CN108931783B - Device and method for measuring performance of laser ranging system with high precision - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring performance of laser ranging system with high precision Download PDFInfo
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- CN108931783B CN108931783B CN201810945412.0A CN201810945412A CN108931783B CN 108931783 B CN108931783 B CN 108931783B CN 201810945412 A CN201810945412 A CN 201810945412A CN 108931783 B CN108931783 B CN 108931783B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S17/00—Systems using the reflection or reradiation of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves, e.g. lidar systems
- G01S17/02—Systems using the reflection of electromagnetic waves other than radio waves
- G01S17/06—Systems determining position data of a target
- G01S17/08—Systems determining position data of a target for measuring distance only
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01S—RADIO DIRECTION-FINDING; RADIO NAVIGATION; DETERMINING DISTANCE OR VELOCITY BY USE OF RADIO WAVES; LOCATING OR PRESENCE-DETECTING BY USE OF THE REFLECTION OR RERADIATION OF RADIO WAVES; ANALOGOUS ARRANGEMENTS USING OTHER WAVES
- G01S7/00—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00
- G01S7/48—Details of systems according to groups G01S13/00, G01S15/00, G01S17/00 of systems according to group G01S17/00
- G01S7/481—Constructional features, e.g. arrangements of optical elements
Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for measuring the performance of a laser ranging system with high precision. The device can be used for detecting the divergence angle and the spot energy of laser in a laser ranging system and the ranging capability of the laser ranging system, and can also be used for calibrating the optical axis deviation of laser receiving and transmitting of detected equipment. The system is suitable for real-time calibration of the performances of various laser ranging systems, is also suitable for the fields of active and passive combined photoelectric system receiving and transmitting coaxial detection and the like, and has the advantages of fixed focal plane module, simple calibration method and low cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical detection, and particularly relates to a device and a method for measuring the performance of a laser ranging system with high precision. The test software is simple, convenient and quick to operate, and is particularly suitable for the fields of test requirements of a laser ranging system consisting of a sighting device, a laser emitting module and a laser receiving module, the receiving and transmitting coaxial detection of various laser active and passive combined photoelectric systems and the like.
Background
The laser ranging system is now an important component of various army arms sighting instruments; for example, a soldier army main battle tank, various gun-length image stabilizing sighting telescope, a vehicle length periscope sighting telescope, a sighting guidance instrument and the like of a mechanical infantry combat vehicle, and a laser ranging system can realize rapid, accurate and convenient modernization equipment for searching and observing, target ranging and azimuth measuring; because the technology of light, electricity, sensor and the like are integrated, the structure is complex, and the failure rate is higher. Particularly, in the current high-intensity actual combat training, once a laser ranging system fails, the combat purpose of command can be affected. The problems of multiple types of detection maintenance equipment, single function, multiple expenditure resources and low guarantee efficiency are difficult to solve for a long time because the detection maintenance problems of the laser ranging system of infantry, artillery, armored soldier and sea defense island army cannot be solved in a generalized way. To solve these problems, it is increasingly necessary to measure all indexes uniformly by an integrated method. Aiming at the current situation of the detection technology and means of the laser ranging system, the research on the universal performance detection technology and means which can be used in the wild and indoor, the individual soldier and vehicle-mounted, the army level and the base level and meet the requirements of various army laser ranging systems is urgently needed; can provide a certain support for the army equipment guarantee power construction. For a laser optical instrument, the optical axis registration degree is one of key technical indexes of the instrument, the change of an optical axis directly affects the detection level of the system, and along with the expansion of the application range of various optical instruments and the improvement of application requirements, the requirements on the stability and the optical axis registration precision of the optical instrument are higher and higher, and the requirements on the ground calibration and the performance test of the optical instrument are also put forward. The detection capability indexes of the laser remote sensing system mainly comprise system ranging accuracy, detection range (maximum range and minimum range), ranging resolution and detection probability (false alarm rate and false alarm rate). The change of the optical axis registration degree directly affects the detection capability of the system, which requires standard instruments or equipment to test the system and timely mark the change condition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device and a method for measuring the performance of a laser ranging system with high precision. The invention uses the light splitting function of the color separation film, fixes the dividing plate with the dividing line and the end face of the laser fiber on the two sides of the color separation film equidistantly, transmits the laser generated by the delay echo generator component to the inspected equipment through the fiber through the collimator, and simultaneously places the beacon light source output by the fiber on the focal plane of the collimator as the indication light. The system can be used for detecting the divergence angle and the spot energy of laser in a laser ranging system and the ranging capability of the laser ranging system, and can also be used for calibrating the optical axis deviation of laser receiving and transmitting of the detected equipment. The system is suitable for real-time calibration of the performances of various laser ranging systems, is also suitable for the fields of active and passive combined photoelectric system receiving and transmitting coaxial detection and the like, and has the advantages of fixed focal plane module, simple calibration method and low cost.
The detection device of the method is shown in the accompanying figure 1: the device consists of a collimator 2, a laser energy controllable attenuation device 3, a delay echo generator component 4, an attenuation device 5, an illumination device 6, a reticle 7 with a reticle, a detection camera 8 and a color separation 9 corner reflector 10. Wherein the exit fiber end face in the delayed echo generator assembly 4 and the reticle 7 with the reticle are placed at equal distances on both sides of the color separation 9, respectively, and then placed together near the focal plane of the collimator 2. Firstly, a laser emission module 1-2 of a laser ranging system 1 to be measured emits laser, the laser is converged on a reticle 7 with a reticle through a collimator 2, an illumination device 6 is started to illuminate a cross wire of the reticle 7 with the reticle, the laser spot intensity on the reticle is observed by a detection camera 8, the continuous energy adjustment is realized by an attenuation device 5, the laser energy is controlled to be at proper intensity, and the laser divergence angle of the laser ranging system 1 to be measured is obtained by the ratio of the laser spot size to the focal length of the collimator 2 on the reticle 7 with the reticle; the laser pulse signals scattered on the reticle 7 with the reticle are collected by the delay echo generator component 4, the delay echo generated by the pulse signals is emitted through the end face of the emergent optical fiber of the delay echo generator component 4, and is collimated and output by the collimator 2, whether the receiving and transmitting coaxiality is kept good or not is judged by whether the laser receiving module 1-3 of the tested laser ranging system 1 detects the signals, and meanwhile, the continuous adjustment of energy can be realized through the laser energy controllable attenuation device 3 so as to control the size of the output signals, so that the ranging capability of the tested laser ranging system 1 to different distances is simulated.
The corner reflector 10 is used for self-checking of the measuring device when being placed at the position of the measured laser ranging system.
The collimator 2 adopts a reflection collimator which is processed normally, the caliber of a telescope is 350mm, the focal length of the telescope is 2m, and the requirement of a parabolic surface RMS is better than 1/20λ@632.8nm.
The delay echo generator assembly 4 consists of a high-speed detector 4-1, a delay echo generator 4-2 and a controllable optical fiber output laser 4-3; wherein the high-speed detector 4-1 adopts a wide corresponding wavelength range; the delay echo generator 4-2 can perform beam shaping and delay pulse time, and can control the optical fiber output laser 4-3 to be matched with the wavelength and pulse of the outgoing laser of the laser ranging system 1 to be measured.
The spectral range of the illumination source of the illumination device 6 needs to partially cover the detection wavelength of the detection camera 8.
The angular prism 10 has a turning accuracy of less than 3 ".
The specific method for measuring the performance of the laser ranging system comprises the following steps:
1 firstly, a standard parallel light source is placed in front of the collimator 2, the wavelength of the parallel light source is the same as the wavelength of the laser to be measured, then a reticle 7 with a reticle is fixed near the focal plane of the collimator 2, the size of an imaging light spot on the reticle 7 with the reticle is observed by using a detection camera 8, the position of the reticle 7 with the reticle is adjusted to minimize the light spot, and the reticle 7 with the reticle is fixed.
2 before the reticle 7 with the reticle, the incident light is split into two beams, the transmission channel forms an image on the reticle 7 with the reticle, the reflection channel will generate another focus, the light guiding optical fiber in the delay echo generator assembly 4 is fixed near the focus, the output optical fiber of the delay echo generator assembly 4 is used for emitting laser, the laser wavelength is the same as the measured laser wavelength, the corner reflector 10 is placed in front of the collimator 2, then the front and back positions of the light emitting optical fiber end face of the delay echo generator assembly 4 are adjusted, and the output optical fiber of the delay echo generator assembly 4 is fixed no matter the corner reflector 10 is placed at any position of the transmission collimator, and the light spot at the reticle is fixed.
3, the light spot emitted by the time delay echo generator assembly 4 makes the imaging light spot of the standard collimator tube minimum, and simultaneously coincides with the laser light spot emitted by the time delay echo generator assembly 4 and the cross wire with the dividing plate 7 of the reticle, and finally the optical fiber end face of the time delay echo generator assembly 4 is fixed.
4, before the assembled detection system is placed on the detected system 1, adjusting the azimuth and pitching angle of the aiming device 1-1 to align the cross wire with the dividing plate 7 of the reticle, starting the ranging laser in the detected system 1 by utilizing the dividing plate 7 with the reticle illuminated by the illumination device 6, and measuring the relative positions of the light spot and the cross wire of the dividing plate 7 with the reticle by utilizing the detection camera 8, wherein the position difference of the light spot and the cross wire represents the deviation of the optical axis of the aiming device 1-1 of the detected system and the emission system in the laser ranging module 1-2;
and 5, after the laser irradiates the reticle 7 with the reticle, part of scattered pulse light is detected by the high-speed detector 4-1, the signal is used as an initial pulse, the laser is controlled to emit the same pulse light after generating a delay echo, and the receiving response of a tested system is observed to judge whether the receiving and transmitting optical axes are registered or not.
6 the response capability of the tested system is observed by simulating the laser energy of different positions through the laser energy controllable attenuation device 3.
Through the test, the optical axis matching among the aiming device 1-1, the laser transmitting module 1-2 and the laser receiving module 1-3 in the tested laser ranging system 1 can be obtained; and meanwhile, the quality of the laser beam of the laser transmitting module 1-2, the ranging range of the laser receiving module 1-3 and the like can be detected.
The invention is characterized in that:
1) The self-checking method is simple and can be used indoors and in a vehicle.
2) The focal plane module manufacturing method is simple to operate and easy to learn, and is matched with computer software to operate.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the workflow of the present invention
Detailed Description
Examples of the implementation of the method according to the invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The main devices employed in the present invention are described below:
1) Collimator 2: the off-axis reflection collimator is processed in common, the caliber of the telescope is 350mm, the focal length of the telescope is 2m, and the requirement of a parabolic surface RMS is better than 1/20λ@632.8nm.
2) The laser energy controllable attenuation device 3: the model of Thorlabs is NDC-25C-4, the attenuation efficiency is from 0 to (-40) db, and the caliber phi is 25mm
3) Delay echo generator assembly 4: the device is self-made and mainly comprises a high-speed detector 4-1, a delay echo generator 4-2 and a controllable optical fiber output laser 4-3, wherein after the high-speed detector 4-1 detects a pulse signal, the delay echo generator 4-2 is used for generating a certain time delay analog echo signal, so that the laser output light of the optical fiber output laser 4-3 is triggered, and a laser signal of a delay echo is generated;
4) The attenuation device 5 adopts model number NDC-50C-4 of Thorlabs, the attenuation efficiency is from 0 to-40 dB, and the total light transmission caliber is phi 50mm;
5) The illumination device 6 adopts a wide-spectrum light source of Shenzhen Xin Sihe photoelectric company, the power is 2W, and the wide-spectrum light source is used for illuminating a cross wire of a reticle with a reticle.
6) Reticle 7 with reticle the differentiation plate was customized using Chengdu Yao spectral optics, inc.
7) Detection camera 8: the main performance parameters of the beam analyzer used were SP620, a model number of spiracon, usa: the working wave band is 190nm-1100nm, the pixel size is 4.4um by 4.4um, and the number of pixels is 1600 by 1200;
8) Color separation 9 Therlabs model FGL1000 color separation, its main performance parameters: the 1064 semi-transparent semi-reflective material is adopted, the clear aperture is 25mm, and the surface shape is better than lambda/10@632.8nm.
9) Corner cube 10: the pyramid prism with the model PS971 of Thorlabs is adopted, and the main performance parameters are as follows: the surface shape of the light-transmitting surface is better than lambda/10@632.8nm; the rotation precision is less than 3', the light transmission caliber is 25.4mm, and the light transmission range is 400-1100.
In the embodiment, the schematic diagram of the device of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and the specific steps are as follows
1 firstly, a standard parallel light source is placed in front of the collimator 2, the wavelength of the parallel light source is the same as the wavelength of the laser to be measured, then a reticle 7 with a reticle is fixed near the focal plane of the collimator 2, the size of an imaging light spot on the reticle 7 with the reticle is observed by using a detection camera 8, the position of the reticle 7 with the reticle is adjusted to minimize the light spot, and the reticle 7 with the reticle is fixed.
2 before the reticle 7 with the reticle, the incident light is split into two beams, the transmission channel forms an image on the reticle 7 with the reticle, the reflection channel will generate another focus, the light guiding optical fiber in the delay echo generator assembly 4 is fixed near the focus, the output optical fiber of the delay echo generator assembly 4 is used for emitting laser, the laser wavelength is the same as the measured laser wavelength, the corner reflector 10 is placed in front of the collimator 2, then the front and back positions of the light emitting optical fiber end face of the delay echo generator assembly 4 are adjusted, and the output optical fiber of the delay echo generator assembly 4 is fixed no matter the corner reflector 10 is placed at any position of the transmission collimator, and the light spot at the reticle is fixed.
3, the light spot emitted by the time delay echo generator assembly 4 makes the imaging light spot of the standard collimator tube minimum, and simultaneously coincides with the laser light spot emitted by the time delay echo generator assembly 4 and the cross wire with the dividing plate 7 of the reticle, and finally the optical fiber end face of the time delay echo generator assembly 4 is fixed.
4, before the assembled detection system is placed on the detected system 1, adjusting the azimuth and pitching angle of the aiming device 1-1 to align the cross wire with the dividing plate 7 of the reticle, starting the ranging laser in the detected system 1 by utilizing the dividing plate 7 with the reticle illuminated by the illumination device 6, and measuring the relative positions of the light spot and the cross wire of the dividing plate 7 with the reticle by utilizing the detection camera 8, wherein the position difference of the light spot and the cross wire represents the deviation of the optical axis of the aiming device 1-1 of the detected system and the emission system in the laser ranging module 1-2;
5, after the reticle 7 with the reticle is irradiated by laser, part of scattered pulse light is detected by the high-speed detector 4-1, the signal is used as an initial pulse, the laser is controlled to emit the same pulse light after delay and back, and the receiving response of the tested system 1 is observed to judge whether the receiving and transmitting optical axes are registered or not.
6 the response capability of the tested system 1 is observed by simulating the laser energy of different positions through the laser energy controllable attenuation device 3.
Through the test, the optical axis matching among the aiming device 1-1, the laser transmitting module 1-2 and the laser receiving module 1-3 in the tested laser ranging system 1 can be obtained; and meanwhile, the quality of the laser beam of the laser transmitting module 1-2, the ranging range of the laser receiving module 1-3 and the like can be detected.
Claims (5)
1. The utility model provides a device of laser rangefinder system performance is measured to high accuracy, includes collimator (2), controllable attenuator of laser energy (3), time delay echo generator subassembly (4), attenuator (5), lighting device (6), has reticle (7), detection camera (8), colour separation piece (9) and corner reflector (10), its characterized in that:
the emergent optical fiber end face in the delay echo generator component (4) and a reticle (7) with a reticle are respectively placed at equal distances on two sides of a color separation film (9), and then are placed near the focal plane of a collimator (2) together; firstly, a laser emitting module (1-2) of a laser ranging system (1) to be measured is turned on to emit laser, the laser is converged on a reticle (7) with a reticle through a collimator (2), an illuminating device (6) is turned on to illuminate a cross wire of the reticle (7) with the reticle, continuous energy adjustment is realized by an attenuation device (5) to control the laser energy to proper intensity, the intensity of a laser spot on the reticle is observed by a detection camera (8), and the divergence angle of the laser ranging system (1) to be measured is obtained by the ratio of the laser spot size to the focal length of the collimator (2) through the laser spot size on the reticle (7) with the reticle; the laser pulse signals are scattered by a laser emitting module on a reticle (7) with a reticle are collected by a delay echo generator component (4), the delayed echoes are generated by the pulse signals and emitted through the end face of an emergent optical fiber of the delay echo generator component (4), the signals are collimated and output by a collimator (2), whether the receiving and transmitting axes are kept good or not is judged by whether a laser receiving module (1-3) of a tested laser ranging system detects the signals or not, and meanwhile, continuous energy adjustment is realized by a laser energy controllable attenuation device (3) to control the size of the output signals, so that the ranging capability of the tested laser ranging system (1) to different distances is simulated;
the corner reflector (10) is used for self-checking of the measuring device when being placed at the position of the measured laser ranging system;
the delay echo generator assembly (4) consists of a high-speed detector (4-1), a delay echo generator (4-2) and a controllable optical fiber output laser (4-3); the high-speed detector (4-1) adopts a corresponding wide wavelength range; the delay echo generator (4-2) can carry out beam shaping and delay pulse time, and can control the wavelength and pulse matching of the optical fiber output laser (4-3) and the outgoing laser of the tested laser ranging system (1).
2. The apparatus for high precision measurement of laser ranging system performance as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the collimator (2) adopts a reflective collimator, the caliber of the telescope is 350mm, the focal length of the telescope is 2m, the requirement of a parabolic surface RMS is better than 1/20λ, and λ=632.8nm.
3. The apparatus for high precision measurement of laser ranging system performance as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the spectrum range of the illumination light source of the illumination device (6) needs to partially cover the detection wavelength of the detection camera (8).
4. The apparatus for high precision measurement of laser ranging system performance as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the rotation precision of the corner reflector (10) is less than 3'.
5. A laser ranging system performance measurement method based on the device for measuring the performance of the laser ranging system with high precision according to claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises the following steps:
1) Firstly, a standard parallel light source is placed in front of a collimator (2), the wavelength of the parallel light source is the same as the wavelength of laser to be measured, then a reticle (7) with a reticle is fixed near the focal plane of the collimator (2), the size of an imaging light spot on the reticle (7) with the reticle is observed by a detection camera (8), the position of the reticle (7) with the reticle is adjusted to enable the light spot to be minimum, and the reticle (7) with the reticle is fixed;
2) Adding a color separation film (9) in front of a reticle (7) with a reticle, dividing incident light into two beams, imaging a transmission channel on the reticle (7) with the reticle, fixing a light guiding optical fiber in a delay echo generator assembly (4) near the focus by a reflection channel, transmitting laser light by utilizing an output optical fiber of the delay echo generator assembly (4), setting a corner reflector (10) in front of a collimator (2) with the same laser wavelength as the wavelength of the laser to be measured, then adjusting the front and back positions of the light emitting optical fiber end face of the delay echo generator assembly (4) until the output optical fiber of the delay echo generator assembly (4) is fixed no matter whether the corner reflector (10) is arranged at any position of the transmission collimator;
3) The light spot emitted by the delay echo generator component (4) is enabled to be the smallest in the standard collimator imaging light spot, and is overlapped with the laser light spot emitted by the delay echo generator component (4) and the cross wire of the dividing plate (7) with the dividing line, and finally the optical fiber end face of the delay echo generator component (4) is fixed;
4) Before the assembled detection system is placed in the laser ranging system (1) to be detected, the azimuth and the pitching angle of the aiming device (1-1) are adjusted to align the cross wire of the dividing plate (7) with the reticle, the dividing plate (7) with the reticle illuminated by the illumination device (6) is utilized to start the ranging laser in the laser ranging system (1) to be detected, the relative position of the light spot and the cross wire of the dividing plate (7) with the reticle is measured by the detection camera (8), and the position difference of the light spot and the cross wire represents the optical axis deviation of the aiming device (1-1) of the laser ranging system (1) to be detected and the emission system in the laser emission module (1-2);
5) After the reticle (7) with the reticle is irradiated by laser, part of scattered pulse light is detected by a high-speed detector (4-1), the signal is used as an initial pulse, the laser is controlled to emit the same pulse light after delay and back, and the receiving response of a tested laser ranging system (1) is observed to judge whether the receiving and transmitting optical axes are registered or not;
6) The attenuation device (3) can be controlled by laser energy to simulate laser energy at different positions so as to observe the response capability of the tested laser ranging system (1).
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| CN113340419B (en) * | 2021-06-19 | 2023-03-14 | 上海国科航星量子科技有限公司 | Laser divergence angle detection system and method |
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| CN205899009U (en) * | 2016-04-15 | 2017-01-18 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | Initiative optoelectronic system's coaxial fill light school device of receiving and dispatching |
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| CN106593718A (en) * | 2016-11-14 | 2017-04-26 | 江苏大学 | Dual-fuel jet research device combining schlieren technology and PIV technology and method thereof |
| CN107727008A (en) * | 2017-10-13 | 2018-02-23 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of active electro-optical system that measures receives and dispatches coaxial device and method |
| CN208902879U (en) * | 2018-08-20 | 2019-05-24 | 中国科学院上海技术物理研究所 | A kind of device of high-acruracy survey laser ranging system performance |
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