CN110186655B - Imaging detection distance testing system based on simulation target and optical energy attenuator - Google Patents
Imaging detection distance testing system based on simulation target and optical energy attenuator Download PDFInfo
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- CN110186655B CN110186655B CN201910551961.4A CN201910551961A CN110186655B CN 110186655 B CN110186655 B CN 110186655B CN 201910551961 A CN201910551961 A CN 201910551961A CN 110186655 B CN110186655 B CN 110186655B
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- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 3
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01M—TESTING STATIC OR DYNAMIC BALANCE OF MACHINES OR STRUCTURES; TESTING OF STRUCTURES OR APPARATUS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- G01M11/00—Testing of optical apparatus; Testing structures by optical methods not otherwise provided for
- G01M11/02—Testing optical properties
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of performance evaluation of photoelectric imaging systems, in particular to an imaging detection distance testing system based on a simulation target and an optical energy attenuator. The method solves the problems of difficult selection of the test target, large difficulty in measuring the attenuation amount of the atmosphere in the test process and low accuracy and precision of the test result in the prior art. The system respectively simulates and controls the illumination of an observation target and the background of an environmental scene through two integrating spheres, simultaneously projects the target light beam and the background light speed onto a light curtain for superposition, applies the light curtain pattern to simulate observation objects with different illumination, sizes and contrast, and simulates and adjusts the attenuation of the transmission light energy through changing the transmission cross section area of the parallel light beam.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of performance evaluation of photoelectric imaging systems, in particular to an imaging detection distance testing system based on a simulation target and an optical energy attenuator.
Background
In the process of adjusting and evaluating the performance of the whole telescope photoelectric imaging system, the detectable distance and the identification distance of the system are an important technical index for evaluating the performance of the system. In the actual test process, because the distance is set, the size is set, the target with set illuminance and contrast is difficult to find in the nature, the detection and identification distance test of the photoelectric imaging system can only select some existing targets and scenes for testing, and a large number of observation targets and scenes meeting the requirements are difficult to obtain, so that the accuracy of the test result is limited. On the other hand, the light beam reflected or emitted by the surface of the observed target object has attenuation in the process of atmospheric transmission, and the attenuation is one of the main factors for determining the detection distance of the photoelectric imaging system. Therefore, the problems of high difficulty in measuring attenuation amount and low accuracy and precision of a test result exist in the prior art, and the referenceability and applicability of detection performance test data of a photoelectric imaging system are affected.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the imaging detection distance testing system based on the simulation target and the optical energy attenuator is provided for solving the problems of difficult selection of the testing target, large difficulty in measuring the attenuation amount by the atmosphere in the testing process and low accuracy and precision of the testing result in the prior art.
In order to solve the problems existing in the prior art, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
imaging detection distance test system based on simulation target and light energy attenuator, its characterized in that: the system consists of a simulation target subsystem and a simulation light energy attenuation subsystem;
the simulated target subsystem consists of a simulated target light source, a first rectangular diaphragm, a second rectangular diaphragm, a simulated target projection lens group, a projected light curtain, a simulated background light source, a simulated target projection lens group and a parallel light pipe; the simulated target light source is respectively connected with a target light source brightness control power supply and a target light source illuminometer; the simulated background light source is respectively connected with a background light source brightness control power supply and a background light source illuminometer; the light outlet of the simulation target light source is provided with a first rectangular diaphragm and a second rectangular diaphragm in parallel, the rectangular light outlets of the first rectangular diaphragm and the second rectangular diaphragm are of adjustable structures, the adjustment directions are mutually perpendicular, and the two rectangular light inlets on the first rectangular diaphragm and the second rectangular diaphragm are positioned at the focal plane of the simulation target projection lens group; the light outlet of the simulated background light source is positioned at the focal plane of the simulated background projection lens group; the projection light curtain is positioned on the focal plane of the collimator, and parallel light beams emitted from the simulated target projection lens group and the simulated background projection lens group are overlapped in the same area of the projection light curtain and emitted through the collimator to form a simulated infinite target;
the optical energy attenuation subsystem consists of an L-shaped pipeline, a circular diaphragm with an adjustable aperture and a plane reflecting mirror, one end of the L-shaped pipeline is arranged at the light outlet of the collimator, the caliber of the L-shaped pipeline is larger than that of the light outlet of the collimator, and the inner wall of the pipeline is coated with a diffuse reflection coating; the folding position of the L-shaped pipeline is provided with a circular diaphragm and a plane reflecting mirror, the plane reflecting mirror is stacked on the outer side of the circular diaphragm, and the effective light beam reflecting area of the plane reflecting mirror is adjusted through the aperture-adjustable circular diaphragm.
Compared with the prior art, the imaging system provided by the invention is an indoor test system, and has the following advantages:
1. the invention realizes infinite target simulation and light energy attenuation simulation with illuminance, size and contrast accurately set by a double-light-source projection beam superposition system, a collimator and a reflected light flux regulating system, and provides observation targets with different distances, different sizes and different observation contrasts for a tested telescopic imaging system;
2. the invention combines with the detection and identification evaluation standard of the photoelectric imaging system, can test the detection and identification capability of the photoelectric imaging system for targets with different sizes and contrasts in different atmospheric environments, the system simulates the illuminance, the size and the contrast of the targets, the light energy attenuation system can be accurately set, a test design scheme of the detection distance of the photoelectric imaging system to be tested can be obtained, sufficient test data samples can be obtained, and accurate test results can be obtained by analysis;
3. according to the invention, the illuminance, the size, the contrast and the light beam transmission attenuation of the observation target are accurately set by adjusting the illuminance and the size of the diaphragm of the integrating sphere, and the detectable distance and the identifiable distance of the imaging system can be accurately tested by testing under simulation environments of different illuminance, sizes, contrast observation targets and light beam transmission attenuation.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a block diagram of the system of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an analog optical energy attenuator;
marking: 1. a target light source illuminometer 2, a target light source brightness control power supply 3, a simulated target light source 4, a first rectangular diaphragm 5, a first rectangular diaphragm height adjusting knob 6, a second rectangular diaphragm 7, a second rectangular diaphragm width adjusting knob 8, a simulated target projection lens group 9, a projection light curtain 10, a simulated background light source, the device comprises a simulation target projection lens group 11, a collimator 13, a collimator light outlet 14, a background light source brightness control power supply 15, a background light source illuminometer 16, an L-shaped pipeline 17, a tested photoelectric imaging system 18, a circular diaphragm 19, an adjusting handle 20, a plane reflector 21 and an adjusting handle for adjusting the direction.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The invention provides a photoelectric imaging system detection distance test system based on a simulation target and a simulation light energy attenuator, which respectively simulates and controls illumination of an observation target and an environmental scene background through two integrating spheres, simultaneously projects a target light beam and a background light speed onto a light curtain for superposition, simulates observation objects with different illumination, sizes and contrast by using a light curtain pattern, and simulates and adjusts attenuation of transmission light energy through changing the transmission cross section area of parallel light beams.
Examples:
referring to fig. 1, the imaging detection distance testing system based on the simulation target and the optical energy attenuator consists of a simulation target subsystem and a simulation optical energy attenuation subsystem;
the simulated target subsystem consists of a simulated target light source 3, a first rectangular diaphragm 4, a second rectangular diaphragm 6, a simulated target projection lens group 8, a projection light curtain 9, a simulated background light source 10, a simulated target projection lens group 11 and a parallel light pipe 12; the simulated target light source 3 is respectively connected with the target light source brightness control power supply 2 and the target light source illuminometer 1; the simulated background light source 10 is respectively connected with a background light source brightness control power supply 14 and a background light source illuminometer 15; the light outlet of the simulation target light source 3 is provided with a first rectangular diaphragm 4 and a second rectangular diaphragm 6 side by side, the rectangular light outlets of the first rectangular diaphragm 4 and the second rectangular diaphragm 6 are of adjustable structures, the adjustment directions are mutually perpendicular, and the two rectangular light through holes on the first rectangular diaphragm 4 and the second rectangular diaphragm 6 are both positioned at the focal plane of the simulation target projection lens group 8; the light outlet of the simulated background light source 10 is positioned at the focal plane of the simulated background projection lens group 11; the projection light curtain 9 is positioned on the focal plane of the collimator 12, and parallel light beams emitted from the simulated target projection lens group 8 and the simulated background projection lens group 11 are overlapped in the same area of the projection light curtain 9 and are emitted through the collimator 12 to form a simulated infinity target;
the optical energy attenuation subsystem consists of an L-shaped pipeline 16, a circular diaphragm 18 with an adjustable aperture and a plane reflector 20, wherein one end of the L-shaped pipeline 16 is arranged at the light outlet of the collimator 12, the caliber of the L-shaped pipeline 16 is larger than that of the light outlet 13 of the collimator 12, and the inner wall of the pipeline is coated with a diffuse reflection coating; the folded part of the L-shaped pipeline 16 is provided with a circular diaphragm 18 and a plane reflecting mirror 20, the plane reflecting mirror 20 is overlapped outside the circular diaphragm 18, and the effective light beam reflecting area is regulated by the aperture-adjustable circular diaphragm 18.
The simulated target light source 3 is respectively connected with the target light source brightness control power supply 2 and the target light source illuminometer 1, and the illuminance at the light outlet of the simulated target light source 3 can be regulated by the target light source brightness control power supply 2 and displayed on the target light source illuminometer 1; the backlight 10 is respectively connected with a backlight brightness control power supply 14 and a backlight illuminometer 15, and the illuminance at the light outlet of the backlight 10 can be adjusted by controlling the backlight brightness control power supply 14 and displayed on the backlight illuminometer 15.
The first rectangular diaphragm 4 and the second rectangular diaphragm 6 can respectively adjust the height of the rectangular light-passing aperture through the first rectangular diaphragm adjusting knob 5, and the second rectangular diaphragm width adjusting knob 7 adjusts the width of the rectangular light-passing aperture; the projection light curtain 9 is arranged on the focal plane of the collimator 12, receives light beams from the simulated target projection lens group 8 and the simulated background projection lens group 11, and the two light beams are overlapped and transmitted through the projection light curtain 9 through the collimator 12 to form simulated targets with different illumination and contrast;
the selected circular diaphragm 18 is composed of a plurality of blades, the surfaces of the blades can absorb a part of light energy through spraying treatment, reflected light is changed into diffuse reflected light to a certain extent, and the opening and closing angles of the blades can adjust the aperture of the circular diaphragm.
The effective light beam reflection area of the plane reflecting mirror 20 is regulated by the circular diaphragm 18, and the surface of the plane reflecting mirror 20 is plated with different film systems to realize the gating of the light source spectrum.
The circular diaphragm 18 and the plane mirror 20 are fixed by a high-precision positioning surface.
The angle a between the normal line of the plane mirror 20 and the optical axis of the collimator 12 and the angle 2A of the L-shaped pipe 16 can be designed and adjusted according to the installation environment requirement of the test system, and the typical value of the angle a is 450.
During measurement, the photoelectric imaging system to be measured is arranged outside the port of the L-shaped pipeline.
Specific application 1 of the invention:
if the target illuminance is required to be simulated as B according to the set value 0 Object of (B) illuminance B 0 Can be calculated from the following formula:
e in formula (1) g The sky illuminance caused by sunlight, K is the diffuse reflection coefficient of the observed object surface.
When the reflected illuminance of the surface of the measured object is obtained through the calculation of the characteristic parameters of the ambient light and the surface of the objectThen, the illuminance of the simulation target light source 3 is changed by the adjustment knob of the target light source brightness control power supply 2. The accurate value of the simulated target illuminance is the illuminance passing through the projection light curtain, and a proportional system tau is arranged between the simulated target illuminance and the target light source illuminometer 1 1 This value may be obtained by calibration. Therefore, the set value of the simulation target light source 3 should be B 0 /τ 1 。
The length and width of the rectangular diaphragms are changed by adjusting the first rectangular diaphragm height adjusting knob 5 of the first rectangular diaphragm 4 and the second rectangular diaphragm width adjusting knob 7 of the second rectangular diaphragm 6, namely the length and the degree of the aperture of the rectangular diaphragm are changed, the size of an observation target is changed, and the size L of the observation target is generally defined by the length of the diagonal line of the circumscribed rectangle of the observed object. There is a proportional relationship k between the value of L and the size of the rectangular spot passing through the projection light curtain 1 Proportional relation k 1 Determined by the focal length of the simulated target projection lens group 8. The size of the simulation target at the projection light curtain is L multiplied by k 1 。
Specific application 2 of the invention:
referring to FIG. 1, if the ambient background illuminance is to be simulated according to the set value to be B 1 The simulated backlight 10 illumination is changed by an adjustment knob of the backlight brightness control power supply 14. The accurate value of the simulated background illumination is the illumination transmitted through the projection light curtain, and a proportional system tau exists between the simulated background illumination and the indication value of the background light source illuminometer 15 2 This value may be obtained by calibration. Therefore, the set value of the simulation target light source 3 should be B 1 /τ 2 。
According to the above process, a simulation target in which illuminance, size, and contrast all satisfy set values can be obtained.
Specific application 3 of the present invention:
referring to fig. 1 and 2, if the simulated observation distance is R, the atmospheric transmittance is τ a Light energy attenuation experimental scenario of (R). The atmospheric transmittance is tau a (R) can be obtained by calculation using the following formula.
In the formula (2), R is the observation distance R, R v Atmospheric visibility, gamma: q is 1.3 for the wavelength of light. From equation (2) the beam energy attenuation coefficients for different observation distances can be obtained.
When τ is a (R) after the determination according to the observation distance R, the optical energy attenuation tau can be obtained by changing the radius of the aperture-adjustable circular diaphragm 18 a (R) beam transmission simulation effect, comprising the following specific steps:
1) If the angle between the optical axis of the collimator 12 and the normal line of the plane mirror 20 is a, the light energy reflected by the aperture with radius r is:
in the formula (3), d is the radius of the emergent caliber 13 of the collimator, and k is 2 Is the reflectivity of the planar mirror 20.
2) Taking tau a (R)＝τ′ a The radius r of the settable aperture-adjustable circular diaphragm 18 is:
3) As shown in fig. 2, an adjustable aperture circular diaphragm 18 is provided with an adjusting handle 19, each blade adjusts the aperture size of the circular diaphragm by the adjusting handle 19, the radius of the circular diaphragm is set to r, when the adjusting handle 19 moves to the rightmost end, the aperture is the largest, that is, r is the largest, and if the included angle a is equal to 450, the light energy attenuation ratio is 0.707.
As shown in fig. 2, the adjusting handle 19 on the circular diaphragm is moved to the leftmost side, the circular diaphragm aperture reaches the maximum, the corresponding radius is the radius d of the collimator light-emitting aperture 13, the circular diaphragm aperture radius becomes 0. The radius r of the aperture-adjustable circular diaphragm 18 is changed nonlinearly from leftmost to rightmost by moving the circular diaphragm clear aperture adjustment handle 19. Correlation of adjustment handle 19 with radius r based on the determinationThe scale marks are used for marking the handle of the circular aperture adjustable circular diaphragm 18, and the calculation of tau according to the observation distance can be realized with a certain precision a And (R) setting the radius R of the aperture-adjustable circular diaphragm 18 to realize the function of simulating light energy attenuation.
Referring to fig. 1, after the optoelectronic imaging system 21 to be measured is installed in the optical path and the adjustment of the consistency of the optical axis is achieved, the above-mentioned process can be used to simulate and set the target illuminance, size and contrast. The size of the simulation target relative to the tested photoelectric imaging system follows the principle of equal instantaneous field angle, namely the size L multiplied by k of the simulation object 1 The ratio of the focal length f to the collimator 12 is equal to the ratio of the size of the object imaged in the photo-electric imaging system to the focal length of the photo-electric imaging system. And meanwhile, setting a circular diaphragm radius r corresponding to the attenuation of light energy transmitted by the light beam, collecting image data of the photoelectric imaging system, and analyzing the detection and identification performances of the photoelectric imaging system.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
Claims (1)
1. Imaging detection distance test system based on simulation target and light energy attenuator, its characterized in that: the system consists of a simulation target subsystem and a simulation light energy attenuation subsystem;
the simulated target subsystem consists of a simulated target light source (3), a first rectangular diaphragm (4), a second rectangular diaphragm (6), a simulated target projection lens group (8), a projection light curtain (9), a simulated background light source (10), a simulated background projection lens group (11) and a parallel light pipe (12); the simulated target light source (3) is respectively connected with the target light source brightness control power supply (2) and the target light source illuminometer (1); the simulated background light source (10) is respectively connected with a background light source brightness control power supply (14) and a background light source illuminometer (15); the light outlet of the simulation target light source (3) is provided with a first rectangular diaphragm (4) and a second rectangular diaphragm (6) side by side, the rectangular light outlets of the first rectangular diaphragm (4) and the second rectangular diaphragm (6) are of adjustable structures, the adjustment directions are mutually perpendicular, and the two rectangular light inlets on the first rectangular diaphragm (4) and the second rectangular diaphragm (6) are positioned at the focal plane of the simulation target projection lens group (8); the light outlet of the simulated background light source (10) is positioned at the focal plane of the simulated background projection lens group (11); the projection light curtain (9) is positioned on the focal plane of the collimator (12), and parallel light beams emitted from the simulated target projection lens group (8) and the simulated background projection lens group (11) are overlapped in the same area of the projection light curtain (9) and emitted through the collimator (12) to form a simulated infinite target;
the optical energy attenuation subsystem consists of an L-shaped pipeline (16), a circular diaphragm (18) with an adjustable aperture and a plane reflector (20), one end of the L-shaped pipeline (16) is arranged at the light outlet of the collimator (12), the caliber of the L-shaped pipeline (16) is larger than that of the light outlet (13) of the collimator (12), and the inner wall of the pipeline is coated with a diffuse reflection coating; the folding position of the L-shaped pipeline (16) is provided with a circular diaphragm (18) and a plane reflecting mirror (20), the plane reflecting mirror (20) is overlapped on the outer side of the circular diaphragm (18), and the effective light beam reflecting area is adjusted through the aperture-adjustable circular diaphragm (18).
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| CN112672144B (en) * | 2020-12-22 | 2022-09-09 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | Large dynamic environment target simulation device |
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