CN203299350U - Battery internal resistance on-line measuring instrument - Google Patents
Battery internal resistance on-line measuring instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN203299350U CN203299350U CN2013202450795U CN201320245079U CN203299350U CN 203299350 U CN203299350 U CN 203299350U CN 2013202450795 U CN2013202450795 U CN 2013202450795U CN 201320245079 U CN201320245079 U CN 201320245079U CN 203299350 U CN203299350 U CN 203299350U
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a battery internal resistance on-line measuring instrument which comprises a channel selector switch (1), a preamplifier band-pass filter circuit (2), a multiplier (3), an integrator (4), a DC amplifier circuit (5), a single-chip microcomputer system (6), a keyboard (7), a display device (8), a serial port (9), a sampling circuit (10), a square wave converting circuit (11) and an AC signal generator (12). The battery internal resistance on-line measuring instrument realizes the on-line measurement by using an AC signal injected battery and utilizing phase lock amplification filtering technology, and is high in anti-interference capability. The measurement precision reaches below 0.01megaohm, and the battery internal resistance on-line measuring instrument is especially effective for measuring the internal resistance of large-power batteries. The battery internal resistance on-line measuring instrument allows stably painting of change curve of relation between a battery charging and the internal resistance under different conditions, comprehensively evaluates the performance of the battery and realizes intelligent measurement.
Description
Technical field
The utility model belongs to the battery detecting field, relates to a kind of a kind of high precision instrument of the real-time measurement internal resistance of cell, is specifically related to a kind of internal resistance of cell on-line measurement instrument.
Background technology
Be a more popular topic to the detection of battery performance in recent years, research shows that internal resistance is an important technology index weighing battery performance always.Under normal circumstances, the little battery current discharge capability of internal resistance is strong, a little less than the large battery discharge ability of internal resistance.An internal resistance when rechargeable battery dispatches from the factory is smaller, but after long-term use, exhaustion due to inside battery electrolytic solution, and the reduction of inside battery chemical substance activity, this internal resistance meeting increases gradually, until internal resistance can't normally discharge to the electric weight of inside battery greatly, this moment, battery also just " was died ".The aging batteries of the overwhelming majority are all because excessive former of internal resistance thereby cause has no value for use, and have to scrap.Identify and predict the performance of battery by the way that detects the internal resistance of cell, yet because the internal resistance of cell is comprising complicated and is being the composition that is changing, so lacking a kind of believable mathematic(al) mode accurately describes battery, charger and loads on Performance Characteristics under their various conditions of living in always, and, because the numerical value of internal resistance is very little, generally with the unit of micro-ohm or milliohm, define it.Belong to the feeble signal category.And the amplitude that so-called " feeble signal " not only means signal is little, and mainly refers to the signal that is flooded by very noisy.Make and can't accurately measure internal resistance with general method based on these factors.Not only kind is single in the development of China's internal resistance of cell surveying instrument, Measuring Time is long, and measuring accuracy can only reach 0.1 milliohm level, relate to high precision, realize that the internal resistance of cell surveying instrument majority of on-line measurement is to rely on external import, substantially be to use the method that sparks, not only affect battery safety, and expensive.
The utility model content
For overcome the existing product measuring accuracy low, to shortcomings such as battery infringement are large, the utility model provides a kind of internal resistance of cell measuring instrument, antijamming capability is strong, and measuring accuracy is reached below 0.01m Ω, and is particularly effective to the internal resistance measurement of high power battery.
The technical scheme that its technical matters that solves the utility model adopts is: adopt AC signal to inject battery, the precision that ac-current inject method is not only measured can reach more than 1%, and this method almost can be measured all batteries, can't battery itself not had too large infringement, and can on-line measurement.Because the internal resistance of cell is very little, be generally micro-ohm or milliohm level, so the impedance of slotted line just becomes and can not ignore, adopt four-wire method to measure for this reason, be about to drive current loop and induced voltage circuit separately, improve input impedance and the common-mode rejection ratio of pre-amplification circuit.And carry out filtering and phase-locked amplification processing, faint signal is separated from noise.By pre-amplification circuit, filtering circuit, phase-locked amplifying circuit and automatic gear shifting circuit, improve antijamming capability, measuring accuracy is reached below 0.01m Ω.The algorithm application that random signal is processed is measured on the performance parameters such as processing, analysis, calculating, storage, demonstration to battery signal.Can write with panel and control by software program, the multiple battery such as physical battery, chemical cell, photoelectric cell, solar cell, super capacitor are measured, reach a tractor serves several purposes, realize composite measurement.
Particularly, the utility model provides a kind of internal resistance of cell on-line measurement instrument, comprises path selector switch (1), preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), multiplier (3), integrator (4), dc amplification circuit (5), Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6), keyboard (7), display device (8), serial ports (9), sample circuit (10), square wave conversion circuit (11) and AC signal generator (12);
Path selector switch (1) has two two-way differential signal input ends and a two-way signal output part, and two two-way differential signal input ends are connected with extraneous input signal with sample circuit (10) respectively;
The two-way signal output part of path selector switch (1) is connected with preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), and the output signal of preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2) is directly inputted in multiplier (3);
Multiplier (3) has two one-channel signal input ends and an one-channel signal output terminal, one road signal input is connected with the output of preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), another road signal input part is connected with the output terminal of square wave conversion circuit (11), and one-channel signal output is connected with the input in integrator (4);
The output of integrator (4) directly is connected with dc amplification circuit (5), the input end in the output access Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) of dc amplification circuit (5);
Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) has a direct current signal input end, a digital signal input end, a digital signal output end, a serial ports output control terminal and a demonstration output terminal; The output terminal of the direct current signal input end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) and dc amplification circuit (5) dc amplification circuit joins; The digital signal output end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is controlled the input end of AC signal generator (12); The serial ports output control terminal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with serial ports (9); The digital signal input end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with keyboard (7); The demonstration output terminal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with display device (8);
The output terminal parallel join square wave conversion circuit (11) of AC signal generator (12) and the input end of sample circuit (10);
Sample circuit (10) has an input end and two output terminals, input end connects the output terminal of AC signal generator (12), an output terminal of sample circuit (10) is connected with path selector switch (1) Zhong Deyi road differential signal input end, and another road output is applied to extraneous load simultaneously with the output of AC signal generator (12).
The beneficial effects of the utility model are, can realize the high precision online measuring to the internal resistance of cell, and battery is not formed too large infringement, and battery signal is measured processed, analyze, can stablize battery charging and discharging and the internal resistance variation relation curve drawn under different condition, and the performance of battery is made comprehensive evaluation, realize intelligent measuring.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the whole schematic diagram of system.
Fig. 2 is the four-wire method testing circuit.
Fig. 3 is pre-amplification circuit.
Fig. 4 is band pass filter circuit figure.
Fig. 5 is phase-locked amplifying circuit.
Fig. 6 is the circuit diagram that can regulate amplifying circuit.
Fig. 7 is the cpu circuit block diagram.
Fig. 8 is the A/D circuit.
Fig. 9 is serial communication circuit.
Figure 10 is internal resistance of cell on-line measurement instrument signal flow diagram.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 has showed the General layout Plan of internal resistance of cell on-line measurement instrument, on the specific implementation of system, after the comprehensive comparative analysis to various internal resistance measurement methods, employing is with ac-current inject method, application four lead-in wire access methods, use the principle of phase-locked amplification, the feeble signal that the battery two ends are occurred gathers, amplify, filtering, again this signal is input to single-chip microcomputer and carries out Treatment Analysis calculating, to show all kinds of performance parameters of battery, and draw, storage battery charge-discharge characteristic curve, cell safety hidden danger is judged, analyze, realize the intelligent on-line measurement of the internal resistance of cell.
In embodiment illustrated in fig. 2,, because the internal resistance of cell is very little, be generally micro-ohm or milliohm level, so the impedance of slotted line just becomes and can not ignore, adopt four-wire method to measure for this reason, be about to drive current loop and induced voltage circuit separately.In the situation that the signal source output signal is constant, mesuring battary and reference resistance are connected in the same circuit, and the electric current that flows through them is identical,
So the internal resistance of cell and reference resistance Relations Among are arranged:
V wherein
rmsVoltage for the battery two ends.I
rmsFor the effective value of battery two ends current signal, V
1Voltage responsive signal effective value for the reference resistance two ends.In order to facilitate switching signal, need to adopt and to select for one 21 two path analoging switch to connect battery and measuring resistance, as requested, selected the CD4052 analog switch, during measurement, the ohmically signal of first measurement standard, then be switched to the signal on battery, then is input to respectively subsequent conditioning circuit and processes.
Amplifying circuit has adopted the instrument amplifier AD620 of AD company in the embodiment shown in fig. 3, AD620 is the single chip integrated instrumentation amplifier of high-performance, it is on the basis with the differential amplification that is in parallel, adopt laser wafer collimation technique, the user only just can be determined gain accurately with an outer meeting resistance, need not to regulate, be easy to use.
Adopt in the embodiment shown in fig. 4 the Sallen-Key bandpass filter of multiple feedback type, the passband of bandpass filter of design is 0.4-3KHz as required, requires by frequency characteristic flat and error is little; The cut-off characteristics of attenuation characteristic is precipitous and damping capacity is large; The distortion of signal waveform is little.
Lock-in amplifier in the embodiment shown in fig. 5 is the core of internal resistance measurement, and it, take coherent detection technology as basis, utilizes reference signal frequency relevant with frequency input signal, and is uncorrelated with noise, thereby extracts useful signal from noise.Phase-locked amplification is a kind of technology faint, narrow band noise that is used for separating from interference noise.Phase-locked amplification consists of a detection means and a low-pass filter., just can from a large amount of irrelevant noise that exists, it be detected known the time when the frequency of atomic weak signal and phase place.Correlator is the core of lock-in amplifier, and it is comprised of phase-sensitive detector (PSD) and low-pass filter.Phase-sensitive detector (PSD) adopts the switching regulator multiplier, adopt as requested synchronous demodulator AD630, AD630 is one can carry out the chip that multi-signal is processed, its application comprises: the balance modulation and demodulation, the synchronous detection, phase-detection, square wave detects, phase sensitive detects, and phase-locked amplification and square wave multiply each other.The workflow of correlator is that detection input signal and reference signal are input in comparer, regulates phase-shift circuit, and making the phase differential between reference signal and detection input signal is zero, and this moment, the lock-in amplifier output voltage only was directly proportional to the amplitude of input signal.Then carry out integration, sort circuit can detect the input signal identical with reference signal frequency in Noise and Interference, have extremely strong anti-interference, high sensitivity and very wide dynamic range.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 6, in order making, can to measure the internal resistance under the different conditions of different batteries and battery,, so adopt automatic gear shifting, can automatically to regulate enlargement factor according to the size of test internal resistance, thereby be convenient to measure.That wherein amplifier is selected is low noise high precision operating amplifier OP07, and he has extremely low input offset voltage, and extremely low offset voltage temperature is floated, the characteristics such as low-down input noise voltage amplitude and long-term stability.Regulate chip and select 4051, it is single 8 tunnels analogy multi-way switchs.Concrete that passage of connecting, by by Input Address code ABC, being decided.
Measuring system in the embodiment shown in fig. 7 adopts the 89C51 single-chip microcomputer of ATMEL, because needing the AD device when measuring voltage and internal resistance changes, so added the A/D conversion chip in circuit, carry out data transmission and engineering application for convenient with host computer simultaneously, the serial line interface that has added RS232 and RS485 in circuit design, also have in order to show easily and effectively voltage and internal resistance value, at microcontroller and display part, added interface circuit.The design will use two 89c51 chips, and wherein measuring 89C51 uses to such an extent that interface has: the P1 mouth is mainly the input and output number control signal, and the P2 mouth is mainly used in and another microcontroller communication.The P3 mouth is for generation of the test AC signal; Key and display circuit is used to such an extent that interface has with 89C51: P0 mouth, P1 mouth, P2 mouth are used for control and the data transmission with two liquid crystal display.The P3 mouth is for the data communication with main frame and accept keyboard signal.
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 8 is the A/D change-over circuit, due to this single-chip microcomputer itself of selecting and without the A/D change-over circuit, so external A/D conversion chip carries out A/D by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program instruction control chip and changes.Adopt as requested Dezhou TLC1549 series.It is the analog to digital converter with Serial Control, continuous successive approximation, it adopts two difference reference voltage high resistant inputs and a ternary output to form three-wire interface, wherein ternary output is respectively sheet choosing (CS Low level effective), I/O clock (I/O CLOCK), data outputs (DATAOUT).
Embodiment illustrated in fig. 9 be for convenient and compunlcation, a serial line interface that provides, select the RS232 interface here, because RS232 is one of communication interface on personal computer, the asynchronous transmission standard interface of being formulated by Electronic Industries Association (Electronic Industries Association, EIA).Usually RS-232 interface occurs with 9 pins (DB-9) or the kenel of 25 pins (DB-25).Select in the present embodiment the MAX232 chip, it is that Maxim is the interface circuit of the rs-232 standard serial ports design of computer specially, use+5v single power supply.
In Figure 10, path selector switch (1) has two two-way differential signal input ends and a two-way signal output part group, and two two-way differential signal input ends are connected with extraneous input signal with sample circuit (10) respectively; Two-way signal output is connected with preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), and it is in the multiplier (3) that forms of core that the output signal of preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2) is directly inputted to AD630.Multiplier (3) has two one-channel signal input ends and an one-channel signal output terminal, one road signal input is connected with the output of preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), another road signal input part is connected with the output terminal of square wave conversion circuit (11), and one-channel signal output is connected with the input in integrator (4).The output of integrator (4) directly is connected with dc amplification circuit (5).Input end in the output access Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) of dc amplification circuit (5).Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) has a direct current signal input end, a digital signal input end, a digital signal output end, a serial ports output control terminal and a demonstration output terminal.The output terminal of the direct current signal input end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) and dc amplification circuit (5) dc amplification circuit joins; The digital signal output end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is controlled the input end of AC signal generator (12); The serial ports output control terminal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with serial ports (9); The digital signal input end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with keyboard (7); The demonstration output terminal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with display device (8).The output terminal parallel join square wave conversion circuit (11) of AC signal generator (12) and the input end of sample circuit (10).Sample circuit (10) has an input end and two output terminals, input end connects the output terminal of AC signal generator (12), an output terminal of sample circuit (10) is connected with path selector switch (1) Zhong Deyi road differential signal input end, and another road output is applied to extraneous load simultaneously with the output of AC signal generator (12).
Internal resistance of cell measurement procedure is in Figure 10, gives Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) enabling signal by keyboard (7) after powering on.At first producing a frequency by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is that the signal of 1kHz left and right is delivered to square wave conversion circuit (11) and produced pumping signal and be injected in battery, and is provided with sample circuit (10) is used for gathering current signal on the path of injecting.Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) control path selector switch (1) gating measurement voltage signal path, the signal that gathers arrives preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), and to carry out after filter and amplification sending into AD630 be in the multiplier (3) that forms of core, and by square wave conversion circuit (11), to multiplier, provide reference signal, signal after multiplying each other is sent in integrator (4), after finishing related operation, signal is sent into dc amplification circuit (5), direct current signal is amplified as requested, carry out afterwards the AD collection and send in Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6).And then by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) control path selector switch (1) gating sample resistance Measure Channel, signal is sent in Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) through process as above, measures current signal.Calculated afterwards the internal resistance of battery by Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6), deliver to display device (8) and show its result, and by serial ports (9), send data to computing machine.
Claims (1)
1. an internal resistance of cell on-line measurement instrument, is characterized in that: comprise path selector switch (1), preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), multiplier (3), integrator (4), dc amplification circuit (5), Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6), keyboard (7), display device (8), serial ports (9), sample circuit (10), square wave conversion circuit (11) and AC signal generator (12);
Path selector switch (1) has two two-way differential signal input ends and a two-way signal output part, and two two-way differential signal input ends are connected with extraneous input signal with sample circuit (10) respectively;
The two-way signal output part of path selector switch (1) is connected with preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), and the output signal of preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2) is directly inputted in multiplier (3);
Multiplier (3) has two one-channel signal input ends and an one-channel signal output terminal, one road signal input is connected with the output of preposition amplification bandwidth-limited circuit (2), another road signal input part is connected with the output terminal of square wave conversion circuit (11), and one-channel signal output is connected with the input in integrator (4);
The output of integrator (4) directly is connected with dc amplification circuit (5), the input end in the output access Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) of dc amplification circuit (5);
Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) has a direct current signal input end, a digital signal input end, a digital signal output end, a serial ports output control terminal and a demonstration output terminal; The output terminal of the direct current signal input end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) and dc amplification circuit (5) dc amplification circuit joins; The digital signal output end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is controlled the input end of AC signal generator (12); The serial ports output control terminal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with serial ports (9); The digital signal input end of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with keyboard (7); The demonstration output terminal of Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) system (6) is connected with display device (8);
The output terminal parallel join square wave conversion circuit (11) of AC signal generator (12) and the input end of sample circuit (10);
Sample circuit (10) has an input end and two output terminals, input end connects the output terminal of AC signal generator (12), an output terminal of sample circuit (10) is connected with path selector switch (1) Zhong Deyi road differential signal input end, and another road output is applied to extraneous load simultaneously with the output of AC signal generator (12).
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| CN103605081A (en) * | 2013-12-02 | 2014-02-26 | 北京铁路信号有限公司 | Battery electric quantity detection device |
| CN103645382A (en) * | 2013-12-13 | 2014-03-19 | 艾德克斯电子（南京）有限公司 | On-line battery internal resistance measuring apparatus and measuring method thereof |
| CN103762627A (en) * | 2013-12-31 | 2014-04-30 | 青岛艾迪森科技有限公司 | Industrial-grade intelligent energy-storage storage battery supply |
| CN104678134A (en) * | 2015-03-18 | 2015-06-03 | 艾德克斯电子（南京）有限公司 | AC constant current source, internal resistance detecting device of cell and cell testing instrument |
| CN105510838A (en) * | 2015-12-16 | 2016-04-20 | 黑龙江省计量检定测试院 | Rechargeable battery on-line detection device and method for detecting internal resistance based on same |
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| CN109581238A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-04-05 | 珠海东帆科技有限公司 | A kind of internal resistance of cell measuring circuit and measurement method |
| CN110082602A (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2019-08-02 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | A kind of whole impedance measuring circuit and measuring device |
| CN110082602B (en) * | 2019-05-30 | 2020-11-03 | 中国科学院计算技术研究所 | Full-impedance measuring circuit and measuring device |
| CN110346645A (en) * | 2019-07-11 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南省计量检测研究院 | A kind of super capacitor internal resistance measuring method, device and computer readable storage medium |
| CN111257777A (en) * | 2020-03-13 | 2020-06-09 | 深圳市新威尔电子有限公司 | Internal resistance detection device with offset magnetic flux |
| CN111722137A (en) * | 2020-07-01 | 2020-09-29 | 重庆西南集成电路设计有限责任公司 | Micro-resistance test system based on four-wire method and digital anti-interference circuit |
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