CN102449182A - 金属镀覆钢带 - Google Patents
金属镀覆钢带 Download PDFInfo
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- CN102449182A CN102449182A CN201080022702XA CN201080022702A CN102449182A CN 102449182 A CN102449182 A CN 102449182A CN 201080022702X A CN201080022702X A CN 201080022702XA CN 201080022702 A CN201080022702 A CN 201080022702A CN 102449182 A CN102449182 A CN 102449182A
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- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 20
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims description 20
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 4
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title description 4
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 59
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910007981 Si-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 229910008316 Si—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000006911 nucleation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 claims description 26
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 21
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000011856 silicon-based particle Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000001787 dendrite Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910018137 Al-Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910018573 Al—Zn Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000004927 fusion Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052787 antimony Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N antimony atom Chemical group [Sb] WATWJIUSRGPENY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012634 fragment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910019752 Mg2Si Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract 4
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 description 40
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 10
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 8
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 6
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron Substances [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000003618 dip coating Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 description 2
- 208000037656 Respiratory Sounds Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003916 acid precipitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane;zinc Chemical compound [AlH3].[Zn] HXFVOUUOTHJFPX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- -1 aluminium-zinc-silicon-magnesium Chemical compound 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010960 cold rolled steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004575 stone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052712 strontium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/12—Aluminium or alloys based thereon
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/26—After-treatment
- C23C2/28—Thermal after-treatment, e.g. treatment in oil bath
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/013—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of an iron alloy or steel, another layer being formed of a metal other than iron or aluminium
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C18/00—Alloys based on zinc
- C22C18/04—Alloys based on zinc with aluminium as the next major constituent
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
- C22C21/10—Alloys based on aluminium with zinc as the next major constituent
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/04—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor characterised by the coating material
- C23C2/06—Zinc or cadmium or alloys based thereon
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- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
- C23C2/14—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness
- C23C2/16—Removing excess of molten coatings; Controlling or regulating the coating thickness using fluids under pressure, e.g. air knives
- C23C2/18—Removing excess of molten coatings from elongated material
- C23C2/20—Strips; Plates
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- C23C2/00—Hot-dipping or immersion processes for applying the coating material in the molten state without affecting the shape; Apparatus therefor
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- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
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- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/12—All metal or with adjacent metals
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Abstract
含有球形Mg2Si相颗粒(≤2μm)的Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀覆带材。形成Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀覆带材的方法包括：(a)热处理固化后的镀层，以促进镀层中Mg2Si相颗粒发生球化；和/或(b)改变镀覆浴的化学条件，以形成金属间化合物相作为Mg2Si相颗粒的成核点，从而在镀层固化时形成小的Mg2Si颗粒。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及带材、特别是钢带，该带材具有耐腐蚀金属合金镀层。
本发明尤其涉及耐腐蚀金属合金镀层，其含有铝-锌-硅-镁作为合金中的主要元素，在此基础上，下面称为“Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金”。该合金镀层可以包含作为有意添加的合金元素或作为不可避免的杂质存在的其它元素。
本发明具体但不排他地涉及镀覆有上述Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金的钢带。这些镀层的一个主要应用是作为钢带表面上的薄(即2-100μm、通常3-30μm厚)镀层来针对腐蚀提供防护。该钢带能够冷成型(例如轧制成型)为最终用途产品，例如屋面产品。
背景技术
应当理解的是，下文中的术语“Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金”是指包含下述成分的合金：20-95％的Al、5％以下的Si、10％以下的Mg以及余量的Zn和少量其它元素；通常每种其它元素少于0.5％。
所述其它元素可包括Fe、Mn、Ni、Sn、Sr、V、Ca和Sb中的任意一种或多种。就Fe而言，对于通过普通的热浸镀方法形成镀层的情况，通常Fe的量为1.5％以下，并且作为杂质存在。
应当注意的是，除非另外明确提及，本申请文件中所有提到元素的百分数都是指重量百分数。
通常，Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金包含规定范围的下列元素作为主要元素：
Al：40-60wt％；
Zn：40-60wt％；
Si：0.3-3wt％；
Mg：0.3-10wt％。
通常，通过热浸镀方法在钢带上形成耐腐蚀金属合金镀层。
在普通的热浸镀金属镀覆方法中，钢带通常穿过一个或多个热处理炉，之后进入并且穿过装在镀覆锅中的熔融金属合金浴。靠近镀覆锅的热处理炉具有向下延伸至接近所述合金浴上表面的位置处的出口喷嘴。
通常使用加热感应器使金属合金在镀覆锅中保持熔融状态。带材通常通过浸入到浴中的细长的炉出口斜道或喷嘴形式的出口端部分离开热处理炉。在浴内，钢带绕着一个或多个浸入导辊(sink rolls)穿过浴并且从浴中向上穿出，在它穿过浴时镀覆金属合金。
在离开镀覆浴(coating bath)之后，镀覆了金属合金的带材通过镀层厚度控制工段、例如气刀或气刮工段，在那里镀覆表面受到刮擦气体的喷射，以控制镀层的厚度。
然后，镀覆金属合金的钢带通过冷却工段进行强制冷却。
之后可视情况，经过冷却的镀覆金属合金的钢带相继通过光整冷轧工段(也称为表面光轧工段)和拉伸矫直工段进行精整。在卷取工段处卷取精整过的钢带。
根据最终用途，可以在金属镀覆带材的一个或两个表面上涂覆例如聚合物涂料。
在澳大利亚和其它地方广泛用于建筑产品、尤其是型材壁和屋面板的一种耐腐蚀金属镀层组分为包含Si的55％Al-Zn镀层组分。该型材板通常通过将带涂层的金属合金镀覆带材冷成型而制成。通常，通过将带涂层的带材轧制成型制造出该型材板。
在固化之后，55％Al-Zn合金镀层一般由α-Al枝晶以及位于枝晶间区域中的β-Zn相构成。在热浸镀方法中，通过向镀覆合金组分中添加硅，以防止在钢基底和熔融镀层之间出现过度合金化(excessive alloying)。一部分硅参与四元合金层形成，但是大部分硅在固化期间沉淀析出成为针状纯硅颗粒。这些针状硅颗粒也存在于枝晶间区域中。
本申请人已经发现，当在55％Al-Zn-Si镀层组分中含有Mg时，Mg通过改变所形成的腐蚀产物特性，为产品性能带来一定的有益效果，例如改善了割边防护(cut-edge protection)。
但是，本申请人还发现，Mg与Si反应以形成Mg2Si相，而该Mg2Si相的形成以许多方式损害了Mg的上述有益效果。具体而言，Mg2Si相比Si体积更大，性脆并且具有带锐边(sharp edges)的“汉字(Chinese script)”形态。所有这些因素潜在地有害于镀层延展性，或可能促使镀层在高应变制造中破裂。本申请人已经发现，对于涂覆前的产品，特别是当用在“酸雨”或“被污染的”环境中时，较大的破裂是不希望的，因为它抵销了Mg在涂覆层下为镀覆带材的腐蚀性能带来的有益效果。因此，就延展性以及添加Mg会如何影响腐蚀性能而言，将Mg添加至55％Al-Zn-Si镀层组分中存在不足。
上面的说明不应视为承认在澳大利亚或其它地方中的公知常识。
发明内容
本发明提供一种Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀覆带材，该合金镀覆带材在镀层中分散有Mg2Si相颗粒，该Mg2Si相颗粒具有下列任意一个或多个特征：
(a)粒径≤2μm；以及
(b)比上述“汉字”颗粒更接近球形。
此外，本发明提供一种形成这种在镀层中分散有Mg2Si相颗粒的Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀覆带材的方法，该方法包括：
(a)热处理固化后的镀层，以促进镀层中的Mg2Si相颗粒发生球化(globularisation)；和/或
(b)改变镀覆浴的化学条件(coating bath chemistry)，以形成金属间化合物相作为Mg2Si颗粒的成核点(nucleation sites)，从而在镀层固化时形成小的Mg2Si颗粒。
根据本发明，提供一种形成金属镀覆带材、例如钢带的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)使带材通过含有Al、Zn、Si和Mg以及任选其它元素的热浸镀浴，在所述带材上形成熔融的Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀层；
(b)使镀覆带材冷却，以使所述带材上的熔融Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金固化并形成具有微观结构的固化镀层，所述微观结构包含α-Al相枝晶、位于枝晶间区域(interdendritic regions)中的富Zn相(Zn-riched phase)以及位于枝晶间区域中的Mg2Si相颗粒；以及
(c)在一定温度下将镀覆带材热处理一定时间，从而由α-Al相枝晶和富Zn枝晶间相的铸态(as-cast)微观结构形成Al-Zn相固溶体(solidsolution)，并促进镀层中分散的Mg2Si相颗粒发生球化；以及
(d)冷却热处理后的带材。
热处理步骤(c)可在至少300℃的温度下进行。
热处理步骤(c)可在至少350℃的温度下进行。
热处理步骤(c)可在至少450℃的温度下进行。
热处理步骤(c)可在低于600℃的温度下进行。
热处理步骤(c)可进行至少15分钟。
热处理步骤(c)可进行15-30分钟。
热处理步骤(c)可进行少于30分钟。
冷却步骤(b)可包括以足够高的速率冷却带材，从而至少部分地使Mg2Si相颗粒变成碎片以形成细小的颗粒，或首先在固化后的镀层中形成细小的Mg2Si相颗粒。
细小的Mg2Si颗粒的尺寸可小于≤2μm。
冷却步骤(b)可包括以至少150℃/秒的速率冷却带材。
所述冷却速率可为至少200℃/秒。
所述冷却速率可为至少400℃/秒。
所述冷却速率可为至少600℃/秒。
冷却步骤(b)可包括用水雾(water mist)或冷冻气体冷却带材。
冷却步骤(d)包括以满足下述条件的速率冷却所述热处理后的带材：该速率使Mg2Si相颗粒的生长最小化，并且至少实质上保留热处理步骤(c)中形成的更接近球形的Mg2Si相颗粒。
所述镀层可为3-30微米厚。
镀覆步骤(a)可包括提供具有下述元素或化合物的热浸镀浴：所述元素或化合物可作为Mg2Si颗粒的成核点。
其它元素可为锑。
所述方法可包括使涂料在镀覆带材上形成涂层。
根据本发明，还提供一种形成金属镀覆带材、例如钢带的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)使带材通过热浸镀浴，在所述带材上形成熔融的Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀层，所述热浸镀浴包含：Al、Zn、Si和Mg；可作为Mg2Si颗粒的成核点的另外的元素或化合物；以及任选其它元素；
(b)将镀覆带材冷却，以使所述带材上的熔融Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金固化并形成具有微观结构的固化镀层，所述微观结构包含α-Al相枝晶、位于枝晶间区域中的富Zn相以及位于所述镀层的枝晶间区域中的Mg2Si相颗粒。
其它元素可为锑。
Mg2Si颗粒的尺寸可小于≤2μm。
Mg2Si颗粒的形状可更接近球形，并且更少具有带有锐边的“汉字”形态。
根据本发明，还提供一种带材、例如钢带，所述带材具有Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀层，所述镀层具有包含Al-Zn相固溶体和Mg2Si相颗粒分散体(dispersion)的微观结构，所述Mg2Si颗粒具有：
(a)≤2μm的粒径；以及
(b)球形的形状。
在带材的至少一侧，镀层的厚度可为5-30微米。
就改善镀层延展性和提高耐腐蚀性而言，由本发明生产的镀层微观结构是有利的。
●改善的镀层延展性
比上述带有锐边的“汉字”形态更接近球形的细小的Mg2Si颗粒降低了高应变制造中的应力集中(stress concentration)，从而减少了潜在的裂纹产生及蔓延。
●提高的耐腐蚀性
将Mg2Si相改为比上述带有锐边的“汉字”形态更接近球形的细小颗粒降低了潜在的镀层破裂。就促进腐蚀通道被均匀地“阻塞”和“活化”而言，将镀层中Mg2Si相颗粒更为充分地分散也是有利的。因此，提高了镀层的耐腐蚀性。
附图说明
参照附图对本发明作进一步例举说明，该附图为根据本发明的方法生产Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀覆钢带的连续作业线的一个实施方式的示意图。
具体实施方式
参照该图，在使用中，在开卷工段(未示出)将冷轧钢带卷开卷，接着通过焊接机(未示出)将连续开卷的带材头尾焊接以形成连续长度的带材3。
然后将该带材连续穿过累积器(accumulator)(未示出)、带材清洁工段(未示出)和炉组件4。炉组件4包括预热装置、预热还原炉和还原炉。
通过小心控制过程变量，在炉组件4中对带材进行热处理，所述过程变量包括：(i)炉中的温度曲线；(ii)炉中的还原气浓度；(iii)通过炉的气体流量；以及(iv)带材在炉中的停留时间(即线速度)。
控制炉组件4中的过程变量，使得从带材表面清除氧化铁残余物并且从带材表面清除残余的油和铁屑。
然后使经过热处理的带材向下通过出口炉嘴，通入并且穿过装在镀覆锅5中的包含Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金的熔融浴，使带材镀覆Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金。该浴可包含一种或多种促进形成金属间化合物相(作为Mg2Si颗粒的成核点)的元素或化合物，从而在镀层固化时形成小的Mg2Si颗粒。优选地，通过使用加热感应器(未示出)使Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金在镀覆锅中保持熔融。在浴内，带材绕着浸入导辊穿过浴并从浴中向上穿出。在带材穿过浴时，它的两个表面均镀覆铝-锌-硅合金。
在离开该镀覆浴5后，带材垂直通过气刮工段6，带材的镀覆表面在该工段处受到刮擦气体的喷射，以控制镀层的厚度。
然后，镀覆带材通过冷却段7并且受到强制冷却。优选地，该带以足够高的速率进行冷却，从而至少部分地使Mg2Si相颗粒变成碎片以形成细小的颗粒，或首先在固化后的镀层中形成细小的Mg2Si相颗粒。通常，这将意味着至少以300℃/秒的速率冷却带材。
然后，经冷却的镀覆带材通过轧制段8，用来精整镀覆带材的表面。
最后，经精整的带材通过热处理炉9，并在该炉中进行热处理。具体而言，将带材在320-500℃的温度范围中热处理15-30分钟，以促进镀层中的Mg2Si相颗粒发生球化。然后冷却(通常用水冷却)热处理后的带材，以使Mg2Si相颗粒保持尽可能接近于热处理步骤结束时的尺寸和形状。
在不背离本发明的精神和范围的情况下，可对如上所述的本发明作各种修改。
Claims (15)
1.一种形成金属镀覆带材、例如钢带的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)使带材通过含有Al、Zn、Si和Mg以及任选其它元素的热浸镀浴，在所述带材上形成熔融的Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀层；
(b)使镀覆带材冷却，以使所述带材上的熔融Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金固化并形成具有微观结构的固化镀层，所述微观结构包含α-Al相枝晶、位于枝晶间区域中的富Zn相和位于枝晶间区域中的Mg2Si相颗粒；以及
(c)在一定温度下将镀覆带材热处理一定时间，从而由α-Al相枝晶和富Zn枝晶间相的铸态微观结构形成Al-Zn相固溶体，并促进所述镀层中分散的Mg2Si相颗粒发生球化；以及
(d)冷却热处理后的带材。
2.如权利要求1中所述的方法，其中所述热处理步骤(c)在至少300℃的温度下进行。
3.如权利要求1或2中所述的方法，其中所述热处理步骤(c)在低于600℃的温度下进行。
4.如在前权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述热处理步骤(c)进行至少15分钟。
5.如在前权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述热处理步骤(c)进行少于30分钟。
6.如在前权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述冷却步骤(b)包括以足够高的速率冷却带材，从而至少部分地使Mg2Si相颗粒变成碎片以形成细小的颗粒，或首先在固化后的镀层中形成细小的Mg2Si相颗粒。
7.如在前权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述冷却步骤(b)包括以至少150℃/秒的速率冷却带材。
8.如在前权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述冷却步骤(b)包括以至少600℃/秒的速率冷却带材。
9.如在前权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述冷却步骤(d)包括以满足下述条件的速率冷却所述热处理后的带材：所述速率使Mg2Si相颗粒的生长最小化，并且至少实质上保留所述热处理步骤(c)中形成的球形Mg2Si相颗粒。
10.如在前权利要求中任一项所述的方法，其中所述镀覆步骤(a)包括提供含有下述元素或化合物的热浸镀浴：所述元素或化合物可作为Mg2Si颗粒的成核点。
11.一种形成金属镀覆带材、例如钢带的方法，所述方法包括：
(a)使带材通过热浸镀浴，在所述带材上形成熔融的Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀层，所述热浸镀浴包含：Al、Zn、Si和Mg；可作为Mg2Si颗粒的成核点的另外的元素或化合物；以及任选其它元素；
(b)将镀覆带材冷却，以使所述带材上的熔融Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金固化并形成具有微观结构的固化镀层，所述微观结构包含α-Al相枝晶、位于枝晶间区域中的富Zn相和位于所述镀层的枝晶间区域中的Mg2Si相颗粒。
12.如权利要求11中所述的方法，其中所述其它元素是锑。
13.如权利要求11或12中所述的方法，其中所述Mg2Si颗粒小于≤2μm。
14.如权利要求11-13中任一项所述的方法，其中所述Mg2Si颗粒为球形。
15.一种带材、例如钢带，所述带材上具有Al-Zn-Si-Mg合金镀层，所述镀层中具有包含Al-Zn相固溶体和Mg2Si相颗粒分散体的微观结构，所述Mg2Si颗粒具有：
(a)≤2μm的粒径；以及
(b)球形的形状。
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- 2010-05-27 JP JP2012512168A patent/JP5980675B2/ja active Active
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107250418A (zh) * | 2015-03-02 | 2017-10-13 | Jfe钢板株式会社 | 热浸镀Al‑Zn‑Mg‑Si钢板及其制造方法 |
| US10662516B2 (en) | 2015-03-02 | 2020-05-26 | Jfe Steel Corporation | Hot-dip Al—Zn—Mg—Si coated steel sheet and method of producing same |
| CN107250418B (zh) * | 2015-03-02 | 2020-06-23 | Jfe钢板株式会社 | 热浸镀Al-Zn-Mg-Si钢板及其制造方法 |
| CN108474093A (zh) * | 2015-12-24 | 2018-08-31 | Posco公司 | 耐摩擦性和耐白锈性优异的镀覆钢材及其制造方法 |
| CN108474093B (zh) * | 2015-12-24 | 2020-10-30 | Posco公司 | 耐摩擦性和耐白锈性优异的镀覆钢材及其制造方法 |
| US10907243B2 (en) | 2015-12-24 | 2021-02-02 | Posco | Plated steel material having excellent friction resistance and white rust resistance and method for preparing same |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| KR20120025480A (ko) | 2012-03-15 |
| NZ597077A (en) | 2014-04-30 |
| MY179278A (en) | 2020-11-03 |
| US10731241B2 (en) | 2020-08-04 |
| CN102449182B (zh) | 2016-01-13 |
| JP2012528244A (ja) | 2012-11-12 |
| WO2010135779A1 (en) | 2010-12-02 |
| AU2010251878B2 (en) | 2016-05-19 |
| ES2661551T3 (es) | 2018-04-02 |
| EP2435593A4 (en) | 2012-10-31 |
| US20120135261A1 (en) | 2012-05-31 |
| JP5980675B2 (ja) | 2016-08-31 |
| AU2010251878A1 (en) | 2011-11-10 |
| KR101794102B1 (ko) | 2017-11-06 |
| EP2435593A1 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| EP2435593B1 (en) | 2017-12-13 |
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