CN109438089A - Efficient organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Efficient organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109438089A CN109438089A CN201811617193.XA CN201811617193A CN109438089A CN 109438089 A CN109438089 A CN 109438089A CN 201811617193 A CN201811617193 A CN 201811617193A CN 109438089 A CN109438089 A CN 109438089A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B7/00—Fertilisers based essentially on alkali or ammonium orthophosphates
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of efficient organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof.The efficient organic fertilizer is made of following raw material by weight: 0.2-0.6 parts, 7-20 parts 25-35 parts of excrement material, 1-7 parts of straw powder, 3-10 parts of banana skin, 2-6 parts of fishbone dust, 3-10 parts of plant ash, 15-35 parts of urea, 0.1-0.6 parts of manganese sulfate, 2-7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2-6 parts of potassium chloride, 3-7 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, copper sulphate slow-releasing granules.Compared with prior art, a kind of efficient organic fertilizer that the invention of this reality provides, production procedure is simple, at low cost, and the market competitiveness is strong；Can feces of livestock and poultry, Organic Sludge is innoxious and minimizing is handled, it realizes efficiently the utilizing of organic matter, recycle and recycled with recycling, soil texture and high production efficiency will not be destroyed, waste is few in production process, produce the organic fertilizer Fertilizer nutrient abundance that the used time is few, produces；Cultivating field applied to tea tree can be improved tea survival rate, and tea matter is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of efficient organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof.
Background technique
China is a large agricultural country, and agricultural production is the basic industry in China, and annual consumption is a large amount of in agricultural production
Chemical fertilizer.Due to a large amount of waste residues of unreasonable use and industrial and agricultural production generation of chemical fertilizer etc., caused to environment serious
Pollution problem.Therefore, green organic farm products are promoted, improve the soil fertility and quality of farming land, multipath research and development and
Manure use, for reduce environmental pollution, protect environment, comprehensive utilization nature organic matter and ensure food safety etc.
It has important practical significance.
In recent years, with economic development and improvement of living standards, animal products demand is continuously increased, production scale
It is continuously increased, China's livestock breeding model is increasingly turned to scale, intensive culture from casual household's cultivation.With production-scale
Expand, pollution brought by the excrement of discharge is also increasingly severe.Feces of livestock and poultry is mainly excrement organic matter to the pollution of environment
Stench, pernicious gas caused by anaerobic digestion and the dust for carrying pathogenic microorganism.Stench and pernicious gas mainly include
NH3、CH4、H2S、(NH4)2S and scatol etc..Studies have shown that the nitrogen of 20%-30% is ammonium nitrogen, volatile damage in feces of livestock and poultry
It loses.NH3Volatilization improve the pH value of rainwater, make more SO2It is dissolved in rainwater, forms (NH4)2SO4, and (NH4)2SO4In soil
In be oxidized, discharge HNO3And H2SO4, acid deposition amount is made to increase 2.5 times.Meanwhile it is also micro- containing some cause of diseases in feces of livestock and poultry
Biology, pathogenic microorganism are mainly bacterium and virus.A large amount of pathogenic microorganism easily causes some pestilences in air, seriously
Production and economic benefit are influenced, while endangering the health of surrounding resident.
The main Xishuangbanna for originating in Yunnan Province of Pu'er tea (scientific name: Camellia sinensis var.assamica),
The areas such as Lincang, Pu'er.Pu'er tea, which is particular about, brews skill and product drink art, and drinking method is abundant, can both drink clearly, and can also mix
Drink.Pu'er tea millet paste is orange dense, and fragrance is high sharp lasting, and odor type is unique, the dense alcohol of flavour, prolonged resistance to bubble.Pu'er tea has reduction
Blood lipid weight-reducing, antibacterial aid digestion, warm stomach, promotes the production of body fluid, quenches the thirst, the multiple efficacies such as removing toxic substances of sobering up.Can clearing stomach promote the production of body fluid, eliminate indigestion and phlegm, solve
Wine removing toxic substances, diuresis cold dispelling, relieving cough and reducing sputum, reduction lipid cholesterol.
Long-term drinking Pu'er tea can be such that cholesterol and glycerolipid reduces, so long-term drinking Pu'er tea has treatment obesity
Function.The physiology effects such as the vasodilation of people, blood pressure decline, decreased heart rate and cerebral blood flow reduction can be caused by drinking Pu'er tea
It answers, has good therapeutic effect to hypertension and cerebral arteriovenous malformation patient.Under suitable concentration, gentle Pu'er tea pair is drunk
Stomach does not generate stimulation, and the film that sticky, sweet cunning, mellow Pu'er tea enter the formation of human body stomach is attached to the surface layer of stomach,
Beneficial protective layer is generated to stomach, long-term drinking can play the role of nourishing the stomach, shield stomach.
The world of medicine studies and clinical experiments have proved that yunnan puer tea has Bacteriostasis effects, and strong tea juice takes daily 10 times, can treat
Bacillary dysentery, it is directly related that this with Elevation includes tea polyphenols abundant.Catechin compounds tool in tealeaves
There is catechin contained by anti-aging Elevation, total amount is higher than other tea tree breeds, and anti-aging effects are better than other
Teas, tea polyphenols abundant help skin to resist aging.Pu'er tea can promote the production of body fluid to quench thirst, relieve summer heat, detoxifying, defaecation.Pu'er tea energy
Stomach is enough adjusted, stomach is made to restore normal function, small pox and problem of bad breath caused by solving because of constipation.
The present invention provides a kind of efficient organic fertilizer, is basic raw material with excrement, carries out deep processing, scientific compatibility, addition is delayed
Particle is released, the cultivation field applied to Pu'er tea can be improved the survival rate of tea shoot, improve tea leaf quality, preferably adapt to consumption
Person's demand.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of efficient organic fertilizers and preparation method thereof.
The present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of efficient organic fertilizer, including following raw material: excrement material, straw powder, banana skin, fishbone dust, plant ash, urea, sulphur
Sour manganese, ferrous sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, copper sulphate.
In one embodiment of the invention, a kind of efficient organic fertilizer, including following raw material: excrement material, straw powder, banana skin, fish-bone
Powder, plant ash, urea, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, copper sulphate, slow-releasing granules.
Preferably, the efficient organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that be made of following raw material by weight: excrement material 25-
35 parts, 1-7 parts of straw powder, 3-10 parts of banana skin, 2-6 parts of fishbone dust, 3-10 parts of plant ash, 15-35 parts of urea, manganese sulfate 0.1-
0.6 part, 2-7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2-6 parts of potassium chloride, 3-7 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2-0.6 parts of copper sulphate, 7-20 parts of sustained releases
Grain.
In one embodiment of the invention, a kind of excrement material the preparation method is as follows: cow dung, chicken manure, wormcast are mixed, continue plus
Enter aqueous sulfuric acid, sodium humate is uniformly mixed, place 2-4 hour, then adjust water content, then adjusting pH to 5-6,
Then stacking ferments 4-8 days, and catalyst is added into the material after heap fermentation, is being stirred, and then protects in nitrogen atmosphere
Under shield, heating and thermal insulation 4-7 hours, excrement material is obtained after cooling.
Preferably, the excrement material the preparation method is as follows: being in mass ratio (3-5): (3- by cow dung, chicken manure, wormcast
5): 1 mixing obtains 80-120 parts of mixing excrement, and the sulfuric acid that 0.2-0.8 parts of mass fractions are 60% to 75% is added into mixing excrement
Aqueous solution, 0.5-3 part sodium humate, 28-30 DEG C, with 300-500 revs/min stirring 20-60 minutes, 28-30 DEG C place
2-4 hours, water content was then adjusted to 70%, adjusts pH to 5-6 with potassium hydroxide, being then charged into height is 20-22cm container
In, formed height be 15-18cm stacking, 33-37 DEG C heap fermentation 4-8 days, be added into the material after heap fermentation
0.005-0.03 parts of catalyst, 28-30 DEG C, with 300-500 revs/min stirring 20-60 minutes, then move into flask, first
Nitrogen is passed through to drive away the air in flask, then under nitrogen atmosphere protection, 170-185 DEG C is heated to, is protected at 170-185 DEG C
It is 4-7 hours warm, it is cooled to 28-30 DEG C, obtains excrement material.
The catalyst be zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate, the zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate mass ratio be
(1-3): (1-3): (1-3)；It is further preferred that the catalyst is zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate, it is the zinc chloride, double
Oxygen water, magnesium sulfate mass ratio be 3:3:1.
In one embodiment of the invention, slow-releasing granules the preparation method is as follows:
(1) sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk are pulverized and sieved respectively, then takes Sangassivm fuciforime (Harv) Setch powder, shrimp shell meal, coconut shell flour mixing equal
It is even, aqueous sulfuric acid, phosphate aqueous solution is added, is uniformly mixed, is sieved, filter cake is washed with water to eluent and is in neutrality,
Then it dries；
(2) montmorillonite is added to absolute ethanol, silane coupling agent is added and is then under nitrogen protection stirred after heating
It is uniformly mixed, sieving；By Washing of Filter Cake, drying；
(3) product, urea after the product by step (1) after dry, step (2) are dry are uniformly mixed, in nitrogen atmosphere
Under, 330-530 DEG C cracking 0.5-1.5 hours, natural cooling obtains slow-releasing granules.
It is further preferred that the preparation method of the slow-releasing granules is as follows, described part is parts by weight:
(1) sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk be crushed into 20 meshes respectively, then take 18-22 parts of sargassum fusifomes, 48-55 portions of shrimps
Shell, 70-90 part coconut husk are uniformly mixed, and the aqueous sulfuric acid that 220-280 parts of mass fractions are 15% to 25%, 30-50 parts is added
Mass fraction be 10% to 20% phosphate aqueous solution, 28 DEG C with 400-600 revs/min stirring 80-150 minutes, mistake 100-
Filter cake is washed with water to eluent and is in neutrality by 200 meshes, then 18-26 hours dry at 45-55 DEG C；
(2) 85-110 parts of montmorillonites are added in 450-550 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 15-25 parts of silane coupling agents is added, are passed through
Nitrogen removal air be then under nitrogen protection warming up to 65-75 DEG C, 65-75 DEG C, 250-350 revs/min of stirring 2-5 it is small
When, mistake 500-700 mesh dries 18- in 35-45 DEG C, absolute pressure after filter cake is washed with water for 0.01-0.02MPa condition
26 hours；
(3) product, urea after the product by step (1) after dry, step (2) are dry are 1:(3-5 in mass ratio):
The ratio of (0.01-0.03) is uniformly mixed, under nitrogen atmosphere, 330-530 DEG C cracking 0.5-1.5 hours, natural cooling obtains
To slow-releasing granules.Preferably, cracking temperature is 430 DEG C.
The silane coupling agent is 3- (N- cyclohexylamino)-propyl trimethoxy silicane and/or bis- (3- triethoxy first silicon
Alkyl propyl) amine；It is further preferred that the silane coupling agent is 3- (N- cyclohexylamino)-propyl trimethoxy silicane and double
(3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine, 3- (N- the cyclohexylamino)-propyl trimethoxy silicane and bis- (3- triethoxies
Silylpropyl) amine mass ratio be (1-3): (1-3).
The invention also discloses the preparation methods of above-mentioned efficient organic fertilizer, weigh each raw material component by weight, and stirring is mixed
It closes uniform.Montmorillonite has layer structure, has good adsorption capacity and ion-exchange capacity.Sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut palm
Porous structure is formed after the charing cracking of shell, montmorillonite inside and surface is adsorbed on, improves the structure of montmorillonite, by temperature
Limitation, come control sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk charing crack degree.Dwelling, it is big to generate during dish, shrimp shell, Coconut shell pyrolysis
The free radical of amount, urea energy endothermic decomposition, product can capture free radical, inhibit the chain reaction of free radical, until reaction terminating,
The generation of volatile organic matter is reduced, lysis efficiency is improved.It is preferred that suitable cracking condition (amount of urea, cracking reaction temperature,
Time) it obtains to modified more suitable for the montmorillonite for slow release fertilizer.
Efficient organic fertilizer of the invention carries out deep processing by scientific compatibility, to excrement material, cooperates slow-releasing granules, has realized
The efficient utilization of machine matter will not destroy soil texture and produce simple, at low cost.
A kind of efficient organic fertilizer that the invention of this reality provides, production procedure is simple, at low cost, and the market competitiveness is strong；It can be poultry
Poultry manure, Organic Sludge be innoxious and minimizing processing, realize efficiently the utilizing of organic matter, recycle it is sharp again with recycling
With soil texture and high production efficiency will not be destroyed, waste is few in production process, and the production used time is few, the organic fertilizer produced
Fertilizer nutrient is sufficient；Cultivating field applied to tea tree can be improved tea survival rate, and tea matter is high.
On the basis of common knowledge of the art, above-mentioned each optimum condition, can be each preferably to get the present invention in any combination
Embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below by the mode of embodiment, but does not therefore limit the present invention to the reality
It applies among a range.In the following examples, the experimental methods for specific conditions are not specified, according to conventional methods and conditions, or according to quotient
The selection of product specification.
In following embodiments, primary raw material used is described below:
Tea shoot, kind are that cloud is No. 10 anti-.
Compound fertilizer, Hubei Yuan Feng Chemical Co., Ltd. are total to support point≤45%, a N component, P2O5Component, K2The quality of O component
Than for 17:11:17.
Fishbone dust, one hundred benevolence Biotechnology Co., Ltd of Qingdao.
Straw powder, using wheat stalk powder, one sail stalk comprehensive utilization Specialty Co-operative Organization of Zhengyang County is provided.
Sodium humate, water-soluble humic acid content≤70%, water-insoluble≤15%, Fe containing amount is containing amount≤0.45%, Ji
South America Nuo Ge Chemical Co., Ltd..
Hydrogen peroxide, mass fraction 30%, Hubei Xin Runde Chemical Co., Ltd..
Sargassum fusifome, dumpling made of glutinous rice flour guiding principle, Sargassaceae, Classification system: Hizikia fusifarme.Rongcheng City's rising sun abundance of water produces limited
Company provides.
Coconut husk, the endocarp of babassu coconut.
Montmorillonite, the production of Zhejiang Feng Hong clay Chemical Co., Ltd., 300 mesh of partial size.
3- (N- cyclohexylamino)-propyl trimethoxy silicane, CAS:3068-78-8, Nanjing energy moral new material technology are limited
Company provides, model SCA-A66M.
Bis- (3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine, CAS:13497-18-2, Nanjing can the limited public affairs of moral new material technology
Department provides, model SCA-A67X.
Embodiment 1
A kind of breeding method of Pu'er tea, includes the following steps, described part is parts by weight:
(1) selection is located in Lincang, slope degree≤25 °, and soil pH value goes to cut weeds, stub, smash in the mountainous region of 4-6
Soil block applies efficient organic fertilizer, applies 1000kg per acre, to the soil surface paving after fertilising with a thickness of the straw of 10-12cm；
(2) select no disease and pests harm, height of seedling 28-32cm, stem thickness 2-4mm, lateral root length 12-18cm tea shoot,
Late June to mid-July is transplanted, and mountainous region transplants 2000 plants, spacing in the rows 25-30cm per acre, thereafter according to the dry of soil
Wet degree was watered every 3-7 days, timely weeding, and in the application of annual 3, August, compound fertilizer is primary, compound fertilizer's amount of application of every tea shoot
For 0.35kg, primary in annual application in December efficient organic fertilizer, the efficient organic fertilizer amount of application of every tea shoot is 0.2kg.
The efficient organic fertilizer includes following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of excrement material, 3 parts of straw powder, 5 parts of banana skin, fish-bone
3 parts of powder, 5 parts of plant ash, 20 parts of urea, 0.2 part of manganese sulfate, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid
0.4 part of copper.Efficient organic fertilizer the preparation method is as follows: weigh each component by weight, mix, at 28 DEG C, with 200 revs/min
Revolving speed stirs 40 minutes, obtains efficient organic fertilizer.
The excrement material the preparation method is as follows: by cow dung, chicken manure, wormcast be in mass ratio 5:5:1 mix, obtain 100
Part mixing excrement, aqueous sulfuric acid, the 1.2 parts of sodium humates that 0.5 part of mass fraction is 65% are added into mixing excrement, 28 DEG C,
It is stirred 40 minutes, is placed at 28 DEG C 3 hours with 450 revs/min, then adjusted water content to 70%, adjust pH with potassium hydroxide
To 5.4, being then charged into height is to form the stacking that height is 15cm in 20cm container, 35 DEG C heap fermentation 6 days, to accumulation
0.01 part of catalyst is added in material after fermentation, stirs 40 minutes, is then moved into flask at 28 DEG C, with 450 revs/min,
It is passed through nitrogen first to drive away the air in flask, then under nitrogen atmosphere protection, is heated to 180 DEG C, it is small in 180 DEG C of heat preservations 5
When, 28 DEG C are cooled to, excrement material is obtained.The catalyst is zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate, the zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, sulphur
The mass ratio of sour magnesium is 3:3:1.
Embodiment 2
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is only that, in the present embodiment 2, the excrement material the preparation method is as follows: will
Cow dung, chicken manure, wormcast are 5:5:1 mixing in mass ratio, obtain 100 parts of mixing excrement, and 0.5 part of quality point is added into mixing excrement
Aqueous sulfuric acid, 1.2 part sodium humates of the number for 65%, are stirred 40 minutes at 28 DEG C, with 450 revs/min, place 3 at 28 DEG C
Hour, water content is then adjusted to 70%, adjusts pH to 5.4 with potassium hydroxide, and being then charged into height is to be formed in 20cm container
Height be 15cm stacking, 35 DEG C heap fermentation 6 days, into the material after heap fermentation be added 0.01 part of catalyst, 28
DEG C, with 450 revs/min stir 40 minutes, then move into flask, be passed through nitrogen first to drive away the air in flask, then exist
Under nitrogen atmosphere protection, 180 DEG C are heated to, 5 hours is kept the temperature at 180 DEG C, is cooled to 28 DEG C, obtains excrement material.The catalyst is
Zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate, the zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate mass ratio be 3:1:3.
Embodiment 3
Substantially the same manner as Example 1, difference is only that, in the present embodiment 3, the excrement material the preparation method is as follows: will
Cow dung, chicken manure, wormcast are 5:5:1 mixing in mass ratio, obtain 100 parts of mixing excrement, and 0.5 part of quality point is added into mixing excrement
Aqueous sulfuric acid, 1.2 part sodium humates of the number for 65%, are stirred 40 minutes at 28 DEG C, with 450 revs/min, place 3 at 28 DEG C
Hour, water content is then adjusted to 70%, adjusts pH to 5.4 with potassium hydroxide, and being then charged into height is to be formed in 20cm container
Height be 15cm stacking, 35 DEG C heap fermentation 6 days, into the material after heap fermentation be added 0.01 part of catalyst, 28
DEG C, with 450 revs/min stir 40 minutes, then move into flask, be passed through nitrogen first to drive away the air in flask, then exist
Under nitrogen atmosphere protection, 180 DEG C are heated to, 5 hours is kept the temperature at 180 DEG C, is cooled to 28 DEG C, obtains excrement material.The catalyst is
Zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate, the zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate mass ratio be 1:3:3.
Embodiment 4
A kind of breeding method of Pu'er tea, includes the following steps, described part is parts by weight:
(1) selection is located in Lincang, slope degree≤25 °, soil pH value in the mountainous region of 4-6, goes to cut weeds, stub, smash
Soil block applies efficient organic fertilizer, applies 1000kg per acre, to the soil surface paving after fertilising with a thickness of the straw of 10-12cm；
(2) select no disease and pests harm, height of seedling 28-32cm, stem thickness 2-4mm, lateral root length 12-18cm tea shoot,
Late June to mid-July is transplanted, and mountainous region transplants 2000 plants, spacing in the rows 25-30cm per acre, thereafter according to the dry of soil
Wet degree was watered every 3-7 days, timely weeding, and in the application of annual 3, August, compound fertilizer is primary, compound fertilizer's amount of application of every tea shoot
For 0.35kg, primary in annual application in December efficient organic fertilizer, the efficient organic fertilizer amount of application of every tea shoot is 0.2kg.
The efficient organic fertilizer includes following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of excrement material, 3 parts of straw powder, 5 parts of banana skin, fish-bone
3 parts of powder, 5 parts of plant ash, 20 parts of urea, 0.2 part of manganese sulfate, 3 parts of ferrous sulfate, 3 parts of potassium chloride, 5 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, sulfuric acid
0.4 part, 10 parts slow-releasing granules of copper.Efficient organic fertilizer the preparation method is as follows: weigh each component by weight, mix, 28 DEG C,
It is stirred 40 minutes with 200 revs/min of revolving speeds, obtains efficient organic fertilizer.
The preparation method of the excrement material is same as Example 1.The preparation method of the slow-releasing granules is as follows, and described part is
Parts by weight: (1) crushed 20 meshes for sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk respectively, then take 20 parts of sargassum fusifomes, 50 parts of shrimp shells, 80 portions of coconut palms
Shell is uniformly mixed, and it is water-soluble that the phosphoric acid that part mass fraction of aqueous sulfuric acid, 35 that 250 parts of mass fractions are 20% is 15% is added
Liquid is stirred 120 minutes with 450 revs/min at 28 DEG C, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, filter cake is washed with water to eluent and is in neutrality, then
It is 24 hours dry at 50 DEG C；(2) 100 parts of montmorillonites are added in 500 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 20 parts of silane coupling agents is added, are passed through
Then under nitrogen protection nitrogen removal air is warming up to 70 DEG C, stir 3 hours in 70 DEG C, 300 revs/min, cross 500 mesh
Sieve, by after 300 parts of water washings of filter cake 40 DEG C, absolute pressure be 0.01MPa condition dry 24 hours；(3) step (1) is dry
The product after product, step (2) drying, urea after dry are that the ratio of 1:5:0.02 is uniformly mixed in mass ratio, in nitrogen atmosphere
Under enclosing, cracked 1 hour at 330 DEG C, natural cooling obtains slow-releasing granules.The silane coupling agent is 3- (N- cyclohexylamino)-the third
Base trimethoxy silane and bis- (3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine, 3- (N- the cyclohexylamino)-propyl trimethoxy
The mass ratio of silane and bis- (3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine is 1:1.
Embodiment 5
It is substantially the same manner as Example 4.Difference is only that, in the present embodiment 5, the preparation method of the slow-releasing granules is such as
Under, described part is parts by weight: (1) sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk crushed 20 meshes respectively, then take 20 parts of sargassum fusifomes, 50
Part shrimp shell, 80 parts of coconut husks are uniformly mixed, and part mass fraction of aqueous sulfuric acid, 35 that 250 parts of mass fractions are 20%, which is added, is
15% phosphate aqueous solution is stirred 120 minutes with 450 revs/min at 28 DEG C, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, filter cake is washed with water to elution
Liquid is in neutrality, then 24 hours dry at 50 DEG C；(2) 100 parts of montmorillonites are added in 500 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 20 parts of silicon is added
Alkane coupling agent is passed through nitrogen removal air and is then under nitrogen protection warming up to 70 DEG C, in 70 DEG C, 300 revs/min of stirrings 3
Hour, cross 500 meshes, by after 300 parts of water washings of filter cake 40 DEG C, absolute pressure be 0.01MPa condition dry 24 hours；
(3) product, urea after the product by step (1) after dry, step (2) are dry are that the ratio of 1:5:0.02 mixes in mass ratio
Uniformly, under nitrogen atmosphere, it is cracked 1 hour at 430 DEG C, natural cooling obtains slow-releasing granules.The silane coupling agent is 3-
(N- cyclohexylamino)-propyl trimethoxy silicane and bis- (3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine, 3- (the N- cyclohexylamine
Base) mass ratioes of-propyl trimethoxy silicane and bis- (3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine is 1:1.
Embodiment 6
It is substantially the same manner as Example 4.Difference is only that, in the present embodiment 6, the preparation method of the slow-releasing granules is such as
Under, described part is parts by weight: (1) sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk crushed 20 meshes respectively, then take 20 parts of sargassum fusifomes, 50
Part shrimp shell, 80 parts of coconut husks are uniformly mixed, and part mass fraction of aqueous sulfuric acid, 35 that 250 parts of mass fractions are 20%, which is added, is
15% phosphate aqueous solution is stirred 120 minutes with 450 revs/min at 28 DEG C, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, filter cake is washed with water to elution
Liquid is in neutrality, then 24 hours dry at 50 DEG C；(2) 100 parts of montmorillonites are added in 500 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 20 parts of silicon is added
Alkane coupling agent is passed through nitrogen removal air and is then under nitrogen protection warming up to 70 DEG C, in 70 DEG C, 300 revs/min of stirrings 3
Hour, cross 500 meshes, by after 300 parts of water washings of filter cake 40 DEG C, absolute pressure be 0.01MPa condition dry 24 hours；
(3) product, urea after the product by step (1) after dry, step (2) are dry are that the ratio of 1:5:0.02 mixes in mass ratio
Uniformly, under nitrogen atmosphere, it is cracked 1 hour at 530 DEG C, natural cooling obtains slow-releasing granules.The silane coupling agent is 3-
(N- cyclohexylamino)-propyl trimethoxy silicane and bis- (3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine, 3- (the N- cyclohexylamine
Base) mass ratioes of-propyl trimethoxy silicane and bis- (3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine is 1:1.
Embodiment 7
It is substantially the same manner as Example 4.Difference is only that, in the present embodiment 7, the preparation method of the slow-releasing granules is such as
Under, described part is parts by weight: (1) sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk crushed 20 meshes respectively, then take 20 parts of sargassum fusifomes, 50
Part shrimp shell, 80 parts of coconut husks are uniformly mixed, and part mass fraction of aqueous sulfuric acid, 35 that 250 parts of mass fractions are 20%, which is added, is
15% phosphate aqueous solution is stirred 120 minutes with 450 revs/min at 28 DEG C, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, filter cake is washed with water to elution
Liquid is in neutrality, then 24 hours dry at 50 DEG C；(2) 100 parts of montmorillonites are added in 500 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 20 parts of silicon is added
Alkane coupling agent is passed through nitrogen removal air and is then under nitrogen protection warming up to 70 DEG C, in 70 DEG C, 300 revs/min of stirrings 3
Hour, cross 500 meshes, by after 300 parts of water washings of filter cake 40 DEG C, absolute pressure be 0.01MPa condition dry 24 hours；
(3) product, urea after the product by step (1) after dry, step (2) are dry are that the ratio of 1:5:0.02 mixes in mass ratio
Uniformly, under nitrogen atmosphere, it is cracked 1 hour at 430 DEG C, natural cooling obtains slow-releasing granules.The silane is only 3- (N-
Cyclohexylamino)-propyl trimethoxy silicane.
Embodiment 8
It is substantially the same manner as Example 4.Difference is only that, in the present embodiment 8, the preparation method of the slow-releasing granules is such as
Under, described part is parts by weight: (1) sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk crushed 20 meshes respectively, then take 20 parts of sargassum fusifomes, 50
Part shrimp shell, 80 parts of coconut husks are uniformly mixed, and part mass fraction of aqueous sulfuric acid, 35 that 250 parts of mass fractions are 20%, which is added, is
15% phosphate aqueous solution is stirred 120 minutes with 450 revs/min at 28 DEG C, sieves with 100 mesh sieve, filter cake is washed with water to elution
Liquid is in neutrality, then 24 hours dry at 50 DEG C；(2) 100 parts of montmorillonites are added in 500 parts of dehydrated alcohols, 20 parts of silicon is added
Alkane coupling agent is passed through nitrogen removal air and is then under nitrogen protection warming up to 70 DEG C, in 70 DEG C, 300 revs/min of stirrings 3
Hour, cross 500 meshes, by after 300 parts of water washings of filter cake 40 DEG C, absolute pressure be 0.01MPa condition dry 24 hours；
(3) product, urea after the product by step (1) after dry, step (2) are dry are that the ratio of 1:5:0.02 mixes in mass ratio
Uniformly, under nitrogen atmosphere, it is cracked 1 hour at 430 DEG C, natural cooling obtains slow-releasing granules.The silane is only bis- (3-
Triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine.
Test case
(1) it is trained respectively according to the breeding method for being applied to Pu'er tea using efficient organic fertilizer of the invention of embodiment 1-8
Tea shoot is educated, 1 month survival rate after statistics tea shoot transplanting.
(2) chlorophyll content is tested: being applied to respectively according to embodiment 1-8 using efficient organic fertilizer of the invention general
The breeding method of Pu'er tea tea cultivates tea shoot, picks Pu'er tea tender leaf at the beginning of in late April, the 1st to 5 months after transplanting tea shoot.It will picking
Pu'er tea tender leaf clean, surface moisture is blotted with filter paper, crushed 10 meshes after then removing big vein, take smashed leaf
Acetone and 95% ethyl alcohol are that 2:1 is mixed as solvent, solvent usage 10mL, extract 24 at 30 DEG C by piece 0.05g by volume
Hour, filtering, filtrate measures OD value OD with UV-9100 ultraviolet-uisible spectrophotometer at 663nm, 645nm, calculates total
Chlorophyll content, unit mg/g fresh weight.
(3) it nitrogen leaching extracting rate test: (1) drenches device out: being packed into 2cm quartz into the band sand core chromatographic column of internal diameter 5.8cm
Sand is reloaded into the wind desiceted soil that 250g crosses 1mm sieve.250g is separately taken to cross the wind desiceted soil of 1mm sieve, the height being separately added into embodiment 1-8
Effect organic fertilizer makes N content 200mg/kg in soil, the dosage of efficient organic fertilizer is thus determined, by efficient organic fertilizer and wind desiceted soil
It is fitted into chromatographic column after mixing, then with the covering of 2cm quartz sand, disturbed soil when to prevent adding water；(2) experimental procedure: first
It is secondary first plus water makes soil moisture close to saturation (be subject to chromatograph column bottom just have water exudation), add 200mL after cultivating 2d
Water is collected simultaneously leachates, and after cultivating 2d at room temperature, chromatographic column carries out second of leaching with 200mL water, and later each time by same
Program is operated.It cultivates 2d leaching 1 time, altogether leaching 8 times.Each leachates are transferred to 500mL volumetric flask, add water constant volume,
Total nitrogen content is detected with Flow Analyzer and flame photometer.Calculate accumulative leaching extracting rate (%) of nitrogen.
Table 1: test result table
By efficient organic fertilizer of the invention be applied to Pu'er tea cultivation in, make plantation obtain Pu'er tea high survival rate,
Tea tree is healthy and strong, photosynthetic capacity is strong, and the Pu'er tea thus processed is with the strong fragrance of agalloch eaglewood, the sweet name for ancient tribes in the east of the dense alcohol of flavour, soup look
It is red it is gorgeous it is bright, tea residue is reddish brown tender.Long-term drinking has anti-oxidant, beautifying face and moistering lotion, lower hyperlipidemia, hypertension, hyperglycemia, adjusts cell metabolism, is antitumor
Equal health-care efficacies.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of efficient organic fertilizer, which is characterized in that including following raw material: excrement material, straw powder, banana skin, fishbone dust, vegetation
Ash, urea, manganese sulfate, ferrous sulfate, potassium chloride, ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, copper sulphate.
2. efficient organic fertilizer as described in claim 1, which is characterized in that further include slow-releasing granules in the raw material.
3. efficient organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 2, which is characterized in that be made of following raw material by weight: excrement material
25-35 parts, 1-7 parts of straw powder, 3-10 parts of banana skin, 2-6 parts of fishbone dust, 3-10 parts of plant ash, 15-35 parts of urea, manganese sulfate
0.1-0.6 parts, 2-7 parts of ferrous sulfate, 2-6 parts of potassium chloride, 3-7 parts of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate, 0.2-0.6 parts of copper sulphate, 7-20 parts it is slow
Release particle.
4. the efficient organic fertilizer as described in claims 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the excrement material the preparation method is as follows: will
Cow dung, chicken manure, wormcast mixing, continuously add aqueous sulfuric acid, sodium humate is uniformly mixed, and place 2-4 hours, then
Water content is adjusted, pH to 5-6 is then adjusted, then stacking ferments 4-8 days, catalyst is added into the material after heap fermentation,
It is being stirred, then under nitrogen atmosphere protection, heating and thermal insulation 4-7 hours, is obtaining excrement material after cooling.
5. the efficient organic fertilizer as described in claims 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the excrement material the preparation method is as follows: will
Cow dung, chicken manure, wormcast are (3-5) in mass ratio: (3-5): 1 mixing obtains 80-120 parts of mixing excrement, is added into mixing excrement
Aqueous sulfuric acid, 0.5-3 part sodium humates of the 0.2-0.8 parts of mass fractions for 60% to 75%, at 28-30 DEG C, with 300-500
Rev/min stirring 20-60 minute, 28-30 DEG C placement 2-4 hours, then adjusting water content to 70%, adjusted with potassium hydroxide
PH to 5-6, being then charged into height is the stacking that height is 15-18cm to be formed, in 33-37 DEG C of heap fermentation in 20-22cm container
4-8 days, 0.005-0.03 parts of catalyst are added into the material after heap fermentation, are stirred at 28-30 DEG C, with 300-500 revs/min
It mixes 20-60 minutes, then moves into flask, be passed through nitrogen first to drive away the air in flask, then under nitrogen atmosphere protection,
Be heated to 170-185 DEG C, 170-185 DEG C heat preservation 4-7 hours, be cooled to 28-30 DEG C, obtain excrement material.
6. efficient organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 5, which is characterized in that the catalyst is zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, sulfuric acid
Magnesium, the zinc chloride, hydrogen peroxide, magnesium sulfate mass ratio be (1-3): (1-3): (1-3).
7. the efficient organic fertilizer as described in claims 1 or 2 or 3, which is characterized in that the preparation method of the slow-releasing granules is such as
Under:
(1) sargassum fusifome, shrimp shell, coconut husk are pulverized and sieved respectively, then takes Sangassivm fuciforime (Harv) Setch powder, shrimp shell meal, coconut shell flour to be uniformly mixed, adds
Enter aqueous sulfuric acid, phosphate aqueous solution, be uniformly mixed, is sieved, filter cake is washed with water to eluent and is in neutrality, is then done
It is dry；
(2) montmorillonite is added to absolute ethanol, silane coupling agent is added and is then under nitrogen protection stirred after heating
Uniformly, it is sieved；By Washing of Filter Cake, drying；
(3) product, urea after the product by step (1) after dry, step (2) are dry are uniformly mixed, under nitrogen atmosphere,
330-530 DEG C cracking 0.5-1.5 hours, natural cooling obtains slow-releasing granules.
8. efficient organic fertilizer as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the silane coupling agent is 3- (N- cyclohexylamino)-
Propyl trimethoxy silicane and/or bis- (3- triethoxysilylpropyltetrasulfide) amine.
9. a kind of preparation method of efficient organic fertilizer, it is characterised in that: weigh each raw material component by weight, be uniformly mixed
?.
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