CN102749184A - Large-field-of-view stray light PST (particle swarm optimization) testing method and device - Google Patents
Large-field-of-view stray light PST (particle swarm optimization) testing method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN102749184A CN102749184A CN2012102329160A CN201210232916A CN102749184A CN 102749184 A CN102749184 A CN 102749184A CN 2012102329160 A CN2012102329160 A CN 2012102329160A CN 201210232916 A CN201210232916 A CN 201210232916A CN 102749184 A CN102749184 A CN 102749184A
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Abstract
A large-field-of-view stray light PST test method and a device thereof comprise a large-dynamic-range light source, a collimator, a clean room, a high-load turntable, an EMCCD and a data acquisition and processing system; the collimator is arranged on the emergent light path of the large dynamic range light source; the EMCCD is arranged on the high-load turntable and is electrically connected with the data acquisition and processing system; the large dynamic range light source is electrically connected with the data acquisition and processing system; the high-load rotary table is arranged on an emergent light path passing through the collimator; the large dynamic range light source, the collimator, the high-load turntable, the EMCCD and the data acquisition and processing system are arranged in the clean room. The invention provides a PST (stray light test) method and device for the stray light of a large view field with ultra-large view field and high precision, which can effectively check the stray light inhibition capability of a light shield of an aerospace camera on the ground, estimate the signal-to-noise ratio of the whole aerospace camera, and ensure that the aerospace camera can clearly image after being transmitted for the day.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to optical field; The method of testing and the device that relate to parasitic light inhibition ability outside a kind of optical system visual field; Relate in particular to a kind of all kinds of optical cameras examination to its parasitic light inhibition ability before the ray machine butt joint that is mainly used in; Especially in the performance test of target detection class camera before emission a little less than the space flight, guaranteed the butt joint of camera ray machine and launch successfully after can blur-free imaging the big visual field parasitic light PST method of testing and the device of purpose.
Background technology
In recent years, along with high sensitivity, the development of low detection threshold detector has had higher requirement to the inhibition of Space Optical System parasitic light, and this just requires the parasitic light measuring system that higher precision is arranged.
Stray light emission is meant in the optical system and is spread in detector (or imaging) lip-deep other non-target (or non-imaging) light radiation ability except target (or imaging light), and arrives the target light beta radiation ability of detector through improper light path.Spaceborne various camera is operated in the rugged surroundings that the intense radiation source is arranged outside the system visual field mostly; Simultaneously; The detected target signal is very faint again; These strong veiling glare radiation usually exceed several magnitude than institute's detection of a target radiation intensity, and through the diffraction in optical system aperture, and the scattering of structure and optical element surface, reflection arrive image planes detector formation parasitic light.The reason that it produces is intricate; Not only relevant with technology, the material of making optical system, also relevant with aberration characteristic, diffraction phenomena, target signature, it obviously reduces camera contrast and modulation transfer function; Whole image planes level reduces; Sharpness degenerates, even forms the veiling glare spot, when serious echo signal is flooded fully by the stray light emission noise.
Parasitic light is one of principal element that influences optical system imaging, and it brightens the detector face background, causes image planes contrast and modulation transfer function to descend, and system signal noise ratio reduces, thereby influence image definition, in the time of seriously even can make thrashing.The outer parasitic light method of testing in the visual field of research is that to survey a type camera with space flight at the high picture element of rail be background, launches that parasitic light inhibition ability calibration technology is studied on ground to camera space.Behind present numerous space flight optics load Heaven, the image quality decrease that all exists the parasitic light problem to bring will directly reduce its transport function like this, influence image quality.
The reason that parasitic light produces mainly contains 3: the scattering of optical system visual field external radiation, optical system internal radiation and imaging light.What the conventional optical systems parasitic light was measured generally use is the blackspot method of testing with integrating sphere after the integral coating.This method of testing can only be verified the stray light emission of target source through producing after the optical system, yet receives the stray light emission that other radiation sources produce outside the visual field for space flight high sensitivity detection class phase chance, and the target contrast that causes descends.Such as; The intense radiation of bright object outside the visual field (sun, the moon, atmosphere system etc.) produces the ground unrest radiation with the parasitic light form on detector after the camera optics system; Influence the detectivity of camera optics system, therefore must study the inhibition problem of parasitic light outside the optical system visual field.Point source transmitance PST (Point Source Transmittance) is an optical system veiling glare index science, detectable, and it has been widely used in design and has estimated high-sensitive target detection system, and has obtained good result.
At present; In the development of various camera spaces; Common parasitic light method of testing or be exactly parasitic light coefficient test in the blackspot method visual field; Be exactly small-bore, small field of view PST test, though these method of testings in the past can satisfy corresponding the use to a certain extent, yet for high sensitivity, diffraction limit level camera; That method of testing in the past seems is less with regard to test specification, measuring accuracy is too low, and parasitic light suppresses the capacity reliability assessment outside the visual field of this type camera thereby can not satisfy.
In the past PST test macro adopts all be high sensitivity PMT detector as receiver, laser instrument is accomplished test as light source; If adopt PMT as detector; Because himself dynamic range when the single photon magnitude is surveyed is less; Often adopt the attenuator group to carry out optical energy attenuation, yet adopt the attenuator group can make luminous energy produce the measuring error that repeatedly reflects and cause in the attenuator component internal; PMT is when surveying faint light simultaneously, and its less stable tends to receive the influence of environment temperature and electromagnetic interference (EMI), and the defective that therefore has to the PMT detector should be studied other a kind of weak light detection method.In addition, if adopt laser instrument as light source, though can obtain higher outgoing luminous energy, in different polychromatic light cameras tests, it is consistent with service condition then can not to satisfy test condition, and luminous energy linear regulation in real time, promptly the light energy output dynamic range is little; Meanwhile, the use of this superpower laser tends to make parallel light tube primary mirror glass surface burn.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the above-mentioned technical matters that exists in the background technology, the invention provides a kind of can be effectively examine, the machine-noise ratio of camera is estimated, can be guaranteed in the face of the parasitic light inhibition ability of camera space light shield on ground after camera space is launched successfully can blur-free imaging and have ultra-large vision field and high-precision big visual field parasitic light PST method of testing and device.
Technical solution of the present invention is: the invention provides a kind of big visual field parasitic light PST method of testing, its special character is: said method comprising the steps of:
When 1) the collection point target is without optical system to be measured at the responsiveness E of entrance pupil place illumination
o
2) install and adjust the position of optical system to be measured, the responsiveness E that the collection point target produces at the image planes place of optical system to be measured during by parasitic light irradiation in different field positions through optical system to be measured
d(θ);
3) calculating optical system to be measured field angle outside the visual field according to formula
is PST (θ) value of θ.
The proving installation of a kind of big visual field parasitic light PST method of testing, its special character is: said proving installation comprises great dynamic range light source, parallel light tube, toilet, is used to adjust high capacity turntable, EMCCD and data acquisition and the disposal system of the different off-axis angles of optical system to be measured; Said parallel light tube is arranged on the emitting light path of great dynamic range light source; Said EMCCD is arranged on the high capacity turntable and with data acquisition and disposal system and is electrical connected; Said great dynamic range light source and data acquisition and disposal system are electrical connected; Said high capacity turntable is arranged on the emitting light path behind the parallel light tube; Said great dynamic range light source, parallel light tube, high capacity turntable, EMCCD and data acquisition and disposal system are arranged on inside, toilet.
Above-mentioned great dynamic range light source comprises integrating sphere, xenon lamp, iris and brightness detector; Said xenon lamp is arranged on integrating sphere inside; The inwall of said integrating sphere is provided with light source inlet and light source outlet; Said light source porch is provided with iris; Said light source exit is provided with brightness detector.
Above-mentioned big visual field parasitic light PST proving installation also comprises chopper and digital lock-in amplifier; Said chopper is arranged on the emitting light path of great dynamic range light source; Said EMCCD links to each other with chopper through digital lock-in amplifier; Said data acquisition and disposal system are electrical connected with chopper and digital lock-in amplifier respectively.
Above-mentioned big visual field parasitic light PST proving installation also comprises and is used to eliminate and reduces environment parasitic light that the outlet reflected light of optical system to be measured the causes twin columns jar to target source parasitic light tests affect; It is inner that said EMCCD and optical system to be measured are arranged on the twin columns jar.
Above-mentioned big visual field parasitic light PST proving installation comprises that also cover is connected to optical system to be measured and is used to suppress the eliminate stray light light shield that parasitic light is treated the optical property influence of photometry system, and it is inner that said eliminate stray light light shield is arranged on the twin columns jar.
Above-mentioned toilet is not less than 100 grades toilet.
Above-mentioned parallel light tube is from the axle parallel light tube.
Advantage of the present invention is:
The present invention has analyzed back, camera space Heaven because the problem that parasitic light brought outside the visual field; In conjunction with parasitic light test philosophy outside traditional blackspot method and the low precision visual field; A kind of method and device that suppresses ability at ground calibration camera space parasitic light proposed; Can effectively face the parasitic light inhibition ability of camera space light shield and examine, the machine-noise ratio of camera is estimated, propose light shield modified form design proposal on ground; Guaranteed that camera space can blur-free imaging after launching successfully, its beneficial effect is:
Method provided by the present invention can accurately be verified the inhibition ability of camera parasitic light in different visual fields, and its test PST test specification can extend to 10
-1～10
-12Guarantee camera space ability blur-free imaging behind the Heaven fully; This method of accurately testing in the face of the camera space parasitic light on ground will become the gordian technique of camera space at the rail blur-free imaging; Consider that this important function for of research is the gordian technique that is used in the test of rail camera space parasitic light, this Study on Technology success is with indicating that domestic camera space parasitic light ground calibration technique gets into a new step.Therefore, carry out the big visual field of camera space, high precision parasitic light Study on Technology, will play the promotion effect the development of China's space flight optics load.
The present invention the big visual field of the high precision parasitic light PST proving installation that provided; Utilize point source transmitance principle,, proposed parasitic light method of testing outside the visual field, the big visual field of a kind of high precision in conjunction with traditional parasitic light method of testing; Its measuring accuracy is broken through measuring accuracy in the past, and the PST measured value is from original 10
-8Be increased to 10
-12Simultaneously,, first whole experiment device is arranged on class 100 clean room in order to eliminate the influence of environment parasitic light, thus reduce micronic dust particle in the air to cause Rayleigh scattering and the environment parasitic light that produces to the influence of test; The 3rd, the present invention utilizes optics wave chopping technology and digital lock-in technique, has realized the purpose of the faint parasitic light signal extraction of the dark target of bright background; The 4th, the present invention has adopted a kind of great dynamic range light source, and at a kind of detector that can monitor outlet luminous energy in real time of light source set inside, has guaranteed that outgoing luminous energy is 10
-4～10
4W/m
2/ sr is accurately adjustment dynamically, and this method has substituted attenuator decay lumen method in the past fully, thereby has improved measuring accuracy; The 5th, the present invention adopts special twin columns jar section structure, is to be installed in the twin columns jar with tested camera optics, can effectively eliminate and reduce the influence of environmental radiation parasitic light to measuring that optical system reflection to be measured produces; The 6th, the present invention has also disposed the heavy caliber parallel light tube, has broken through and can survey the little defective in parasitic light visual field ± 30 ° in the past, and its parasitic light can survey field range and be extended to ± and 65 °.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of proving installation provided by the present invention;
1-100 level toilet; 2-twin columns jar; 3-high capacity turntable; 4-EMCCD; 5-optical system to be measured; 6-eliminate stray light light shield; 7-is from the axle parallel light tube; 8-data acquisition and disposal system; The 9-digital lock-in amplifier; 10-great dynamic range light source; The 11-chopper.
Embodiment
The invention provides a kind of big visual field parasitic light PST method of testing, this method comprises:
When 1) the collection point target is without optical system to be measured at the responsiveness E of entrance pupil place illumination
o
2) install and adjust the position of optical system to be measured, the responsiveness E that the collection point target produces at the image planes place of optical system to be measured during by parasitic light irradiation in different field positions through optical system to be measured
d(θ);
3) calculating optical system to be measured field angle outside the visual field according to formula
is PST (θ) value of θ.
Simultaneously, the present invention also provides based on the formed a kind of big visual field of this method parasitic light PST proving installation when big visual field parasitic light PST method of testing is provided.Referring to Fig. 1, big visual field provided by the present invention parasitic light PST device comprises: class 100 clean room 1, twin columns jar 2, high capacity turntable 3, EMCCD4, optical system to be measured 5, eliminate stray light light shield 6, form 8 from an axle parallel light tube 7, digital lock-in amplifier 9, great dynamic range light source 10, chopper 11 and data acquisition and disposal system.
Parallel light tube is arranged on the emitting light path of great dynamic range light source 10; EMCCD4 is arranged on the high capacity turntable 3 and with data acquisition and disposal system 8 and is electrical connected; Great dynamic range light source and data acquisition and disposal system are electrical connected; The high capacity turntable is arranged on the emitting light path behind the parallel light tube; Great dynamic range light source, parallel light tube, high capacity turntable, EMCCD and data acquisition and disposal system are arranged on inside, toilet.
The great dynamic range light source comprises integrating sphere, xenon lamp, iris and brightness detector; Xenon lamp is arranged on integrating sphere inside; The inwall of integrating sphere is provided with light source inlet and light source outlet; The light source porch is provided with iris; The light source exit is provided with brightness detector.
Big visual field parasitic light PST proving installation also comprises chopper 11 and digital lock-in amplifier 9; Chopper 11 is arranged on the emitting light path of great dynamic range light source 10; EMCCD4 links to each other with chopper 11 through digital lock-in amplifier 9; Data acquisition and disposal system 8 are electrical connected with chopper 11 and digital lock-in amplifier 9 respectively.It is inner that EMCCD4 and optical system to be measured 5 are arranged on the twin columns jar, and eliminate stray light light shield 6 is arranged on twin columns jar 2 inside, and cover is connected on the optical system 5 to be measured.
The toilet is not less than 100 grades various toilets, and parallel light tube is from an axle parallel light tube.
Principle of work of the present invention is: select for use great dynamic range integrating sphere (great dynamic range light source 10) to be parallel light tube (from axle parallel light tube 7) pointolite; High-power xenon lamp is arranged in the integrating sphere; Simultaneously iris is set,, and near outlet, the spoke brightness detector is set by its outlet spoke brightness of its controller control in integrating sphere inwall light source porch; Can monitor the size of outlet spoke brightness in real time, the whole scope of its emergent light spoke adjustable brightness is 0～10
4W/m
2/ sr.Be arranged on parallel light tube (from axle parallel light tube 7) focal plane place with the integrating sphere outlet this moment, is a uniform heavy caliber light beam through parallel light tube (from axle parallel light tube 7) collimation, can be full of tested optical system (optical system 5 to be measured) entrance pupil fully.
Before parasitic light test, earlier whole testing device is placed in the class 100 clean room 1, can reduce the influence that dust granule in the air causes the environment parasitic light that Rayleigh scattering produces like this.At first high sensitivity EMCCD4 is placed on high precision turntable (high capacity turntable 3) rotation center place; Adjustment integrating sphere outlet spoke brightness size; And EMCCD4 gain and time shutter thereof be set; The response that makes its CCD is in the saturation degree scope, and measure the collimated light beam of outgoing this moment, is the responsiveness of tested optical system entrance pupil place illumination.Again optical system 5 to be measured is positioned on the twin columns jar 2 interior high precision turntable (high capacity turntable 3); Tested camera entrance pupil is overlapped with high precision turntable (the high capacity turntable 3) centre of gyration, guarantee tested camera optical axis and parallel light tube (from axle parallel light tube 7) optical axis coincidence simultaneously.EMCCD4 is installed at optical system (optical system 5 to be measured) image planes place, both position relative fixed of EMCCD4 and optical system (optical system 5 to be measured), and rotate with turntable (high capacity turntable 3).By beginning outside optical system to be measured 5 visual fields; Every at a distance from a fixed angle; Gain and the time shutter of adjustment light source place's spoke brightness and EMCCD4; Guarantee that image planes irradiance at the diverse location place all less than the saturation degree of EMCCD4, gathers the responsiveness of different field positions parasitic light irradiation, the ratio of the responsiveness at this responsiveness and optical system entrance pupil to be measured place is that field angle is the PST value of θ outside its visual field:
In the formula: θ is the Point Target of field angle outside the optical system visual field, and PST (θ) is tested camera parasitic light rejection ratio, E
d(θ) be the illumination that point target produces at the image planes place through optical system, E
oThe illumination that goes out for the optical system entrance pupil.
During test; In order to guarantee that EMCCD4 can respond extremely weak parasitic light luminous energy, in the light source exit chopper 11 is set when off-axis angle is big; Use chopper 11 that light signal is modulated to the high-frequency signal of frequency as 1500HZ; From strong low frequency signal, extract the target parasitic light high-frequency signal that frequency is 1500HZ through digital lock-in amplifier 9, thereby can guarantee that EMCCD4 under extremely weak parasitic light situation, can isolate the echo signal parasitic light from the environment parasitic light.The light energy signal that utilizes data acquisition and disposal system 8 that different visual fields are collected at last can calculate the corresponding PST value of each off-axis angle according to formula (1).
Wherein the function of each several part is introduced as follows:
Class 100 clean room 1 mainly is in order to reduce the Rayleigh scattering that the micronic dust granulin molecule is produced in the air, and then the measuring error that causes the environment parasitic light to cause.
Twin columns jar 2 is mainly in order to eliminate and reduce the influence to the test of target source parasitic light of environment parasitic light that tested camera outlet reflected light causes;
High capacity turntable 3 mainly provides tested camera different off-axis angles, satisfies the parasitic light test of different field angle.
The effect of EMCCD4 mainly is because it has the detectivity of high sensitivity single photon magnitude; Be applicable to very much the detection of this extremely weak parasitic light; In addition, EMCCD4 has the consistent characteristic of great dynamic range detection performance linear response, can satisfy the requirement of great dynamic range PST test.
Optical system 5 to be measured is testpieces of this method of testing, is used to verify the feasibility of this method of testing.
Eliminate stray light light shield 6 links together with optical system 5 to be measured, and mainly in order to suppress parasitic light to tested camera optics Effect on Performance, this test mainly is in order to verify that the optical system 5 to be measured and the parasitic light of eliminate stray light light shield 6 suppress ability.
The point target source of infinite distant place mainly is provided from axle parallel light tube 7.
Data processing, the curve plotting of PST test are accomplished in data acquisition and the disposal system 8 main parasitic light collections of accomplishing optical system 5 to be measured at different off-axis angles simultaneously.
Digital lock-in amplifier 9 is mainly used in and from strong low frequency signal, extracts target parasitic light high-frequency signal.
Chopper 11 is that the light source echo signal is modulated to high-frequency signal; Digital lock-in amplifier 9 cooperates chopper 11 can accomplish the rejecting of weak target parasitic light signal and environment parasitic light, satisfies the effect that the dark target of bright background is extracted.
Great dynamic range light source 10 main light ray radiations in order to provide the simulation test spectral range to use can accurately simulate 10 simultaneously
-4～10
4W/m
2The dynamic change of/sr luminous energy has thoroughly improved and had realized the defective that great dynamic range luminous energy changes with attenuator in the past, cooperates the EMCCD of great dynamic range detectivity, can realize that the PST value is 10
-12Test.
Claims (8)
1. one kind big visual field parasitic light PST method of testing, it is characterized in that: said big visual field parasitic light PST method of testing may further comprise the steps:
When 1) the collection point target is without optical system to be measured at the responsiveness E of entrance pupil place illumination
o
2) install and adjust the position of optical system to be measured, the responsiveness E that the collection point target produces at the image planes place of optical system to be measured during by parasitic light irradiation in different field positions through optical system to be measured
d(θ);
3) calculating optical system to be measured field angle outside the visual field according to formula
is PST (θ) value of θ.
2. proving installation based on the described big visual field of claim 1 parasitic light PST method of testing is characterized in that: said proving installation comprises great dynamic range light source, parallel light tube, toilet, is used to adjust high capacity turntable, EMCCD and data acquisition and the disposal system of the different off-axis angles of optical system to be measured; Said parallel light tube is arranged on the emitting light path of great dynamic range light source; Said EMCCD is arranged on the high capacity turntable and with data acquisition and disposal system and is electrical connected; Said great dynamic range light source and data acquisition and disposal system are electrical connected; Said high capacity turntable is arranged on the emitting light path behind the parallel light tube; Said great dynamic range light source, parallel light tube, high capacity turntable, EMCCD and data acquisition and disposal system are arranged on inside, toilet.
3. big visual field according to claim 2 parasitic light PST proving installation, it is characterized in that: said great dynamic range light source comprises integrating sphere, xenon lamp, iris and brightness detector; Said xenon lamp is arranged on integrating sphere inside; The inwall of said integrating sphere is provided with light source inlet and light source outlet; Said light source porch is provided with iris; Said light source exit is provided with brightness detector.
4. according to claim 2 or 3 described big visual field parasitic light PST proving installations, it is characterized in that: said big visual field parasitic light PST proving installation also comprises chopper and digital lock-in amplifier; Said chopper is arranged on the emitting light path of great dynamic range light source; Said EMCCD links to each other with chopper through digital lock-in amplifier; Said data acquisition and disposal system are electrical connected with chopper and digital lock-in amplifier respectively.
5. big visual field according to claim 4 parasitic light PST proving installation is characterized in that: said big visual field parasitic light PST proving installation also comprises and is used to eliminate and reduces environment parasitic light that the outlet reflected light of optical system to be measured the causes twin columns jar to target source parasitic light tests affect; It is inner that said EMCCD and optical system to be measured are arranged on the twin columns jar.
6. big visual field according to claim 5 parasitic light PST proving installation; It is characterized in that: said big visual field parasitic light PST proving installation comprises that also cover is connected to optical system to be measured and is used to suppress the eliminate stray light light shield that parasitic light is treated the optical property influence of photometry system, and it is inner that said eliminate stray light light shield is arranged on the twin columns jar.
7. big visual field according to claim 6 parasitic light PST proving installation is characterized in that: said toilet is not less than 100 grades toilet.
8. big visual field according to claim 7 parasitic light PST proving installation is characterized in that: said parallel light tube is from the axle parallel light tube.
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