CN201348508Y - Standard starlight simulator and stray light PST optical detection system containing the simulator - Google Patents
Standard starlight simulator and stray light PST optical detection system containing the simulator Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型涉及一种标准星光模拟器以及含有该模拟器的杂散光PST光学检测系统,该标准星光模拟器包括光源、可变光阑、匀光器、星点板以及准直系统;可变光阑设置在光源的入射光路上;匀光器设置于可变光阑的输出光路上;星点板设置在匀光器之上;准直系统设置于星点板的输出光路上。本实用新型提供了一种可大幅扩大模拟星等的范围、在极弱光环境下可精确测量标定、测量精度高的标准星光模拟器以及含有该模拟器的杂散光PST光学检测系统。
The utility model relates to a standard starlight simulator and a stray light PST optical detection system containing the simulator. The standard starlight simulator includes a light source, a variable aperture, a homogenizer, a star point plate and a collimation system; The aperture is set on the incident light path of the light source; the homogenizer is set on the output light path of the iris diaphragm; the star point plate is set on the light homogenizer; the collimation system is set on the output light path of the star point plate. The utility model provides a standard starlight simulator which can greatly expand the range of simulated magnitude, can accurately measure and calibrate in an extremely weak light environment, and has high measurement accuracy, and a stray light PST optical detection system containing the simulator.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本实用新型涉及一种标准星光模拟器以及含有该模拟器的杂散光PST光学检测系统。The utility model relates to a standard starlight simulator and a stray light PST optical detection system containing the simulator.
背景技术 Background technique
星光模拟器是一种计量基准的标准源,主要是为了设立标准星等光度量。作为一种地面标定设备,星模拟器模拟出微弱的星光照度,星角直径以及光谱特性,用以测试及标定恒星、卫星探测器、星敏感器对不同星等、光谱特性的空间目标的敏感性,满足星光探测器,星敏感器地面模拟试验的需要。目前,星模拟器已成为星光探测器、星敏感器等地面标定试验关键仪器。The starlight simulator is a standard source of measurement benchmarks, mainly for the purpose of establishing a standard magnitude and luminosity. As a ground calibration device, the star simulator simulates the weak star illumination, star angle diameter and spectral characteristics, and is used to test and calibrate the sensitivity of stars, satellite detectors and star sensors to space targets of different magnitudes and spectral characteristics. It meets the needs of ground simulation tests of starlight detectors and star sensors. At present, the star simulator has become a key instrument for ground calibration tests of starlight detectors and star sensors.
随着对星光探测器的探测能力及精度要求越来越高,这必然对地面的标定设备星模拟器也提出了更高的要求。从国内外相关领域的研究看,微弱光的产生国外主要采用以下几种方式:As the requirements for the detection capability and accuracy of starlight detectors are getting higher and higher, this will inevitably put forward higher requirements for the ground calibration equipment star simulator. Judging from the research in related fields at home and abroad, the following methods are mainly used for the generation of weak light in foreign countries:
1)准直光管焦面上放置针孔,光源照明后产生模拟星点像,此方案无法定量标定,且模拟的星等较低;1) A pinhole is placed on the focal plane of the collimator, and a simulated star point image is generated after the light source is illuminated. This scheme cannot be quantitatively calibrated, and the simulated star magnitude is low;
2)用光纤将光引导到准直光管焦面上,通过加中性衰减片调节光通量,模拟出-2~8等星的星光,此方案无法定量标定,且采用光纤导光,光纤的弯曲,衰减等因素对系统精度影响较大。2) Use an optical fiber to guide the light to the focal plane of the collimator, adjust the luminous flux by adding a neutral attenuator, and simulate the starlight of -2 to 8th magnitude. This scheme cannot be quantitatively calibrated, and the optical fiber is used to guide the light. Factors such as bending and attenuation have a great influence on the system accuracy.
3)采用先进的液晶光阀技术,由计算机给出的模拟星图实时地送到高分辨率液晶显示屏上,照明系统照亮液晶屏产生模拟星点,再由光管送到星敏感器上以完成其星图位置的比较测量。此方法实时性高,图案灵活,但液晶屏分辨率低,对比度低,模拟出的角直径大,且无法定量标定。3) Using advanced liquid crystal light valve technology, the simulated star map given by the computer is sent to the high-resolution LCD screen in real time, and the lighting system illuminates the LCD screen to generate simulated star points, which are then sent to the star sensor by the light pipe above to complete a comparative measurement of its star map position. This method has high real-time performance and flexible patterns, but the resolution of the LCD screen is low, the contrast is low, the simulated angular diameter is large, and it cannot be calibrated quantitatively.
而在国内科研众多的科研机构中,多数采用液晶光阀技术,但从总体上来说,该技术所模拟出的星等仍然较低,难以满足高星等微弱星光的模拟,且极弱光情况下的标定存在很大的困难。However, most of the scientific research institutions in China adopt liquid crystal light valve technology, but generally speaking, the magnitude simulated by this technology is still low, which is difficult to meet the simulation of weak starlight with high magnitude, and the extremely weak light situation There are great difficulties in the calibration below.
杂散光水平是光学系统的一项重要指标,杂散光降低了光学系统像面的衬度及信噪比,在像面上产生光斑,对象质产生影响,严重时会导致系统失效。杂散光水平直接影响了探测能力的提高,因此光学系统的杂光设计和检测势在必行。从国内外的相关领域的研究看,对杂光水平的评价和检验主要通过对点源透过率(PST)和杂光系数(V)两种参数的测试解决。点源透过率(PST)定义为:PST(θ)=Ed(θ)/E。其中Ed(θ)是由离轴角θ的光源引起的探测器上的辐照度;E是在垂直于该点源的输入孔径上的辐照度。The level of stray light is an important indicator of the optical system. Stray light reduces the contrast and signal-to-noise ratio of the image plane of the optical system, and produces spots on the image plane, which affects the quality of the optical system. In severe cases, it will cause system failure. The level of stray light directly affects the improvement of detection capability, so the design and detection of stray light in the optical system is imperative. From the research in related fields at home and abroad, the evaluation and inspection of the level of stray light is mainly solved by testing the two parameters of point source transmittance (PST) and stray light coefficient (V). The point source transmittance (PST) is defined as: PST(θ)=E d (θ)/E. where Ed (θ) is the irradiance on the detector due to the source at an off-axis angle θ; E is the irradiance at the input aperture perpendicular to the point source.
不论是国内还是国外,要想同时达到模拟出更高星等的微弱星光以及解决极弱光情况下的定量标定都尚未得到很好的满足。Whether it is domestic or foreign, it has not been well satisfied to simultaneously simulate the weak starlight of higher magnitudes and solve the quantitative calibration in the case of extremely weak light.
实用新型内容 Utility model content
为了解决背景技术中存在的上述技术问题,本实用新型提供了一种可大幅扩大模拟星等的范围、在极弱光环境下可精确测量标定、测量精度高的标准星光模拟器以及含有该模拟器的杂散光PST光学检测系统。In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems in the background technology, the utility model provides a standard starlight simulator which can greatly expand the range of simulated magnitudes, can accurately measure and calibrate in extremely weak light environments, and has high measurement accuracy and contains the simulated Stray light PST optical detection system for detectors.
本实用新型的技术解决方案是:本实用新型提供了一种标准星光模拟器,其特殊之处在于:该标准星光模拟器包括光源、可变光阑、匀光器、星点板以及准直系统;所述可变光阑设置在光源的入射光路上;所述匀光器设置于可变光阑的输出光路上;所述星点板设置在匀光器之上;所述准直系统设置于星点板的输出光路上。The technical solution of the utility model is: the utility model provides a standard starlight simulator. system; the iris is arranged on the incident optical path of the light source; the homogenizer is arranged on the output optical path of the iris; the star point plate is arranged on the homogenizer; the collimation system Set on the output light path of the star point board.
上述标准星光模拟器还包括光度计量设备,所述光谱计量设备设置于匀光器上。The above-mentioned standard starlight simulator also includes a photometric measurement device, and the spectral measurement device is arranged on the homogenizer.
上述光度计量设备是照度计、光电池或光谱辐射度计。The aforementioned photometric device is an illuminance meter, a photocell or a spectroradiometer.
上述星点板上设置有星点孔,所述星点孔是一个或多个。Star point holes are arranged on the above star point plate, and there are one or more star point holes.
上述光源卤钨灯或氙灯光源。The above-mentioned light source is a tungsten halogen lamp or a xenon lamp light source.
上述准直系统是离轴抛物面平行光管、折射式平行光管或望远光学系统。The above-mentioned collimating system is an off-axis parabolic collimator, a refracting collimator or a telescopic optical system.
一种含有标准星光模拟器的杂散光PST光学检测系统,其特殊之处在于:该光学检测系统包括标准星光模拟器、载物台以及光电探测器、光陷阱;所述光电探测器设置在标准星光模拟器的输出光路上;所述载物台设置于光电探测器和标准星光模拟器之间。A stray light PST optical detection system containing a standard starlight simulator, its special feature is: the optical detection system includes a standard starlight simulator, an object stage, a photodetector, and an optical trap; the photodetector is arranged in a standard The output light path of the starlight simulator; the stage is arranged between the photodetector and the standard starlight simulator.
上述光学检测系统还包括光陷阱,所述光学检测系统整体置于光陷阱中。The above-mentioned optical detection system further includes an optical trap, and the optical detection system is entirely placed in the optical trap.
上述载物台是二维载物台。The above-mentioned stage is a two-dimensional stage.
上述光电探测器是高灵敏度光电探测器。The photodetector described above is a high-sensitivity photodetector.
上述光陷阱是黑布、遮光罩或暗箱。The above-mentioned light trap is a black cloth, a hood, or a camera obscura.
本实用新型的优点是:The utility model has the advantages of:
1、可大幅扩大模拟星的范围。本实用新型采用可变光阑进行调节光通量,与使用中性衰减片组组合调节光通量相比,可变光阑的连续调光量动态范围大,提高了模拟星等的范围和精度。同时本实用新型还采用星点板加准直器,模拟出无穷远处星光,星点板口径很小,可以模拟出极弱光光照度值,并通过外推的方法能使模拟星等数大大提高。可替换使用不同的星点板或小孔,以满足不同的需要,并可在一块星点板上开多个星点孔,以实现星图的模拟,大幅度的扩大了模拟星的范围。1. The range of simulated stars can be greatly expanded. The utility model adopts the variable aperture to adjust the luminous flux. Compared with the adjustment of the luminous flux by using the combination of the neutral attenuation sheet group, the dynamic range of the continuous dimming amount of the variable aperture is large, and the range and precision of the simulated magnitude are improved. At the same time, the utility model also adopts a star point plate and a collimator to simulate starlight at infinity. improve. Different star point boards or small holes can be replaced to meet different needs, and multiple star point holes can be opened on one star point board to realize star map simulation, which greatly expands the range of simulated stars.
2、在极弱光条件下可精确测量标定。本实用新型采用匀光器,保证了匀光器内光分布的均匀性,同时配合光度计量设备,使得出口处光量可精确测量。很好的解决了没有弱光标准下的测量标定问题。2. It can be accurately measured and calibrated under extremely weak light conditions. The utility model adopts a light homogenizer to ensure the uniformity of light distribution in the light homogenizer, and at the same time cooperates with photometric equipment so that the light quantity at the exit can be accurately measured. It solves the problem of measurement calibration without low-light standards very well.
3、测量精度高。本实用新型配合标准高灵敏度探测器,可以对长焦距光学系统进行杂散光PST测试,其测试动态范围大,动态范围可达10个量级。通过增加滤光片,使得系统可进行全色,单色的PST测试,通过更换不同小孔进行交叉定标,标定精度较高,且受温度等环境因数影响小,并且可以由计算机方便灵活的管理测量和标定过程。3. High measurement accuracy. The utility model cooperates with a standard high-sensitivity detector, and can perform stray light PST test on a long focal length optical system, and the test dynamic range is large, and the dynamic range can reach 10 orders of magnitude. By adding filters, the system can perform full-color and single-color PST tests, and cross-calibration can be performed by changing different small holes. The calibration accuracy is high, and it is less affected by environmental factors such as temperature, and can be conveniently and flexibly controlled by the computer. Manage the measurement and calibration process.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型所提供标准星系统的较佳结构示意图;Fig. 1 is the preferred structural representation of the standard star system provided by the utility model;
图2为本实用新型所提供的杂散光PST光学检测系统结构示意图。Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the stray light PST optical detection system provided by the utility model.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
参见图1,本实用新型提供了一种标准星光模拟器,该标准星光模拟器包括光源1、可变光阑2、匀光器3、星点板5以及准直系统6,可变光阑2设置在光源1的入射光路上;匀光器3设置于可变光阑2的输出光路上;星点板5设置在匀光器3之上;准直系统6设置于星点板5的输出光路上。Referring to Fig. 1, the utility model provides a kind of standard starlight simulator, and this standard starlight simulator comprises
该标准星光模拟器除包括以上器件外还包括光度计量设备4,光度计量设备4设置于匀光器3某一开口上。In addition to the above devices, the standard starlight simulator also includes a
星点板5上可设置有星点孔,星点孔是一个或多个。The
光源系统1是可以使用直流稳压稳流电光源如:卤钨灯,氙灯等。The
准直系统6是离轴抛物面平行光管、折射式平行光管或望远光学系统,各种摄影镜头。The
光源1通过光源系统产生的光通过可变光阑2进入匀光器3,通过调节可变光阑2,使得进光量可变,以实现匀光器3出口处光亮度的改变,从而模拟出不同的星光照度。The light generated by the
在匀光器3上安装光度计量设备4,由于匀光器3内光分布均匀,通过光度计量设备可测量光特性以及观测色温等性能的变化,以提供反馈,同时解决了极弱光情况下标定问题。光经过匀光器3出口处的星点板5照射到准直系统6,模拟出无穷远处星光,微米量级的星点板5口径,配合可变光阑2的调节,使得模拟的星等大大提高,并可以外推出更高的星等。很好的模拟出高星等微弱光。同时可在星点板5上开多个星点孔,则可实现多星点图的模拟。A
标定方法:根据以下公式:Calibration method: according to the following formula:
其中d为星点孔直径,F为准直系统6的焦距,L为匀光器3的出口亮度,由光度计量设备4完成测量。T为准直系统的光学透过率。Where d is the diameter of the star point hole, F is the focal length of the
本实用新型在提供一种标准星光器模拟器的同时,还提供了一种含有标准星光模拟器的杂散光PST光学检测系统,该光学检测系统包括标准星光模拟器、载物台8以及光电探测器9,光电探测器9设置在标准星光模拟器的输出光路上;载物台8设置于光电探测器9和标准星光模拟器之间。该光学检测系统还可以包括光陷阱10以及滤色片7,光学检测系统整体置于光陷阱10中,滤色片7置于匀光器出口处。While providing a standard starlight simulator, the utility model also provides a stray light PST optical detection system containing a standard starlight simulator. The optical detection system includes a standard starlight simulator, a
光学检测系统中所提到的载物台是二维载物台,可以在二维方向作俯仰,水平转动。The stage mentioned in the optical detection system is a two-dimensional stage, which can be pitched and rotated horizontally in two dimensions.
光电探测器9是高灵敏度光电探测器。该高灵敏度光电探测器是最小可探测光功率应小于1.0×10-10w/m2的高灵敏度光电探测器。The
光陷阱10是黑布、遮光罩或暗箱。The
本实用新型所提供的杂散光PST光学检测系统在进行PST测试时,首先将待测光学系统置于载物台8上,用较大口径的小孔替换星点板5,使可变光阑2达全开状态,以产生最大入射光照度。星模拟器出射的光进入被测光学系统,配以高灵敏度探测器9,既可进行PST测试,又可在匀光器3出口处增加滤光片7对被测光学系统在多色或单色光下的杂散光特性进行测量。When the stray light PST optical detection system provided by the utility model is performing the PST test, the optical system to be tested is first placed on the
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CN102116642B (en) * | 2009-12-31 | 2012-08-08 | 北京控制工程研究所 | Simulator of star sensor |
CN103234734A (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2013-08-07 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | large-caliber stray light testing device and testing method |
CN103234734B (en) * | 2013-04-09 | 2016-06-08 | 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 | large-caliber stray light testing device and testing method |
CN104236553A (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2014-12-24 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Autonomous all-weather stellar refraction satellite location method |
CN104236553B (en) * | 2014-09-10 | 2017-05-10 | 中国空间技术研究院 | Autonomous all-weather stellar refraction satellite location method |
CN105095608A (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2015-11-25 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | Method for testing stray light of satellite |
CN105095608B (en) * | 2015-09-21 | 2018-08-03 | 上海卫星工程研究所 | A kind of test method of satellite stray light |
CN105606388A (en) * | 2016-02-14 | 2016-05-25 | 长春理工大学 | Split magnitude adjustable star map variable static star simulator having sky background |
CN105606388B (en) * | 2016-02-14 | 2018-05-08 | 长春理工大学 | The variable static star simulator of the split type magnitude with sky background is adjustable star chart |
CN106289323A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-01-04 | 上海航天控制技术研究所 | The optical texture frock of the anti-Stray Light Test of star sensor and method of testing |
CN108519054A (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2018-09-11 | 长春理工大学 | Calibration device and calibration method for arc-shaped infrared target simulator |
CN108519054B (en) * | 2018-04-24 | 2019-12-17 | 长春理工大学 | Calibration device and calibration method for arc-shaped infrared target simulator |
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