CN102491798B - Algae organic fertilizer and preparing process thereof - Google Patents
Algae organic fertilizer and preparing process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN102491798B CN102491798B CN 201110376467 CN201110376467A CN102491798B CN 102491798 B CN102491798 B CN 102491798B CN 201110376467 CN201110376467 CN 201110376467 CN 201110376467 A CN201110376467 A CN 201110376467A CN 102491798 B CN102491798 B CN 102491798B
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- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 53
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 title abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 8
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Chemical compound NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000004202 carbamide Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 241001474374 Blennius Species 0.000 claims description 72
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 20
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims description 17
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000010452 phosphate Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K phosphate Chemical compound [O-]P([O-])([O-])=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002137 ultrasound extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000008719 thickening Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000264279 Sargassum fusiforme Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 241001261506 Undaria pinnatifida Species 0.000 claims description 5
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021538 borax Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004328 sodium tetraborate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000010339 sodium tetraborate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 241000196252 Ulva Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 39
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 abstract description 13
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000004925 denaturation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000036425 denaturation Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000002045 lasting effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 229910000402 monopotassium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 1
- 235000019796 monopotassium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 abstract 1
- GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium dihydrogen phosphate Chemical compound [K+].OP(O)([O-])=O GNSKLFRGEWLPPA-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 abstract 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K potassium phosphate Substances [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 21
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 18
- 240000008067 Cucumis sativus Species 0.000 description 14
- 235000010799 Cucumis sativus var sativus Nutrition 0.000 description 13
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 8
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 6
- 241000219112 Cucumis Species 0.000 description 5
- 235000015510 Cucumis melo subsp melo Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N [4,6-bis(cyanoamino)-1,3,5-triazin-2-yl]cyanamide Chemical compound N#CNC1=NC(NC#N)=NC(NC#N)=N1 FJJCIZWZNKZHII-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 235000013399 edible fruits Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 3
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 3
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N D-Mannitol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-KVTDHHQDSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229930195725 Mannitol Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000015177 Saccharina japonica Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000195474 Sargassum Species 0.000 description 2
- 241000196253 Ulva prolifera Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003085 diluting agent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 2
- KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycine betaine Chemical compound C[N+](C)(C)CC([O-])=O KWIUHFFTVRNATP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006460 hydrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000594 mannitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000010355 mannitol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229920001282 polysaccharide Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000005017 polysaccharide Substances 0.000 description 2
- 150000004804 polysaccharides Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000017260 vegetative to reproductive phase transition of meristem Effects 0.000 description 2
- IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-methyl-2,4-dioxo-1,3-diazinane-5-carboximidamide Chemical compound CN1CC(C(N)=N)C(=O)NC1=O IXPNQXFRVYWDDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7553-56-2 Chemical compound [I] ZCYVEMRRCGMTRW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000010443 alginic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000783 alginic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000615 alginic acid Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229960001126 alginic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 150000004781 alginic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000000540 analysis of variance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004071 biological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002925 chemical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007073 chemical hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005056 compaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019634 flavors Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000036541 health Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920000140 heteropolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000007062 hydrolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910010272 inorganic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011630 iodine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052740 iodine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002932 luster Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229930014626 natural product Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000013348 organic food Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002989 phenols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N potassium nitrate Chemical compound [K+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O FGIUAXJPYTZDNR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000661 sodium alginate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010413 sodium alginate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229940005550 sodium alginate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000002688 soil aggregate Substances 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Seaweed (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an algae organic fertilizer. A preparing process of the algae organic fertilizer includes steps of (1) removing sand of algae, drying the same in the sun or baking the same by the temperature of 50 DEG C to 70 DEG C and obtaining dried algae; (2) smashing the dried algae to be algae powder, mixing the algae powder with water and breaking wall by ultrasonic waves to obtain leach liquor; and (3) filtering, centrifuging, decolorizing, concentrating and drying the leach liquor, and finally the algae organic fertilizer is formed. Further, in order to enhance nutrition, nutrient components, such as urea, monopotassium phosphate and microelements and the like can be added according to needs, so that the required algae organic fertilizer can be obtained. The algae organic fertilizer extracted by ultrasonic waves has the advantages that extraction time is short, yield is high, degradation and denaturation at the high temperature for a long time and damages to effective constituents by high temperature and high pressure are avoided, and heating is omitted and the like as compared with that extracted by conventional extraction method. Algae are used as raw materials for producing the algae fertilizer, so that the problem of pollution to the environment is solved, waste is changed into treasure, production cost is saved, and the algae organic fertilizer has great economic value and profound and lasting environmental significance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of seaweed organic fertilizer and preparation technology thereof.
Background technology
At present, the long-term application chemical fertilizer has made the physicochemical character of farmland ecological environment, soil and the effective flora of soil be subjected to destruction in various degree, and is very big to the quality influence of farm crop.Especially too much use chemical fertilizer of simple substance such as nitrogen manure, make the soil compaction aggravation, soil fertility descends, and makes the quality of crop products and the needs that nutrition is difficult to satisfy people, does not more reach the requirement of green food, and causes serious environmental to pollute.
Traditional chemical fertilizer fertilizer efficiency is single, seriously polluted, and life-time service can cause soil destroyed.According to relevant expert investigation, the amount of application of chemical fertilizer occupies first place in the world on China's unit surface, has caused exceeding standard of nitrite content in agricultural-food and the tap water because chemical fertilizer excessive used, and seriously threatens national health.
Seaweed fertilizer belongs to the natural seaweed extract, and is harmless to people, animal, and environmentally safe is put into Organic food abroad and produces dedicated fertilizer, is natural, efficient, novel fertilizer.
Contain elements such as Sargassum polysaccharides, phenols, heteropolymer, N.F,USP MANNITOL, trimethyl-glycine, Lalgine, plant growth regulating substance and nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and iron, boron, molybdenum, iodine in the marine alga, but not chemosynthesis, harmless to people, animal, after big area is used, the pollution to environment can be reduced greatly, the standard of green non-pollution can be reached with the agricultural-food of its plantation.Therefore, seaweed fertilizer meets modern agricultural development trend fully, and the market space is boundless.At present, natural organic fertilizer material such as seaweed fertilizer are extensive use of with the area in developed countries such as America and Europes, and are progressively substituting chemical fertilizer.
Seaweed fertilizer has very high biological activity, but the just stimulating plant growth of few consumption, and nutrient composition content and the sugar degree of increase agricultural-food improve output, improve local flavor, color and luster and the storage endurance of fruit.Seaweed fertilizer can be improved the healthy state of crop in many-side, satisfies crop to some micro-particular requirement, effectively prevents and treats the physiological disease of plant, improves cold-resistant, drought resisting, the anti-adversity ability of crop.Seaweed fertilizer can also play an important role at protection agroecological environment, self-restraint soil.The spontaneous growth that it contains is regulated material, is easy to the plant absorbing conduction, and long-term application can directly make soil (or it is organic by plant soil to be increased) activate the various beneficial microorganisms in the soil, and the biopotency of soil is increased.In addition, the natural compounds that it contains such as Sodium Alginate are that natural soil is adjusted agent, can promote the formation of soil aggregate, improve soil internal void space, coordinate solid, liquid, gas three ratio in the soil, can recover owing to the soil lac balance that over-burden and chemical pollution loses, make the soil ventilation better, root system of plant is darker, increase the soil organisms activity, increase the release of available nutrient, improve the resistance of crop, set up best plant-soil ecosystem.Therefore, seaweed fertilizer is as the novel organic fertilizer material, can remedy the deficiency of China's tradition fertilizer, provides sound assurance to the Sustainable development of agricultural, and is significant to improving the ecological environment.
Just there is kind more than 100 in China only large-scale economical alga, and the marine algae resource of coastlands such as Yantai, Weihai, Qingdao is abundant especially, wherein is no lack of the marine alga of high fertilizer efficiency kind is arranged.In addition, marine algas such as coastland Enteromorpha such as Yantai, Weihai, Qingdao are spread unchecked in recent years, severe contamination environment, influence coastal view especially.
At present, domestic and international most producer mainly adopts chemical hydrolysis production seaweed fertilizer, namely utilizes strong acid, highly basic under the violent condition of High Temperature High Pressure marine alga to be handled, and this method technology is comparatively complicated, the condition harshness, and destroyed effective constituent a large amount of in the marine alga.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned prior art, the invention provides a kind of seaweed organic fertilizer and preparation technology thereof.
The present invention is achieved by the following technical solutions:
A kind of preparation technology of seaweed organic fertilizer may further comprise the steps:
(1) with the marine alga shakeout, dry or 50～70 ℃ of oven dry, make the content of moisture be lower than 10% (mass percent), get dry marine alga;
(2) marine alga of above-mentioned drying is pulverized, get seaweed powder, the granularity of marine alga is not more than 0.5cm * 0.5cm in the seaweed powder, then with seaweed powder and water with mass ratio 1: the mixed of (15～25), with hydrochloric acid (hydrochloric acid of preferred 0.1mol/L) pH is transferred to 2～3, temperature transfers to 45～50 ℃, supersonic wave wall breaking, broken time 0＜t≤12min, ultrasonic power 100～125w; Behind the broken wall, with NaOH solution (the NaOH solution of preferred 0.1mol/L) pH is transferred to 4～5, use ultrasonic extraction 40～60min again, ultrasonic power 125～200w gets vat liquor;
(3) with above-mentioned vat liquor filtration, centrifugal to remove insolubles, then the clear liquid that obtains is decoloured by 5% (mass percent) gac, after the decolouring, concentrate, 45～50 ℃ of control thickening temperatures, concentrated vapor pressure remains on 0.03～0.05Mpa, is concentrated into the content of solid substance at 20%～50% (mass percent); Namely get seaweed organic fertilizer after the drying; Further, be nutrient-reinforced, can add nutritive ingredients such as urea, potassium primary phosphate and trace element according to demand, obtain needed seaweed organic fertilizer, the adding mode has following several:
A. in dried seaweed organic fertilizer, add nutritive ingredients such as urea, potassium primary phosphate and trace element, carry out compositely, obtain needed seaweed organic fertilizer.
B. add nutritive ingredients such as urea, potassium primary phosphate and trace element in the solution after above-mentioned decolouring, before concentrating, obtain needed seaweed organic fertilizer.
C. add the solution that water is made into 10～100g/L in the seaweed organic fertilizer that obtains after the drying, and then add nutritive ingredients such as urea, potassium primary phosphate and trace element, obtain needed seaweed organic fertilizer.
Preferably, be example to add mode C, the urea of adding and the amount of potassium primary phosphate are by adding nitrogen 〉=10g/L, phosphorus (P in the solution of back
2O
5) 〉=30g/L, potassium (K
2O) 〉=the 60g/L meter; The amount that adds trace element by adding zinc 〉=4g/L, iron 〉=3/, L boron 〉=3g/L in the solution of back, adds trace element and realizes to add EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe and borax.
Described marine alga is Enteromorpha [Enteromorpha prolifera (Muller) J.Agardh], wakame [Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar], Sargassum fusiforme [Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setch] is or/and sea-tangle [Laminaria japonica Areschoug] etc.
A kind of seaweed organic fertilizer that utilizes above-mentioned preparation technology to prepare.
Seaweed organic fertilizer of the present invention adopts supersound extraction, it has the following advantages: the ultimate principle of ultrasound assisted extraction technique mainly is that the leaching that utilizes cavitation effect of ultrasonic waves to accelerate effective ingredients in plant is extracted, hyperacoustic second-order effect in addition, add mechanical vibration, emulsification, spread, smash, chemical effect etc., can be accelerated also that desire extracts that the diffusion of composition discharges and fully and solvent, be beneficial to extraction.Compare with conventional extraction method, have extraction time short, productive rate is high, avoid under the long-time hot conditions degraded sex change to avoid High Temperature High Pressure to the destruction of effective constituent, need not advantages such as heating, and is specific as follows:
1. extraction efficiency height: the unique physical property of ultrasonic wave can be impelled plant cell tissue's broken wall or distortion, extracts more fully, and extraction yield significantly improves than traditional technology and reaches 50～500%;
2. extraction time is short: ultrasonic extraction can obtain the optimum extraction rate at 24～40 minutes usually, and extraction time shortens more than 2/3 greatly than traditional method, and the raw material treatment capacity is big;
3. it is low to extract temperature: the supersound extraction optimum temps is at 40～60 ℃, the effective constituent of case of thermal instability, facile hydrolysis or oxidation had provide protection, simultaneously energy-conservation greatly energy consumption;
4. wide adaptability;
5. it is few to extract soup impurity, and effective constituent is easy to separate, purifying;
6. extraction process running cost is low, and overall economic efficiency is remarkable;
7. operation is simple, maintenance of the equipment, easy maintenance.
Seaweed organic fertilizer of the present invention has kept ecosystem nutritive ingredients such as the Lalgine, Sargassum polysaccharides, N.F,USP MANNITOL, trimethyl-glycine of marine alga to the full extent, can increase the nutrient composition content of agricultural-food, improve output, and can improve the resistance such as disease-resistant, cold-resistant, drought resisting of farm crop, strengthen the crop suction, inhale fertilizer and water retention capacity.Seaweed organic fertilizer of the present invention, product water-insoluble≤50g/L (1: 250 times of dilution); PH value (1: 250 times of dilution): 3.0-9.0; Total arsenic (in pb)≤0.5mg/kg; Plumbous (in pb)≤1.0mg/kg.The present invention is the raw material production seaweed fertilizer with the marine alga, has solved problem of environmental pollution, turns waste into wealth, and has saved production cost, has huge economic and far-reaching Significance for Environment.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with embodiment.
Embodiment 1 preparation seaweed organic fertilizer
Step is as follows:
(1) with the marine alga shakeout, dries, make the content of moisture be lower than 10% (mass percent), get dry marine alga;
(2) marine alga of above-mentioned drying is pulverized, get seaweed powder, the granularity of marine alga is not more than 0.5cm * 0.5cm in the seaweed powder, then with seaweed powder and water with 1: 20 mixed of mass ratio, hydrochloric acid with 0.1mol/L transfers to 3 with pH, and temperature transfers to 50 ℃, supersonic wave wall breaking, broken time 10min, ultrasonic power 125w; Behind the broken wall, with the NaOH solution of 0.1mol/L pH is transferred to 5, use ultrasonic extraction 50min again, ultrasonic power 150w gets vat liquor;
(3) with above-mentioned vat liquor filtration, centrifugal to remove insolubles, then the clear liquid that obtains is decoloured by 5% (mass percent) gac, after the decolouring, concentrate, 50 ℃ of control thickening temperatures, concentrated vapor pressure remains on 0.03～0.05Mpa, is concentrated into the content of solid substance at 40% (mass percent); Namely get seaweed organic fertilizer after the drying.
Preparation-obtained seaweed organic fertilizer, its water-insoluble≤50g/L (1: 250 times of dilution); PH value (1: 250 times of dilution): 3.0-9.0; Total arsenic (in pb)≤0.5mg/kg; Plumbous (in pb)≤1.0mg/kg.
(4) further, be nutrient-reinforced, add the solution that water is made into 50g/L in the seaweed organic fertilizer that obtains after the drying, and then nutritive ingredients such as adding urea, potassium primary phosphate and trace element, obtain the seaweed organic fertilizer of nutritional fortification, the urea that adds and the amount of potassium primary phosphate are by adding nitrogen=10g/L, phosphorus (P in the solution of back
2O
5)=30g/L, potassium (K
2O)=the 60g/L meter; The amount that adds trace element by adding zinc=4g/L, iron=3/, L boron=3g/L in the solution of back, adds trace element and realizes to add EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe and borax.
Used marine alga is Enteromorpha [Enteromorpha prolifera (Muller) J.Agardh] in the present embodiment, by collecting in Yantai, Weihai, the Qingdao offshore floating marine alga.
The effect of embodiment 2 seaweed organic fertilizers
The alginic acid water soluble fertilizer is the application test report on cucumber
For the effect of verifying that seaweed organic fertilizer produce to be used cucumber, inquiring into this fertilizer to the influence of cucumber physiological character and output, for high yield, high-quality, the efficient plantation of cucumber provides foundation, be provided with this test, existing test situation is reported as follows:
1. test period and place:
1.1 test period: on September 30th, 2010---January 20
1.2 test site: nitre one village, Song villages and small towns, Wendeng City
2. test materials and method
2.1 for examination soil
| Soil type | Organic (g/kg) | Alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen (mg/kg) | Available phosphorus (mg/kg) | Available potassium (mg/kg) | PH value |
| Brunisolic soil | 9.14 | 95.2 | 124.7 | 131.1 | 6.1 |
2.2 the seaweed organic fertilizer for the nutritional fortification that tries fertilizer: embodiment 1 preparation; Organic fertilizer (be conventional farmers' muck, its total nutrient (N+P
2O
5+ K
2O) 〉=4%, organic 〉=30%); Urea; Compound organic and inorganic fertilizer (be organic fertilizer with mineral manure urea, potassium primary phosphate mix its N, P
2O
5, K
2The content of O is respectively 15%, 6%, 9%).
2.3 for studying thing: cucumber
2.4 testing program and method:
Handle 1: 800 times of (volume multiple) diluents (every mu of 40L diluent) of the seaweed organic fertilizer of the nutritional fortification of conventional fertilizer application+embodiment 1 preparation.
Handle 2: conventional fertilizer application+with processing 1 equivalent clear water.
Handle 3: conventional fertilizer application: every 666.7m
2Base organic fertilizer material 5000kg, urea 25kg, organic-inorganic compound fertilizer 75kg.
Residential quarter area 30m
2, repeating 3 times, random alignment is established guard rows all around, general north-south, line-spacing 60cm spacing in the rows 30cm about every mu of 3500 strains, transplants cucumber respectively and sprayed to blade moistening in back 10 days, 25 days, 40 days.It is identical that each handles soil physico-chemical property, and the experimental plot seedling is counted unanimity, waters, drainage condition better (residential quarter is single irritates single), adopts identical field management measure, meets production requirement, and finished on the same day by the special messenger.
3. test results and analysis
3.1 different treatment is to the influence of cucumber biological character: after spraying foliage fertilizer, spray district's cucumber plant fertility proterties and have clear improvement than the check plot, the leaf look dark green, and the stem stalk is sturdy, and growing way is vigorous, and resistance strengthens, and aging delays, and the best fruiting period is long, and is as shown in table 1.
Table 1 different treatment is to the influence of cucumber biological character
| Different treatment | Setting date | Flowering period | The setting phase | Receipts phase beginning | Melon long (cm) | Melon heavy (g) | The leaf look | The fruit type |
| Handle 1 | 9.30 | 10.13 | 10.16 | 10.28 | 36.6 | 186.1 | Deep green | Normally |
| Handle 2 | 9.30 | 10.15 | 10.18 | 10.30 | 34.9 | 177.4 | Green | A small amount of deformity |
| Handle 3 | 9.30 | 10.15 | 10.18 | 10.30 | 34.6 | 175.9 | Green | A small amount of deformity |
As can be seen from Table 1, flowering period, setting phase, receipts phase beginning handle 1 all early than handling 2 and handle 3, handle 2 identical with processing 3, melon is long, melon heavily handles 1 significantly better than processing 2 and handle 3, and processing 2 and processing 3 are more or less the same, and handle 1 dark green leaf color, the fruit type is normal, infer that thus this fertilizer can improve photosynthesis, promote to bloom, in advance setting, promote growth, melon type well-grown, single fruit weight increases, and the blade plumpness is bud green.
3.2 different treatment is to the influence of cucumber yield and the output value
Table 2 different treatment is to the influence of cucumber yield and the output value
Annotate: the average price of cucumber sale at that time is 2.8 yuan/kilogram, every mu sprays 93.75 gram organic water-soluble fertilizer at every turn, amount to 281.25 grams, 60000 yuan/ton in per kilogram organic water-soluble fertilizer, 3716.9 yuan of the production costs of processing 1,3700 yuan of the production costs of processing 2 are handled 3550 yuan of 3 production costs.
Handle 1 output as can be seen from Table 2 apparently higher than handling 2 and handle 3, handle 2 a little more than handling 3, it is obvious to handle 1 the effect of increasing income, and input-output ratio is the highest.This fertilizer of deducibility has the effect of significantly increasing production and improying productivity thus.
3.3 variance analysis
Table 3 analysis of variance table
The minimum significantly balance sheet of table 4LSR method
Table 5 pats equal output multiple comparisons table everywhere
From table 3, table 4, table 5, as can be seen, handle 1 and handle 2, handle 1 and handle 3 and differ significantly, handle 2 and handle 3 no significant differences.
3. conclusion (of pressure testing)
3..1 seaweed organic fertilizer can effectively improve growth traits, and the resistance enhancing, disease and pest reduces, and promotes growing of cucumber.
3.2 cucumber foliage-spray seaweed organic fertilizer has extremely significant effect of increasing production.
Embodiment 3 preparation seaweed organic fertilizers
Step is as follows:
(1) with the marine alga shakeout, 60 ℃ of oven dry make the content of moisture be lower than 10% (mass percent), get dry marine alga;
(2) marine alga of above-mentioned drying is pulverized, get seaweed powder, the granularity of marine alga is not more than 0.5cm * 0.5cm in the seaweed powder, then with seaweed powder and water with 1: 15 mixed of mass ratio, hydrochloric acid with 0.1mol/L transfers to 2 with pH, and temperature transfers to 50 ℃, supersonic wave wall breaking, broken time 12min, ultrasonic power 150w; Behind the broken wall, with the NaOH solution of 0.1mol/L pH is transferred to 4, use ultrasonic extraction 50min again, ultrasonic power 150w gets vat liquor;
(3) with above-mentioned vat liquor filtration, centrifugal to remove insolubles, then the clear liquid that obtains is decoloured by 5% (mass percent) gac, after the decolouring, concentrate, 45 ℃ of control thickening temperatures, concentrated vapor pressure remains on 0.03～0.05Mpa, is concentrated into the content of solid substance at 50% (mass percent); Namely get seaweed organic fertilizer after the drying.
Preparation-obtained seaweed organic fertilizer, its water-insoluble≤50g/L (1: 250 times of dilution); PH value (1: 250 times of dilution): 3.0-9.0; Total arsenic (in pb)≤0.5mg/kg; Plumbous (in pb)≤1.0mg/kg.
(4) further, be nutrient-reinforced, add the solution that water is made into 100g/L in the seaweed organic fertilizer that obtains after the drying, and then nutritive ingredients such as adding urea, potassium primary phosphate and trace element, obtain the seaweed organic fertilizer of nutritional fortification, the urea that adds and the amount of potassium primary phosphate are by adding nitrogen=15g/L, phosphorus (P in the solution of back
2O
5)=35g/L, potassium (K
2O)=the 65g/L meter; The amount that adds trace element by adding zinc=5g/L, iron=4/, L boron=4g/L in the solution of back, adds trace element and realizes to add EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe and borax.
Used marine alga is Sargassum fusiforme [Sargassum fusiforme (Harvey) Setch] in the present embodiment, by collecting in Yantai, Weihai, the Qingdao offshore floating marine alga.
Embodiment 4 preparation seaweed organic fertilizers
Step is as follows:
(1) with the marine alga shakeout, 70 ℃ of oven dry make the content of moisture be lower than 10% (mass percent), get dry marine alga;
(2) marine alga of above-mentioned drying is pulverized, get seaweed powder, the granularity of marine alga is not more than 0.5cm * 0.5cm in the seaweed powder, then with seaweed powder and water with 1: 25 mixed of mass ratio, hydrochloric acid with 0.1mol/L transfers to 3 with pH, and temperature transfers to 50 ℃, supersonic wave wall breaking, broken time 6min, ultrasonic power 200w; Behind the broken wall, with the NaOH solution of 0.1mol/L pH is transferred to 5, use ultrasonic extraction 50min again, ultrasonic power 200w gets vat liquor;
(3) with above-mentioned vat liquor filtration, centrifugal to remove insolubles, then the clear liquid that obtains is decoloured by 5% (mass percent) gac, after the decolouring, concentrate, 50 ℃ of control thickening temperatures, concentrated vapor pressure remains on 0.03～0.05Mpa, is concentrated into the content of solid substance at 30% (mass percent); Namely get seaweed organic fertilizer after the drying.
Preparation-obtained seaweed organic fertilizer, its water-insoluble≤50g/L (1: 250 times of dilution); PH value (1: 250 times of dilution): 3.0-9.0; Total arsenic (in pb)≤0.5mg/kg; Plumbous (in pb)≤1.0mg/kg.
(4) further, be nutrient-reinforced, add the solution that water is made into 10g/L in the seaweed organic fertilizer that obtains after the drying, and then nutritive ingredients such as adding urea, potassium primary phosphate and trace element, obtain the seaweed organic fertilizer of nutritional fortification, the urea that adds and the amount of potassium primary phosphate are by adding nitrogen=12g/L, phosphorus (P in the solution of back
2O
5)=32g/L, potassium (K
2O)=the 63g/L meter; The amount that adds trace element by adding zinc=4g/L, iron=3/, L boron=3g/L in the solution of back, adds trace element and realizes to add EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe and borax.
Used marine alga is wakame [Undaria pinnatifida (Harvey) Suringar] in the present embodiment, by collecting in Yantai, Weihai, the Qingdao offshore floating marine alga.
Embodiment 5 preparation seaweed organic fertilizers
Step is as follows:
(1) with the marine alga shakeout, 50 ℃ of oven dry make the content of moisture be lower than 10% (mass percent), get dry marine alga;
(2) marine alga of above-mentioned drying is pulverized, get seaweed powder, the granularity of marine alga is not more than 0.5cm * 0.5cm in the seaweed powder, then with seaweed powder and water with 1: 20 mixed of mass ratio, hydrochloric acid with 0.1mol/L transfers to 3 with pH, and temperature transfers to 50 ℃, supersonic wave wall breaking, broken time 10min, ultrasonic power 125w; Behind the broken wall, with the NaOH solution of 0.1mol/L pH is transferred to 5, use ultrasonic extraction 50min again, ultrasonic power 150w gets vat liquor;
(3) with above-mentioned vat liquor filtration, centrifugal to remove insolubles, then the clear liquid that obtains is decoloured by 5% (mass percent) gac, after the decolouring, concentrate, 50 ℃ of control thickening temperatures, concentrated vapor pressure remains on 0.03～0.05Mpa, is concentrated into the content of solid substance at 20% (mass percent); Namely get seaweed organic fertilizer after the drying.
Preparation-obtained seaweed organic fertilizer, its water-insoluble≤50g/L (1: 250 times of dilution); PH value (1: 250 times of dilution): 3.0-9.0; Total arsenic (in pb)≤0.5mg/kg; Plumbous (in pb)≤1.0mg/kg.
Used marine alga is sea-tangle [Laminaria japonica Areschoug] in the present embodiment, by collecting in Yantai, Weihai, the Qingdao offshore floating marine alga.
Claims (4)
1. the preparation technology of a seaweed organic fertilizer is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
(1) with the marine alga shakeout, dry or 50～70 ℃ of oven dry, make the content of moisture be lower than 10%, get dry marine alga;
(2) marine alga of above-mentioned drying is pulverized, gets seaweed powder, then with seaweed powder and water with mass ratio 1:(15～25) mixed, pH is transferred to 2～3, and temperature transfers to 45～50 ℃, supersonic wave wall breaking, broken time 0 ﹤ t≤12min, ultrasonic power 100～125w; Behind the broken wall, pH is transferred to 4～5, use ultrasonic extraction 40～60min again, ultrasonic power 125～200w gets vat liquor;
(3) with above-mentioned vat liquor filtration, centrifugal to remove insolubles, then the clear liquid that obtains is decoloured by 5% gac, after the decolouring, add nutritive ingredient, concentrate, 45～50 ℃ of control thickening temperatures, concentrated vapor pressure remains on 0.03～0.05Mpa, is concentrated into the content of solid substance 20%～50%; Get the seaweed organic fertilizer of nutritional fortification after the drying;
The consumption of the nutritive ingredient of described adding is: the urea of adding and the amount of potassium primary phosphate, by adding nitrogen 〉=10g/L, phosphorus 〉=30g/L, potassium 〉=60g/L in the solution of back; The amount that adds trace element by adding zinc 〉=4g/L, iron 〉=3g/L, L boron 〉=3g/L in the solution of back, adds trace element and realizes by adding EDTA-Zn, EDTA-Fe and borax.
2. the preparation technology of seaweed organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step (1), marine alga is Enteromorpha, wakame, Sargassum fusiforme is or/and sea-tangle.
3. the preparation technology of seaweed organic fertilizer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in the described step (2), the granularity of marine alga is not more than 0.5cm * 0.5cm in the seaweed powder.
4. one kind is utilized the seaweed organic fertilizer that each described preparation technology prepares in the claim 1～3.
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Application publication date: 20120613 Assignee: HUBEI SINOCHEM & ORIENT FERTILIZER Co.,Ltd. Assignor: SINOCHEM YANTAI CROP NUTRITION Co.,Ltd. Contract record no.: 2014420000114 Denomination of invention: Algae organic fertilizer and preparing process thereof Granted publication date: 20131002 License type: Exclusive License Record date: 20140618 |
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