CN102428867A - Methods for producing and planting longevity fragrant millet hybrid - Google Patents
Methods for producing and planting longevity fragrant millet hybrid Download PDFInfo
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- CN102428867A CN102428867A CN2011102994963A CN201110299496A CN102428867A CN 102428867 A CN102428867 A CN 102428867A CN 2011102994963 A CN2011102994963 A CN 2011102994963A CN 201110299496 A CN201110299496 A CN 201110299496A CN 102428867 A CN102428867 A CN 102428867A
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Abstract
The invention discloses methods for producing and planting a longevity fragrant millet hybrid. The production method comprises the following steps of: breeding a self-bred line, propagating, adjusting sowing time and a proper row ratio, taking artificial supplementary pollination measures, hybridizing by using Dao Ba Qi millet as a female parent and glutionous millet as a male parent, hybridizing by using a hybrid descendant as a female parent and wild broom corn millet as a male parent, and backcrossing by using a hybrid descendant as a female parent and Dao Ba Qi as a male parent. The plantation method comprises the following steps of: selecting a field for planting the millet in first year; ensuring not to applying a herbicide which influences next crops to preceding crops; ridging 15 days before plantation, wherein the standard is that 6 to 8 centimeters of soil is removed and ridges are high enough for planting the millet; removing the soil on the ridges before the millet is planted; and timely ploughing, sowing and fertilizing by using machines, and completing earth covering and compressing at one time, wherein the earth covering depth is between 2 and 3 centimeters. The methods are low in cost and high in yield, and are suitable for the field of crop plantation.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to crop technical field, production of the fragrant paddy crossbreed of in particular a kind of longevity and kind method for planting.
Background technology
Long-lived fragrant paddy and the contrast of conventional millet, because of millet (millet), millet is named grain again, from the ancient capital plantation is arranged for many years; Be of high nutritive value, but present plant fewer and feweri, and tracing it to its cause is that mouthfeel is poor because it yields poorly; The kind value is taken a lot of work, time-consuming, effort, replaced with rice by people, and when particularly planting, a paddy seedling; A series of work such as shovel millet make the peasant suffer untold misery, and economic benefit is low, and it is bad again that any grain of PR all hangs down mouthfeel.Because price is low, profit is limited, and planting conditions is restricted, is difficult to full stand if meet heavy rain sowing time, sometimes even No kernels or seeds are gathered, as in a year of scarcity, so the plantation grain belongs to the investment of the low income of excessive risk.Long-lived fragrant paddy has high yield, high-quality, resistant to lodging, characteristics such as adaptability is strong, to windproof, fix the sand, the improvement in saline land, grassland ecology reparation be rare new varieties.
In order to obtain good long-lived fragrant paddy kind, a lot of effort have been done by breeding man to this, utilize hybrid vigour; On the one hand, hybrid vigour is obvious, and the breeder can control hybrid strain on the other hand; Scale and quantity that the control seed is produced, this helps protecting the rights and interests of breeder and seed production.But the cycle is long, and price is high, and the peasant is difficult to bear.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention provides that a kind of output is high, mouthfeel is good and plantation saves time, the production of the long-lived fragrant paddy crossbreed in labour-saving and plant method for planting, and its technical scheme is following:
Valley of a long-lived hybrid production methods, including inbred breeding, breeding, adjust sowing, suitable line ratio, artificial pollination measures in order to Dao Qi Guzai female parent, sticky Vale do paternal hybridization, and then to do with the next generation of hybrid female, male hybrid of wild porridge son do, and then do the next generation of its female parent, male parent backcross knife Qi made, the specific steps:
1) be for the first time that the neat millet of hilt is cooked maternal the kind on middle ridge with neat millet of hilt and the hybridization of sticking paddy, paddy is glued on various ridges, both sides; 60 centimeters of row spacings, 10 centimeters of spacing in the rows are sowed at twice; A ridge, 5 days another ridges of kind, interval are the paddy sign indicating number of not blooming; Opened the paddy sign indicating number of spending and cut with scissors, and stayed the paddy sign indicating number that to be ready blooming and remove male flower anther, it is good that grain ear and near two the best male parent grain ear of handling well are held together usefulness glass paper cap with cotton rope; Wait to be subjected to glassine paper to be taken away behind the powder, hybridization finishes again, and the superseded Gu order of not doing hybridization is fallen;
2) for the second time be to do female parent with the following generation (No. 2, code name) of the neat and sticking paddy hybridization of hilt, do paternal hybrid with wild broom corn millet, wild broom corn millet will be divided and sowed for 4 times, plants a ridge for the first time; Spacing in the rows 20-25 centimetre is sowed at a distance from strain, separates that strain in kind after 5 days, is planting another ridge after 8 days; Also will be at a distance from strain kind, that strain at kind of interval after 3 days, 60 centimeters of row spacings; Kinds No. 2, ditch is than ten centimeters of normal furrow widths, wild broom corn millet spacing in the rows 20-25 centimetre; No. 2 12 centimeters, wait to have received to pull out superseded strain and wild broom corn millet together behind the powder hybridization same step 1) of process of being pollinated;
3) be with No. 2 and do female parent (No. 3, code name) with the following generation of wild broom corn millet hybridization that hilt is done male parent together and backcrossed for the 3rd time, hilt will early be planted 20 days together; Sow at twice, ridge in the middle of No. 3 kinds, hilt is planted the ridge, both sides together; Sowed for twice 5 days at interval, and planted a ridge, 60 centimeters of row spacings at every turn; Spacing in the rows 10-15 centimetre is hybridized the same step 1) of process of being pollinated.
Further preferred, remove male flower anther with tweezers.
Also can realize in the following manner in the technical scheme of the present invention: scald dead male flower anther with hot water.
The kind method for planting of the fragrant paddy crossbreed of a kind of longevity; Last year just kind of millet choose, preceding stubble can not be used the weed killer herbicide of following batch of influence, plants preceding 15 days ridgings; Standard is to drag the 6-8 centimetre enough high the getting final product of kind of millet; Treat to drag the soil on the ridge before kind of the millet, then with machine time ground, sowing, bearing, down fertile, hold up soil, shake and press once completion, hold up between the native degree of depth 2-3 centimetre.
Further preferred, preceding stubble is the beans stubble preferably.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
The invention relates to longevity incense Valley, breaking the conventional millet laws of nature, its high yield per acre (667 square meters) 800-1200 pounds, saline Ji stroke the earth yields up 400-500 pounds, good taste, soft fragrance, good viscosity, high nutritional value, protein content of 18% fat content of 1.7%, and the body must contain lysine, methionine, tryptophan, threonine, and other amino acids, and carotene, and other vitamins, which were higher than any food crops, millet is a warm fragrance longevity of beauty, Yang Shen, stomach, stomach with the old regulation and therapeutic effect, it taste good, it is appropriate to digest, is the ages of food, especially pregnant women, weak sick, the elderly and children good nourishing food, after years of research to solve the kinds of millet years of work, time-consuming problem.
Long-lived fragrant paddy characteristics involved in the present invention; Tillering ability is strong, and minimum objective wooden fork 3-6, maximum objective wooden fork 6-8, average objective wooden fork 4-6, the grain ear of objective wooden fork is the same with the grain ear of mobile jib big, and drought resisting is anti-saline and alkaline.
Valley of the present invention because of its longevity genes of wild rice sprouts and features, so strong disease resistance, suitable for all kinds of soil cultivation, because of its high yield, economic efficiency is high.Nearly two years to try to grow in Baicheng area and large-scale cultivation, have better harvests, drought here for many years, and the overwhelming majority are saline, strong disease resistance, resistance Valley febrile disease, white disease, Gu embroidery disease viral diseases, etc., because of its dwarf plants, so a well-developed root lodging Fu, Gu rod thick, tight valley yard afford tablets, regeneration ability, because it is off the main branches of a tree root shot dead branches of a tree instead of the Ministry of dead passengers will be able to cut, adaptable, because it has the genes of wild rice sprouts child and features a variety of soil can be planted, sandy soil best.
The present invention plants the millet quality better that method for planting obtains, about 100-110 centimetre of Huang Gu, glutinous millet plant height, and the heavy 18-25 gram of average fringe, thousand kernel weight 3 grams, go out paddy rate about 85%, milled rice rate about 80%, 100-110 days breeding time by spike length 20-25 centimetre.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment method of the present invention is done explanation in further detail.
Valley of longevity to the original; longevity Hong Gu Dao Qi Guzai are female parent, sticky Vale do paternal hybridization, and then do the next generation of hybrid female, male hybrid of wild porridge son do, and then do the next generation of its mother This, Dao Qi male parent backcross made.All will select best classic grain ear to stay inside and do hybridization next year usefulness about every tens square meter in the various several ground of parent of hybridization every year after the maturation.
Cross method: be for the first time with neat millet of hilt and the hybridization of sticking paddy.The neat millet of hilt is cooked maternal the kind on middle ridge, and paddy, 60 centimeters of row spacings are glued in various ridges, both sides; 10 centimeters of spacing in the rows, since 110 days breeding times of the neat millet of hilt, sticking paddy 95 days; So hilt takes specific viscosity paddy together and early planted 15 days, and will sow at twice, a ridge; 5 days another ridges of kind, interval are in order that get better paternal pollen.Because grain ear is not to bloom together, a grain ear ends the time spent and takes about 13 days, so will be the paddy sign indicating number of not blooming; Opened the paddy sign indicating number of spending and cut with scissors, and stayed the paddy sign indicating number that to be ready blooming and remove male flower anther, the way of my eunuchs has two; The one, remove male flower anther with tweezers, the 2nd, scald dead male flower anther with hot water, because male and female flower pesticide degree of being heated is different; Look for this temperature difference, then the grain ear of handling well and near two best male parent grain ear be held together with the glass paper cap well with cotton rope, wait to have received behind the powder taking away glassine paper; Hybridization finishes, for the better growth of hybrid seed will be fallen the superseded Gu order of not doing hybridization.
For the second time be to do female parent, do paternal hybrid, have only the 70-80 centimetre because wild broom corn millet plant is short with wild broom corn millet with the following generation (No. 2, code name) of the neat and sticking paddy hybridization of hilt, about 70 days vegetative period, and about 110 centimeters of No. 2 plant heights; So will early plant 30 days for No. 2 about 100 days vegetative period, and will plant for No. 2 in furrow, wild broom corn millet kind is on the platform of ridge, and it is short to solve male parent; Maternal high problem, wild broom corn millet will be divided and sowed for 4 times, plant a ridge, spacing in the rows 20-25 centimetre for the first time; Sow at a distance from strain, separate that strain in kind after 5 days, planting another ridge after 8 days, also will be at a distance from the strain kind; That strain at kind of interval after 3 days, 60 centimeters of row spacings are planted No. 2, and ditch is than ten centimeters of normal furrow widths; Wild broom corn millet spacing in the rows 20-25 centimetre, No. 2 12 centimeters, because of wild broom corn millet visitor fork is many, can reach between 10 to 20; Wait to have received to pull out superseded strain and wild broom corn millet together behind the powder, stay hybridization next year such as the wild broom corn millet of several strains use just passable, because of No. 2 be that former hybridization success rate far away is very low with wild broom corn millet hybridization, so want more multiplely.Hybridization is pollinated process with for the first time the same.
Be for the 3rd time with No. 2 and do female parent (No. 3, code name) with the following generation of wild broom corn millet hybridization, hilt is done male parent together and is backcrossed, and be that 90 days left and right sides hilts are about 110 together No. 3 breeding times; So hilt will early be planted 20 days together, sow ridge in the middle of No. 3 kinds at twice; Hilt is planted the ridge, both sides together, sows for twice 5 days at interval, plants a ridge at every turn; 60 centimeters of row spacings, spacing in the rows 10-15 centimetre.Below hybridization is pollinated process with for the first time the same.
Plant millet for many years and take a lot of work through having researched and solved for many years, the problem that wastes time and energy has been developed the sower of specially broadcasting millet, is that the smart machine of Brush type forms through changing closely; Specialized in individual Seeding box band on the Precision Seeding machine, the technology of Seeding box is identical substantially with the Precision Seeding machine, and Seeding box changes little, does more smart; Each case is adorned 3 jin of millets, and 2 casees of a machine band are once planted two ridges, and per hectare ground is with 3 jin of millets; The list kind, spacing in the rows 10-15 centimetre, the young device of broadcasting of the inside structure Precision Seeding machine is to broadcast the son with iron plate, the millet seeder changes firm silk into; Other basic principle is the same with the Precision Seeding machine, and distance is adjustable, has solved the thinning problem, plants first half of the month and has held up the ridge; Drag 6-8 centimetre soil before planting, the grass that comes out like this and the careless bud that does not go out have all been dragged, and have solved the farmland running to weeds problem, and to receive all be the machine completion from planting to.
Long-lived fragrant seed-grain method for planting; Preferably last year just kind of millet choose, what stubble can, beans stubble preferably; Before stubble can not use following batch weed killer herbicide of influence, and let as far as possible clean former ridge kind, avoid famine; If enough higher positions, ridge are without ridging, not high enough will be at preceding 15 days ridgings of kind, standard is to drag the 6-8 centimetre enough high the getting final product of kind of millet; Treat before kind of the millet to drag the soil on the ridge, promptly all dragged grass and careless bud simultaneously, just avoid the farmland running to weeds problem so basically.Even going out a grass also is seldom, in time transport, or shovel with hoe and to get final product with the fortune hoe, in time use machine time ground then, sower and the grain header of specially broadcasting millet are arranged; The machine sowing, bearing, following fertile, hold up soil, shake to press once and just can accomplish; Hold up between the native degree of depth 2-3 centimetre, be no more than 3 centimeters, hold up soil to lack easy bud and do, bad the emerging of how having held up soil; What also will be according to soil property to hold up soil, and sand property soil property will be trained a soil more, and the viscosity soil property will be trained a soil less, and the crop of kind millet and species is the same all to be that machine is accomplished from planting field management to harvesting; As long as the method for grasping saves time, the saving of labor, laborsaving, economic benefit is high.
Claims (5)
1 A Valley of Longevity hybrid production methods, including inbred breeding, breeding, adjust sowing, suitable line ratio, artificial pollination measures, wherein in order to Dao Qi Guzai female parent, sticky Valley hybrid male parent, and then the next generation of hybrid female parent, male parent hybrid wild child porridge, and then the next generation of its female parent, male parent backcross knife Qi made, the specific steps are as follows:
1) be for the first time that the neat millet of hilt is cooked maternal the kind on middle ridge with neat millet of hilt and the hybridization of sticking paddy, paddy is glued on various ridges, both sides; 60 centimeters of row spacings, 10 centimeters of spacing in the rows are sowed at twice; A ridge, 5 days another ridges of kind, interval are the paddy sign indicating number of not blooming; Opened the paddy sign indicating number of spending and cut with scissors, and stayed the paddy sign indicating number that to be ready blooming and remove male flower anther, it is good that grain ear and near two the best male parent grain ear of handling well are held together usefulness glass paper cap with cotton rope; Wait to be subjected to glassine paper to be taken away behind the powder, hybridization finishes again, and the superseded Gu order of not doing hybridization is fallen;
2) for the second time be to do female parent with the following generation (No. 2, code name) of the neat and sticking paddy hybridization of hilt, do paternal hybrid with wild broom corn millet, wild broom corn millet will be divided and sowed for 4 times, plants a ridge for the first time; Spacing in the rows 20-25 centimetre is sowed at a distance from strain, separates that strain in kind after 5 days, is planting another ridge after 8 days; Also will be at a distance from strain kind, that strain at kind of interval after 3 days, 60 centimeters of row spacings; Kinds No. 2, ditch is than ten centimeters of normal furrow widths, wild broom corn millet spacing in the rows 20-25 centimetre; No. 2 12 centimeters, wait to have received to pull out superseded strain and wild broom corn millet together behind the powder hybridization same step 1) of process of being pollinated;
3) be with No. 2 and do female parent (No. 3, code name) with the following generation of wild broom corn millet hybridization that hilt is done male parent together and backcrossed for the 3rd time, hilt will early be planted 20 days together; Sow at twice, ridge in the middle of No. 3 kinds, hilt is planted the ridge, both sides together; Sowed for twice 5 days at interval, and planted a ridge, 60 centimeters of row spacings at every turn; Spacing in the rows 10-15 centimetre is hybridized the same step 1) of process of being pollinated.
2. the production method of the fragrant paddy crossbreed of longevity according to claim 1 is characterized in that, removes male flower anther with tweezers.
3. the production method of the fragrant paddy crossbreed of longevity according to claim 1 is characterized in that, scalds dead male flower anther with hot water.
4. the kind method for planting of the fragrant paddy crossbreed of the described longevity of claim 1 is characterized in that, last year just kind of millet choose; Preceding stubble can not be used the weed killer herbicide of following batch of influence; Plant preceding 15 days ridgings, standard is to drag the 6-8 centimetre enough high the getting final product of kind of millet, treats before kind of the millet to drag the soil on the ridge; Then with machine time ground, sowing, bearing, down fertile, hold up soil, shake to press once and accomplish, hold up between the native degree of depth 2-3 centimetre.
5. longevity according to claim 4 fragrant paddy crossbreed the kind method for planting, it is characterized in that preceding stubble is the beans stubble preferably.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102812879A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-12-12 | 贵州红四方农业发展有限公司 | Rice seedling transplanting method for hybrid rice male parents |
| CN105557272A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | High-yielding cultivation method of millets |
-
2011
- 2011-10-09 CN CN2011102994963A patent/CN102428867A/en active Pending
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| 《作物学报》 19890228 郑丕尧等 "谷上谷"生育性状的观察 Ⅰ穗分化进程与刚毛小穗的发育 53-58 1-5 第15卷, 第1期 * |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102812879A (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2012-12-12 | 贵州红四方农业发展有限公司 | Rice seedling transplanting method for hybrid rice male parents |
| CN105557272A (en) * | 2015-12-23 | 2016-05-11 | 山西省农业科学院经济作物研究所 | High-yielding cultivation method of millets |
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Application publication date: 20120502 |