CN106324355A - AC impedance test system and method for electrochemical device - Google Patents
AC impedance test system and method for electrochemical device Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an AC impedance test system for an electrochemical device, comprising an electrochemical device, a control device, a DC adjustment branch, and a disturbance adjustment branch connected in parallel with the DC adjustment branch. The electrochemical device is connected with the control device. The DC adjustment branch includes a first output load. The disturbance adjustment branch includes a current disturbance device used for producing disturbance current and a second output load. The control device is used for, after making the current disturbance device opened, adjusting the input current of the current disturbance device to a preset disturbance current, and calculating an AC impedance corresponding to the disturbance frequency of the preset disturbance current according to the output current and output voltage of a to-be-tested single chip of the electrochemical device. The invention further provides an AC impedance test method for an electrochemical device. According to the AC impedance test system and the AC impedance test method for an electrochemical device, the circuit structure is simple, the commonality is strong, and the performance of the test system is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to electrochemical appliance technical field, particularly relate to the ac impedance measurement system of a kind of electrochemical appliance
System and method.
Background technology
Hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell (Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cell is called for short PEMFC)
Being a kind of electrochemical appliance, chemical energy is directly converted to electric energy, the conversion of traditional combustion engine energy is limited by Carnot cycle, and
The conversion of hydrogen-oxygen proton exchange membrane fuel cell energy is not limited by Carnot cycle, and its energy conversion efficiency is higher in theory.Due to
The material participating in reaction is hydrogen and air, and product is water, does not produce noxious emission, therefore suffers from the green grass or young crops of people
Look at, be gradually applied to the fields such as stand-by station, transportation and portable power source.
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells output characteristics is direct current, and its monolithic output voltage is less than 1V, is typically 0.7V, in order to
Higher voltage can be provided, need to be cascaded a lot of fuel cell monolithics, form fuel cell pile, its output work
Rate improves accordingly.Fuel cell monolithic is by anode gas diffusion layer (Gas Diffusion Layer is called for short GDL), membrane electrode assembly
Part (Membrane Electrode Assemblies is called for short MEA) and cathode gas diffusion layer composition.
Fuel cell pile is the core component of fuel cell generation, is with many accessory system auxiliary outside pile
Fuel cell pile is operated, including air system, hydrogen gas system, cooling system, power regulating system, humidification system and control
System processed etc..Air system is responsible for the oxidant i.e. air that pile provides appropriate, needs to enter pile according to regulating working conditions
The temperature of air, pressure and flow；Hydrogen gas system is responsible for pile supply hydrogen, needs to enter the hydrogen of pile according to regulating working conditions
Atmospheric pressure and flow；Cooling system then makes stack temperature keep proper level by the way of coolant circulates, it is ensured that pile is steady
Determine reliability service；Power regulating system then makes fuel electricity by the way of regulation fuel cell pile output voltage or output electric current
Cell system output characteristics can meet loading demand；Humidification system is responsible for the humidity that regulation enters the air of pile, overdrying or overly moist
PEM and pile there is adverse influence, it is therefore desirable to the air entering pile is carried out humid control；Control system
System is whole fuel cell generation " brain ", especially the subsystems that pile is peripheral is optimized control so that
Pile is in optimum Working, it is ensured that pile long time stability runs.
Fig. 1 is a kind of typical fuel cell system, and surrounding air enters radiator, by dispelling the heat after compressing via air compressor machine
Enter humidifier after device cooling to be humidified, after humidification, enter pile, electrochemical reaction occurs, the oxygen meeting of cathode side and from
The hydrion generation chemical reaction of anode, produces water (gaseous state or liquid) while output electric energy, and major part is by negative electrode
Air side flows out, and therefore participates in oxygen content in reacted cathode air and declines, and water content (humidity) increases, and exports at pile
After the condensed device of air reclaims moisture, entered in environment by flow control valve 2.Wherein air system can pass through air compressor machine,
The coordination of flow control valve 1 and 2 controls to enter air mass flow and the air pressure of pile, it is possible to adjusted by radiator
Intake air temperature, controls ambient humidity by humidifier.
Operation principle according to PEMFC and performance characteristics, water (gaseous state or the liquid generated due to pile internal-response
State) need to take out of through cathode reaction passage, if the aqueous water generated is got rid of not in time, the water of generation can hinder runner, i.e.
So-called water logging phenomenon, causes Performance data to decline, and affects the use of fuel cell.In order to improve drainability, need to improve
Flow or the flow velocity of air are to blow down aqueous water smoothly.When idling or Smaller load, owing to the water yield generated is less than normal, if one
Straight keep bigger air mass flow, the most easily runner and Surface modification of proton exchange membrane water all dried up, cause film overdrying and under performance
Fall；If being always maintained at less air mass flow, then the aqueous water that is not easy to blow away in runner and cause water logging.
In Fuel Cell Control System, based on existing sensor configuration, pass including anode and cathode inlet temperature and pressure
Sensor, anode and cathode outlet temperature and pressure transducer, negative electrode import and export humidity sensor, generally use lumped parameter model to combustion
Material battery pile inner workings is observed, but owing to fuel cell pile is in series by many monolithics, is supplied by pile
The restriction of gas system structure, each fuel cell monolithic admission pressure, temperature, humidity and air-intake component difference, monolithic
Supply state difference and temperature contrast cause monolithic voltage discordance occur, when and monolithic quantity unreasonable for system structure increase
Added-time, monolithic voltage discordance becomes apparent from.Due to can not the duty of real-time monitored fuel cell monolithic, especially can not
Timely and effective judge whether monolithic occurs that water logging or film do phenomenon, therefore by fuel cell air supply system and humidification system
Control realization regulation fuel battery inside duty is difficult to avoid that occur that local burnup's battery monomer occurs that water logging or film are dry existing
As, this is the most disadvantageous to fuel cell system performance boost.
But it is as the progress of science and technology, by constantly furtheing investigate, it has been found that the Performance Characteristics of fuel cell
Can study by the mode of equivalent circuit, have certain between the duty of fuel cell and equivalent circuit middle impedance unit
Corresponding relation.Relation between fuel cell equivalent circuit and fuel battery performance, and fuel cell equivalent circuit
Corresponding relation between resistance unit, electric capacity unit assembly status different from fuel cell pile, by obtaining fuel electricity in real time
Resistance unit and the change in impedance value of electric capacity unit in the equivalent circuit of pond, it is possible to Accurate Prediction fuel cell monolithic duty and combustion
Material battery pile overall work state.
For obtaining resistance and capacitance parameter in fuel cell equivalent circuit, need to carry out Study on AC impedance, existing market
On commercialization ac resistance analysis equipment, its price all more than 100,000 yuans, its operating voltage range and electric current model
Enclose and all cannot meet existing fuel cell and be widely applied requirement, particularly the monolithic quantity of fuel cell pack can from a piece of to
Up to a hundred changes and fuel cell monolithic area can the changes from several square centimeters to up to a hundred square centimeters.Although commercialization exchanges
The frequency measurement of impedance analysis equipment is in extensive range, but shows according to literature survey result, is carrying out fuel cell exchange resistance
During analysis resistant, its acceptable frequency band range is not the widest described by these instrument and equipments.
Summary of the invention
In view of the problem that cost is high and versatility is poor of above-mentioned commercialization ac resistance analysis equipment, the purpose of the present invention
Being to provide the ac impedance measurement system and method for a kind of electrochemical appliance, above-mentioned cost of testing system is low and versatility is high.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that
The ac impedance measurement system of a kind of electrochemical appliance, including electrochemical appliance, controls device, DC adjustment branch road
And with the disturbance adjusting branch road of described DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection, described electrochemical appliance connects described control device；
Described DC adjustment branch road includes that the first output loading, the input of described first output loading are connected to described electricity
Chemical devices, the outfan of described first output loading is connected with described control device signal, described in described control assembly monitor
The duty of the first output loading；
Described disturbance adjusting branch road includes the current disturbing device for producing current perturbation and the second output loading, described
The input of current disturbing device is connected to described electrochemical appliance, and the outfan of described current disturbing device connects described second
Output loading, and described current disturbing device and described second output loading be connected to described control device；
Described control device is for after controlling the unlatching of described current disturbing device, by the input of described current disturbing device
Electric current adjusts to default current perturbation, and the output electric current and output voltage according to the monolithic to be measured of described electrochemical appliance calculates
The AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency of described default current perturbation.
Wherein in an embodiment, described control device includes controller and for monitoring each of described electrochemical appliance
The voltage polling device of the output voltage of individual monolithic to be measured；
The voltage measurement end of each monolithic of described electrochemical appliance is connected to described voltage polling device, described voltage
Inspection device connects described controller, and described controller is used for selecting monolithic to be measured, and controls described voltage polling device collection
The output voltage of selected monolithic described to be measured.
Wherein in an embodiment, described voltage polling device includes that each monolithic with described electrochemical appliance is connected
Monolithic gating module and signal processing module；
Described monolithic gating module gathers the output electricity of described monolithic to be measured for the control signal according to described controller
Pressure；Described signal processing module is connected with described controller, for the output voltage of described monolithic to be measured is sent to described control
Device processed.
Wherein in an embodiment, also include the first voltage check device and for detecting the output of described electrochemical appliance
First current sensing means of electric current；
The input of described first voltage check device is connected to the outfan of described electrochemical appliance, described first voltage
The outfan of detection device is connected to described voltage polling device and the common port of described controller；Described first current detecting dress
Putting the outfan being arranged in series in described electrochemical appliance, described first current sensing means is connected to described voltage polling device
Common port with described controller.
Wherein in an embodiment, described DC adjustment branch road also includes for detecting the defeated of described first output loading
Entering the second current sensing means of electric current, described second current sensing means is connected to described controller.
Wherein in an embodiment, described disturbance adjusting branch road also includes for detecting the defeated of described current disturbing device
Entering the 3rd current sensing means of electric current, described 3rd current sensing means is connected to described controller, and described controller is also used
In the input current of the described current disturbing device detected according to described 3rd current sensing means, regulate described electric current and disturb
The time that dynamic device is switched on or off, the input current of described current disturbing device is made to reach described default current perturbation.
Wherein in an embodiment, the input current of described current disturbing device includes exchanging current perturbation and direct current is disturbed
Streaming current, the amplitude of described exchange current perturbation is less than the amplitude of described direct current current perturbation；
Described control device is additionally operable to the regulation exchange forcing frequency of current perturbation, disturbance amplitude and described direct current disturbance electricity
The amplitude of stream, to obtain described default current perturbation.
Wherein in an embodiment, described disturbance adjusting branch road also includes for detecting the defeated of described current disturbing device
Go out the second voltage check device of voltage and for detecting the 4th current detecting dress of the output electric current of described current disturbing device
Put；
Described second voltage check device and described 4th current sensing means are connected to described controller, described control
Device regulates the voltage of described second output loading for the output voltage according to described current disturbing device and described output electric current
Scope or resistance value.
Wherein in an embodiment, described current disturbing device is Boost step-up DC/DC changer, Buck type fall
Pressure DC/DC changer or DC/AC changer.
Present invention also offers a kind of ac impedance measurement method of electrochemical appliance, for above-mentioned electrochemical appliance
Ac impedance measurement system, described method comprises the steps:
Controlling the first output loading to start, electrochemical appliance normally works；
Judge whether to ac impedance measurement；When judging to carry out ac impedance measurement, then perform following steps:
Control current disturbing device and the second output loading starts；
Regulate voltage range or the resistance value of described second output loading；
The input current of described current disturbing device is adjusted to default current perturbation；
Obtain output electric current and the output voltage of the monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance；
Output electric current and output voltage according to described monolithic to be measured calculate the forcing frequency with described default current perturbation
Corresponding AC impedance；
Change the forcing frequency of described default current perturbation, it is thus achieved that the default current perturbation of renewal；
Output electric current and output voltage according to described monolithic to be measured calculate the exchange corresponding with the forcing frequency after renewal
Impedance；
According to multiple different forcing frequencies and the AC impedance of correspondence thereof, it is thus achieved that the AC impedance of described electrochemical appliance
Collection of illustrative plates.
Wherein in an embodiment, described method also includes:
Obtain forcing frequency and the disturbance amplitude exchanging current perturbation in current perturbation；
Obtain the amplitude of direct current current perturbation in current perturbation；
The amplitude of forcing frequency, disturbance amplitude and described direct current current perturbation according to described exchange current perturbation obtains pre-
If current perturbation；
Regulate the time being turned on and off of described current disturbing device, the input current of described current disturbing device is adjusted
Whole for described default current perturbation.
Wherein in an embodiment, described method also comprises the steps:
When judging not carry out ac impedance measurement, control described first output loading and be in opening, and control institute
State current disturbing device to close.
Beneficial effects of the present invention:
The ac impedance measurement system and method for the electrochemical appliance of the present invention, makes described by the first output loading regulation
Electrochemical appliance normally works, and when current disturbing device is opened, regulates electricity by the second output loading and current disturbing device
The input current of flow disturbance device so that the output electric current of electrochemical appliance is one exchange of superposition on the basis of DC current
Current perturbation, such that it is able to realize the detection of the AC impedance of electrochemical appliance, and foregoing circuit simple in construction, highly versatile,
Reduce the cost of ac impedance measurement system.Further, the first output loading and the second output by relatively independent setting are negative
Carry, thus further increase the performance of this test system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells of an embodiment；
Fig. 2 is the equivalent circuit diagram of electrochemical appliance；
Fig. 3 is the AC impedance spectrogram of electrochemical appliance；
Fig. 4 is the system diagram of the ac impedance measurement system of the electrochemical appliance of one embodiment of the invention；
Fig. 5 is the circuit structure diagram of current disturbing device one embodiment in Fig. 4；
Fig. 6 is the circuit structure diagram of another embodiment of current disturbing device in Fig. 4；
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of voltage polling device one embodiment in Fig. 4；
Fig. 8 is input current and the relevant voltage signal graph of current disturbing device under unifrequency ac impedance measurement pattern；
Fig. 9 is the flow chart of ac impedance measurement method one embodiment of the electrochemical appliance of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
In order to make technical scheme clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the friendship to the electrochemical appliance of the present invention
Flow impedance test system and method is described in further detail.Should be appreciated that specific embodiment described herein only in order to
Explanation is the present invention be not intended to limit the present invention.It should be noted that in the case of not conflicting, embodiment in the application and
Feature in embodiment can be mutually combined.
As shown in Figure 4, the ac impedance measurement system of the electrochemical appliance 100 of one embodiment of the invention, including electrochemistry
Device 100, control device, DC adjustment branch road and the disturbance adjusting branch road of DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection, the first voltage detecting dress
Put 500 and first current sensing means 600.Wherein, the first voltage check device 500 can be voltage sensor, the first electric current
Detection device 600 can be current sensor or current transformer etc..Electrochemical appliance 100, DC adjustment branch road and disturb
Dynamic regulation branch road is connected to control device.
Wherein, electrochemical appliance 100 is connected to control device, controls device for controlling the work of electrochemical appliance 100
Condition.General, the output voltage of electrochemical appliance 100 is DC voltage, and output electric current is DC current.Electrochemical appliance
100 can include that one or more monolithic, above-mentioned monolithic produce electric energy by chemical reaction.Each monolithic all include positive pole,
Negative pole and the dielectric spacer being arranged between positive pole and negative pole.As in figure 2 it is shown, each monolithic of electrochemical appliance 100
Can characteristic can come equivalent with equivalent circuit, this equivalent circuit includes nernst voltage ENernst, anode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,A, sun
Electrode resistance Rf,A, negative electrode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,CA, cathode resistor Rf,CAAnd proton exchange membrane resistance RΩ.Wherein, anode electric double layer
Electric capacity Cdl,AWith anode resistance Rf,AFormation anode RC circuit in parallel, negative electrode electric double layer capacitance Cdl,CAWith cathode resistor Rf,CAIn parallel
Form negative electrode RC circuit, nernst voltage ENernst, anode RC circuit, proton exchange membrane resistance RΩAnd negative electrode RC circuit connected in series sets
Put.
Fig. 3 is the AC impedance spectrogram that the equivalent circuit of each monolithic of electrochemical appliance 100 is corresponding, wherein, transverse axis Zre
Represent impedance real part, longitudinal axis ZimRepresent imaginary impedance: wherein,
ZFC(0)=RΩ+Rf,A+Rf,CA=Rinternal (3)
Wherein, ZFC(ω) representing the AC impedance of the monolithic of this electrochemical appliance 100, ω represents the frequency of exchange current perturbation
Rate, j represents imaginary unit, RinternalThe monolithic output signal representing this electrochemical appliance 100 is to show during direct current signal
Total internal resistance.
Therefore, understand according to Fig. 3 and above-mentioned formula (1)～(3), by examining in the work process of electrochemical appliance 100
Survey each impedance in above-mentioned equivalent circuit and i.e. can determine whether that the working environment state of each element in electrochemical appliance 100 is (such as temperature
Degree, humidity etc.), thus dynamically regulate above-mentioned working environment state, to improve effect of this electrochemical appliance 100.This enforcement
In example, above-mentioned electrochemical appliance 100 can be low-temperature protonic exchange film fuel battery, lithium ion battery or ferric phosphate lithium cell etc.
Electrokinetic cell, certainly, above-mentioned electrochemical appliance 100 can also use super capacitor etc..
Control device and include controller 210 and the voltage polling device 220 being connected with controller 210, in the present embodiment, control
Device 210 processed is connected by bus with voltage polling device 220, and electrochemical appliance the 100, first output loading 300, current disturbing
Device 410 and the second output loading 420 are connected to controller 210.Wherein, controller 210 is used for controlling above-mentioned all parts
Operation.In the present embodiment, controller 210 can be determined according to the type of electrochemical appliance 100.Such as, this controller
210 can be to include hydrogen gas system, air system, cooling system, recovery system, temperature/humiditydetection detection system etc..Real at other
Executing in example, when electrochemical appliance 100 is Li-ion batteries piles, this controller 210 can be lithium ion battery managing device.
Voltage polling device 220 is connected to electrochemical appliance 100, for monitoring each monolithic of electrochemical appliance 100
Output voltage.As it is shown in fig. 7, voltage polling device 220 includes monolithic gating module 221 and signal processing module 222, electrochemistry
The voltage measurement end of each monolithic of device 100 is connected to the monolithic gating module 221 of voltage polling device 220, controller
210 are used for selecting monolithic to be measured, and monolithic gating module 221 is for selected to be measured of the control signal collection according to controller 210
The output voltage of monolithic.Signal processing module 222 is connected to controller 210, for having gathered a number of monolithic to be measured
After output voltage, the output voltage of the monolithic multiple to be measured obtained is sent to controller 210.Specifically, signal processing module
The output voltage of the monolithic multiple to be measured detected is sent to controller 210 by communication bus by 222.Monolithic gating module
221 and signal processing module 222 can be made up of electronic circuit.
In the present embodiment, the voltage sample speed of voltage polling device 220 is up to kilohertz, thus the present embodiment
Ac impedance measurement system can measure the voltage signal in relative broad range frequency range, such that it is able to improve the resistance of this alternating-current measurement
The versatility of anti-test system.
In other embodiments, controller 210 can control voltage polling device 220 and gathers the output of multiple monolithic simultaneously
Voltage.Such as, monolithic gating module can gate one or more monolithics to be measured, voltage according to the control signal of controller 210
Inspection device 220 is capable of carrying out the output voltage of each monolithic to be measured synchronized sampling, so improves electrochemical appliance 100
Ac impedance measurement efficiency.
DC adjustment branch road includes the first output loading 300 and the second current sensing means 310, the first output loading 300
Input be connected to electrochemical appliance 100, the outfan of the first output loading 300 is connected with controlling device signal, specifically,
The outfan of the first output loading 300 is connected with controller 210 signal, and controller 210 is for the work of monitoring the first output loading
Make state, it is possible to make electrochemical appliance 100 export DC current by regulating the first output loading 300.In the present embodiment,
First output loading 300 can be electronic load, can also be motor.When current disturbing device 410 is closed, controller 210
Start by controlling the first output loading 300, so that electrochemical appliance 100 and the first output loading 300 form loop, make
Obtain current disturbing device 410 can normally work.Now electrochemical appliance 100 can be carried out the test of various operating mode, and control
The output voltage of each monolithic of electrochemical appliance 100 is monitored by voltage polling device 220 processed.
Second current sensing means 310 is arranged on the input of the first output loading 300, for detection the first output loading
The input current of 300, the second current sensing means 310 is connected to controller 210, and the first output loading 300 that will detect
Input current be sent to controller 210.Wherein, the second current sensing means 310 can be current sensor or Current Mutual Inductance
Device.
Disturbance adjusting branch road is arranged with DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection, and disturbance adjusting branch road is used for producing current perturbation, including
Current disturbing device 410 and the second output loading 420, the input of current disturbing device 410 is connected to electrochemical appliance 100,
The outfan of current disturbing device 410 connects the second output loading 420, and current disturbing device 410 and the second output loading 420
Being connected to control device, specifically, current disturbing device 410 and the second output loading 420 are connected to controller 210.Control
Device 210 processed can control being turned on and off of current disturbing device 410, it is possible to by controlling opening of current disturbing device 410
The time opened or close, the input current of current disturbing device 410 is adjusted to default current perturbation, it is possible to handed over by regulation
Perturbation amplitude and the forcing frequency of flow disturbance electric current preset forcing frequency with regulation, thus realize current disturbing device 410
The regulation of input current, thus comprise an exchange current perturbation at the output electric current of electrochemical appliance 100, to realize electrification
Learn the ac impedance measurement of device 100.Now, the output voltage of electrochemical appliance 100 also can produce accordingly with exchange disturbance
The voltage corresponding signal of electric current, wherein, the input current of current disturbing device 410 and phase under unifrequency ac impedance measurement pattern
Answer the relation of voltage signal as shown in Figure 8.
Meanwhile, controller 210 is additionally operable to regulate output voltage or the resistance value of the second output loading 420 so that second is defeated
Go out load 420 suitable with the output of current disturbing device 410, to control the input current of current disturbing device 410 further.
By the first output loading 300 and the second output loading 420 of relatively independent setting, thus further increase this test system
Performance.When current disturbing device 410 is opened, the input current of disturbance adjusting branch road is exchange current perturbation and direct current disturbance
Electric current sum, specifically can be found in discussed below.
Wherein, current disturbing device 410 can be Boost step-up DC/DC changer, Buck type blood pressure lowering DC/DC conversion
Device or DC/AC changer.Controller 210 can control electric current by the on or off controlling above-mentioned changer breaker in middle device
Being turned on and off of disturbance device 410.Second output loading 420 can be resistive load, it is also possible to for electronic load.
Further, the input of the first voltage check device 500 is connected to the outfan of electrochemical appliance 100, and first
The outfan of voltage check device 500 is connected to voltage polling device 220 and the common port of controller 210, as shown in Figure 4,
The outfan of one voltage check device 500 is connected on the connecting line between voltage polling device 220 and controller 210, thus
Controller 210 and voltage polling device 220 all can obtain the output electricity of monolithic to be measured by the first voltage check device 500
Pressure, simplifies circuit structure, easy to use.First voltage check device 500 can be voltage sensor.
The outfan being connected to electrochemical appliance 100 of the first current sensing means 600, and the first current sensing means
600 are connected to described control device, and concrete, the first current sensing means 600 is connected to voltage polling device 220 and controller
The common port of 210, as shown in Figure 4, the outfan of the first current sensing means 600 is connected to voltage polling device 220 and controls
On connecting line between device 210.First current sensing means 600 can be current sensor or current transformer, is used for detecting
The output electric current of each monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance 100, and the output electric current transmission of electrochemical appliance 100 that will detect
To controlling device.
Controller 210 is additionally operable to after current disturbing device 410 is opened, according to each list to be measured of electrochemical appliance 100
The output electric current of sheet and output voltage calculate the AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency of current exchange current perturbation.Wherein, electricity
The output electric current of chemical devices 100 can be obtained by the first current sensing means 600, the output voltage of electrochemical appliance 100
Can be obtained by the first voltage check device 500.
Further, the exchange forcing frequency of current perturbation and disturbance amplitude be can control value, controller 210 can regulate
Exchange the forcing frequency of current perturbation and determine the disturbance amplitude that this forcing frequency is corresponding, thus according to forcing frequency and disturbance width
Value determines default exchange current perturbation.Controller 210 is additionally operable to change disturbance amplitude and the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation,
Update exchange current perturbation, according to the output electric current exchanging electrochemical appliance 100 corresponding to current perturbation updated and output electricity
Source calculates the AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency after renewal, to obtain the ac impedance spectroscopy of electrochemical appliance 100.So logical
Cross the forcing frequency changing exchange current perturbation, and measure the electrochemical appliance 100 AC impedance at different forcing frequencies
The spectrogram of AC impedance can be drawn out.Foregoing circuit simple in construction, highly versatile, reduce ac impedance measurement system
Cost.
In one embodiment, disturbance adjusting branch road also includes the 3rd current sensing means the 430, the 4th current sensing means
440 and second voltage check device 430.Wherein, the 3rd current sensing means 430 is arranged on the input of current disturbing device 410
End, for the input current of detection current disturbing device 410 in real time.3rd current sensing means 430 is connected to controller 210,
The input of the current signal regulation current disturbing device 410 that controller 210 can detect according to the 3rd current sensing means 430
Electric current, specifically, the current signal regulation current disturbing that controller 210 can detect according to the 3rd current sensing means 430
The time that device 410 is switched on or off, so that the input current of current disturbing device 410 reaches to preset current perturbation.Work as electricity
When flow disturbance device 410 is opened, the input current of current disturbing device 410 includes exchanging current perturbation and direct current current perturbation,
I.e.
Wherein, I represents the input current of current disturbing device 410, I1Represent direct current current perturbation, I2Represent exchange disturbance
Electric current, A represents the disturbance amplitude of exchange current perturbation, and f represents the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation,Represent exchange disturbance electricity
The starting phase angle of stream, t express time.
The forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation can be unifrequency, it is also possible to for multi-frequency.When disturbing of exchange current perturbation
When dynamic frequency is multi-frequency, exchange current perturbation I2Calculation as follows:
Wherein, A1WithIt is respectively forcing frequency f1Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase, A2WithIt is respectively disturbance
Frequency f2Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase, A1WithIt is respectively forcing frequency f1Corresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase,
ANWithIt is respectively forcing frequency fNCorresponding disturbance amplitude and initial phase.In the present embodiment, exchange current perturbation I2In office
Disturbance amplitude and forcing frequency at meaning frequency all can be set by controller 210, i.e. can be real by controller 210
Now disturbance amplitude and the on-line control of forcing frequency to exchange current perturbation, depends primarily on answering of current disturbing device 410
The requirement of object.Therefore, when exchanging current perturbation and being multi-frequency, first controller 210 determines each forcing frequency pair
The amplitude answered and initial phase, afterwards, calculate according to above-mentioned formula and obtain exchange current perturbation I2。
Further, when current disturbing device 410 uses DC/DC changer or DC/AC changer, exchange disturbance electricity
The amplitude of stream is less than the amplitude of direct current current perturbation, it is ensured that the input current of current disturbing device 410 is more than 0, to ensure electric current
Disturbance device 410 can normally work.When exchanging current perturbation and being multi-frequency, exchange current perturbation width at each frequency
Value all should be less than the amplitude of direct current current perturbation, and the maximum amplitude i.e. exchanging current perturbation should be less than the width of direct current current perturbation
Value, to ensure that this current disturbing device 410 can normally work.
Second voltage check device 430 and the 4th current sensing means 440 are placed in the output of current disturbing device 410
End, specifically, the second voltage check device 430 and the 4th current sensing means 440 are placed in current disturbing device 410 and second
Between output loading 420, and the second voltage check device 430 and the 4th current sensing means 440 are connected to controller 210.
Second voltage check device 430 is for detecting the output voltage (input of the i.e. second output loading 420 of current disturbing device 410
Voltage), and the output voltage of the current disturbing device 410 detected is sent to controller 210.4th current sensing means
440 for detecting the output electric current (input voltage of the i.e. second output loading 420) of current disturbing device 410, and will detect
The output electric current of current disturbing device 410 be sent to controller 210.In the present embodiment, the second voltage check device 430 is permissible
For voltage sensor, the 3rd current sensing means 430 and the 4th current sensing means 440 can be current sensor or electric current mutual
Sensor etc..
Controller 210 is according to the output electric current of current disturbing device 410 and defeated to current disturbing device 410 of output voltage
Go out characteristic to be adjusted, the main output voltage regulating current disturbing device 410.Then, controller 210 can be by regulation the
The voltage range of two output loadings 420 or resistance value so that the output phase of the second output loading 420 and current disturbing device 410
Coupling.It is thus possible to according to the 3rd current sensing means the 430, the 4th current sensing means 440 and the second voltage check device
The detected value of 430 realizes the control of the input current to current disturbing device 410.
In one embodiment, current disturbing device 410 includes that switching device, controller 210 are used for controlling switching device
On or off, to control being turned on and off of current disturbing device 410, it is possible to by control switching device conducting or
The time of cut-off so that the input current of current disturbing device 410 reaches to preset current perturbation.
As it is shown in figure 5, current disturbing device 410 is Boost step-up DC/DC changer, including inductance L1, diode
D1, switching device G1 and electric capacity C1, wherein, switching device G1 can be that IGBT manages (Insulated Gate Bipolar
Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), metal-oxide-semiconductor (metal-oxide semiconductor, field-effect transistor)
Or BJT pipe (Bipolar Junction Transistor, bipolar junction transistor) etc..One end of inductance L1 is connected to defeated
Entering the positive pole of power supply, the other end of inductance L1 is connected to the anode of diode D1, and the negative electrode of diode D1 is connected to out-put supply
Positive pole, input power and out-put supply negative pole altogether.The colelctor electrode of switching device is connected between inductance L1 and diode D1
Common port, the emitter stage of switching device G1 is connected to the negative pole of input power, and the gate pole of switching device G1 is connected to controller
210, controller 210 controls the on and off of switching device G1.Electric capacity C1 is connected between the positive pole of out-put supply and negative pole,
I.e. one end of electric capacity C1 is connected to the negative electrode of diode D1, and the other end of electric capacity C1 connects the negative pole of out-put supply.
When switching device G1 turns on, the electric current that input power produces flows through inductance L1, according to the physical characteristic of inductance, stream
Linearly increasing through the electric current of inductance L1, electrical power storage is in inductance L1, and inductance L1 and switching device G1 forms conducting loop, now
The anode of diode D1 is connected between the negative pole of input power and the positive pole of out-put supply, and diode D1 reversely ends.When opening
Close device G1 from conducting become turn off time, according to the physical characteristic of inductance, the electric current flowing through inductance L1 can not produce sudden change, thus
Producing electromotive force, the direction of electromotive force is identical with the direction of input power, and the electric energy being stored in inductance L1 constantly discharges, and passes through
Diode D1 to electric capacity C1 charging and provide energy to the second output loading 420, now inductance L1, diode D1, electric capacity C1 and
Second output loading 420 forms loop.When periodically controlling switching device G1 conducting with shutoff, energy can be realized from defeated
Enter power supply to transmit to out-put supply.Controller 210 can be by controlling switching device G1 on or off shape the most in the same time
State, produces exchange disturbing signal.
As shown in Figure 6, current disturbing device 410 can also use Buck voltage-dropping type DC/DC changer, including switching device
G2, inductance L2, diode D2 and electric capacity C2, wherein, switching device G2 can be that IGBT manages (Insulated Gate Bipolar
Transistor, insulated gate bipolar transistor), metal-oxide-semiconductor (metal-oxide semiconductor, field-effect transistor)
Or BJT pipe (Bipolar Junction Transistor, bipolar junction transistor) etc..The gate pole of switching device G2 connects
To controller 210, the colelctor electrode of switching device G2 is connected to the positive pole of input power, the emitter series inductance of switching device G2
The positive pole of out-put supply, out-put supply and input power negative pole altogether it is connected to after L2.The anode of diode D2 is connected to output electricity
The negative pole in source, the negative electrode of diode D2 is connected to the corresponding common port between the emitter stage of switching device G2 and inductance L2.Electric capacity
C2 is connected between the positive pole of out-put supply and negative pole, i.e. one end of electric capacity C2 is connected to the other end of inductance L1, electric capacity C2 even
It is connected to the positive pole of diode D2.
When controller 210 controls switching device G2 conducting, the negative electrode of diode D2 is connected to the positive pole of input power, and two
The anode of pole pipe D2 is connected to the negative pole of input power, and diode D2 ends.Input power passes through switching device G2 to inductance L2
Charging.When controller 210 controls switching device G2 cut out, inductance L2 charges to electric capacity C2, thus realizes input power to defeated
Go out the transmission of power supply.
The operation principle of the ac impedance measurement system of the electrochemical appliance 100 in the present embodiment is as follows:
1) non-alternating testing impedance pattern:
When controller 210 judges not carry out ac resistance analysis, controller 210 controls current disturbing device 410 and cuts out.
Now, first controller 210 regulates the working condition of electrochemical appliance 100 so that electrochemical appliance 100 sets up open-circuit voltage,
Then control the first output loading 300 to start, so that this electrochemical appliance 100 starts normally to work, electrochemical appliance 100
Output voltage and output electric current be direct current signal.Simultaneously by voltage polling device 220 to each of electrochemical appliance 100
The voltage of monolithic is monitored, by supervising the first current sensing means 600 to the output electric current of electrochemical appliance 100
Survey, such that it is able to realize the various operating conditions of electrochemical appliance 100 are tested.
2) ac impedance measurement pattern
When controller 210 judges to carry out ac resistance analysis, controller 210 controls current disturbing device 410 and second
Output loading 420 starts.Controller 210 regulates the second output loading 420 to suitable voltage range or resistance value, controller
210 preset current perturbation by exchange current perturbation and the direct current current perturbation of regulation current perturbation to obtain, and specifically, control
The forcing frequency of device 210 selected exchange current perturbation, and determine the disturbance amplitude that this forcing frequency is corresponding, it is thus achieved that preset disturbance electricity
Stream, and the input current of current disturbing device 410 is adjusted to default current perturbation, wherein, the input of current disturbing device 410
Electric current is equal to exchange current perturbation and direct current current perturbation sum, by adjusting the output of the second output loading 420 so that exchange
The amplitude of current perturbation is consistently less than the amplitude of direct current current perturbation.
So, the output electric current of electrochemical appliance 100 contains an exchange current perturbation, and electrochemical appliance 100
Output voltage also can produce accordingly with the voltage response signal exchanging current perturbation.Now, by the first voltage check device 500
The output voltage of the selected monolithic to be measured of detection electrochemical appliance 100, and by the first current sensing means 600 synchronous detecting
The output electric current of monolithic to be measured.After the output voltage having gathered a number of monolithic to be measured and output electric current, monolithic is patrolled and examined
Above-mentioned output voltage and output electric current are sent to controller 210 by device.
The output voltage of the monolithic multiple to be measured collected and output electric current are carried out signal processing by controller 210, calculate
AC impedance at the forcing frequency of current exchange current perturbation.Afterwards, controller 210 changes the disturbance of exchange current perturbation
Frequency and disturbance amplitude, it is thus achieved that the exchange current perturbation of renewal, and calculate at the exchange current perturbation updated according to aforesaid way
Forcing frequency at AC impedance.By the AC impedance that multiple different forcing frequencies are corresponding, AC impedance can be drawn
Spectrogram.Afterwards, controller 210 controls current disturbing device 410 and cuts out.
Additionally, as it is shown in figure 9, one embodiment of the invention additionally provides the ac impedance measurement side of a kind of electrochemical appliance
Method, for the ac impedance measurement system of above-mentioned electrochemical appliance, comprises the steps:
S100, control first output loading start, make electrochemical appliance normally work；In the present embodiment, can be by adjusting
Save the first output loading, make electrochemical appliance export DC current.
S200, judge whether to ac impedance measurement；Wherein, controller can be according to whether receive test to trigger letter
Number judging whether to ac impedance measurement, controller can also determine whether according to the current operating conditions of AC impedance system
Carry out ac impedance measurement, as when the working condition of this ac impedance measurement system reaches default working condition, controller
Control this test system and carry out ac impedance measurement；Otherwise, ac impedance measurement is not the most carried out.
When judging to need to carry out ac impedance measurement, i.e. it is in ac impedance measurement pattern in this ac impedance measurement system
Time, then perform following steps:
S300, control current disturbing device and the second output loading start；I.e. when needs carry out ac impedance measurement, disturb
Dynamic regulation branch road connects with the outfan of electrochemical appliance such that it is able at the outfan superposition current perturbation of electrochemical appliance,
To realize ac impedance measurement.After current disturbing device and the second output loading start, carry out AC impedance in accordance with the following steps
Test:
S400, the voltage range regulating the second output loading or resistance value；Second is made by regulating the second output loading
The voltage range of output loading or resistance value are suitable with the output of current disturbing device.In the present embodiment, can be by arranging
The second voltage check device between the second output loading and current disturbing device and the detected value of the 4th current sensing means
Realize the control of the output voltage to current disturbing device.
S500, the input current of current disturbing device is adjusted to default current perturbation；Specifically, when current disturbing device
Input current when not up to presetting current perturbation, controller can regulate and control the conducting of current disturbing device breaker in middle device or cut
Time only, so that the input current of current disturbing device reaches to preset current perturbation.
Wherein, default current perturbation can obtain by the way of on-line control, specific as follows:
Obtain forcing frequency and the disturbance amplitude exchanging current perturbation in current perturbation；Wherein, first controller determines friendship
The forcing frequency of flow disturbance electric current, then, controller determines the disturbance amplitude that above-mentioned forcing frequency is corresponding, thus obtains current friendship
Flow disturbance electric current.When forcing frequency is multi-frequency, it is first determined the disturbance amplitude of each forcing frequency and correspondence thereof, the most again
Default current perturbation is formed according to each sub-current perturbation superposition.
Obtain the amplitude of direct current current perturbation in current perturbation；I.e. direct current current perturbation in current perturbation can pass through
Line is arranged.
Amplitude according to the exchange forcing frequency of current perturbation, disturbance amplitude and direct current current perturbation obtains presets disturbance electricity
Stream.Wherein,
Wherein, I represents default current perturbation, I1Represent direct current current perturbation, I2Representing exchange current perturbation, A represents exchange
The disturbance amplitude of current perturbation, f represents the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation,Represent the starting phase angle of exchange current perturbation,
T express time.
S600, the output electric current obtaining the monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance and output voltage；In the present embodiment, can pass through
First voltage check device and voltage polling device obtain the output voltage of monolithic to be measured, are synchronized by the first current sensing means
Obtain the output electric current of monolithic to be measured.
S700, output electric current and output voltage according to monolithic to be measured calculate corresponding with the forcing frequency presetting current perturbation
AC impedance；
S800, the forcing frequency of the default current perturbation of change, it is thus achieved that the default current perturbation of renewal；Wherein, exchange disturbance
The disturbance amplitude of electric current and forcing frequency are controlled, can carry out on-line control by controller.
S900, output electric current and output voltage according to monolithic to be measured calculate and exchange corresponding to forcing frequency after renewal
Impedance；I.e. after step S800, return step S500, repeated execution of steps S500 to step S800, until obtain multiple not
Same forcing frequency and the AC impedance of correspondence thereof.Its specific implementation see above in description.
S1000, according to multiple different forcing frequencies and the AC impedance of correspondence thereof, it is thus achieved that the friendship of described electrochemical appliance
Flow impedance collection of illustrative plates.So by changing the forcing frequency of exchange current perturbation, and measure electrochemical appliance in different forcing frequencies
The AC impedance at place can draw out the spectrogram of AC impedance.Foregoing circuit simple in construction, highly versatile, reduce exchange
The cost of impedance test system.
In one embodiment, method also comprises the steps:
When controller judges to be made without ac impedance measurement, i.e. this ac impedance measurement system is operated in non-alternating resistance
During anti-test pattern, then perform step S1001, control current disturbing device and close, and control the first output loading and be in unlatching
State, controls the output of the first output loading so that described electrochemical appliance normally works simultaneously.Specifically, disturb when electric current
When dynamic device is closed, controller starts by controlling the first output loading, so that electrochemical appliance and the first output loading
Form loop so that current disturbing device can normally work.Such that it is able to electrochemical appliance to be carried out the test of various operating mode,
And control voltage polling device the output voltage of each monolithic of electrochemical appliance is monitored.
Wherein, the work of the ac impedance measurement system in the ac impedance measurement method of the present embodiment and above-described embodiment
Principle is consistent, and concrete execution process can be found in described above.
The ac impedance measurement system and method for the electrochemical appliance of the present invention, makes described by the first output loading regulation
Electrochemical appliance normally works, and when current disturbing device is opened, regulates electricity by the second output loading and current disturbing device
The input current of flow disturbance device so that the output electric current of electrochemical appliance is one exchange of superposition on the basis of DC current
Current perturbation, such that it is able to realize the detection of the AC impedance of electrochemical appliance, and foregoing circuit simple in construction, highly versatile,
Reduce the cost of ac impedance measurement system.Further, the first output loading and the second output by relatively independent setting are negative
Carry, thus further increase the performance of this test system.
One of ordinary skill in the art will appreciate that all or part of flow process realizing in above-described embodiment method, be permissible
Instructing relevant hardware by computer program to complete, described program can be stored in a computer read/write memory medium
In, this program is upon execution, it may include such as the flow process of the embodiment of above-mentioned each method.Wherein, described storage medium can be magnetic
Dish, CD, read-only store-memory body (Read-Only Memory, ROM) or random store-memory body (Random Access
Memory, RAM) etc..
Embodiment described above only have expressed the several embodiments of the present invention, and it describes more concrete and detailed, but also
Therefore the restriction to the scope of the claims of the present invention can not be interpreted as.It should be pointed out that, for those of ordinary skill in the art
For, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, it is also possible to make some deformation and improvement, these broadly fall into the guarantor of the present invention
Protect scope.Therefore, the protection domain of patent of the present invention should be as the criterion with claims.
Claims (12)
1. the ac impedance measurement system of an electrochemical appliance, it is characterised in that include electrochemical appliance, control device, straight
Stream regulation branch road and the disturbance adjusting branch road with described DC adjustment branch circuit parallel connection, described electrochemical appliance connects described control
Device；
Described DC adjustment branch road includes that the first output loading, the input of described first output loading are connected to described electrochemistry
Device, the outfan of described first output loading is connected with described control device signal, and described control device is used for monitoring described
The duty of the first output loading；
Described disturbance adjusting branch road includes the current disturbing device for producing current perturbation and the second output loading, described electric current
The input of disturbance device is connected to described electrochemical appliance, and the outfan of described current disturbing device connects described second output
Load, and described current disturbing device and described second output loading are connected to described control device；
Described control device is for after controlling the unlatching of described current disturbing device, by the input current of described current disturbing device
Adjust to default current perturbation, and the output electric current and output voltage according to the monolithic to be measured of described electrochemical appliance calculates and institute
State the AC impedance that the forcing frequency of default current perturbation is corresponding.
The ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described control device
Including controller and for monitoring the voltage polling device of the output voltage of each monolithic to be measured of described electrochemical appliance；
The voltage measurement end of each monolithic of described electrochemical appliance is connected to described voltage polling device, described voltage polling
Device connects described controller, and described controller is used for selecting monolithic to be measured, and it is selected to control described voltage polling device collection
The output voltage of monolithic described to be measured.
The ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described voltage polling
Device includes monolithic gating module and the signal processing module that each monolithic with described electrochemical appliance is connected；
Described monolithic gating module gathers the output voltage of described monolithic to be measured for the control signal according to described controller；Institute
State signal processing module to be connected with described controller, for the output voltage of described monolithic to be measured is sent to described controller.
The ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include the first electricity
Pressure detects device and for detecting the first current sensing means of described electrochemical appliance output electric current；
The input of described first voltage check device is connected to the outfan of described electrochemical appliance, described first voltage detecting
The outfan of device is connected to described voltage polling device and the common port of described controller；Described first current sensing means string
Connection is arranged on the outfan of described electrochemical appliance, and described first current sensing means is connected to described voltage polling device and institute
State the common port of controller.
The ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described DC adjustment
Branch road also includes the second current sensing means of the input current for detecting described first output loading, described second electric current inspection
Survey device and be connected to described controller.
The ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that described disturbance adjusting
Branch road also includes the 3rd current sensing means of the input current for detecting described current disturbing device, described 3rd electric current inspection
Surveying device and be connected to described controller, described controller is additionally operable to according to described in the detecting of described 3rd current sensing means
The input current of current disturbing device, regulates the time that described current disturbing device is switched on or off, and makes described current disturbing fill
The input current put reaches described default current perturbation.
The ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described current disturbing
The input current of device includes exchanging current perturbation and direct current current perturbation, the amplitude of described exchange current perturbation less than described directly
The amplitude of flow disturbance electric current；
Described control device is additionally operable to the regulation exchange forcing frequency of current perturbation, disturbance amplitude and described direct current current perturbation
Amplitude, to obtain described default current perturbation.
The ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance the most according to claim 6, it is characterised in that described disturbance adjusting
Branch road also includes the second voltage check device of the output voltage for detecting described current disturbing device and described for detecting
4th current sensing means of the output electric current of current disturbing device；
Described second voltage check device and described 4th current sensing means are connected to described controller, and described controller is used
The voltage range of described second output loading is regulated in the output voltage according to described current disturbing device and described output electric current
Or resistance value.
The ac impedance measurement system of electrochemical appliance the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that described current disturbing
Device is Boost step-up DC/DC changer, Buck type blood pressure lowering DC/DC changer or DC/AC changer.
10. the ac impedance measurement method of an electrochemical appliance, it is characterised in that for the electrochemistry described in claim 1
The ac impedance measurement system of device, described method comprises the steps:
Controlling the first output loading to start, electrochemical appliance normally works；
Judge whether to ac impedance measurement；
When judging to carry out ac impedance measurement, execution following steps:
Control current disturbing device and the second output loading starts；
Regulate voltage range or the resistance value of described second output loading；
The input current of described current disturbing device is adjusted to default current perturbation；
Obtain output electric current and the output voltage of the monolithic to be measured of electrochemical appliance；
Output electric current according to described monolithic to be measured calculates corresponding with the forcing frequency of described default current perturbation with output voltage
AC impedance；
Change the forcing frequency of described default current perturbation, it is thus achieved that the default current perturbation of renewal；
Output electric current and output voltage according to described monolithic to be measured calculate the AC impedance corresponding with the forcing frequency after renewal；
According to multiple different forcing frequencies and the AC impedance of correspondence thereof, it is thus achieved that the AC impedance figure of described electrochemical appliance
Spectrum.
The ac impedance measurement method of 11. electrochemical appliances according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described method is also
Including:
Obtain forcing frequency and the disturbance amplitude exchanging current perturbation in current perturbation；
Obtain the amplitude of direct current current perturbation in current perturbation；
The amplitude of forcing frequency, disturbance amplitude and described direct current current perturbation according to described exchange current perturbation obtains to preset and disturbs
Streaming current；
Regulate the time being turned on and off of described current disturbing device, the input current of described current disturbing device is adjusted to
Described default current perturbation.
12. ac impedance measurement methods according to claim 10, it is characterised in that described method also includes walking as follows
Rapid:
When judging not carry out ac impedance measurement, control described first output loading and be in opening, and control described electricity
Flow disturbance device is closed.
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