humidification system
Control realizes that adjusting fuel battery inside working condition is difficult to avoid that local burnup's battery monomer occur water logging or film occur dry existing
As this is very unfavorable to fuel cell system performance boost.
But with the progress of science and technology, by constantly furtheing investigate, it has been found that the performance characteristics of fuel cell
It can be studied, be had between the working condition and equivalent circuit middle impedance member of fuel cell certain with the mode of equivalent circuit
Corresponding relationship.Relationship and fuel cell equivalent circuit between fuel cell equivalent circuit and fuel battery performance
Corresponding relationship between resistance member, capacitor member and fuel cell pile difference component status, by obtaining fuel electricity in real time
The change in impedance value of resistance member and capacitor member in the equivalent circuit of pond, so that it may Accurate Prediction fuel cell monolithic working condition and combustion
Expect battery stack overall work state.
To obtain resistance and capacitance parameter in fuel cell equivalent circuit, need to carry out Study on AC impedance, existing market
On commercialization ac resistance analysis equipment, price is all at 100,000 yuans or more, operating voltage range and electric current model
Enclose all be unable to satisfy existing fuel cell be widely applied requirement, especially fuel cell pack monolithic quantity can from it is a piece of to
Up to a hundred variations and fuel cell monolithic area can change from several square centimeters to up to a hundred square centimeters.Although commercialization exchange
The frequency measurement of impedance analysis equipment is in extensive range, but according to literature survey the result shows that, carry out fuel cell exchange resistance
When analysis resistant, acceptable frequency range is that there is no so wide described in these instrument and equipments.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem that the at high cost and versatility of above-mentioned commercialization ac resistance analysis equipment is poor, the purpose of the present invention
It is to provide a kind of ac impedance measurement system and method for electrochemical appliance, above-mentioned cost of testing system is low and versatility is high.
To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemical appliance, control device, DC adjustment branch
And the disturbance adjusting branch with the DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection, the electrochemical appliance connect the control device；
The DC adjustment branch includes the first output loading, and the input terminal of first output loading is connected to the electricity
Chemical devices, the output end of first output loading are connect with the control device signal, described in the control device monitoring
The working condition of first output loading；
The disturbance adjusting branch includes the current disturbing device and the second output loading for generating current perturbation, described
The input terminal of current disturbing device is connected to the electrochemical appliance, the output end connection described second of the current disturbing device
Output loading, and the current disturbing device and second output loading are connected to the control device；
The control device is used for after controlling the current disturbing device and opening, by the input of the current disturbing device
Electric current is adjusted to default current perturbation, and is calculated according to the output electric current of the monolithic to be measured of the electrochemical appliance and output voltage
AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency of the default current perturbation.
The control device includes controller and for monitoring each of the electrochemical appliance in one of the embodiments,
The voltage polling device of the output voltage of a monolithic to be measured；
The voltage measuring terminal of each monolithic of the electrochemical appliance is connected to the voltage polling device, the voltage
Inspection device connects the controller, and the controller controls the voltage polling device acquisition for selecting monolithic to be measured
The output voltage of the selected monolithic to be measured.
The voltage polling device includes connecting with each monolithic of the electrochemical appliance in one of the embodiments,
Monolithic gating module and signal processing module；
Output electricity of the monolithic gating module for the monolithic to be measured according to the control signal acquisition of the controller
Pressure；The signal processing module is connect with the controller, for the output voltage of the monolithic to be measured to be sent to the control
Device processed.
In one of the embodiments, further include first voltage detection device and is exported for detecting the electrochemical appliance
First current detection means of electric current；
The input terminal of the first voltage detection device is connected to the output end of the electrochemical appliance, the first voltage
The output end of detection device is connected to the common end of the voltage polling device and the controller；The first current detecting dress
The output end for being arranged in series in the electrochemical appliance is set, first current detection means is connected to the voltage polling device
With the common end of the controller.
The DC adjustment branch further includes for detecting the defeated of first output loading in one of the embodiments,
Enter the second current detection means of electric current, second current detection means is connected to the controller.
The disturbance adjusting branch further includes for detecting the defeated of the current disturbing device in one of the embodiments,
Enter the third current detection means of electric current, the third current detection means is connected to the controller, and the controller is also used
In the input current according to the current disturbing device detected of the third current detection means, adjusts the electric current and disturb
The time that dynamic device is switched on or off makes the input current of the current disturbing device reach the default current perturbation.
The input current of the current disturbing device includes that exchange current perturbation and direct current are disturbed in one of the embodiments,
The amplitude of streaming current, the exchange current perturbation is less than the amplitude of the direct current current perturbation；
The control device is also used to adjust the forcing frequency, disturbance amplitude and direct current disturbance electricity of exchange current perturbation
The amplitude of stream, to obtain the default current perturbation.
The disturbance adjusting branch further includes for detecting the defeated of the current disturbing device in one of the embodiments,
The 4th current detecting dress of the second voltage detection device of voltage and the output electric current for detecting the current disturbing device out
It sets；
The second voltage detection device and the 4th current detection means are connected to the controller, the control
Device is used for the voltage of the second output loading according to the output voltage of the current disturbing device and the output current regulation
Range or resistance value.
The current disturbing device is Boost step-up DC/DC converter, Buck type drop in one of the embodiments,
Press DC/DC converter or DC/AC converter.
The present invention also provides a kind of ac impedance measurement methods of electrochemical appliance, for above-mentioned electrochemical appliance
Ac impedance measurement system, described method includes following steps:
The first output loading starting is controlled, electrochemical appliance works normally；
Judge whether to ac impedance measurement；When determining to carry out ac impedance measurement, then following steps are executed:
Control current disturbing device and the second output loading starting；
Adjust the voltage range or resistance value of second output loading；
The input current of the current disturbing device is adjusted to default current perturbation；
Obtain the output electric current and output voltage of the monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance；
The forcing frequency with the default current perturbation is calculated according to the output electric current and output voltage of the monolithic to be measured
Corresponding AC impedance；
The forcing frequency for changing the default current perturbation obtains the default current perturbation of update；
Exchange corresponding with updated forcing frequency is calculated according to the output electric current of the monolithic to be measured and output voltage
Impedance；
According to multiple and different forcing frequency and its corresponding AC impedance, the AC impedance of the electrochemical appliance is obtained
Map.
In one of the embodiments, the method also includes:
Obtain the forcing frequency that current perturbation is exchanged in current perturbation and disturbance amplitude；
Obtain the amplitude of direct current current perturbation in current perturbation；
It is obtained according to the amplitude of the forcing frequency of the exchange current perturbation, disturbance amplitude and the direct current current perturbation pre-
If current perturbation；
The time opened or closed for adjusting the current disturbing device, by the input current tune of the current disturbing device
Whole is the default current perturbation.
The method also includes following steps in one of the embodiments:
When determining without ac impedance measurement, it is in the open state to control first output loading, and control institute
State the closing of current disturbing device.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The ac impedance measurement system and method for electrochemical appliance of the invention is made described by the first output loading adjusting
Electrochemical appliance works normally, and when current disturbing device is opened, adjusts electricity by the second output loading and current disturbing device
The input current of flow disturbance device, so that the output electric current of electrochemical appliance has been superimposed an exchange on the basis of DC current
Current perturbation, so as to realize electrochemical appliance AC impedance detection, and foregoing circuit structure is simple, versatile,
Reduce the cost of ac impedance measurement system.Also, it is negative by the first output loading of relatively independent setting and the second output
It carries, to further improve the performance of the test macro.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of an embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit diagram of electrochemical appliance；
Fig. 3 is the AC impedance spectroscopy of electrochemical appliance；
Fig. 4 is the system diagram of the ac impedance measurement system of the electrochemical appliance of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the circuit structure diagram of one embodiment of current disturbing device in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the circuit structure diagram of another embodiment of current disturbing device in Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of one embodiment of voltage polling device in Fig. 4；
Fig. 8 is the input current and relevant voltage signal graph of current disturbing device under unifrequency ac impedance measurement mode；
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of one embodiment of ac impedance measurement method of electrochemical appliance of the invention.
Specific embodiment
Friendship in order to keep technical solution of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with attached drawing, to electrochemical appliance of the invention
Flow impedance test macro and method are described in further detail.It should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only to
Explain that the present invention is not intended to limit the present invention.It should be noted that in the absence of conflict, embodiment in the application and
Feature in embodiment can be combined with each other.
As shown in figure 4, the ac impedance measurement system of the electrochemical appliance 100 of one embodiment of the invention, including electrochemistry
Device 100, control device, DC adjustment branch and the disturbance adjusting branch of DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection, first voltage detection fill
Set 500 and first current detection means 600.Wherein, first voltage detection device 500 can be voltage sensor, the first electric current
Detection device 600 can be current sensor or current transformer etc..It electrochemical appliance 100, DC adjustment branch and disturbs
The dynamic branch that adjusts is connected to control device.
Wherein, electrochemical appliance 100 is connected to control device, and control device is used to control the work of electrochemical appliance 100
Condition.In general, the output voltage of electrochemical appliance 100 is DC voltage, output electric current is DC current.Electrochemical appliance
100 may include one or more monolithics, and above-mentioned monolithic is produced electricl energy by chemically reacting.Each monolithic include anode,
Cathode and the dielectric spacer being arranged between positive electrode and negative electrode.As shown in Fig. 2, each monolithic of electrochemical appliance 100
Can characteristic can be with equivalent circuit come equivalent, which includes nernst voltage ENernst, anode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,A, sun
Electrode resistance Rf,A, cathode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,CA, cathode resistor Rf,CAAnd proton exchange film resistance RΩ.Wherein, anode electric double layer
Capacitor Cdl,AWith anode resistance Rf,AParallel connection forms anode RC circuit, cathode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,CAWith cathode resistor Rf,CAIt is in parallel
Form cathode RC circuit, nernst voltage ENernst, anode RC circuit, proton exchange film resistance RΩAnd the series connection of cathode RC circuit is set
It sets.
Fig. 3 is the corresponding AC impedance spectroscopy of equivalent circuit of each monolithic of electrochemical appliance 100, wherein horizontal axis Zre
Indicate impedance real part, longitudinal axis ZimIndicate imaginary impedance: where
ZFC(0)=RΩ+Rf,A+Rf,CA=Rinternal (3)
Wherein, ZFC(ω) indicates the AC impedance of the monolithic of the electrochemical appliance 100, and ω indicates the frequency of exchange current perturbation
Rate, j indicate imaginary unit, RinternalWhat the monolithic output signal for indicating the electrochemical appliance 100 was shown when being direct current signal
Total internal resistance.
Therefore, according to Fig. 3 and above-mentioned formula (1)~(3) it is found that by being examined in the course of work of electrochemical appliance 100
The each impedance surveyed in above-mentioned equivalent circuit can determine whether the working environment state of each element in electrochemical appliance 100 (such as temperature
Degree, humidity etc.), to dynamically adjust above-mentioned working environment state, the effect of to improve electrochemical appliance 100.This implementation
In example, above-mentioned electrochemical appliance 100 can be low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery, lithium ion battery or ferric phosphate lithium cell etc.
Power battery, certainly, above-mentioned electrochemical appliance 100 can also be using super capacitors etc..
Control device includes controller 210 and the voltage polling device 220 connecting with controller 210, in the present embodiment, control
Device 210 processed is connected with voltage polling device 220 by bus, and electrochemical appliance 100, the first output loading 300, current disturbing
Device 410 and the second output loading 420 are connected to controller 210.Wherein, controller 210 is for controlling above-mentioned all parts
Operation.In the present embodiment, controller 210 can be determined according to the type of electrochemical appliance 100.For example, the controller
210 can be include hydrogen gas system, air system, cooling system, recovery system, temperature/humiditydetection detection system etc..In other realities
It applies in example, when electrochemical appliance 100 is Li-ion batteries piles, which can be lithium ion battery managing device.
Voltage polling device 220 is connected to electrochemical appliance 100, for monitoring each monolithic of electrochemical appliance 100
Output voltage.As shown in fig. 7, voltage polling device 220 includes monolithic gating module 221 and signal processing module 222, electrochemistry
The voltage measuring terminal of each monolithic of device 100 is connected to the monolithic gating module 221 of voltage polling device 220, controller
210 for selecting monolithic to be measured, and monolithic gating module 221 is used to be selected according to the control signal acquisition of controller 210 to be measured
The output voltage of monolithic.Signal processing module 222 is connected to controller 210, for having acquired a certain number of monolithics to be measured
After output voltage, the output voltage for the multiple monolithics to be measured that will acquire is sent to controller 210.Specifically, signal processing module
The output voltage of the 222 multiple monolithics to be measured that will test is sent to controller 210 by communication bus.Monolithic gating module
221 and signal processing module 222 can be made of electronic circuit.
In the present embodiment, the voltage sample rate of voltage polling device 220 is up to kilohertz, thus the present embodiment
Ac impedance measurement system can measure the voltage signal in wider range frequency range, so as to improve alternating-current measurement resistance
The versatility of anti-test macro.
In other embodiments, controller 210 can control voltage polling device 220 while acquire the output of multiple monolithics
Voltage.For example, monolithic gating module can be according to the one or more monolithics to be measured of control signal gating of controller 210, voltage
Inspection device 220, which can be realized, synchronizes sampling to the output voltage of each monolithic to be measured, in this way raising electrochemical appliance 100
Ac impedance measurement efficiency.
DC adjustment branch includes the first output loading 300 and the second current detection means 310, the first output loading 300
Input terminal be connected to electrochemical appliance 100, the output end of the first output loading 300 is connect with control device signal, specifically,
The output end of first output loading 300 is connect with 210 signal of controller, and controller 210 is used to monitor the work of the first output loading
Make state, and electrochemical appliance 100 can be made to export DC current by adjusting the first output loading 300.In the present embodiment,
First output loading 300 can be electronic load or motor.When current disturbing device 410 is closed, controller 210
Made by control the first output loading 300 starting so that electrochemical appliance 100 and the first output loading 300 are formed into a loop
Obtaining current disturbing device 410 can work normally.The test of various operating conditions can be carried out to electrochemical appliance 100 at this time, and control
Voltage polling device 220 processed is monitored the output voltage of each monolithic of electrochemical appliance 100.
The input terminal of the first output loading 300 is arranged in second current detection means 310, for detecting the first output loading
300 input current, the second current detection means 310 are connected to controller 210, and the first output loading 300 that will test
Input current be sent to controller 210.Wherein, the second current detection means 310 can be current sensor or Current Mutual Inductance
Device.
Disturbance adjusting branch and DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection are arranged, and disturbance adjusting branch is used to generate current perturbation, including
Current disturbing device 410 and the second output loading 420, the input terminal of current disturbing device 410 are connected to electrochemical appliance 100,
The output end of current disturbing device 410 connects the second output loading 420, and current disturbing device 410 and the second output loading 420
It is connected to control device, specifically, current disturbing device 410 and the second output loading 420 are connected to controller 210.Control
Device 210 processed can control opening or closing for current disturbing device 410, and can opening by control current disturbing device 410
The time opened or closed adjusts the input current of current disturbing device 410 to default current perturbation, and can be handed over by adjusting
The perturbation amplitude and forcing frequency of flow disturbance electric current are to adjust default forcing frequency, to realize to current disturbing device 410
The adjusting of input current, so that the output electric current in electrochemical appliance 100 includes an exchange current perturbation, to realize to electrification
Learn the ac impedance measurement of device 100.At this point, can also be generated on the output voltage of electrochemical appliance 100 accordingly with exchange disturbance
The voltage corresponding signal of electric current, wherein the input current and phase of current disturbing device 410 under unifrequency ac impedance measurement mode
Answer the relationship of voltage signal as shown in Figure 8.
Meanwhile controller 210 is also used to adjust the output voltage or resistance value of the second output loading 420, so that second is defeated
Load 420 is adapted with the output of current disturbing device 410 out, further to control the input current of current disturbing device 410.
By the first output loading 300 and the second output loading 420 of relatively independent setting, to further improve the test macro
Performance.When current disturbing device 410 is opened, the input current of disturbance adjusting branch is that exchange current perturbation and direct current disturb
The sum of electric current, for details, reference can be made to discussed below.
Wherein, current disturbing device 410 can be depressured DC/DC transformation for Boost step-up DC/DC converter, Buck type
Device or DC/AC converter.Controller 210 can control electric current by controlling the on or off of switching device in above-mentioned converter
Disturbance device 410 opens or closes.Second output loading 420 can be resistive load, or electronic load.
Further, the input terminal of first voltage detection device 500 is connected to the output end of electrochemical appliance 100, and first
The output end of voltage check device 500 is connected to the common end of voltage polling device 220 and controller 210, as shown in figure 4, the
The output end of one voltage check device 500 is connected on the connecting line between voltage polling device 220 and controller 210, thus
Controller 210 and voltage polling device 220 can obtain the output electricity of monolithic to be measured by first voltage detection device 500
Pressure, simplifies circuit structure, easy to use.First voltage detection device 500 can be voltage sensor.
The output end for being connected to electrochemical appliance 100 of first current detection means 600, and the first current detection means
600 are connected to the control device, specifically, the first current detection means 600 is connected to voltage polling device 220 and controller
210 common end, as shown in figure 4, the output end of the first current detection means 600 is connected to voltage polling device 220 and control
On connecting line between device 210.First current detection means 600 can be current sensor or current transformer, for detecting
The output electric current of each monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance 100, and the output electric current transmission for the electrochemical appliance 100 that will test
To control device.
Controller 210 is also used to after current disturbing device 410 is opened, according to each list to be measured of electrochemical appliance 100
The output electric current and output voltage of piece calculate AC impedance corresponding with the current exchange forcing frequency of current perturbation.Wherein, electric
The output electric current of chemical devices 100 can be obtained by the first current detection means 600, the output voltage of electrochemical appliance 100
It can be obtained by first voltage detection device 500.
Further, the forcing frequency and disturbance amplitude for exchanging current perturbation be can control value, controller 210 can adjust
It exchanges the forcing frequency of current perturbation and determines the corresponding disturbance amplitude of the forcing frequency, thus according to forcing frequency and disturbance width
Value determines preset exchange current perturbation.Controller 210 is also used to change the disturbance amplitude and forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation,
Exchange current perturbation is updated, according to the output electric current and output electricity of the corresponding electrochemical appliance 100 of exchange current perturbation of update
Source calculates AC impedance corresponding with updated forcing frequency, to obtain the ac impedance spectroscopy of electrochemical appliance 100.It is logical in this way
The forcing frequency for changing exchange current perturbation is crossed, and measures AC impedance of the electrochemical appliance 100 at different forcing frequencies
The spectrogram of AC impedance can be drawn out.Foregoing circuit structure is simple, versatile, reduces ac impedance measurement system
Cost.
In one embodiment, disturbance adjusting branch further includes third current detection means 430, the 4th current detection means
440 and second voltage detection device 430.Wherein, the input of current disturbing device 410 is arranged in third current detection means 430
End, the input current for real-time detection current disturbing device 410.Third current detection means 430 is connected to controller 210,
Controller 210 can adjust the input of current disturbing device 410 according to the current signal that third current detection means 430 detects
Electric current, specifically, controller 210 can adjust current disturbing according to the current signal that third current detection means 430 detects
The time that device 410 is switched on or off, so that the input current of current disturbing device 410 reaches default current perturbation.Work as electricity
When flow disturbance device 410 is opened, the input current of current disturbing device 410 includes exchanging current perturbation and direct current current perturbation,
I.e.
Wherein, I indicates the input current of current disturbing device 410, I1Indicate direct current current perturbation, I2Indicate exchange disturbance
Electric current, A indicate the disturbance amplitude of exchange current perturbation, and f indicates the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation,Indicate exchange disturbance electricity
The starting phase angle of stream, t indicate the time.
The forcing frequency for exchanging current perturbation can be unifrequency, or multi-frequency.When disturbing for exchange current perturbation
When dynamic frequency is multi-frequency, current perturbation I is exchanged2Calculation it is as follows:
Wherein, A1WithRespectively forcing frequency f1Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase, A2WithRespectively disturb
Frequency f2Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase, A1WithRespectively forcing frequency f1Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase,
ANWithRespectively forcing frequency fNCorresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase.In the present embodiment, current perturbation I is exchanged2It is in office
Disturbance amplitude and forcing frequency at meaning frequency can be set by controller 210, it can real by controller 210
The now on-line control of the disturbance amplitude to exchange current perturbation and forcing frequency, depends primarily on answering for current disturbing device 410
The requirement of object.Therefore, when exchanging current perturbation is multi-frequency, controller 210 determines each forcing frequency pair first
The amplitude and initial phase answered calculate according to above-mentioned formula later and obtain exchange current perturbation I2。
Further, when current disturbing device 410 is using DC/DC converter or DC/AC converter, exchange disturbance electricity
The amplitude of stream is less than the amplitude of direct current current perturbation, guarantees that the input current of current disturbing device 410 is greater than 0, to guarantee electric current
Disturbance device 410 can work normally.When exchanging current perturbation is multi-frequency, width of the current perturbation at each frequency is exchanged
Value should be less than the amplitude of direct current current perturbation, i.e. the maximum amplitude of exchange current perturbation should be less than the width of direct current current perturbation
Value, to guarantee that the current disturbing device 410 can work normally.
Second voltage detection device 430 and the 4th current detection means 440 are placed in the output of current disturbing device 410
End, specifically, second voltage detection device 430 and the 4th current detection means 440 are placed in current disturbing device 410 and second
Between output loading 420, and second voltage detection device 430 and the 4th current detection means 440 are connected to controller 210.
Second voltage detection device 430 is used to detect output voltage (the i.e. input of the second output loading 420 of current disturbing device 410
Voltage), and the output voltage for the current disturbing device 410 that will test is sent to controller 210.4th current detection means
440 for detecting the output electric current (i.e. the input voltage of the second output loading 420) of current disturbing device 410, and will test
The output electric current of current disturbing device 410 be sent to controller 210.In the present embodiment, second voltage detection device 430 can be with
For voltage sensor, third current detection means 430 and the 4th current detection means 440 can be mutual for current sensor or electric current
Sensor etc..
Controller 210 is according to the output electric current and output voltage of current disturbing device 410 to the defeated of current disturbing device 410
Characteristic is adjusted out, the main output voltage for adjusting current disturbing device 410.Then, controller 210 can be by adjusting the
The voltage range or resistance value of two output loadings 420, so that the output phase of the second output loading 420 and current disturbing device 410
Matching.It is thus possible to according to third current detection means 430, the 4th current detection means 440 and second voltage detection device
430 detected value realizes the control to the input current of current disturbing device 410.
In one embodiment, current disturbing device 410 includes switching device, and controller 210 is used for control switch device
On or off, to control opening or closing for current disturbing device 410, and can by the conducting of control switch device or
The time of cut-off, so that the input current of current disturbing device 410 reaches default current perturbation.
As shown in figure 5, current disturbing device 410 is Boost step-up DC/DC converter, including inductance L1, diode
D1, switching device G1 and capacitor C1, wherein switching device G1 can manage (Insulated Gate Bipolar for IGBT
Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), metal-oxide-semiconductor (metal-oxide semiconductor, field effect transistor)
Or BJT pipe (Bipolar Junction Transistor, bipolar junction transistor) etc..One end of inductance L1 is connected to defeated
Enter the anode of power supply, the other end of inductance L1 is connected to the anode of diode D1, and the cathode of diode D1 is connected to out-put supply
Anode, input power and out-put supply are total to cathode.The collector of switching device is connected between inductance L1 and diode D1
Common end, the emitter of switching device G1 are connected to the cathode of input power, and the gate pole of switching device G1 is connected to controller
210, the on and off of 210 control switch device G1 of controller.Capacitor C1 is connected between the anode of out-put supply and cathode,
That is one end of capacitor C1 is connected to the cathode of diode D1, the cathode of the other end connection out-put supply of capacitor C1.
When switching device G1 conducting, the electric current that input power generates flows through inductance L1, according to the physical characteristic of inductance, stream
Electric current through inductance L1 is linearly increasing, and electric energy is stored in inductance L1, and inductance L1 and switching device G1 form conducting circuit, at this time
The anode of diode D1 is connected between the cathode of input power and the anode of out-put supply, and diode D1 reversely ends.When opening
When closing device G1 becomes shutdown from being connected, according to the physical characteristic of inductance, the electric current for flowing through inductance L1 cannot generate mutation, thus
Electromotive force is generated, the direction of electromotive force and the direction of input power are identical, and the electric energy being stored in inductance L1 constantly discharges, and pass through
Diode D1 to capacitor C1 charge and to the second output loading 420 provide energy, at this time inductance L1, diode D1, capacitor C1 and
Second output loading 420 forming circuit.When periodic control switch device G1 is connected with turning off, energy can be realized from defeated
Enter power supply to transmit to out-put supply.Controller 210 can by control switch device G1 different moments on or off shape
State generates exchange disturbing signal.
As shown in fig. 6, current disturbing device 410 can also use Buck voltage-dropping type DC/DC converter, including switching device
G2, inductance L2, diode D2 and capacitor C2, wherein switching device G2 can manage (Insulated Gate Bipolar for IGBT
Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), metal-oxide-semiconductor (metal-oxide semiconductor, field effect transistor)
Or BJT pipe (Bipolar Junction Transistor, bipolar junction transistor) etc..The gate pole of switching device G2 connects
To controller 210, the collector of switching device G2 is connected to the anode of input power, the emitter series inductance of switching device G2
The anode of out-put supply is connected to after L2, out-put supply and input power are total to cathode.The anode of diode D2 is connected to output electricity
The cathode in source, the cathode of diode D2 are connected to the corresponding common end between the emitter of switching device G2 and inductance L2.Capacitor
C2 is connected between the anode of out-put supply and cathode, i.e. one end of capacitor C2 is connected to inductance L1, and the other end of capacitor C2 connects
It is connected to the anode of diode D2.
When 210 control switch device G2 of controller conducting, the cathode of diode D2 is connected to the anode of input power, and two
The anode of pole pipe D2 is connected to the cathode of input power, diode D2 cut-off.Input power passes through switching device G2 to inductance L2
Charging.When 210 control switch device G2 of controller is closed, inductance L2 charges to capacitor C2, to realize input power to defeated
The transmitting of power supply out.
The working principle of the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance 100 in the present embodiment is as follows:
1) non-alternating testing impedance mode:
When controller 210 determines without ac resistance analysis, controller 210 controls current disturbing device 410 and closes.
At this point, controller 210 adjusts the operating condition of electrochemical appliance 100 first, so that electrochemical appliance 100 establishes open-circuit voltage,
Then the first output loading 300 starting is controlled, so that the electrochemical appliance 100 starts to work normally, electrochemical appliance 100
Output voltage and output electric current be direct current signal.Simultaneously by voltage polling device 220 to each of electrochemical appliance 100
The voltage of monolithic is monitored, by supervising to output electric current of first current detection means 600 to electrochemical appliance 100
It surveys, so as to realize that the various operating conditions to electrochemical appliance 100 are tested.
2) ac impedance measurement mode
When controller 210 determines to carry out ac resistance analysis, controller 210 controls current disturbing device 410 and second
Output loading 420 starts.Controller 210 adjusts the second output loading 420 and arrives suitable voltage range or resistance value, controller
The 210 exchange current perturbation and direct current current perturbation by adjusting current perturbation specifically, is controlled with obtaining default current perturbation
The forcing frequency of the selected exchange current perturbation of device 210, and determine the corresponding disturbance amplitude of the forcing frequency, obtain default disturbance electricity
Stream, and the input current of current disturbing device 410 is adjusted to default current perturbation, wherein the input of current disturbing device 410
Electric current is equal to exchange the sum of current perturbation and direct current current perturbation, by adjusting the output of the second output loading 420, so that exchange
The amplitude of current perturbation is consistently less than the amplitude of direct current current perturbation.
In this way, the output electric current of electrochemical appliance 100 contains an exchange current perturbation, and electrochemical appliance 100
Output voltage can also generate accordingly with the voltage responsive signal that exchanges current perturbation.At this point, passing through first voltage detection device 500
The output voltage of the selected monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance 100 is detected, and passes through the synchronous detection of the first current detection means 600
The output electric current of monolithic to be measured.After the output voltage and output electric current for having acquired a certain number of monolithics to be measured, monolithic inspection
Above-mentioned output voltage and output electric current are sent to controller 210 by device.
The output voltage of collected multiple monolithics to be measured and output electric current are carried out signal processing by controller 210, are calculated
AC impedance at the currently forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation.Later, controller 210 changes the disturbance of exchange current perturbation
Frequency and disturbance amplitude obtain the exchange current perturbation of update, and calculate the exchange current perturbation in update according to aforesaid way
Forcing frequency at AC impedance.By the corresponding AC impedance of multiple and different forcing frequencies, AC impedance can be drawn
Spectrogram.Later, controller 210 controls current disturbing device 410 and closes.
In addition, as shown in figure 9, one embodiment of the invention additionally provides a kind of ac impedance measurement side of electrochemical appliance
Method includes the following steps: for the ac impedance measurement system of above-mentioned electrochemical appliance
S100, control the first output loading starting, work normally electrochemical appliance；In the present embodiment, tune can be passed through
The first output loading is saved, electrochemical appliance is made to export DC current.
S200, ac impedance measurement is judged whether to；Wherein, controller can be according to whether receive test triggering letter
Number ac impedance measurement is judged whether to, controller can also determine whether according to the current operating conditions of AC impedance system
Carry out ac impedance measurement, such as when the operating condition of the ac impedance measurement system reaches preset operating condition, controller
It controls the test macro and carries out ac impedance measurement；Otherwise, then without ac impedance measurement.
When determining to need to carry out ac impedance measurement, i.e., ac impedance measurement mode is in the ac impedance measurement system
When, then execute following steps:
S300, control current disturbing device and the second output loading starting；I.e. when needing to carry out ac impedance measurement, disturb
The dynamic branch that adjusts is connected to the output end of electrochemical appliance, so as to be superimposed current perturbation in the output end of electrochemical appliance,
To realize ac impedance measurement.After current disturbing device and the second output loading starting, AC impedance is carried out in accordance with the following steps
Test:
S400, the voltage range or resistance value for adjusting the second output loading；Make second by adjusting the second output loading
The voltage range or resistance value of output loading are adapted with the output of current disturbing device.In the present embodiment, setting can be passed through
The detected value of second voltage detection device and the 4th current detection means between the second output loading and current disturbing device
Realize the control to the output voltage of current disturbing device.
S500, the input current of current disturbing device is adjusted to default current perturbation；Specifically, when current disturbing device
Input current not up to default current perturbation when, controller can regulate and control the conducting of switching device in current disturbing device or cut
Time only, so that the input current of current disturbing device reaches default current perturbation.
Wherein, default current perturbation can be obtained by way of on-line control, specific as follows:
Obtain the forcing frequency that current perturbation is exchanged in current perturbation and disturbance amplitude；Wherein, controller determines hand over first
The forcing frequency of flow disturbance electric current, then, controller determine the corresponding disturbance amplitude of above-mentioned forcing frequency, to obtain current hand over
Flow disturbance electric current.When forcing frequency is multi-frequency, it is first determined each forcing frequency and its corresponding disturbance amplitude, Zhi Houzai
It is superimposed to form default current perturbation according to each sub- current perturbation.
Obtain the amplitude of direct current current perturbation in current perturbation；Direct current current perturbation i.e. in current perturbation can by
Line setting.
Default disturbance electricity is obtained according to the amplitude of the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation, disturbance amplitude and direct current current perturbation
Stream.Wherein,
Wherein, I indicates default current perturbation, I1Indicate direct current current perturbation, I2Indicate that exchange current perturbation, A indicate exchange
The disturbance amplitude of current perturbation, f indicate the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation,Indicate the starting phase angle of exchange current perturbation,
T indicates the time.
S600, obtain electrochemical appliance monolithic to be measured output electric current and output voltage；In the present embodiment, it can pass through
First voltage detection device and voltage polling device obtain the output voltage of monolithic to be measured, synchronous by the first current detection means
Obtain the output electric current of monolithic to be measured.
S700, according to the output electric current and output voltage of monolithic to be measured calculate it is corresponding with the forcing frequency of default current perturbation
AC impedance；
S800, the forcing frequency for changing default current perturbation, obtain the default current perturbation of update；Wherein, exchange disturbance
The disturbance amplitude and forcing frequency of electric current are that controllably, can carry out on-line control by controller.
S900, exchange corresponding with updated forcing frequency is calculated according to the output electric current and output voltage of monolithic to be measured
Impedance；I.e. after step S800, return step S500 repeats step S500 to step S800, until acquisition is multiple not
Same forcing frequency and its corresponding AC impedance.Its specific implementation see above in description.
S1000, according to multiple and different forcing frequency and its corresponding AC impedance, obtain the friendship of the electrochemical appliance
Flow impedance map.In this way by changing the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation, and electrochemical appliance is measured in different forcing frequencies
The AC impedance at place can draw out the spectrogram of AC impedance.Foregoing circuit structure is simple, versatile, reduces exchange
The cost of impedance test system.
In one embodiment, method further includes following steps:
When controller judgement does not need to carry out ac impedance measurement, i.e. ac impedance measurement system work is hindered in non-alternating
When anti-test pattern, S1001 is thened follow the steps, control current disturbing device is closed, and is controlled the first output loading and be in unlatching
State, while the output power of the first output loading is controlled so that the electrochemical appliance works normally.Specifically, when electric current is disturbed
When dynamic device is closed, controller is by control the first output loading starting, so that electrochemical appliance and the first output loading
Forming circuit, enables current disturbing device to work normally.So as to carry out the test of various operating conditions to electrochemical appliance,
And it controls voltage polling device and the output voltage of each monolithic of electrochemical appliance is monitored.
Wherein, the work of the ac impedance measurement method of the present embodiment and the ac impedance measurement system in above-described embodiment
Principle is consistent, and specific implementation procedure can be found in described above.
The ac impedance measurement system and method for electrochemical appliance of the invention is made described by the first output loading adjusting
Electrochemical appliance works normally, and when current disturbing device is opened, adjusts electricity by the second output loading and current disturbing device
The input current of flow disturbance device, so that the output electric current of electrochemical appliance has been superimposed an exchange on the basis of DC current
Current perturbation, so as to realize electrochemical appliance AC impedance detection, and foregoing circuit structure is simple, versatile,
Reduce the cost of ac impedance measurement system.Also, it is negative by the first output loading of relatively independent setting and the second output
It carries, to further improve the performance of the test macro.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that realizing all or part of the process in above-described embodiment method, being can be with
Relevant hardware is instructed to complete by computer program, the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium
In, the program is when being executed, it may include such as the process of the embodiment of above-mentioned each method.Wherein, the storage medium can be magnetic
Dish, CD, read-only memory (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random access memory (Random Access
Memory, RAM) etc..
The embodiments described above only express several embodiments of the present invention, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but simultaneously
Limitations on the scope of the patent of the present invention therefore cannot be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, various modifications and improvements can be made, these belong to guarantor of the invention
Protect range.Therefore, the scope of protection of the patent of the invention shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (12)
1. a kind of ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance, which is characterized in that including electrochemical appliance, control device, straight
Stream adjusts branch and the disturbance adjusting branch with the DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection, and the electrochemical appliance connects the control
Device；
The DC adjustment branch includes the first output loading, and the input terminal of first output loading is connected to the electrochemistry
Device, the output end of first output loading are connect with the control device signal, and the control device is described for monitoring
The working condition of first output loading；
The disturbance adjusting branch includes the current disturbing device and the second output loading for generating current perturbation, the electric current
The input terminal of disturbance device is connected to the electrochemical appliance, the output end connection of the current disturbing device second output
Load, and the current disturbing device and second output loading are connected to the control device；
The control device is used for after controlling the current disturbing device and opening, by the input current of the current disturbing device
It adjusts to default current perturbation, and according to the output electric current of the monolithic to be measured of the electrochemical appliance and output voltage calculating and institute
State the corresponding AC impedance of forcing frequency of default current perturbation.
2. the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the control device
The voltage polling device of the output voltage of each monolithic to be measured including controller and for monitoring the electrochemical appliance；
The voltage measuring terminal of each monolithic of the electrochemical appliance is connected to the voltage polling device, the voltage polling
Device connects the controller, and the controller is for selecting monolithic to be measured, and it is selected to control the voltage polling device acquisition
The monolithic to be measured output voltage.
3. the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the voltage polling
Device includes the monolithic gating module and signal processing module connecting with each monolithic of the electrochemical appliance；
Output voltage of the monolithic gating module for the monolithic to be measured according to the control signal acquisition of the controller；Institute
It states signal processing module to connect with the controller, for the output voltage of the monolithic to be measured to be sent to the controller.
4. the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance according to claim 2, which is characterized in that further include the first electricity
Pressure detection device and the first current detection means that electric current is exported for detecting the electrochemical appliance；
The input terminal of the first voltage detection device is connected to the output end of the electrochemical appliance, the first voltage detection
The output end of device is connected to the common end of the voltage polling device and the controller；The first current detection means string
The output end of the electrochemical appliance is arranged in connection, and first current detection means is connected to the voltage polling device and institute
State the common end of controller.
5. the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the DC adjustment
Branch further includes the second current detection means for detecting the input current of first output loading, the second electric current inspection
It surveys device and is connected to the controller.
6. the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance according to claim 2, which is characterized in that the disturbance adjusting
Branch further includes the third current detection means for detecting the input current of the current disturbing device, the third electric current inspection
It surveys device and is connected to the controller, the controller is also used to according to the detecting of the third current detection means
The input current of current disturbing device adjusts the time that the current disturbing device is switched on or off, and fills the current disturbing
The input current set reaches the default current perturbation.
7. the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the current disturbing
The input current of device includes exchange current perturbation and direct current current perturbation, and the amplitude of the exchange current perturbation is less than described straight
The amplitude of flow disturbance electric current；
The control device is also used to adjust the forcing frequency for exchanging current perturbation, disturbance amplitude and the direct current current perturbation
Amplitude, to obtain the default current perturbation.
8. the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance according to claim 6, which is characterized in that the disturbance adjusting
Branch further includes second voltage detection device for detecting the output voltage of the current disturbing device and described for detecting
4th current detection means of the output electric current of current disturbing device；
The second voltage detection device and the 4th current detection means are connected to the controller, and the controller is used
In the voltage range of the second output loading according to the output voltage of the current disturbing device and the output current regulation
Or resistance value.
9. the ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the current disturbing
Device is Boost step-up DC/DC converter, Buck type decompression DC/DC converter or DC/AC converter.
10. a kind of ac impedance measurement method of electrochemical appliance, which is characterized in that be used for electrochemistry described in claim 1
The ac impedance measurement system of device, described method includes following steps:
The first output loading starting is controlled, electrochemical appliance works normally；
Judge whether to ac impedance measurement；
When determining to carry out ac impedance measurement, following steps are executed:
Control current disturbing device and the second output loading starting；
Adjust the voltage range or resistance value of second output loading；
The input current of the current disturbing device is adjusted to default current perturbation；
Obtain the output electric current and output voltage of the monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance；
It is calculated according to the output electric current and output voltage of the monolithic to be measured corresponding with the forcing frequency of the default current perturbation
AC impedance；
The forcing frequency for changing the default current perturbation obtains the default current perturbation of update；
AC impedance corresponding with updated forcing frequency is calculated according to the output electric current of the monolithic to be measured and output voltage；
According to multiple and different forcing frequency and its corresponding AC impedance, the AC impedance figure of the electrochemical appliance is obtained
Spectrum.
11. the ac impedance measurement method of electrochemical appliance according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the method is also
Include:
Obtain the forcing frequency that current perturbation is exchanged in current perturbation and disturbance amplitude；
Obtain the amplitude of direct current current perturbation in current perturbation；
Default disturb is obtained according to the amplitude of the forcing frequency of the exchange current perturbation, disturbance amplitude and the direct current current perturbation
Streaming current；
The input current of the current disturbing device is adjusted to by the time opened or closed for adjusting the current disturbing device
The default current perturbation.
12. ac impedance measurement method according to claim 10, which is characterized in that the method also includes walking as follows
It is rapid:
When determining without ac impedance measurement, it is in the open state to control first output loading, and control the electricity
Flow disturbance device is closed.
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