CN107382511A - A kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN107382511A CN107382511A CN201710722803.1A CN201710722803A CN107382511A CN 107382511 A CN107382511 A CN 107382511A CN 201710722803 A CN201710722803 A CN 201710722803A CN 107382511 A CN107382511 A CN 107382511A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G5/00—Fertilisers characterised by their form
- C05G5/30—Layered or coated, e.g. dust-preventing coatings
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum and preparation method thereof, including following raw material：Marine alga, Enteromorpha, Mikania micrantha, radix glycyrrhizae, black false hellebore, kuh-seng, celery, molasses, silicon dioxide gel, EM bacteria agent, soil modifier.Its preparation method is：Herbal raw material is mixed, crushing, addition molasses, EM bacteria agent and suitable quantity of water, anaerobic fermentation under normal temperature；Tunning is well mixed with soil modifier, particle is made；Hybrid particles are added in fluid bed coating machine, 50~55 DEG C of silicon dioxide gel is sprayed into and carries out coating, cooling screening produces the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of the present invention.The present invention compounds the Chinese herbal medicine after fermentation and soil modifier, again slow release fertilizer is formed through coating, not only so that fertilizer has the function that synergy, promotes plant absorption nutrition and sustained release, it can also effectively suppress cucumber fusarium axysporum opportunistic pathogen propagation, control morbidity scale and degree, the reparation and improvement to ecological environment of soil are realized, avoids environmental pollution.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to technical field of fertilizers, and in particular to it is a kind of prevent and treat cucumber fusarium axysporum Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer and its
Preparation method.
Background technology
Cucumber, alias king melon, cucumber, it is the annual climber herbaceous plant of Curcurbitaceae Cucumis, originating from Himalaya
The tropical rain forest area of mountain southern foot.Cucumber has the characteristics that yield is high, nutritious, profitable, be cultivate in the world it is most universal
A kind of melon vegetables, and one of staple vegetable crop that China's cultivated area is maximum, planting range is most wide.
Cucumber fusarium axysporum, also known as wilt disease, dead seedling disease, dead arm, its cause of disease is Fusarium oxysporum cucumber specialized form
(Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.cucumeris), belongs to Fungi Imperfecti, and germ is existed with mycelium, sclerotium and chlamydospore
Survived the winter on soil, invalid body and seed, turn into the primary source of infection of Second Year.When germ can survive 5~6 years or longer in soil
Between, germ is propagated with seed, soil, fertilizer, irrigation water, insect, farm implements etc., is invaded from root nature breach or wound, in root
Bred, grown in cauline bundle, form microconidia, and moved, breed in the catheter, by blocking dimension pipe
Beam and excrete poison, destroy the normal transporting function of plant and cause wilting.The number of cause of disease bacterium amount is journey of falling ill then in soil
One of determinant of degree, nitrogenous fertilizer is excessive, acid soil, continuous cropping or soil property stick weight, hypsography low-lying, impeded drainage and can all make disease
Aggravate.
Mainly have to the sick prevention and controls at present chemical control, cultural control (reasonable cultivation step, grafting, from anti-
Sick kind, crop rotation with interplanting etc.), biological control (Biocontrol microorganism, Plant source active substances etc.).Wherein, chemical control is most
Conventional, the preferable prevention and controls of preventive effect, still, long-term use of chemical agent easily causes residual, not only contaminated soil and underground water,
Human and livestock health is endangered, and as systemic fungicide largely uses, germ is also easy to produce the resistance to the action of a drug, further increases pest and disease damage and prevents
The difficulty controlled, increase production cost.Therefore, research and develop efficient, low toxicity, be not likely to produce drug-fast prevention and controls, realize that cucumber gives birth to
The economic benefit of production is mutually unified with the ecological benefits of environmental protection, has important economy and social value.
The content of the invention
In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, fermented it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of Chinese herbal medicine for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum fertile
Material, effectively solves in the prior art that cucumber harmful substance residual, pathogen develop immunity to drugs and the problems such as environmental pollution, changes simultaneously
Kind soil microenvironment, promotes cucumber growth, improves cucumber quality, improves cucumber yield and edible safety.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions：
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, include the raw material of following weight parts：Marine alga 20~70
Part, 10~50 parts of Enteromorpha, 1~10 part of Mikania micrantha, 1~10 part of radix glycyrrhizae, 1~10 part of black false hellebore, 1~10 part of kuh-seng, celery 1~10
Part.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, the raw material of following weight parts are included：Marine alga
50 parts, 30 parts of Enteromorpha, 6 parts of Mikania micrantha, 6 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 7 parts of black false hellebore, 7 parts of kuh-seng, 8 parts of celery.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, the raw material of following weight parts are included：Molasses
3~12 parts, 3~7 parts of silicon dioxide gel, 1~8 part of EM bacteria agent, 1~5 part of soil modifier.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, the raw material of following weight parts are included：Molasses
9 parts, 5 parts of silicon dioxide gel, 5 parts of EM bacteria agent, 3 parts of soil modifier.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, the soil modifier is by following parts by weight
Raw material be made：10~19 parts, green 47~51 parts of bamboo charcoal, 5~9 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3~7 parts of nidus vespae, pine wood sawdust shell
3~8 parts, 4~10 parts of medical stone, 4~10 parts of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, 1~7 part of green tea, 3~9 parts of watermelon peel, acid-sludge 2~7
1~5 part of part, Jia Betel, 1~5 part of folium artemisiae argyi, 2~9 parts of hairy grape stem.
Preferably, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, the soil modifier is by following parts by weight
Raw material be made：49 parts of bamboo charcoal, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 5 parts of nidus vespae, 14 parts, green 5 parts of shell of pine wood sawdust, 6 parts of medical stone,
6 parts of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, 4 parts of green tea, 5 parts of watermelon peel, 4 parts of 3 parts of, Jia Betel of acid-sludge, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 6 parts of hairy grape stem.
Preferably, the soil modifier preparation method is：Slurry, mistake are ground into after Jia Betel, folium artemisiae argyi, hairy grape stem are mixed
Filter, takes filtrate standby；Pulverized after pine wood sawdust, green shell, medical stone, aquatic products leftover bits and pieces are mixed, pour into gained
In filtrate, it is granulated after high temperature drying；Watermelon peel is dried, then be placed on together with nidus vespae, green tea baking 20 on bamboo charcoal~
40min, then resulting material is crushed together with acid-sludge, mix, obtain mixed-powder；By the hybrid particles of gained and powder and remain
Excess material is well mixed.
Each composition mechanism of action of the present invention is as follows：
Marine alga：Marine alga is that most wide biology is distributed in ocean, and species is various, there is Chlorophyta, Phaeophyta, Cyanophyta, red algae
Door etc., abundant sargassum protein, fat, vitamin, mineral matter and the physiology with special efficacy are contained in these fronds
Active material (the dirty acid of such as algal polysaccharides, algae, enzyme, various plants hormone, polyphenol), plant growth can be induced and reduce non-life
The mechanism of thing stress, the defence capability and osmotic protection function of crop are excited, and it is nontoxic pollution-free, it is the head of pollution-free food
Select fertilizer.
Enteromorpha：Enteromorpha is Chlorophyta, the algae of Ulvales Ulvaceae Enteromorpha, tongue bar, green laver etc. is commonly called as, in east
Southern region following the line of the sea is widely distributed.Containing abundant bioactive substance in Enteromorpha, as sea grass polysaccharide, volatile component, protein,
Aliphatic acid, lipid, sterol etc., there is antibacterial, somatotrophic effect.Research shows that sea grass polysaccharide can significantly improve cucumber biology
Character, improve cucumber yield.In recent years, due to global warming, seawater heating, inshore industrial wastewater and city domestic sewage row
Sea etc. is put into, favourable condition is provided for the growth of Enteromorpha, there are different degrees of Enteromorpha outburst and sprawling in each marine site in the world,
Both people's normal life and the development of city tourism had been influenceed, while has caused serious ecological degeneration.Therefore, it is of the invention by waterside
Tongue is enriched as one of raw material, not only raw material sources, ecological degeneration caused by efficiently solving Enteromorpha, is there is Enteromorpha
Effect utilizes, and obtained Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer is had the effect of promoting cucumber growth, improving cucumber biological character.
Mikania micrantha：Mikania micrantha is composite family, the perennial liana of Mikania, originates in Central and South America, rear incoming east
South Asia, Hong Kong and China southeastern coastal areas.Mikania micrantha contain steroidal, terpene, flavones and its glycoside, sugar and its glycosides, amino acid,
The chemical composition such as lactone, cumarin and glycoside and volatile oil, there is the function of broad-spectrum antiseptic, it is active to bacterium and fungi,
Also Medicinal can be used as, for treat wound and other purposes.The Mikania micrantha speed of growth is exceedingly fast, and can wind and cover in a short time
Cover causes plant is withered to die on other plant, seriously endangers industrial crops and forest cover, is commonly called as " plant killer ".Therefore, originally
Invention is using Mikania micrantha as one of antipathogenic composition, and not only raw material sources enrich, and ecology caused by efficiently solving Mikania micrantha is disliked
Change, Mikania micrantha is got utilization, and obtained Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer can effectively suppress the growth of pathogen
Breeding, prevention and control cucumber fusarium axysporum.
Radix glycyrrhizae：Radix glycyrrhizae alias Herba Hedyotis cantonensis root, powder grass is leguminous perennial herb, and main producing region is the Inner Mongol, Gansu, mountain
The ground such as west, Xinjiang.Radix glycyrrhizae contains abundant bioactive ingredients, at present, isolated from radix glycyrrhizae that chemistry is planted about 170 more
Composition, with triterpene compound, based on polysaccharide and flavonoids.Research shows that licorice extract has stronger bacteriostatic activity, energy
It is enough effectively to suppress cucumber fusarium axysporum germ mycelial growth and spore germination, it is novel plant source so as to suppress pathogen growth breeding
Effective source of agricultural chemicals.
Black false hellebore：Black false hellebore is also known as mountain green onion, belongs to Liliaceae Veratrum herbaceos perennial.Veratrum there are about more than 40
Kind, sub-, Europe and North America are distributed mainly on, the ground such as Shanxi, Henan, Sichuan are distributed widely in China.Black false hellebore contain alkaloid,
Stilbene compound, dipeptide, flavonoids and other class compounds, there is notable antifungic action.Research shows, black false hellebore flooding agent
In vitro to dermatophytes such as trichophyton, Trichophyton concentricum, microsporum ferrugineum, epidermophyton inguinales all
There is different degrees of inhibitory action；Black false hellebore also has to tulase to be acted on compared with high inhibition, and its emulsifiable paste has obvious external acaricidal action,
And scabies can be treated.But the research for being applied to disinfectant use in agriculture on black false hellebore is less.
Kuh-seng：Kuh-seng alias matrine, chuanshentong, careless Chinese scholartree, Chinese scholartree, be pulse family Sophora machaka, be common in sand ground, hillside,
Meadow, it is in all parts of the country widely distributed.The chemical composition of Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid is mainly alkaloid, the major class of flavones 2, and alkaloid is mainly
Matrine, oxymatrine, ammothamnine, sophocarpine, N-Oxysophocarpine etc.；Flavones is mainly flavanone and flavanone
Alcohols.Research shows that Radix Sophorae Flavescentis extractive liquid has stronger bacteriostatic activity, can effectively suppress cucumber fusarium axysporum germ spore and sprout
Hair, so as to suppress pathogen growth breeding.
Celery：Celery is that Umbelliferae is annual or biennial herb plant, nutritious, rich in protein, carbon hydrate
The nutriments such as thing, mineral matter and multivitamin.Research shows, celery seed, volatile matter, dry root, fresh quench and rhizosphere area thing
Water, ethanol, in three kinds of leaching liquors of acetone containing compounds such as abundant esters, acids, alcohols, phenols, ketone, ethers, can
By suppressing the cell wall degradation enzymatic activity of germ bacterium Activity of Protective Enzymes and secretion, germ activity in vivo oxygen is set largely to accumulate
Tired, cell membrane is destroyed, and pathogenicity weakens.
Molasses：Molasses are a kind of dark browns, in semifluid object, are the byproducts of sugar industry, contain a large amount of sugar, eggs
White matter and several mineral materials, vitamin, cellulose, amine etc., nutritive value enriches.China is Chan Tang big countries, and annual molasses are total
Supply reaches 300~4,000,000 tons.At present, molasses are mainly used as to the raw material of fermentation industry, production alcohol, monosodium glutamate both at home and abroad
With yeast etc., few researchs are applied in fertilizer industry.Molasses are used in fertilizer by the present invention, can be not only EM bacterium
Agent provides abundant nutrition, promotes fermentation, can also improve the physicochemical property of soil, increases micronutrient element, meanwhile, molasses with
Ecological environment compatibility is good, biodegradable, environmentally safe, nonhazardous, sugar byproduct is recycled again, can be with
Obtain preferable economic benefit.
Silicon dioxide gel：Silicon dioxide gel be silicon dioxide microparticle be dispersed in water or organic solvent in colloid it is molten
Liquid, there is even particle distribution, specific surface area big, shaping and into the feature such as membrane forces are strong, be often widely used in chemical machinery throwing
Many industrial circles such as light, catalyst carrier, refractory ceramic material, composite coating, adsorbent.The present invention is with silicon dioxide gel
For coating agent coating so that fertilizer has slow releasing function, fertilizer efficiency is discharged for a long time.
EM bacteria agent：EM bacteria agent is to belong to 80 multiple-microorganisms by actinomyces, photosynthetic bacteria, saccharomycete, der Pilz, lactic acid bacteria etc. 10
The effective microbe microbial inoculum that compound criteria forms, its validity are mainly reflected in various microorganisms caused by its growth course
Utility turns into the matrix and raw material grown each or mutually, and one is formed again by mutual this symbiosis Relationship With Proliferation
Miscellaneous and stable microecosystem.EM bacteria agent fermenting plant raw material is a large amount of first with its aerobic bacteria (saccharomycete, actinomyces etc.)
Breeding, anaerobic state is formed, condition is provided for anaerobic bacteria (lactic acid bacteria, cellulose-decomposing bacteria etc.) fast breeding, and reduce pH value, suppression
The growth of spoilage organisms processed and other harmful bacterias, so as to effectively shorten fermentation time, improve product quality.Secondly, EM bacterium are in soil
In easily live and reproduce, and can comparatively fast and stably occupy the ecologic niche in soil, form the advantage of beneficial microbial bacteria
Group, so as to control the breeding of pathogenic microorganism and invasion and attack to crop, it is the developing direction of the ecological agriculture, is more beneficial for agricultural
Sustainable development.
Soil modifier：The present invention is multiple by a certain percentage by inorganic material, organic materials, artificial synthesized material and plant
Match somebody with somebody, it is effective that gained soil conditioner can not only be effectively improved soil physical property, the water conservation soil conservation ability for strengthening soil and nutrient
Property, increase soil fertility, be also remarkably improved beneficial microbe and enzymatic activity in soil, suppress pathogenic microorganism, strengthen plant
Resistance.
A kind of preparation method for the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, comprises the following steps：
(1) marine alga, Enteromorpha, Mikania micrantha, radix glycyrrhizae, black false hellebore, kuh-seng, celery are weighed by weight, are crushed after mixing, are obtained medium-height grass
Medicine mixture；
(2) addition molasses, EM bacteria agent and suitable quantity of water into mixture of Chinese herbal medicines obtained by step (1), holding water content 40~
50%, stir, seal, 22~30d of anaerobic fermentation is carried out under normal temperature, during which every 3~5d turnings once, by what is fermented
Drying materials, crushing, obtain Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product；
(3) Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product obtained by step (2) are mixed with soil modifier, stirred, is made
Grain；
(4) hybrid particles of step (3) are added in fluid bed coating machine, control the fluid bed coating machine EAT to be
70~95 DEG C, it is in suspended state that import blast, which keeps particle, and silicon dioxide gel is heated into 50~55 DEG C, is then sprayed into mixing
Coating is carried out on particle, cooling screening produces the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of the present invention.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
1st, antipathogenic composition of the invention is Chinese herbal medicine, has stronger permeability, can be quickly to penetrate into germ thin
After birth is combined with endobacillary relevant enzyme, is suppressed the cell metabolism related to enzyme, so as to suppress pathogen growth breeding；Its
Secondary, medicinal herb componentses of the invention can also effectively suppress germ mycelial growth and spore germination, so as to suppress pathogen growth breeding；
2nd, the present invention using containing a variety of floras EM bacteria agent fermentation marine alga, Enteromorpha, Mikania micrantha, radix glycyrrhizae, black false hellebore, kuh-seng,
Celery, and molasses components are added, the nutrient content of fermentation raw material is effectively increased, so as to shorten fermentation time, and obtained hair
Ferment Fertilizer nutrient rich content, cucumber growth can be effectively facilitated, improve cucumber quality, improve cucumber yield；
3rd, the present invention compounds the Chinese herbal medicine after fermentation and soil modifier, then the fertilizer of sustained release is formed by coating, no
Only so that fertilizer has the function that synergy, promotes plant absorption nutrition and sustained release, it can also effectively suppress the increasing of cucumber fusarium axysporum opportunistic pathogen
Grow, eliminate pathogen and propagate, control morbidity scale and degree, realize the reparation and improvement to ecological environment of soil, avoid environment
Pollution.
Embodiment
In order to make the purpose , technical scheme and advantage of the present invention be clearer, with reference to embodiments, to the present invention
It is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present invention, it is not used to
Limit the present invention.
Embodiment 1
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, include the raw material of following weight parts：20 parts of marine alga, waterside
50 parts of tongue, 10 parts of Mikania micrantha, 1 part of radix glycyrrhizae, 10 parts of black false hellebore, 1 part of kuh-seng, 10 parts of celery, 12 parts of molasses, 3 parts of silicon dioxide gel,
8 parts of EM bacteria agent, 1 part of soil modifier.
Wherein, the soil modifier is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight：47 parts of bamboo charcoal, 9 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, nidus vespae
7 parts, 10 parts, green 8 parts of shell of pine wood sawdust, 4 parts of medical stone, 4 parts of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, 7 parts of green tea, 9 parts of watermelon peel, vinegar
2 parts of 1 part of, Jia Betel of slag, 5 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 9 parts of hairy grape stem.Preparation method is：It is ground into after Jia Betel, folium artemisiae argyi, hairy grape stem are mixed
Slurry, filtering, takes filtrate standby；Pulverized after pine wood sawdust, green shell, medical stone, aquatic products leftover bits and pieces are mixed, pour into institute
In the filtrate obtained, it is granulated after high temperature drying；Watermelon peel is dried, then is placed on bamboo charcoal and toasts together with nidus vespae, green tea
20min, then resulting material is crushed together with acid-sludge, mix, obtain mixed-powder；By the hybrid particles of gained and powder and remain
Excess material is well mixed.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, comprises the following steps：
(1) marine alga, Enteromorpha, Mikania micrantha, radix glycyrrhizae, black false hellebore, kuh-seng, celery are weighed by weight, are crushed after mixing, are obtained medium-height grass
Medicine mixture；
(2) molasses, EM bacteria agent and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture of Chinese herbal medicines obtained by step (1), keeps water content 40%,
Stir, seal, anaerobic fermentation 30d is carried out under normal temperature, during which every 3d turnings once, by the drying materials to have fermented, powder
It is broken, obtain Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product；
(3) Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product obtained by step (2) are mixed with soil modifier, stirred, is made
Grain；
(4) hybrid particles of step (3) are added in fluid bed coating machine, control the fluid bed coating machine EAT to be
70 DEG C, it is in suspended state that import blast, which keeps particle, and silicon dioxide gel is heated into 50 DEG C, it is enterprising to be then sprayed into hybrid particles
Row coating, cooling screening produce the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, include the raw material of following weight parts：50 parts of marine alga, waterside
30 parts of tongue, 6 parts of Mikania micrantha, 6 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 7 parts of black false hellebore, 7 parts of kuh-seng, 8 parts of celery, 9 parts of molasses, 5 parts of silicon dioxide gel, EM bacterium
5 parts of agent, 3 parts of soil modifier.
Wherein, the soil modifier is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight：49 parts of bamboo charcoal, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, nidus vespae
5 parts, 14 parts, green 5 parts of shell of pine wood sawdust, 6 parts of medical stone, 6 parts of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, 4 parts of green tea, 5 parts of watermelon peel, vinegar
4 parts of 3 parts of, Jia Betel of slag, 3 parts of folium artemisiae argyi, 6 parts of hairy grape stem.Preparation method is：It is ground into after Jia Betel, folium artemisiae argyi, hairy grape stem are mixed
Slurry, filtering, takes filtrate standby；Pulverized after pine wood sawdust, green shell, medical stone, aquatic products leftover bits and pieces are mixed, pour into institute
In the filtrate obtained, it is granulated after high temperature drying；Watermelon peel is dried, then is placed on bamboo charcoal and toasts together with nidus vespae, green tea
30min, then resulting material is crushed together with acid-sludge, mix, obtain mixed-powder；By the hybrid particles of gained and powder and remain
Excess material is well mixed.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, comprises the following steps：
(1) marine alga, Enteromorpha, Mikania micrantha, radix glycyrrhizae, black false hellebore, kuh-seng, celery are weighed by weight, are crushed after mixing, are obtained medium-height grass
Medicine mixture；
(2) molasses, EM bacteria agent and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture of Chinese herbal medicines obtained by step (1), keeps water content 45%,
Stir, seal, anaerobic fermentation 26d is carried out under normal temperature, during which every 4d turnings once, by the drying materials to have fermented, powder
It is broken, obtain Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product；
(3) Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product obtained by step (2) are mixed with soil modifier, stirred, is made
Grain；
(4) hybrid particles of step (3) are added in fluid bed coating machine, control the fluid bed coating machine EAT to be
85 DEG C, it is in suspended state that import blast, which keeps particle, and silicon dioxide gel is heated into 52 DEG C, it is enterprising to be then sprayed into hybrid particles
Row coating, cooling screening produce the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
A kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, include the raw material of following weight parts：70 parts of marine alga, waterside
10 parts of tongue, 1 part of Mikania micrantha, 10 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 1 part of black false hellebore, 10 parts of kuh-seng, 1 part of celery, 3 parts of molasses, 7 parts of silicon dioxide gel, EM
1 part of microbial inoculum, 5 parts of soil modifier.
Wherein, the soil modifier is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight：51 parts of bamboo charcoal, 5 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, nidus vespae
3 parts, 19 parts, green 3 parts of shell of pine wood sawdust, 10 parts of medical stone, 10 parts of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, 1 part of green tea, 3 parts of watermelon peel,
7 parts of 5 parts of, Jia Betel of acid-sludge, 1 part of folium artemisiae argyi, 2 parts of hairy grape stem.Preparation method is：Ground after Jia Betel, folium artemisiae argyi, hairy grape stem are mixed
Into slurry, filtering, take filtrate standby；Pulverize, pour into after pine wood sawdust, green shell, medical stone, aquatic products leftover bits and pieces are mixed
In the filtrate of gained, it is granulated after high temperature drying；Watermelon peel is dried, then is placed on bamboo charcoal and dries together with nidus vespae, green tea
Roasting 40min, then resulting material is crushed together with acid-sludge, mix, obtain mixed-powder；By the hybrid particles of gained and powder and
Leftover materials are well mixed.
A kind of preparation method of above-mentioned Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, comprises the following steps：
(1) marine alga, Enteromorpha, Mikania micrantha, radix glycyrrhizae, black false hellebore, kuh-seng, celery are weighed by weight, are crushed after mixing, are obtained medium-height grass
Medicine mixture；
(2) molasses, EM bacteria agent and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture of Chinese herbal medicines obtained by step (1), keeps water content 50%,
Stir, seal, anaerobic fermentation 22d is carried out under normal temperature, during which every 5d turnings once, by the drying materials to have fermented, powder
It is broken, obtain Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product；
(3) Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product obtained by step (2) are mixed with soil modifier, stirred, is made
Grain；
(4) hybrid particles of step (3) are added in fluid bed coating machine, control the fluid bed coating machine EAT to be
95 DEG C, it is in suspended state that import blast, which keeps particle, and silicon dioxide gel is heated into 55 DEG C, it is enterprising to be then sprayed into hybrid particles
Row coating, cooling screening produce the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of the present invention.
Test example 1
A kind of inhibitory action of the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum of the present invention to cucumber fusarium axysporum
Subjects：Cucumber fusarium axysporum Fusarium oxysporum (Fusarium oxysporium f.sp.cucumeris).
Test specimen：Test group：Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3；Blank control group：Clearly
Water；With reference to control group：50% carbendazim wettable powder.
Test method：Test specimen is diluted to 30,100,200,400 times with aseptic deionized water, is added to quantitative
It is cooled to after sterilizing in 50 DEG C or so of PDA culture medium, fully shakes up, drug containing flat board is made, often processing is repeated 3 times.Use diameter
5mm card punch, which is beaten, takes well-grown stem, and stem mycelia is inoculated in into drug containing flat board center downwards, is placed in 28 DEG C of constant temperature
Culture, mycelial growth situation is observed daily, colony diameter is measured after ware is covered with blank control, calculate mycelial growth inhibition rate.
Calculation formula is as follows：
Bacteriostasis rate (%)=[(blank control colony diameter-processing colony diameter)/(blank control colony diameter -5)] ×
100%
Measurement result：Testing result is as shown in table 1 below.
Inhibitory action of the table 1 to cucumber fusarium axysporum Fusarium oxysporum
As shown in Table 1, a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 is dilute
When releasing to 30 times, 100 times, 200 times, 100% is reached to the bacteriostasis rate of cucumber fusarium axysporum Fusarium oxysporum.When being diluted to
At 400 times, Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer bacteriostasis rate prepared by embodiment 1~3 improves compared with reference pair according to (50% carbendazim) respectively
6.82%th, 8.21%, 7.28%.
Said determination result shows that Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of the invention has extremely strong external suppression to cucumber fusarium axysporum
Make and use, fungistatic effect is notable.
Test example 2
A kind of field test of the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum of the present invention
Test kind：The close thorn in Xintai City.
Test specimen：Test group：Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3；Control group：Common city
Sell chemical fertilizer.
Test method：Experiment is carried out in heliogreenhouse, and using randomized complete-block design, every piece of experimental plot area is
3.5m2.Experiment sets 4 processing altogether, each handles 3 repetitions.Processing 1 is common commercially available chemical fertilizer, and processing 2~4 is respectively this hair
Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer prepared by bright embodiment 1~3.Before specifically fertilizing method is green cucumber, fertilizer is pressed into every mu of 250kg
Dose equably spread fertilizer over the fields in earth's surface, then turn over and bury, respectively fertilising is once by fertilizer requirement at seedling mid-term and strain initial stage.Examination
It is consistent to test the conditions such as field others base manure, top dressing, irrigation and other field management.
Harvest and sample in the cucumber best fruiting period, every group simultaneously takes it using the 5 points of samplings of " Z " font, every 6 plants of random searching cucumber
Rhizosphere Soil, cucumber fusarium axysporum quantity is recorded, calculate preventing and treating droop effect, and determine each processing cucumber yield (single melon weight, sugar-preserved gourd
Number and single plant yield), quality (soluble sugar content, Vitamin C content and soluble protein content), rhizosphere soil bacterium and true
Flora falls genetic diversity index (diversity index, aromatic diversity indices, evenness index).
Specific assay method：Soluble sugar uses anthrone colorimetry；Vitamin C uses 2,6- dichloroindophenol titrations；Can
Dissolubility albumen uses Coomassie brilliant G-250 decoration method；Rhizosphere soil bacterium and fungal colonization genetic diversity index use
RAPD molecular labelings (random amplified polymorphic DNA analysis) method.
Calculation formula is as follows：
The incidence of disease (%)=(diseased plant number/investigation total strain number) × 100%；
Prevention effect (%)=[(the control group incidence of disease-treatment group the incidence of disease)/control group incidence of disease] × 100%；
Diversity index (S)：The quantity representative bacterium of the RAPD of amplification band and true mattress community DNA sequence it is abundant
Degree；
Aromatic diversity indices (H)=- ∑ Pi Ln Pi=- ∑s (Ni/N) Ln (Ni/N), Pi is that i-th RAPD bars are taken out of
Existing probability, Ni are the amplification amount of i-th RAPD bands, and N is the amplification total amount (N of soil microbial community DNA RAPD bands
=∑ Ni)；
Evenness index (E)=H/Ln S, H is aromatic diversity indices, and S is community DNA sequence diversity index, and H is most
Small value is 0, and maximum is Ln S.
1st, to the influence of the cucumber fusarium axysporum incidence of disease and prevention effect
Influence of the table 2 to the cucumber fusarium axysporum incidence of disease and prevention effect
As shown in Table 2, compared with common commercially available chemical fertilizer, the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer hair prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3
Sick rate is below 8.4%, and prevention effect more than 86.0%, prevent by the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer wherein prepared by embodiment 2
Control effect and reach 100%.
Said determination result shows that the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 can effectively anti-Yellow River harnessing
The generation of cucurbit wilt.
2nd, to the influence of cucumber yield and quality
Influence of the table 3 to cucumber yield and quality
As shown in Table 3, the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 can effectively improve cucumber yield
And quality, wherein, the action effect of embodiment 2 is optimal, made using the embodiment of the present invention 2 compared with compareing common commercially available chemical fertilizer
Standby Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer makes cucumber list melon weight, sugar-preserved gourd number and single plant yield be respectively increased 21.77%, 44.64%,
38.86%, cucumber soluble sugar content, Vitamin C content and soluble protein content are respectively increased 43.14%, 36.81%,
46.67%.
3rd, to the influence of rhizosphere soil bacterium and fungal colonization genetic diversity index
Influence of the table 4 to rhizosphere soil bacterium and fungal colonization genetic diversity index
Soil microbial community diversity refers to the value volume and range of product of the microbial population in group, the uniformity and rich of kind
Fu Du, and the distribution situation of kind.Biodiversity index, diversity index and evenness index are often used as commenting
One of a certain biological community structure of valency and the leading indicator of diversity change.Soil microbial community diversity is to maintain soil
The important component of earth health status, it is considered to be improve the main drive that soil presses down sick ability.Edaphon structure
More stable, diversity is abundanter, and species distribution is more uniform, stronger to pathogen antagonistic ability.
As shown in Table 4, the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 can effectively improve rhizosphere soil
Bacterial community genetic diversity index, rhizosphere soil fungal colonization genetic diversity index is reduced, wherein, the effect effect of embodiment 2
Fruit is optimal, compared with compareing common commercially available chemical fertilizer, makes bacterium rich using the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 2
Richness index, aromatic diversity indices, evenness index increase by 39.38%, 9.34%, 21.33% respectively, and fungi richness refers to
Several, aromatic diversity indices, evenness index reduce by 27.56%, 11.16%, 32.79% respectively.
Said determination result shows that the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer prepared by the embodiment of the present invention 1~3 is advantageous to cucumber rhizosphere
Healthy soil bacteria, the structure of fungal community, so as to suppress the growth and breeding of pathogen, improve rhizosphere soil Tiny ecosystem ring
Border, promote cucumber healthy growth.
Claims (8)
- A kind of 1. Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum, it is characterised in that the raw material including following weight parts：Sea 20~70 parts of algae, 10~50 parts of Enteromorpha, 1~10 part of Mikania micrantha, 1~10 part of radix glycyrrhizae, 1~10 part of black false hellebore, 1~10 part of kuh-seng, west 1~10 part of celery.
- 2. a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including under State the raw material of parts by weight：50 parts of marine alga, 30 parts of Enteromorpha, 6 parts of Mikania micrantha, 6 parts of radix glycyrrhizae, 7 parts of black false hellebore, 7 parts of kuh-seng, 8 parts of celery.
- 3. a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum according to claim 2, it is characterised in that also include The raw material of following weight parts：3~12 parts of molasses, 3~7 parts of silicon dioxide gel, 1~8 part of EM bacteria agent, soil modifier 1~5 Part.
- 4. a kind of Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum according to claim 3, it is characterised in that including under State the raw material of parts by weight：9 parts of molasses, 5 parts of silicon dioxide gel, 5 parts of EM bacteria agent, 3 parts of soil modifier.
- A kind of 5. Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the soil Earth modifying agent is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight：47~51 parts of bamboo charcoal, 5~9 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 3~7 parts of nidus vespae, pine 10~19 parts, green 3~8 parts of shell of sawdust, 4~10 parts of medical stone, 4~10 parts of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, 1~7 part of green tea, west 3~9 parts of melon skin, 2~7 parts of 1~5 part of, Jia Betel of acid-sludge, 1~5 part of folium artemisiae argyi, 2~9 parts of hairy grape stem.
- A kind of 6. Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the soil Earth modifying agent is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight：It is 49 parts of bamboo charcoal, 7 parts of polyvinyl alcohol, 5 parts of nidus vespae, 14 parts of pine wood sawdust, green 5 parts of root shell, 6 parts of medical stone, 6 parts of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, 4 parts of green tea, 5 parts of watermelon peel, acid-sludge 4 parts of 3 parts of, Jia Betel, folium artemisiae argyis 3 Part, 6 parts of hairy grape stem.
- A kind of 7. Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer for preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the soil Earth preparation method for modifier is：Slurry is ground into after Jia Betel, folium artemisiae argyi, hairy grape stem are mixed, filters, takes filtrate standby；By pine Pulverize, poured into the filtrate of gained after sawdust, green shell, medical stone, the mixing of aquatic products leftover bits and pieces, made after high temperature drying Grain；Watermelon peel is dried, then is placed on together with nidus vespae, green tea 20~40min of baking on bamboo charcoal, then by resulting material with Acid-sludge crushes together, mixing, obtains mixed-powder；The hybrid particles of gained and powder and leftover materials are well mixed.
- A kind of a kind of 8. preparation of the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of preventing and treating cucumber fusarium axysporum as described in any one of claim 1~7 Method, comprise the following steps：(1) marine alga, Enteromorpha, Mikania micrantha, radix glycyrrhizae, black false hellebore, kuh-seng, celery are weighed by weight, is crushed after mixing, are obtained Chinese herbal medicine and are mixed Compound；(2) molasses, EM bacteria agent and suitable quantity of water are added into mixture of Chinese herbal medicines obtained by step (1), keeps water content 40~50%, Stir, seal, 22~30d of anaerobic fermentation, during which every 3~5d turnings once, the material that will have been fermented are carried out under normal temperature Drying, crush, obtain Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product；(3) Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer semi-finished product obtained by step (2) are mixed with soil modifier, stirs, particle is made；(4) hybrid particles of step (3) are added in fluid bed coating machine, control fluid bed coating machine EAT for 70~ 95 DEG C, it is in suspended state that import blast, which keeps particle, and silicon dioxide gel is heated into 50~55 DEG C, is then sprayed into hybrid particles Upper carry out coating, cooling screening produce the Chinese herbal medicine fermentation fertilizer of the present invention.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108383562A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-08-10 | 亳州市五谷源生物有机肥有限公司 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof containing Chinese medicine dreg |
| CN108863464A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-11-23 | 广西百乐德农业投资有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for improveing citrus Orchard Soil |
| CN112250520A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 湖北中向生物工程有限公司 | Acid soil remediation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof |
| CN114181017A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-15 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Composition for relieving angelica sinensis continuous cropping obstacle and preparation method and application thereof |
Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105503378A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽亚环生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for cucumbers and preparation method thereof |
-
2017
- 2017-08-21 CN CN201710722803.1A patent/CN107382511A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105503378A (en) * | 2015-12-08 | 2016-04-20 | 安徽亚环生物科技有限公司 | Organic fertilizer for cucumbers and preparation method thereof |
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108383562A (en) * | 2018-04-16 | 2018-08-10 | 亳州市五谷源生物有机肥有限公司 | A kind of biological organic fertilizer and preparation method thereof containing Chinese medicine dreg |
| CN108863464A (en) * | 2018-09-30 | 2018-11-23 | 广西百乐德农业投资有限公司 | A kind of fertilizer and preparation method thereof for improveing citrus Orchard Soil |
| CN112250520A (en) * | 2020-10-16 | 2021-01-22 | 湖北中向生物工程有限公司 | Acid soil remediation microbial inoculum and preparation method thereof |
| CN114181017A (en) * | 2021-12-15 | 2022-03-15 | 北京嘉博文生物科技有限公司 | Composition for relieving angelica sinensis continuous cropping obstacle and preparation method and application thereof |
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