CN102470753B - 具有设置在方向盘上的换挡元件的汽车 - Google Patents

具有设置在方向盘上的换挡元件的汽车 Download PDF

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CN102470753B
CN102470753B CN201080029186.3A CN201080029186A CN102470753B CN 102470753 B CN102470753 B CN 102470753B CN 201080029186 A CN201080029186 A CN 201080029186A CN 102470753 B CN102470753 B CN 102470753B
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automobile
suo shu
control element
shifting element
described control
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CN102470753A (zh
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M·瓦尔特
T·蒂勒
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Bayerische Motoren Werke AG
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60KARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PROPULSION UNITS OR OF TRANSMISSIONS IN VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENT OR MOUNTING OF PLURAL DIVERSE PRIME-MOVERS IN VEHICLES; AUXILIARY DRIVES FOR VEHICLES; INSTRUMENTATION OR DASHBOARDS FOR VEHICLES; ARRANGEMENTS IN CONNECTION WITH COOLING, AIR INTAKE, GAS EXHAUST OR FUEL SUPPLY OF PROPULSION UNITS IN VEHICLES
    • B60K20/00Arrangement or mounting of change-speed gearing control devices in vehicles
    • B60K20/02Arrangement or mounting of change-speed gearing control devices in vehicles of initiating means
    • B60K20/06Arrangement or mounting of change-speed gearing control devices in vehicles of initiating means mounted on steering column or the like
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/14Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means
    • B60Q1/1446Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means controlled by mechanically actuated switches
    • B60Q1/1453Hand actuated switches
    • B60Q1/1461Multifunction switches for dimming headlights and controlling additional devices, e.g. for controlling direction indicating lights
    • B60Q1/1469Multifunction switches for dimming headlights and controlling additional devices, e.g. for controlling direction indicating lights controlled by or attached to a single lever, e.g. steering column stalk switches
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/14Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means
    • B60Q1/1446Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means controlled by mechanically actuated switches
    • B60Q1/1453Hand actuated switches
    • B60Q1/1461Multifunction switches for dimming headlights and controlling additional devices, e.g. for controlling direction indicating lights
    • B60Q1/1469Multifunction switches for dimming headlights and controlling additional devices, e.g. for controlling direction indicating lights controlled by or attached to a single lever, e.g. steering column stalk switches
    • B60Q1/1476Multifunction switches for dimming headlights and controlling additional devices, e.g. for controlling direction indicating lights controlled by or attached to a single lever, e.g. steering column stalk switches comprising switch controlling means located near the free end of the lever, e.g. press buttons, rotatable rings
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60QARRANGEMENT OF SIGNALLING OR LIGHTING DEVICES, THE MOUNTING OR SUPPORTING THEREOF OR CIRCUITS THEREFOR, FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60Q1/00Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor
    • B60Q1/02Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments
    • B60Q1/04Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights
    • B60Q1/14Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means
    • B60Q1/1446Arrangement of optical signalling or lighting devices, the mounting or supporting thereof or circuits therefor the devices being primarily intended to illuminate the way ahead or to illuminate other areas of way or environments the devices being headlights having dimming means controlled by mechanically actuated switches
    • B60Q1/1453Hand actuated switches
    • B60Q1/1461Multifunction switches for dimming headlights and controlling additional devices, e.g. for controlling direction indicating lights
    • B60Q1/1484Multifunction switches for dimming headlights and controlling additional devices, e.g. for controlling direction indicating lights mounted on the steering wheel
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B62LAND VEHICLES FOR TRAVELLING OTHERWISE THAN ON RAILS
    • B62DMOTOR VEHICLES; TRAILERS
    • B62D1/00Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle
    • B62D1/02Steering controls, i.e. means for initiating a change of direction of the vehicle vehicle-mounted
    • B62D1/04Hand wheels
    • B62D1/046Adaptations on rotatable parts of the steering wheel for accommodation of switches
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/02Selector apparatus
    • F16H59/0204Selector apparatus for automatic transmissions with means for range selection and manual shifting, e.g. range selector with tiptronic
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/02Selector apparatus
    • F16H59/04Ratio selector apparatus
    • F16H59/044Ratio selector apparatus consisting of electrical switches or sensors
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/40Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/42Ratio indicator devices
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H59/00Control inputs to control units of change-speed-, or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion
    • F16H59/02Selector apparatus
    • F16H2059/0239Up- and down-shift or range or mode selection by repeated movement
    • F16H2059/0243Up- and down-shift or range or mode selection by repeated movement with push buttons, e.g. shift buttons arranged on steering wheel
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16HGEARING
    • F16H63/00Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism
    • F16H63/40Control outputs from the control unit to change-speed- or reversing-gearings for conveying rotary motion or to other devices than the final output mechanism comprising signals other than signals for actuating the final output mechanisms
    • F16H63/42Ratio indicator devices
    • F16H2063/426Ratio indicator devices with means for advising the driver for proper shift action, e.g. prompting the driver with allowable selection range of ratios
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T74/00Machine element or mechanism
    • Y10T74/20Control lever and linkage systems
    • Y10T74/20012Multiple controlled elements
    • Y10T74/20018Transmission control
    • Y10T74/2003Electrical actuator

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Arrangement Or Mounting Of Control Devices For Change-Speed Gearing (AREA)
  • Arrangement And Mounting Of Devices That Control Transmission Of Motive Force (AREA)
  • Mechanical Control Devices (AREA)

Abstract

本发明涉及一种汽车,具有变速器和可摆动地设置在汽车方向盘上的换挡元件(1),其中,通过操作所述换挡元件,所述变速器能够以电控方式从一个变速器挡位转换到下一更高的或者下一更低的变速器挡位,其中,在所述换挡元件上设置至少一个电气的控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)和/或至少一个光学的显示装置(4a,4b,4c,7)。

Description

具有设置在方向盘上的换挡元件的汽车
技术领域
本发明涉及一种具有设置在方向盘上的换挡元件的汽车。
背景技术
现代的跑车,例如宝马(BMW)品牌的一些汽车,除了具有设置在中间支架区域内的换挡元件之外,还具有所谓的“控制摇动件(Schaltwippen,换挡拨片)”,用于顺序地拉高变速器挡位或者拉低变速器挡位。“控制摇动件”应理解为这样一种操作元件,该操作元件可以例如具有杠杆的形式或者构造为类似于板片,并且可摆动地设置在方向盘上,也就是说,在转向时所述操作元件与方向盘一起转动。在宝马汽车中,所述控制摇动件是设置在方向盘的背向司机的一侧上。其设置得在人体工程学上十分有利,因为其按键区域或者手柄区域向上突伸超过上方的方向盘轮辐,故而位于司机的直接视野中,并且能够非常容易地用手够到。这种设置在方向盘上的控制摇动件能够实现特别是跑车式的驾驶,因为司机可以“手动”地换挡,而无需将手离开方向盘。
发明内容
本发明的目的在于,提供一种具有至少一个可摆动地设置在方向盘上的换挡元件的汽车,特别是具有“控制摇动件”的汽车,该换挡元件或者该“控制摇动件”相对传统的控制摇动件而言具备拓展了的功能。
为此,本发明提出一种汽车,具有
-变速器,
-可摆动地设置在汽车方向盘上的换挡元件,其中,通过操作所述换挡元件,所述变速器能够以电控方式从一个变速器挡位转换到下一更高的或者下一更低的变速器挡位,
其特征在于,在所述换挡元件上设置有至少一个电气的控制元件和/或至少一个光学的显示装置,其中,所述换挡元件构造为换挡拨片并且所述控制元件设置在所述换挡拨片的边缘区域中。
本发明的出发点是这样一种汽车,其具有变速器和至少一个可摆动地设置在汽车方向盘上的换挡元件。通过操作所述换挡元件,所述变速器能够以电控方式从一个变速器挡位转换到下一更高的或者下一更低的变速器挡位。
本发明的核心在于,在所述换挡元件上设置至少一个(附加的)电气的控制元件和/或至少一个光学的显示装置。因此,在按照本发明的换挡元件中,涉及到一种多功能的控制和/或显示元件,该元件除了用于变速器的换挡操控,还设定为至少用于另一功能的控制和/或用于显示状态、行驶状况参数、换挡状态等。
优选的是,所述至少一个(附加的)控制元件如此构造和设置:使得为操作所述控制元件而施加的力不操作所述换挡元件。这样可以规定:所述换挡元件能够在行驶方向上和/或逆对行驶方向操作,特别是能够偏转。例如可以规定:为了转换到更低的变速器挡位,必须依行驶方向按压所述换挡元件,而为了拉高排挡到更高的变速器挡位,则必须向后拉动,也就是说逆着行驶方向、朝司机的方向拉动所述换挡元件。为了避免由于操作所述附加的控制元件而无意地触发换挡过程,可以规定:所述至少一个附加的控制元件的操作方向基本上横向于汽车纵向或者在汽车的高度方向(竖向)上或者接近平行于汽车的高度方向。为操作所述控制元件所需要的力应该没有或者只有很小的、平行于换挡元件操作力方向的分力。
为了实现这一点,所述附加的控制元件可以设置在一边缘区域中,特别是在所述换挡元件的侧向的边缘,也就是说,面向所述汽车侧面的边缘上。作为另一选择方案,所述控制元件也可以设置在所述换挡元件的上部的边缘,也就是说,面向汽车顶部的边缘上,或者设置在所述换挡元件的下部的边缘,也就是说,面向汽车底部的边缘上。
所说“控制元件”的概念可以理解得非常宽泛。对于该控制元件,可以涉及例如一种简单的按键或者一种双键,或一种控制摇动件。这种双键或者说控制摇动件可以在例如宝马汽车的多功能方向盘上见到,在那里,它用于调节高保真音响设备(Hi-Fi-Anlage)的音量。作为另一选择方案,对于该控制元件,也可以涉及例如滚花轮或者滚花轮节段。当然也可以设想另样构造的控制元件。
可以规定:通过多次操作所述控制元件,能够调出电子的选择系统和/或信息系统的不同选择菜单或者信息菜单。
根据本发明的一种改进方案,所述显示装置具有发光二极管;或者作为选择,所述显示装置也可以直接就是由一个或者多个发光二极管构成。这里可以使用传统的发光二极管或者所谓的有机发光二极管(OLED)。
可选地或者补充地,所述显示装置也可以具有一显示器,特别是有机发光二极管显示器(OLED显示器)或者发光薄膜,可以借其显示不同的符号。所述显示装置也可以整合在所述控制元件中,例如一按键中。优选的是,所述显示装置设置在所述换挡元件的或者所述附加的控制元件的面向司机的正面上。
例如,显示装置可以用于显示换挡建议,例如显示当前特别经济的变速器挡位等等。或者作为选择,也可以显示各种不同的其他行驶状况参数,如当前所置入的变速器挡位。
此外,可以在所述换挡元件上设置多个附加的控制元件和多个显示装置。给单个的或者所有的附加的控制元件可以分别配置其中刚好一个显示装置,这个显示装置例如显示通过操作相关的附加控制元件所触发的功能。
如果有一显示装置作为“换挡点指示(Schaltpunktanzeige)”使用,也可以采用例如彩色的符号。这样,可以例如执行如下的逻辑:
-“绿色”指示意为:达到了最优转数/转速;
-“黄色”指示意为:现在开始可以合理地换挡;
-“红色”指示意为:临界的转数/转速范围,请尽快转换到更高的挡位。
此外,在方向盘上可以设置一个左边的换挡元件和一个右边的换挡元件,其中,所述左边的换挡元件例如用于拉低排挡,而右边的换挡元件例如用于拉高排挡,或者反过来。相应地,可以在所述左边的换挡元件上设置一显示装置,借助该显示装置敦促司机在必要时拉低排挡,并且在所述右边的换挡元件上设置一显示装置,借助该显示装置敦促司机在必要时拉高排挡。
概括地说,本发明实现了对传统的、设置在方向盘上的换挡元件的功能扩展,而且是在人体工程学上最优的能够够到以及看到的位置。对司机来说,在方向盘区域内对操纵元件进行操纵是有利的,因为他几乎不需要从路况上分散注意力。
通过一种“可变的符号表示”,在换挡元件上附加设置的控制元件也可以具备多种不同的功能,其中要为司机显示出哪一功能正在起作用。
附图说明
以下借助附图更详细地阐述本发明。图1至图4示出按照本发明的不同实施例。
具体实施方式
图1示出一个控制摇动件(Schaltwippe,换挡拨片)1。所述控制摇动件1的下部区域1a固定在此处没有更详尽地示出的方向盘的“中央部分”的或者轮辐的背向司机的一侧上。所述控制摇动件1可摆动地设置在方向盘上。可以规定:所述控制摇动件1能够在行驶方向上,也就是说远离司机,和/或逆着行驶方向,也就是说朝向司机,进行偏转。所述控制摇动件的上部区域1b突伸超过所述方向盘轮辐,并因此对于司机来说能够最佳地看到。
在图1示出的实施例中,在所述控制摇动件1的侧向的边缘2上设置了三个附加的控制元件3a、3b、3c。所述附加的控制元件3a、3b、3c在这里是涉及按键。
为操作控制摇动件1,必须施加一个基本上垂直于图纸平面定向的操作力。而为操作所述附加的控制元件3a、3b、3c则要施加一个基本上与之横向定向的压力。这样就几乎杜绝了由于操作所述控制元件3a、3b、3c而无意地操作所述控制摇动件。
图2示出了图1所示实施例的一种变型方案,其中,给所述三个附加的控制元件3a、3b、3c分别配置一个相配的显示装置4a、4b、4c。这里,两个指示标4b、4c组成了一个共同的显示器。
图3示出控制摇动件1的另一种变型方案,其中设置一个滚花轮5以及一个双键6(控制摇动件/摇臂开关)代替按键。借助所述滚花轮5能够改变例如高保真音响设备的音量。
图4示出这样一个实施例,其中,在方向盘(未示出)上设置一个左边控制摇动件1l和一个右边控制摇动件1r。所述右边控制摇动件1r此外还具有一个显示器7,该显示器上显示出当前所置入的变速器挡位。两个控制摇动件此外还具有多个发光二极管8、9,它们例如通过一种色彩逻辑可用作换挡点指示。

Claims (17)

1.汽车,具有
-变速器,
-可摆动地设置在汽车方向盘上的换挡元件(1),其中,通过操作所述换挡元件(1),所述变速器能够以电控方式从一个变速器挡位转换到下一更高的或者下一更低的变速器挡位,
其特征在于,在所述换挡元件(1)上设置有至少一个电气的控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)和/或至少一个光学的显示装置(4a,4b,4c,7),其中,所述换挡元件(1)构造为换挡拨片并且所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)设置在所述换挡拨片的边缘区域(2)中。
2.根据权利要求1所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)构造和设置为:使得为操作所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)而施加的力不操作所述换挡元件(1)。
3.根据权利要求1所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述为操作所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)而施加的力的方向垂直于或者尽可能地垂直于为操作所述换挡元件(1)而施加的力的方向。
4.根据权利要求1所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)设置在所述换挡元件(1)的侧向的、上部的或者下部的边缘上。
5.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)是按键(3a,3b,3c)。
6.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)是控制摇动件(6),该控制摇动件形成两个按键。
7.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)是滚花轮或者滚花轮节段(5)。
8.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,通过多次操作所述控制元件(3a,3b,3c)能够调出电子的选择系统和/或信息系统的不同选择菜单或者信息菜单。
9.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述显示装置具有发光二极管(9)或者由发光二极管构成。
10.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述显示装置具有显示器(4a,4b,4c)。
11.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述显示装置具有OLED显示器或者发光薄膜。
12.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述显示装置(4a,4b,4c,8,9)设置在所述换挡元件(1)的面向司机的正面上。
13.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述显示装置整合在所述控制元件中。
14.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,设有用于显示换挡建议的显示装置(8,9)。
15.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,设有多个控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6),其中,给单个的或者所有的控制元件(3a,3b,3c,5,6)合乎逻辑地分别配置所述显示装置(4a,4b,4c)中的刚好一个。
16.根据权利要求1至4之一所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述换挡元件(1)能够在两个相逆的方向上偏转。
17.根据权利要求16所述的汽车,其特征在于,所述换挡元件(1)能够在汽车的行驶方向上和逆对行驶方向的方向上偏转。
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