CN108680154A - A kind of point target detection camera focal plane docking system and method - Google Patents
A kind of point target detection camera focal plane docking system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of point target detection camera focal plane docking system and methods, solve disc of confusion size of the point target detector device under different magnitudes and depend on image processing techniques, and the problem that obtained full filed disc of confusion data are unstable.The docking system includes:Point target detects camera and multigroup single star simulator, it includes optical system and detector that point target, which detects camera, single star simulator includes integrating sphere light source and parallel light tube, the light inlet of integrating sphere light source is provided with automatically controlled linear diaphragm, light-emitting window is provided with star tester, and the focal plane of parallel light tube is located at the star tester of integrating sphere light source;The light-emitting window of multigroup single star simulator illuminates same plane, and the entrance pupil of optical system is arranged in the plane that multigroup single star simulator light-emitting window illuminates jointly, and the different visual fields of the beam direction covering point target detection camera of multigroup single star simulator.Meanwhile the present invention also provides a kind of point targets to detect camera focal plane interconnection method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to photoelectricity test fields, and in particular to a kind of point target detection camera focal plane docking system and method.
Background technology
Star sensor be it is a kind of be widely used in spacecraft positioning, attitude measurement point target detection camera, mainly
It is made of optical system and detector.It can get flying for rad class precision by the positioning to celestial body stars in visual field
Row device posture information, therefore its imaging performance is primarily directed to point target imaging capability-disc of confusion size examination.
Star sensor mainly forms the stationkeeping ability of celestial body stars by two stages, and the first stage is optical system
System design processing test, the disc of confusion for completing optical system measure, and verification optical system has established practice under certain working distance
Determine the ability of size disc of confusion;Second stage is that optical system assembles integration phase with planar array detector, in given working distance
Under, the positioning of planar array detector is completed, i.e. focal plane docks.
Currently, the focal plane docking of star sensor is realized using following methods, a certain star is given by single single star simulator
Deng asterism target the disc of confusion size under the magnitude is obtained using image processing techniques.Star sensor is placed on turntable,
The disc of confusion size under different visual fields is given by turntable, by the spatial relationship for finely tuning detector and optical system so that complete
The disc of confusion of visual field is met the requirements, to complete focal plane docking.This method is primarily present problems with:
(1) this method analyzes the asterism target of single magnitude by image processing techniques, obtains the disc of confusion under the magnitude
Size fails the imaging performance for reflecting the entire active section of star sensor, therefore the disc of confusion size under different magnitudes is depended on
Image processing techniques;
(2) the disc of confusion timesharing under different visual fields obtains, detector work long hours generation fuel factor sensibility and
The otherness of optical system difference visual field has a larger impact to the disc of confusion of point target detector, this method fail to detach this two
Class influences, therefore obtained full filed disc of confusion data are unstable.
Invention content
The disc of confusion size that present invention aim to address point target detector devices under different magnitudes is dependent at image
Reason technology, and the problem that obtained full filed disc of confusion data are unstable, and a kind of point target detection camera focal plane docking is provided
System and method.
The technical scheme is that:
A kind of point target detection camera focal plane docking system, including point target detect camera, and the point target detects camera
Including optical system and detector, it is characterized in that:Further include multigroup single star simulator, the single star simulator includes product
The light inlet of bulb separation light source and parallel light tube, the integrating sphere light source is provided with automatically controlled linear diaphragm, and light-emitting window is provided with asterism
The focal plane of plate, the parallel light tube is located at the star tester of integrating sphere light source outlet;The light-emitting window of multigroup single star simulator illuminates
The entrance pupil of same plane, the optical system is arranged in the plane that multigroup single star simulator light-emitting window illuminates jointly, and multigroup
The different visual fields of the beam direction covering point target detection camera of single star simulator.
Further, single star simulator is at least five groups, and the centrally disposed visual field of one of which single star simulator, remaining is more
The surrounding of the group centrally disposed visual field single star simulator of single star simulator.
Further, single star simulator is nine groups.
Further, nine groups of single star simulators are arranged for matrix pattern.
Further, single star simulator is chosen by following formula, the focal length fS of optical system, Entry pupil diameters D, parallel light tube
Focal length fMIt should meet following relationship with star tester asterism bore dia d;
2fS≤fM≤10fS (1)
D=1.22 λ fM/D (2)
Wherein:λ indicates centre wavelength.
Meanwhile the present invention also provides a kind of point targets to detect camera focal plane interconnection method, includes the following steps:
1) integrating sphere light source is lighted, the optical axis coincidence of the optical axis and central vision single star simulator of optical system is made, and is made
The emergent pupil in single star simulator parallel light tube is arranged in the entrance pupil of optical system, adjusts integrating sphere light source, makes its exit spoke brightness
L, the irradiation level E of parallel light tube outlet meets following formula;
In formula, E is the irradiation level of parallel light tube outlet;
L is the spoke brightness in integrating sphere light source exit;
D is star tester asterism bore dia;
fMFor the focal length of parallel light tube;
2) other multigroup single star simulators of the installation in addition to central vision single star simulator are tilted, it is made to be visited towards point target
Survey the visual field of camera, and the entrance pupil of the optical system of its light-emitting window covering point target detection camera;Light other visual field list star moulds
The integrating sphere light source of quasi- device, adjustment integrating sphere light source makes its exit spoke brightness and central vision star simulator mould is same magnitude
Target;
3) detector that point target is detected to camera is installed on initial position, opens detector point source, finely tunes each visual field
Single star simulator, make detector acquire each asterism picture under each visual field present " cross " it is symmetrical, acquire under the magnitude
Asterism picture;
4) light-inletting quantity of each single star simulator integrating sphere light source of synchronous change, obtains another magnitude, acquires under the magnitude
Asterism picture repeats this step, obtains under different magnitudes, the asterism picture of each visual field;
The asterism of detector acquisition has following relationship as the irradiation level of Energy distribution and single star simulator light-emitting window:
Ii,j(x, y)=psfj(x,y)×Ei+b(x,y) (4)
In formula, Ii,j(x, y) is that irradiation level is Ei, visual field be j when camera output signal;
psfj(x, y) is that visual field is j, is point spread function for the camera response function of point target;
EiWhen for magnitude being i, the irradiation level of star simulator light-emitting window, when i=0, E0=2.648 × 10-6lx;
B (x, y) is the spatial context noise under the camera parameter;
5) by under same visual field j, the asterism picture of different magnitude target i is given with its peak response with the variation of magnitude energy
Cutting edge aligned response section carries out linear fit processing to the asterism picture in linear response section, obtains the point diffusion under the visual field
Function psfj(x, y) carries out Gauss curve fitting to the point spread function, obtains the size of disc of confusion under the visual field;
6) by the point spread function psf under different visual fieldsj(x, y) obtains the disc of confusion size under different visual fields, determines burnt
Repair the amount of cutting in face;It repaiies after cutting, reinstalls;
7) step 3)~6 are repeated), until within the scope of full filed, disc of confusion is met the requirements, that is, complete point target detection phase
The focal plane of machine docks.
It is further, further comprising the steps of before step 1),
Suitable single star simulator is chosen by following formula, point target detects the focal length f of camera optical systemS, Entry pupil diameters
D, the focal length f of star simulator parallel light tubeMIt should meet following relationship with star tester asterism bore dia d;
2fS≤fM≤10fS (1)
D=1.22 λ fM/D (2)
Wherein:λ indicates centre wavelength.
Further, single star simulator is at least five groups in step 2), and one of which single star simulator is centrally disposed to be regarded
, the surrounding of remaining multigroup centrally disposed visual field single star simulator of single star simulator.
Further, the single star simulator in step 2) is nine groups.
Further, nine groups of single star simulators in step 2) are arranged for matrix pattern.
Compared with prior art, the present invention having the following technical effects:
1. the present invention is based on asterism picture of the point target detection camera between the different linear response areas of magnitude target, normalizing is realized
Change obtains point spread function, provides the disc of confusion under different visual fields, be no longer dependent on image processing algorithm, objective evaluation point
Target acquisition camera imaging quality obtains the asterism picture of different magnitudes, reflects the imaging capability of point target detection camera, can refer to
Lead the adjustment of point target detection camera detector circuit parameter.
2. the present invention because under synchronous acquisition difference visual field, the asterism picture of same magnitude, detached detector and worked long hours
The disc of confusion difference that the visual field of the fuel factor of generation and optical system introduces, avoids that full filed disc of confusion data are unstable to ask
Topic.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is present system structural schematic diagram.
Reference numeral:1- point targets detect camera, 11- optical systems, 12- detectors, 2- single star simulators, 21- integrals
Ball light source, 22- parallel light tubes, the automatically controlled linear diaphragms of 23-, 24- star testers.
Specific implementation mode
Present disclosure is described in further detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments:
The present invention provides a kind of point target detect camera detector docked with its optical system focal plane, adjust system and
Method.Meanwhile the system and method be also applied for such point target detection camera electronic parameter choose and circuit debugging and
It is ultimately imaged the evaluation of ability and image quality.The present invention is proposed detects camera imaging performance using the point target of radiation calibration
Evaluation method devises corresponding light path and device, and for the focal plane mating operation of point target detection camera.
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of point target detection camera focal plane docking system includes point target detection camera 1 and multigroup single star
Simulator 2;It includes optical system 11 and detector 12 that point target, which detects camera 1, and single star simulator 2 includes 21 He of integrating sphere light source
Parallel light tube 22;The light inlet of integrating sphere light source 21 is an automatically controlled linear diaphragm 23, and light-emitting window is a replaceable star tester
24.The focal plane of parallel light tube 22 is located at the star tester 24 of the outlet of integrating sphere light source 21, and image quality meets the general of star simulator
It is required that the energy of single star simulator 2 can be adjusted by the asterism aperture combination of automatically controlled linear diaphragm 23 and star tester 24, to form not
With the magnitude target of brightness, star simulator composition similar in nine performances covers the star simulator group of different visual fields.
Single star simulator 2 is at least five groups, and 2 centrally disposed visual field of one of which single star simulator, remaining single star is simulated
The surrounding of 2 centrally disposed visual field single star simulator 2 of device, multigroup single star simulator 2 are preferably nine groups, nine groups of single star simulators 2
It is arranged for matrix pattern, the different visual fields of covering point target detection camera 1.
The selection of single star simulator 2 can refer to following formula progress, the focal length f of optical system 11S, it is Entry pupil diameters D, parallel
The focal length f of light pipe 22MIt should meet following relationship with 24 asterism bore dia d of star tester;
2fS≤fM≤10fS (1)
D=1.22 λ fM/D (2)。
Mainly single star simulator 2 similar in nine performances by covering full filed forms the multigroup single star simulator of full filed 2;
The visual field of the optical lens of camera 1 is detected according to point target, and star simulator is installed, the light-emitting window of nine star simulators is made to illuminate together
One plane, the entrance pupil that point target is detected to camera 1 are placed in the plane that the light-emitting window of single star simulator 2 illuminates;Nine star moulds simultaneously
The different visual fields of the beam direction covering point target detection camera 1 of quasi- device;The focal plane that detector 12 is placed in optical system 11 is attached
Closely, the posture for adjusting star simulator makes the Energy distribution of the asterism picture of 12 collected nine visual fields of detector be satisfied by operating mode
Requirement.The entrance pupil of optical system 11 is in the plane that the light-emitting window of star simulator group illuminates jointly, the entrance pupil of optical system 11
It is matched with the exit pupil position of parallel light tube 22;Detector 12 forms point target with optical system 11 and detects camera 1, by adjusting it
Position, posture with 11 focal plane of optical system so that point target detection camera 1 has point target certain imaging capability.
In specific docking operation, 2 energy of single star simulator for adjusting nine visual fields is same magnitude, is acquired at this time
Asterism picture;The simulating stellar magnitude for changing star simulator, acquires the asterism picture under the magnitude.It obtains under a series of different magnitudes, nine
Visual field, nine asterism pictures;Analysis (i.e. linear fit is handled) is normalized to the asterism picture of the different magnitudes under corresponding visual field,
The point spread function under different visual fields is obtained, Gauss curve fitting is carried out to point spread function, obtains disc of confusion.According under different visual fields
Disc of confusion size, the adjustment amount of 12 mounting surface of calculating detector.It after adjustment, repeats the above process, until full filed range
Interior, disc of confusion is met the requirements, that is, the focal plane docking of point target detection camera 1 is completed, by the disc of confusion data under final focal plane
With the probe satellite etc. under this operating mode, the image quality and imaging capability of point target detection camera 1 can be obtained.
The present invention provides a kind of point target detection camera focal plane interconnection method, specifically includes following steps:
(1) single star simulator is chosen;
Suitable single star simulator 2 is chosen by following formula, point target detects the focal length f of 1 optical system 11 of cameraS, entrance pupil
The focal length f of diameter D, 11 parallel light tube 22 of optical system of star simulatorMIt should meet with ShiShimonoseki with 24 asterism bore dia d of star tester
System;
2fS≤fM≤10fS (1)
D=1.22 λ fM/D (2)
Wherein, λ indicates centre wavelength, and the centre wavelength responded by system determines;
(2) integrating sphere light source 21 is lighted, 2 optical axis of single star simulator of the optical axis for making optical system 11 and its central vision is worn
Axis, and make the entrance pupil of the optical system 11 be placed in star simulator parallel light tube 22 emergent pupil, adjustment integrating sphere light source 21 make it
The irradiation level E that exit spoke brightness L, parallel light tube 22 export meets following formula;The step gives the energy of star simulator, i.e. star
Deng so that star simulator used in each visual field has consistent performance;
In formula, E is the irradiation level of parallel light tube outlet, unit W/m2;
L is the spoke brightness in integrating sphere light source exit, unit W/m2/Sr;
(3) single star simulator 2 for installing other visual fields is tilted, so that it is detected the visual field of camera 1 towards point target, and it goes out
Optical port covers the entrance pupil of the optical system 11 of point target detection camera 1;Light the integrating sphere light source of the star simulator of other visual fields
21, adjustment integrating sphere light source 21 makes its exit spoke brightness, and the star simulator of itself and central vision is made to simulate same magnitude target;
(4) detector 12 that point target is detected to camera 1 is installed on initial position, opens 12 point source of detector, and fine tuning is each
The star simulator of visual field so that each asterism picture presentation " cross " under each visual field that detector 12 acquires is symmetrical, adopts
Collect the asterism picture under the magnitude;
(5) light-inletting quantity of each star simulator integrating sphere light source of synchronous change 21, obtains another magnitude, acquires under the magnitude
Asterism picture repeats this step, obtains under different magnitudes, the asterism picture of each visual field;The detector 12 that point target detects camera 1 acquires
The Energy distribution of asterism picture and the irradiation level of star simulator light-emitting window have following relationship:
Ii,j(x, y)=psfj(x,y)×Ei+b(x,y) (4)
In formula, Ii,j(x, y) is that irradiation level is Ei, visual field be j when camera output signal, i.e., detector 12 acquire star
The effective energy distribution of point picture;
B (x, y) is the spatial context noise under the camera parameter;
psfj(x, y) is that visual field is j, for the camera response function of point target, referred to as point spread function;
EiWhen for magnitude being i, the irradiation level of star simulator light-emitting window, when i=0, E0=2.648 × 10-6lx;
The irradiation level E of the stars such as iiWith irradiation level E when 0 equal stars0Relationship be:
(6) by under same visual field j, the asterism picture of different magnitude target i is given with its peak response with the variation of magnitude energy
Cutting edge aligned response section carries out linear fit normalized to the asterism picture in linear response section, obtains under the visual field
Point spread function psfj(x, y) carries out Gauss curve fitting to receptance function, provides it and account for size shared by 80% region of gross energy,
Obtain the size of disc of confusion under the visual field;
(7) by the point spread function psf under different visual fieldsj(x, y) obtains the disc of confusion size under different visual fields, determines
Focal plane repaiies the amount of cutting;It repaiies after cutting, reinstalls detector 12;
(8) step 4)~7 are repeated), until within the scope of full filed, disc of confusion is met the requirements, that is, complete point target detection
The focal plane of camera 1 docks.
Disc of confusion size under the linear response section of camera, different visual field is detected because point target can be obtained in the above method,
Therefore the imaging capability of point target detection camera, image quality also can be evaluated in this method, can also instruct point target detection camera detection
The adjustment of device circuit parameter.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of point target detects camera focal plane docking system, including point target detection camera (1), the point target detects camera
(1) include optical system (11) and detector (12), it is characterised in that:
Further include multigroup single star simulator (2), the single star simulator (2) includes integrating sphere light source (21) and parallel light tube
(22), the light inlet of the integrating sphere light source (21) is provided with automatically controlled linear diaphragm (23), and light-emitting window is provided with star tester (24),
The focal plane of the parallel light tube (22) is located at the star tester (24) of integrating sphere light source (21) outlet;
The light-emitting window of multigroup single star simulator (2) illuminates same plane, and the entrance pupil of the optical system (11) is arranged in multigroup list
In the plane that star simulator (2) light-emitting window illuminates jointly, and the beam direction covering point target detection of multigroup single star simulator (2)
The different visual fields of camera (1).
2. point target according to claim 1 detects camera focal plane docking system, it is characterised in that:Single star simulator (2)
At least five groups, the centrally disposed visual field of one of which single star simulator, remaining multigroup centrally disposed visual field of single star simulator
The surrounding of single star simulator.
3. point target according to claim 2 detects camera focal plane docking system, it is characterised in that:Single star simulator is nine
Group.
4. point target according to claim 3 detects camera focal plane docking system, it is characterised in that:Nine groups of single star simulators
It is arranged for matrix pattern.
5. point target according to any one of claims 1 to 4 detects camera focal plane docking system, it is characterised in that:Under
Formula chooses single star simulator (2), the focal length f of optical system (11)S, Entry pupil diameters D, parallel light tube (22) focal length fMAnd asterism
Plate (24) asterism bore dia d should meet following relationship;
2fS≤fM≤10fS (1)
D=1.22 λ fM/D (2)
Wherein:λ indicates centre wavelength.
6. a kind of point target detects camera focal plane interconnection method, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
1) integrating sphere light source is lighted, the optical axis coincidence of the optical axis and central vision single star simulator of optical system is made, and makes optics
The emergent pupil in single star simulator parallel light tube is arranged in the entrance pupil of system, adjusts integrating sphere light source, makes its exit spoke brightness L, puts down
The irradiation level E of row light pipe outlet meets following formula;
In formula, E is the irradiation level of parallel light tube outlet;
L is the spoke brightness in integrating sphere light source exit;
D is star tester asterism bore dia;
fMFor the focal length of parallel light tube;
2) other multigroup single star simulators of the installation in addition to central vision single star simulator are tilted, it is made to detect phase towards point target
The visual field of machine, and the entrance pupil of the optical system of its light-emitting window covering point target detection camera;Light other visual field single star simulators
Integrating sphere light source, adjustment integrating sphere light source makes its exit spoke brightness and central vision star simulator mould be same magnitude mesh
Mark;
3) detector that point target is detected to camera is installed on initial position, opens detector point source, finely tunes single star of each visual field
Simulator, make detector acquire each asterism picture under each visual field present " cross " it is symmetrical, acquire the star under the magnitude
Point picture;
4) light-inletting quantity of each single star simulator integrating sphere light source of synchronous change, obtains another magnitude, acquires the asterism under the magnitude
Picture repeats this step, obtains under different magnitudes, the asterism picture of each visual field;
The asterism of detector acquisition has following relationship as the irradiation level of Energy distribution and single star simulator light-emitting window:
Ii,j(x, y)=psfj(x,y)×Ei+b(x,y) (4)
In formula, Ii,j(x, y) is that irradiation level is Ei, visual field be j when camera output signal;
psfj(x, y) is that visual field is j, is point spread function for the camera response function of point target;
EiWhen for magnitude being i, the irradiation level of star simulator light-emitting window, when i=0, E0=2.648 × 10-6lx;
B (x, y) is the spatial context noise under the camera parameter;
5) by under same visual field j, the asterism picture of different magnitude target i, with its peak response with the variation of magnitude energy to outlet
Property response section, in linear response section asterism picture carry out linear fit processing, obtain the point spread function under the visual field
psfj(x, y) carries out Gauss curve fitting to the point spread function, obtains the size of disc of confusion under the visual field;
6) by the point spread function psf under different visual fieldsj(x, y) obtains the disc of confusion size under different visual fields, determines focal plane
Repair the amount of cutting;It repaiies after cutting, reinstalls;
7) step 3)~6 are repeated), until within the scope of full filed, disc of confusion is met the requirements, that is, complete point target detection camera
Focal plane docks.
7. point target according to claim 6 detects camera focal plane interconnection method, which is characterized in that also wrapped before step 1)
Include following steps:
Suitable single star simulator is chosen by following formula, point target detects the focal length f of camera optical systemS, Entry pupil diameters D, star mould
The focal length f of quasi- device parallel light tubeMIt should meet following relationship with star tester asterism bore dia d;
2fS≤fM≤10fS (1)
D=1.22 λ fM/D (2)
Wherein:λ indicates centre wavelength.
8. point target according to claim 7 detects camera focal plane interconnection method, it is characterised in that:Single star mould in step 2)
Quasi- device is at least five groups, the centrally disposed visual field of one of which single star simulator, remaining multigroup single star simulator is centrally disposed
The surrounding of visual field single star simulator.
9. point target according to claim 8 detects camera focal plane interconnection method, it is characterised in that:Single star in step 2)
Simulator is nine groups.
10. point target according to claim 9 detects camera focal plane interconnection method, it is characterised in that:Nine in step 2)
Group single star simulator is arranged for matrix pattern.
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