CN109655813A - Calibrating installation and method in laser range finder room based on fiber delay time - Google Patents
Calibrating installation and method in laser range finder room based on fiber delay time Download PDFInfo
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- CN109655813A CN109655813A CN201910095822.5A CN201910095822A CN109655813A CN 109655813 A CN109655813 A CN 109655813A CN 201910095822 A CN201910095822 A CN 201910095822A CN 109655813 A CN109655813 A CN 109655813A
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- laser
- fiber
- range finder
- laser range
- delay time
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/497—Means for monitoring or calibrating
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- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Electromagnetism (AREA)
- Computer Networks & Wireless Communication (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
- Remote Sensing (AREA)
- Optical Radar Systems And Details Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
Calibrating installation and method in the invention discloses a kind of laser range finder room based on fiber delay time, device include receiving object lens, protection attenuator, fiber coupler, variable optical-fibre time-relay system, collimator objective, variable attenuator group；Variable optical-fibre time-relay system includes the fiber optic loop of multiple photoswitches and multiple and different length；The laser beam of measured laser rangefinder transmitting is attenuated by receiving object lens by beam diameter is emitted; then after protection attenuator does decaying to a certain degree; variable optical-fibre time-relay system delay transport is entered by fiber coupler; last collimated object lens beam path alignment and after the decaying of variable attenuator group, returns to the reception system of measured laser rangefinder.The present invention can maximum ranging distance to laser range finder and range accuracy calibrate.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to calibration cartridges in electro-optical distance measurement field more particularly to a kind of laser range finder room based on fiber delay time
It sets and method.
Background technique
Pulse laser laser welder, to objective emission laser pulse, reaches target simultaneously by measurement laser using pulse laser
The time that rangefinder receives system is returned to by target, calculates the distance of target.The most important ranging of pulse laser laser welder
Energy i.e. maximum ranging distance and range accuracy is broadly divided into two major classes at present to the calibration method of both range performances: one kind is real
Under the Atmospheric Condition of border, cooperate the standard target plate of certain distance, is calibrated with the method for extinction ratio；Another kind of is exactly indoor simulation
Calibration.Under real atmosphere environmental condition, entire test process is larger by weather and site influence, unstable result；Indoor mould
Quasi- calibration mainly has simulated photoelectric method and optical fiber simulation, and both methods is simulated with delay circuit and time delay optical fiber sharp respectively
The transmission process of light.Wherein, the electricity delay of simulated photoelectric method realizes that application bandwidth is limited, and by circuit mainly by gate circuit
The objective factors such as consistency, temperature are affected；And optical fiber simulation is simulated using the optical fiber fabrication gauged distance of certain length
Device can only carry out the simulation of single distance, can not achieve multiple spurs from dynamic analog.
Summary of the invention
First problem to be solved by this invention is, for existing outdoor laser rangefinder calibration method, by weather and
The biggish deficiency of site influence provides one kind not by the indoor calibration method and device of environmental restrictions；
Second Problem to be solved by this invention is, for circuit delay and light in indoor laser rangefinder calibration method
Fibre is delayed respective deficiency, provides and a kind of is able to carry out maximum ranging distance calibration and multiple spurs from the laser range finder that range accuracy is calibrated
Indoor calibrating installation and method.
The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problems is:
Calibrating installation in a kind of laser range finder room based on fiber delay time is provided, including receive object lens, protection attenuator,
Fiber coupler, variable optical-fibre time-relay system, collimator objective, variable attenuator group；
Variable optical-fibre time-relay system includes the fiber optic loop of multiple photoswitches and multiple and different length；
The laser beam of measured laser rangefinder transmitting is attenuated by receiving object lens by beam diameter is emitted, then through protecting
After attenuator does decaying to a certain degree, variable optical-fibre time-relay system delay transport, last collimated object are entered by fiber coupler
Mirror beam path alignment and through variable attenuator group decaying after, return to the reception system of measured laser rangefinder.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the outgoing bore for receiving object lens Receiver aperture and laser range finder matches, and compression ratio is
5:1.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, fiber coupler uses SMA905 interface.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, attenuator group includes a series of numeraire attenuators.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, each photoswitch includes two path channels, and one of path channels connect a light
Fine ring, another path channels connect another photoswitch, which also connect with another photoswitch.
Connect above-mentioned technical proposal, the variable optical-fibre time-relay system further include sequentially connected range gating module, single-chip microcontroller,
Range display, the single-chip microcontroller also pass through a photoswitch controller and connect with multiple photoswitches.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the optical fiber of different length and multiple photoswitches constitute topological structure.
Above-mentioned technical proposal is connect, the field of view of receiver of collimator objective is greater than the angle of divergence of fiber exit laser, the light after collimation
Beam divergence angle is not more than the field of view of receiver angle of laser range finder.
Calibration method in the present invention also provides a kind of fiber delay time laser range finder room based on above-mentioned apparatus, calibration swash
When optar maximum ranging distance, the decaying multiplying power by changing attenuator group changes decaying of the calibrating installation to transmitted laser
Amount, simulates equivalent extinction ratio when different ranging conditions, calibrates to the maximum ranging distance of measured laser rangefinder.
Calibration method in the present invention also provides a kind of fiber delay time laser range finder room based on above-mentioned apparatus, is being calibrated
When range accuracy, change the length of fiber path by can be changed optical-fibre time-relay system, simulated laser is in different distance atmosphere
Transmission calibrates distance measurement value and simulated range deviation under different distance after the ranging for being carried out requiring number by calibration equipment
Root-mean-square value, as range accuracy.
The beneficial effect comprise that: the present invention gets rid of field target compared with existing laser ranging calibrating installation
The constraint of plate, is not influenced by weather and site condition, can maximum ranging distance to laser range finder and range accuracy carry out school
It is quasi-.
The present invention is changed to the fixed range single hop optical fiber in traditional fiber simulation by photoswitch and multistage gauged distance
The topographical form of optical fiber composition calibrates the range accuracy under different distance so as to simulate different target ranges.
Detailed description of the invention
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to the attached drawings and examples, in attached drawing:
Fig. 1 is structural schematic diagram of the embodiment of the present invention based on calibrating installation in the laser range finder room of fiber delay time；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram that the embodiment of the present invention can be changed optical-fibre time-relay system.
Specific embodiment
In order to make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments, right
The present invention is further elaborated.It should be appreciated that described herein, specific examples are only used to explain the present invention, not
For limiting the present invention.
As shown in Figure 1, the embodiment of the present invention can carry out maximum based on calibrating installation in the laser range finder room of fiber delay time
Range calibration and multiple spurs are calibrated from range accuracy.The device includes receiving object lens 2, protection attenuator 3, fiber coupler 4, can be changed
Optical-fibre time-relay system 1, collimator objective 5, variable attenuator group 6.The laser beam of measured laser rangefinder transmitting is by receiving object
Mirror 2 attenuates beam diameter is emitted, and then after protection attenuator 3 does decaying to a certain degree, is entered by fiber coupler 4 variable
Optical-fibre time-relay system 1 transmits, last collimated 5 beam path alignment of object lens and after the decaying of variable attenuator group 6, returns to measured laser
The reception system of rangefinder.
By changing the decaying multiplying power of attenuator group 6 to change calibrating installation to the attenuation of transmitted laser, carry out mould
Intend equivalent extinction ratio when different ranging conditions, to calibrate to the maximum ranging distance of measured laser rangefinder.
In calibration range precision, change the length of fiber path by can be changed optical-fibre time-relay system 1, thus simulated laser
Transmission in different distance atmosphere calibrates the ranging under different distance after the ranging for being carried out requiring number by calibration equipment
The root-mean-square value of value and simulated range deviation is range accuracy.
The effect for receiving object lens 2 is to compress the beam diameter of laser range finder shoot laser, so as to fiber coupling
Device 4 transmits light beam coupling entering light fibre, and compression ratio is designed by 5:1, and the outgoing bore of Receiver aperture and laser range finder matches,
Guarantee enough transmitances simultaneously.The compression ratio is determined according to laser range finder outgoing laser beams and time delay optical fiber core diameter
It is fixed.Since laser beam diameter is larger, the optical fiber of heart diameter very little can not be directly fully entered, it is necessary to first pass through compression shaping, then carry out
Decaying coupling just can enter optical fiber.
The effect for protecting attenuator 3 is that transmission fiber is protected not broken by laser.
Fiber coupler 4 uses SMA905 interface, convenient to dock with fibre-optical splice, coupled system use newest lens,
Laser is directly coupled into variable optical-fibre time-relay system by the integrated direct coupling system that fused biconical taper and optical fiber combine
1, the energy loss of system is greatly reduced, while improving the energy utilization efficiency of system.
As shown in Fig. 2, the variable optical-fibre time-relay system 1 further include sequentially connected range gating module, single-chip microcontroller and away from
From display, which also passes through a photoswitch controller and connect with multiple photoswitches.Range gating module refers to man-machine friendship
In mutual interface, it can be used to manually select the module of optical fiber simulated range.When manually selecting optical fiber simulated range, pass through single-chip microcontroller
Control switch controller realizes that the logical of different photoswitches closes, to realize the determination of different simulated ranges.
Further, each photoswitch includes two path channels, and one of path channels connect a fiber optic loop, separately
One path channels connects another photoswitch, which also connect with another photoswitch, multiple photoswitches and optical fiber
Ring forms topological structure, can measure a variety of different distances.
Such as Fig. 2, variable optical-fibre time-relay system 1 is made of with the different length fiber optic loop 8 demarcated multiple photoswitches 7, leads to
Switching photoswitch output channel is crossed, realizes the transmission in optical signal difference path；Topological structure is constituted by the optical fiber of different length, it is real
The simulaed path selection of existing different length；By formula:
ncOptical fiber=cVacuum
It can calculate, with L0=100m is minimum sandards range simulation unit, and required fiber lengths are that 136.3m is (right
In common single mode optical fiber, at a wavelength of 1550 run, n=1.467 is often taken), i.e., minimum optical fiber ring length is 136.3m, subsequent
The optical fiber ring length that each photoswitch is connected is 136.3 × 21m、136.3×22m、136.3×23m、136.3×24m、
136.3×25The simulation using 100m as minimum stepper distances can be realized in m etc., and longest optical fiber ring length depends on device
Need maximum distance to be simulated.
Collimator objective 5 meets two requirements, first is that field of view of receiver is greater than the angle of divergence of fiber exit laser, second is that after collimation
Beam divergence angle be not more than laser range finder field of view of receiver angle.
Attenuator group 6 is formed using a series of numeraire attenuators, and the attenuation coefficient of each attenuator accurate calibration leads to
The attenuator for crossing differential declines value is applied in combination to obtain required pad value.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, being equivalent to mirror surface using optical fiber when calibration laser range finder maximum ranging distance come the transmission of simulated laser
Reflection works as the hair of laser beam since effective Receiver aperture of laser range finder is much larger than the spot size from fiber exit
When dissipating angle no more than field of view of receiver angle, range equation are as follows:
Prmin--- minimum detectable power；
Pt--- the transmission power of laser；
Kt--- laser range finder optical transmitting system transmitance；
Kr--- laser range finder receiving optics transmitance；
α1--- atmosphere attenuation coefficien when optical fiber extinction ratio is tested；
L1--- the atmosphere of laser range finder to fiber delay time device is apart from overall length；
M1--- the decaying multiplying power of optical fiber extinction ratio attenuator added when testing；
M2--- the decaying multiplying power of laser pick-off coupling and collimation when optical fiber extinction ratio is tested；
M3--- the decaying multiplying power of variable optical-fibre time-relay system when optical fiber extinction ratio is tested；
In by school laser range finder practical work process, when there is the conjunction of cooperative target standard configuration, range equation are as follows:
Prmin--- minimum detectable power；
Pt--- the transmission power of laser；
τt--- the transmitance of laser range finder optical transmitting system；
τr--- the transmitance of laser range finder receiving optics；
Ar--- the receiving area of receiving optics；
As--- the specular cross section (target effective area) of measured target；
θ --- laser beam divergence；
σ --- atmosphere attenuation coefficien, can empirically formula calculate: V is atmospheric visibility σ=2.14/V；
ξ --- the oblique journey penalty coefficient of atmosphere rule of thumb usually takes 0.44；
R --- measured target distance (i.e. maximum ranging distance)；
In laser range finder real work, when reaching maximum ranging distance, receives echo and reaches neutrality distance measuring states,
Corresponding laser power is minimum detectable power Prmin；When being calibrated using laser ranging calibrating installation to it, pass through
Attenuator is added in the optical path to decay to the received laser of rangefinder, when reaching neutrality distance measuring states, at this time
Corresponding laser power is also minimum detectable power Prmin.Therefore it can be simulated with the above-mentioned two range equation of simultaneous in optical fiber
In the range equation of ranging condition, attenuator decaying multiplying power M in laser ranging calibrating installation optical path is calibrated1, laser pick-off coupling
Close collimation decaying multiplying power M2With optical fiber simulator decaying multiplying power M3Etc. all transmission processes to every decaying multiplying power of laser, and
Atmosphere attenuation coefficien α when optical fiber extinction ratio is tested1, the atmosphere of laser range finder to optical fiber simulator is apart from overall length L1；In reality
In range equation under operating condition, the receiving area A of receiving optics is calibratedr, the specular cross section of measured target
As, laser beam divergence θ, atmosphere attenuation coefficien σ, the corresponding parameters such as oblique journey penalty coefficient ξ of atmosphere, in laser range finder
In the case that laser transmission power and optical transmitting system transmitance, receiving optics transmitance determine, simultaneous equations are only
There are a unknown number, i.e. measured target distance R, and then its value can be calculated, is i.e. the maximum ranging distance of laser range finder.
Further, in maximum ranging distance calibration process, the outdoor target that 500m is remote in optical fiber simulation real atmosphere is needed
Distance, according to formula:
ncOptical fiber=cVacuum
It can calculate, the optical fiber ring length needed is 681.7m, is calculated using 136.3m as standard single segment apart from fiber lengths
Required fiber optic loop i.e. 136.3 × 20+136.3×22M needs first photoswitch and third photoswitch to open, connects first segment
With third section optical fiber, it is just able to satisfy the demand of simulation 500m actual range.
Further, in range accuracy calibration process, using the optical fiber of several sections of different lengths as delay cell, pass through
The closure of photoswitch and topological structure control the length of fiber path, range gating standard module with variable fibre delay line come
It realizes, adjusts photoswitch as needed with the best ranging precision of determination.By calibration equipment by optical fiber simulator to the simulation away from
From the ranging for require number, according to the following formula, the root-mean-square value for finally acquiring ranging and simulated range deviation is ranging essence
Degree.
σ --- range accuracy
Li--- i-th ranging measurements
L0--- simulated range calibration value
N --- pendulous frequency
It should be understood that for those of ordinary skills, it can be modified or changed according to the above description,
And all these modifications and variations should all belong to the protection domain of appended claims of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. calibrating installation in a kind of laser range finder room based on fiber delay time, which is characterized in that including receiving object lens, protection declines
Subtract piece, fiber coupler, variable optical-fibre time-relay system, collimator objective, variable attenuator group；
Variable optical-fibre time-relay system includes the fiber optic loop of multiple photoswitches and multiple and different length；
The laser beam of measured laser rangefinder transmitting is attenuated by receiving object lens by beam diameter is emitted, and is then decayed through protection
After piece does decaying to a certain degree, variable optical-fibre time-relay system delay transport, last collimated object lens light are entered by fiber coupler
Road collimates and after the decaying of variable attenuator group, returns to the reception system of measured laser rangefinder.
2. calibrating installation in the laser range finder room according to claim 1 based on fiber delay time, which is characterized in that receive
The outgoing bore of object lens Receiver aperture and laser range finder matches, compression ratio 5:1.
3. calibrating installation in the laser range finder room according to claim 1 based on fiber delay time, which is characterized in that optical fiber
Coupler uses SMA905 interface.
4. calibrating installation in the laser range finder room according to claim 1 based on fiber delay time, which is characterized in that decaying
Device group includes a series of numeraire attenuators.
5. calibrating installation in the laser range finder room according to claim 1 based on fiber delay time, which is characterized in that each
Photoswitch includes two path channels, and one of path channels connect a fiber optic loop, and the connection of another path channels is another
A photoswitch, the fiber optic loop are also connect with another photoswitch.
6. calibrating installation in the laser range finder room according to claim 1 based on fiber delay time, which is characterized in that this can
Becoming optical-fibre time-relay system further includes sequentially connected range gating module, single-chip microcontroller, range display, which also passes through one
Photoswitch controller is connect with multiple photoswitches.
7. calibrating installation in the laser range finder room according to claim 1 based on fiber delay time, which is characterized in that different
The optical fiber of length and multiple photoswitches constitute topological structure.
8. calibrating installation in the laser range finder room according to claim 1 based on fiber delay time, which is characterized in that collimation
The field of view of receiver of object lens is greater than the angle of divergence of fiber exit laser, beam divergence angle the connecing no more than laser range finder after collimation
Rating rink corner.
9. calibration method in a kind of fiber delay time laser range finder room based on claim 1, which is characterized in that calibration Laser Measuring
When distance meter maximum ranging distance, the decaying multiplying power by changing attenuator group changes attenuation of the calibrating installation to transmitted laser, mould
Intend equivalent extinction ratio when different ranging conditions, the maximum ranging distance of measured laser rangefinder is calibrated.
10. calibration method in a kind of fiber delay time laser range finder room based on claim 1, which is characterized in that surveyed in calibration
When away from precision, change the length of fiber path, biography of the simulated laser in different distance atmosphere by can be changed optical-fibre time-relay system
It is defeated, after the ranging for being carried out requiring number by calibration equipment, calibrate the equal of under different distance distance measurement value and simulated range deviation
Root value, as range accuracy.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110806573A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Indoor distance measurement precision real-time measurement device for laser distance measuring machine |
| US20200355608A1 (en) * | 2019-05-09 | 2020-11-12 | Advantest Corporation | Optical testing apparatus |
| CN112484690A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 河南省保时安电子科技有限公司 | Indoor calibration device of laser ranging telescope |
| WO2021062658A1 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Range measurement method and system for laser rangefinder, and storage medium |
| CN112649795A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Distance simulation method and system for evaluating performance of laser range finder |
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| WO2021062658A1 (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-04-08 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Range measurement method and system for laser rangefinder, and storage medium |
| CN112888959A (en) * | 2019-09-30 | 2021-06-01 | 深圳市大疆创新科技有限公司 | Measuring method and system for measuring range of laser range finder and storage medium |
| CN110806573A (en) * | 2019-12-13 | 2020-02-18 | 中国科学院长春光学精密机械与物理研究所 | Indoor distance measurement precision real-time measurement device for laser distance measuring machine |
| CN112649795A (en) * | 2020-11-19 | 2021-04-13 | 中国电子科技集团公司第十一研究所 | Distance simulation method and system for evaluating performance of laser range finder |
| CN112484690A (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2021-03-12 | 河南省保时安电子科技有限公司 | Indoor calibration device of laser ranging telescope |
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