CN102486404A - Ultraviolet low-light star equal simulation and star equal calibration system - Google Patents
Ultraviolet low-light star equal simulation and star equal calibration system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an ultraviolet low-light star and other simulation and star and other calibration system, which comprises a light source system, an off-axis three-anti-parallel light tube, a star point plate and a low-light PMT test unit, wherein the off-axis three-anti-parallel light tube is connected with the star point plate; the collimator is arranged on an emergent light path of the light source system, the star point plate is arranged on a focal plane of the collimator, and the weak light PMT test unit is arranged at an outlet of the collimator. According to the dim light ultraviolet star simulation calibration system, the star point plate is directly arranged at the light source, so that a dim light star and the like can be simulated to a bright light star and the like, and a large dynamic simulation range of the star and the like is met; meanwhile, a weak light PMT test unit is arranged at the outlet of the collimator tube, so that the irradiance of output light can be tested in real time, and the star of the emergent light can be calibrated.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of camera optics system performance index and magnitude scale fixed system, relate in particular to a kind of ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulated calibration system.
Background technology
In moon base astronomical sight, change in the brightness of near ultraviolet band in order to observe various celestial bodies, need a kind of ultraviolet astronomical observation camera of development, this observation camera has high sensitivity low light level ultraviolet detection performance.The detectivity of high sensitivity celestial body observation camera is all in 8 grades more than the star, but the illumination of 8 stars such as grade is very low, does not have the corresponding standard measuring equipment, is difficult to demarcate with conventional method.At present domestic visible light detecting camera is everlasting in the remote mountains away from the city; Fixed star to internationally recognized known magnitude carries out the field shooting; And gather relevant magnitude data and take back the laboratory; Through Flame Image Process star simulator is adjusted and calibrated again, other star trackers are calibrated with the star simulator that adjustment was calibrated.In this process; When gathering magnitude data in the outfield, receive the influence of natural conditions very big, sometimes because of the weather reason with the detection camera; Image data needs to wait for continuously also to differ in tens days and obtains surely that desirable satisfied to collect this test be to be used for the observation of deep space ultraviolet magnitude in the outfield; And atmosphere is very serious to the absorption of ultraviolet spectrum, if directly on the ground the ultraviolet celestial body is taken with camera, then is difficult to photograph higher magnitude; Meanwhile, the measuring accuracy of atmospheric density, the uncertainty of atmospheric transmittance all can cause the variation of spectral information, and the influence of astronomical bias light etc. all influences the stability of photodetector index measurement inevitably.Therefore ultraviolet low light level celestial body becomes a kind of inevitable choices of canyon target decided at the higher level but not officially announced such as moonscope camera in the research department.In addition, the domestic cover standard magnitude simulation system of having developed, this system is mainly used in visible light magnitude calibration usefulness, and the dynamic magnitude simulation context of this system little (6～14 star such as grade), the magnitude size that can't directly demarcate emergent light; This star simulator test bore is less simultaneously, can not accomplish the magnitude calibration of ultraviolet low light level heavy caliber camera, therefore needs a kind of magnitude simulated calibration system that is used for heavy caliber ultraviolet low light level magnitude calibration usefulness of development.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve existing technical matters in the background technology, the present invention proposes a kind of low light level ultraviolet star simulated calibration system, at the light source place star tester is installed directly, can simulate the high light magnitude from low light level magnitude, satisfy very big magnitude dynamic similation scope; Be provided with low light level PMT test cell simultaneously in the parallel light tube exit, can export the irradiance of light by real-time testing, thereby can calibrate the magnitude of emergent light.
Technical solution of the present invention is: simulation of a kind of ultraviolet low light level magnitude and magnitude scale fixed system, and its special character is: said simulated calibration system comprises light-source system, from axle three antiparallel light pipes, star tester and low light level PMT test cell; Said parallel light tube is arranged on the emitting light path of light-source system, and said star tester is arranged on the focal plane place of parallel light tube, and said low light level PMT test cell is arranged on the exit of parallel light tube.
Above-mentioned light-source system comprises xenon lamp, ultraviolet light integrating sphere, plane mirror, first iris and second iris; Said ultraviolet light integrating sphere is arranged between xenon lamp and the parallel light tube; Said plane mirror is arranged on the emitting light path of ultraviolet light integrating sphere inner light source, and said first iris is arranged between xenon lamp and the ultraviolet light integrating sphere; Said second iris is arranged between outlet of ultraviolet light integrating sphere and the parallel light tube.
Above-mentioned parallel light tube is the three-reflection optical structure that leaves of bore Ф 500mm, focal length 5M.
Above-mentioned emitting light path from axle three antiparallel light pipes is provided with reflecting system, and said reflecting system comprises three mirrors, secondary mirror and primary mirror; Said primary mirror is arranged on the emitting light path of axle three antiparallel light pipes, and said three mirrors are provided with on the emitting light path of focal plane, and said secondary mirror is arranged on the reflected light path between primary mirror and three mirrors.
Comprise diaphragm for eliminating stray light in the above-mentioned parallel light tube, said diaphragm for eliminating stray light is arranged on the rear side of star tester.
Be provided with the ultraviolet optics optical filter between above-mentioned ultraviolet light integrating sphere and the parallel light tube.
Above-mentioned star tester is the 0.02mm asterism.
Above-mentioned ultraviolet light integrating sphere inside coating is the Specpralon material.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1) magnitude simulated calibration of the present invention system directly is equipped with star tester at the light source place, can simulate the high light magnitude from low light level magnitude, has very big magnitude dynamic similation scope (3～16 star such as grade);
2) light source of the present invention utilizes the characteristics of luminescence of xenon lamp; Adopt the ultraviolet light integrating sphere of special material development; What the integrating sphere inside coating adopted is the high reflective coating of ultraviolet that high temperature resistance comes off, and has improved the reflectivity and the radiation uniformity of light of luminous energy greatly;
3) star simulator of the present invention system; Utilize the electric variable diaphragm can make the minimum subdivision accuracy of light energy output reach the resolution requirement of corresponding 16 stars such as grade; So when hanging down magnitude, can realize the magnitude segmentation (can realize the segmentation of 0.02 star such as grade when 15 stars such as grade are following) of littler precision, have high magnitude simulation precision;
4) star simulator of the present invention system; What adopt is from axle three antiparallel light pipes, and full spectral reflectance has ultraviolet, visible, the general optical property of infrared light pipe; It has bigger output bore (Ф 500mm) simultaneously, can satisfy more space flight and survey the multispectral calibration test of camera;
5) the present invention has real-time low light level magnitude calibration function, through self check parallel light tube light energy output irradiance, comes the directly relation of calculating outgoing light irradiance and corresponding magnitude grade, has solved the difficult problem that the domestic magnitude of the low light level in the past can't directly be calibrated.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
1-light source, 2-are from axle three antiparallel light pipes, 3-control module, 4-low light level PMT test cell, 11-xenon lamp, 12-first iris, 13-ball inner plane catoptron, 14-ultraviolet light integrating sphere, 15-second iris, 16-ultraviolet optics optical filter, 21-primary mirror, 22-secondary mirror, 23-three mirrors, 24-star tester, 25-diaphragm for eliminating stray light;
Embodiment
Referring to Fig. 1, ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulated calibration of the present invention system comprises light source 1, parallel light tube 2, control module 3, low light level PMT test cell 4; Light source 1 comprises xenon lamp 11, first iris 12, ball inner plane catoptron 13, ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14, second iris 15, ultraviolet optics optical filter 16, be arranged on the star tester 24 on the emitting light path of ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14; First iris 12 is arranged between ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14 and the xenon lamp 11, and second iris 15 is arranged between 14 outlets of ultraviolet light integrating sphere and the ultraviolet optics optical filter 16; First iris 12 is manual, and second iris 15 is electronic; Parallel light tube 2 is from axle three reflecting systems, comprises primary mirror 21, secondary mirror 22, three mirrors 23; Three mirrors 23 are arranged on the emitting light path of ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14, star tester 24; Diaphragm for eliminating stray light 25 is arranged on star tester 24 rear sides, leaves in the axle three antiparallel light pipes 2, and secondary mirror 22 is on the emitting light path of three mirrors 23, and primary mirror 21 is arranged on the emitting light path of secondary mirror 22; Low light level PMT test cell 4 is arranged near the outlet of axle three antiparallel light pipes 2.Control module 3 is that ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14 and low light level PMT test cell 4 connect, and controls the brightness of output spectrum spoke through the size of Control Software adjustment integrating sphere iris VA.
After the ultraviolet light that xenon lamp 1 sends is decayed through first iris 12; Arrive ball inner plane catoptron 13; Through getting into ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14 inwalls after the total reflection,, arrive second iris 15 through after the diffuse reflection repeatedly; After the spectrum correction through the decay of second iris 15 and ultraviolet optics optical filter 16, send uniform ultraviolet spectrum at last; At this moment; A star tester 24 is placed at focal plane place from axle three antiparallel light pipes 2; Asterism hole on the bright star tester 24 of the illumination in ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14 exits; Then sending a branch of directional light, facing to looking, as starlight radiation from infinite distant place from axle three antiparallel light pipes 2 from axle three antiparallel light pipes 2 exits; Demarcate the magnitude grade of emergent light at last through low light level PMT test cell 4, principle of work and magnitude that the present invention utilizes above-mentioned system to simulate the ultraviolet star simulator are just demarcated, and concrete principle of work is following:
Xenon lamp 1 mainly provides the spectrum of high brightness ultraviolet wavelength, and the brightness of spectrum will reach the brightness of output spoke greater than 250W/m
2Gsr through revising the effect of optical filter, can simulate the radiant light curve of spectrum that spectral range meets design requirement.But the effect of first iris 12 is to make xenon lamp 1 luminous energy get into the 14 back brightness coarse adjustment of ultraviolet light integrating sphere; Cooperate second iris, 15 (VA; Can segment), make like this optical radiation brightness in ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14 exits satisfy to simulate the requirement of magnitude illumination dynamic change.The main effect of ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14 provides surface uniformity and angle homogeneity (angle of divergence ± 20 °), and performance is superior to 99% uniform source of light like this.In order directly to monitor out emergent light spectral characteristics of radiation and irradiance value from axle three antiparallel light pipes 2; Near 2 outlets of axle three antiparallel light pipes, adopting low light level PMT test cell 4 real-time monitoring output spectrum irradiance to change; Near exporting from axle three antiparallel light pipes 2, utilize low light level PMT test cell 4 accurately to measure from axle three antiparallel light pipes 2 exits and beat the spectral irradiance on the PMT detector, low light level PMT test cell 4 is provided with PMT detector and photon counter.Thereby can accurately calculate asterism through magnitude grade, thereby solve the difficult problem that star simulation system low light level magnitude is demarcated from axle three antiparallel light pipes 2 back emergent lights.What star tester 24 adopted is the 0.02mm asterism, and what leave 2 employings of axle three antiparallel light pipes is the 5m parallel light tube, can simulate the target magnitude through Theoretical Calculation.Control module 3 is made up of the computing machine that comprises VA Control Software, curve of spectrum acquisition software, mainly is to cooperate second iris 15 to accomplish the dynamic adjustment of ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14 outlet spoke brightness, and wherein spoke brightness regulation scope is 200W/m
2Gsr:1.0 * 10
-4W/m
2Gsr; For the irradiance that makes the star simulator emergent light can be sub-divided into 0.2 star such as grade, promptly magnitude resolution is 0.2 star such as grade, then need make the spoke brightness gain of ultraviolet light integrating sphere 14 emergent lights can be sub-divided into 1.0 * 10
-4W/m
2/ sr (through Theoretical Calculation, this result can satisfy the requirement of 0.2 resolution such as star such as grade).For this reason, need the low light level PMT test cell 4 and second iris 15 to unite use, reach adjustment precision purpose.
Because the irradiance of domestic 10～16 stars such as grade has no testing apparatus can directly measure at present, all is the demarcation that realizes magnitude through indirect test.The general spoke brightness of adopting 14 outlets of indirectly testing ultraviolet light integrating sphere, utilize following computing formula indirect calculation to go out the emergent light simulation magnitude level from axle three antiparallel light pipes 2:
D is the size in star tester asterism hole in the formula, and f ' is the focal length of parallel light tube, and L is the spoke brightness of integrating sphere outlet, and τ is the reflectivity of parallel light tube.This method is owing to affected by environment and test error influence bigger; So can not accurately test to the demarcation of low light level magnitude; And the low light level PMT test cell 4 that the present invention adopted can directly be demarcated emergent light magnitude grade, has solved the difficult problem that domestic low light level magnitude is accurately demarcated.
Star simulator of the present invention system is used for simulating 3～16 irradiance such as continually varying such as star such as grade; Satisfy of the requirement of month base observation camera Calibration with 3～15 stars such as grade; The present invention also can be used for testing the optical property index that month base is surveyed camera and other cameras, like optical indexes such as focal length, visual field, distortion, blur circles.
Claims (8)
1. ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulation and magnitude scale fixed system is characterized in that: said simulated calibration system comprises light-source system, from axle three antiparallel light pipes, star tester and low light level PMT test cell; Said parallel light tube is arranged on the emitting light path of light-source system, and said star tester is arranged on the focal plane place of parallel light tube, and said low light level PMT test cell is arranged on the exit of parallel light tube.
2. ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulation according to claim 1 and magnitude scale fixed system, it is characterized in that: said light-source system comprises xenon lamp, ultraviolet light integrating sphere, plane mirror, first iris and second iris; Said ultraviolet light integrating sphere is arranged between xenon lamp and the parallel light tube; Said plane mirror is arranged on the emitting light path of ultraviolet light integrating sphere inner light source, and said first iris is arranged between xenon lamp and the ultraviolet light integrating sphere; Said second iris is arranged between outlet of ultraviolet light integrating sphere and the parallel light tube.
3. ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulation according to claim 2 and magnitude scale fixed system is characterized in that: said parallel light tube is the three-reflection optical structure that leaves of bore Ф 500mm, focal length 5M.
4. ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulation according to claim 4 and magnitude scale fixed system is characterized in that: said emitting light path from axle three antiparallel light pipes is provided with reflecting system, and said reflecting system comprises three mirrors, secondary mirror and primary mirror; Said primary mirror is arranged on the emitting light path of axle three antiparallel light pipes, and said three mirrors are provided with on the emitting light path of focal plane, and said secondary mirror is arranged on the reflected light path between primary mirror and three mirrors.
5. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 or 4 described ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulation and magnitude scale fixed systems, it is characterized in that: comprise diaphragm for eliminating stray light in the said parallel light tube, said diaphragm for eliminating stray light is arranged on the rear side of star tester.
6. ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulation according to claim 5 and magnitude scale fixed system is characterized in that: be provided with the ultraviolet optics optical filter between said ultraviolet light integrating sphere and the parallel light tube.
7. ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulation according to claim 6 and magnitude scale fixed system, it is characterized in that: said star tester is the 0.02mm asterism.
8. ultraviolet low light level magnitude simulation according to claim 7 and magnitude scale fixed system, it is characterized in that: said ultraviolet light integrating sphere inwall is the coating of Specpralon material.
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| CN102917243A (en) * | 2012-10-22 | 2013-02-06 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Color image quality evaluation and detection system of space camera |
| CN103913292A (en) * | 2012-12-28 | 2014-07-09 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Target simulation method and device |
| CN104331888A (en) * | 2014-10-30 | 2015-02-04 | 西北工业大学 | Least square fit based star magnitude calibration method |
| CN104902153A (en) * | 2015-05-25 | 2015-09-09 | 北京空间机电研究所 | Color correction method for multi-spectrum cameras |
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