CN102415282A - Method for grafting long-branch cion of tree - Google Patents
Method for grafting long-branch cion of tree Download PDFInfo
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- CN102415282A CN102415282A CN2010102946876A CN201010294687A CN102415282A CN 102415282 A CN102415282 A CN 102415282A CN 2010102946876 A CN2010102946876 A CN 2010102946876A CN 201010294687 A CN201010294687 A CN 201010294687A CN 102415282 A CN102415282 A CN 102415282A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for grafting a long-branch scion of a tree. Aiming at the conditions that the short-branch scion method for conventional in-vitro grafting of a grown tree has the defects that the survival rate is lower, the scion is not easy to sprout and the growth vigor is poor, the method disclosed by the invention can be used for grafting by adopting the long-branch scion of 10-20cm during the grafting and patching of the grown tress. Since the long-branch scion has abundant stored nutrients, fewer nutrients are lost and the possibility of causing death is lower during grafting under the sealing condition. Meanwhile, according to the method, a back interface at the lower end of the long-branch scion clings to the lower part of a lateral bud during grafting; and a combined mode of stock scion by combining the internal, the external and the periphery is adopted, so that the grafting survival rate can reach as high as 80-91 percent which is improved by 30-51 percent than the contrast rate. In addition, a new plant has favorable vigor and growth height improved by 31-61 percent than that of a contrast plant. The technology disclosed by the invention is suitable for intraspecific allied grafting as well as grafting and patching of fruit tree varieties and landscape tree varieties and has remarkable economic benefits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of stripped grafting method, especially a kind of is scion with the long shoot bar, and its grafting in of the same race or xenogenesis trees healthy and strong middle childhood on the limb, is made it to heal into the stripped grafting method of living and connecing for the adult trees of one or tree crown benefit.
Background technology
Plant graft is different with the relation of maternal plant and stock by scion, is divided into exsomatize grafting and disjunctor grafting two big classes.Big type of wherein stripped grafting, scion need be cut from parent (strain) during grafting, belongs to conventional grafting.Its most of grafting method is originally just to have, and the minority grafting method is new.Big type of disjunctor grafting, scion need not break away from parent (strain) during grafting, is the root graft of scion band.Its most of grafting method is new, and the minority grafting method is original.
If no matter plant graft with the grafting combination, by the combination branch of scion and stock, is the grafting of exsomatizing promptly, or the disjunctor grafting, all can divide into two big types: peripheral contact and combination of inner and outside formula.Be main for big type with peripheral contact wherein, what lean on is branch pericambium or parenchymatous function, and most plants all belong to this grafting combination, and its grafting method is also maximum, like cut-grafting, cleft grafting, side grafting, crown grafting and butt joint etc.Next is that combination of inner and outside formula is big type, and grafting method is less, and what lean on is scion medulla and stock cambium, or cambial effect inside and outside the interface, like the medulla cambium butt joint of loose China fir class etc.
If plant graft, can be divided into bud grafting and scion grafting two big classes by scion character branch.Wherein scion grafting is the big class of main grafting in this classification.Scion grafting is scion exactly with the plants shoots, and the common about 4～7cm of intercepted length is no longer than 8cm.If long, then graft survival rate is lower.
Summary of the invention
The technical assignment of technical problem to be solved by this invention and proposition is according to growing up trees and commodity trees in grafting and benefit connect, and there are the low and new plant undergrowth of survival rate in brachyplast grafting and the bud grafting adopted usually, and even one-tenth problem of not growing alive only; Be improved to and adopt the scion of long shoot bar to carry out grafting.These technical measures not only can significantly improve graft survival rate, can also promote new plant strain growth, effectively overcome the drawback of brachyplast grafting and bud grafting, and economy and ecological benefits are obvious.
For this reason, the present invention takes following technical scheme: the grafting method of a kind of trees long shoot bar scion, it is characterized in that giving birth to the branch section in long 1 year with 10～20cm is scion, and its 3～5 years of butting up against trees of the same race are given birth on the healthy and strong branch stem, use the tight wrapping of plastic film again; Scion soffit interface is close to the lateral bud below.This grafting method adopts the grafting combination of combination of inner and outside formula, and can be applicable to grow up economy and the grafting of landscape trees and benefit connect.
As to the improving and replenishing of technique scheme, the present invention also comprises following additional technical feature, so that individually or combine and be applied to technique scheme.
At first, the stage casing branch that robust growth, lateral bud is full is as the usefulness of scion, and during grafting, each scion need have full lateral bud more than 3.
Secondly, on adult stock tree, healthy and strong the stem position of the thick 2～5cm in footpath is as grafting part.
Moreover described butt joint is meant:
The stock interface is cut and is got: on the branch stem, cut earlier the angular cut at one 60 ° of angles, dark 0.5cm; The longitudinal incision that is deep to xylem at one 30 ° of angles is cut to this angular cut by 3～4cm place above this angular cut, the longitudinal incision lower end prune xylem a little;
The scion interface is cut and is got: the back side in the scion bottom, cut the angular cut at one 60 ° of angles, length 0.3～0.5cm near the lateral bud below; The outside of belly is whittled into the longitudinal incision at 30 ° of angles, length 2～3cm;
Grafting wrapping: make the scion interface corresponding, closely contact with the stock interface; The scion of whole long shoot bar will be close to the stock stem; Only expose 2～3 petioles after the wrapping, non-knot binding is adopted in wrapping.
At last, heal into live and firmly after, progressively wipe out or suitable above branches and leaves of control interface.
The present invention is a kind of stripped stem grafting method, with the stripped scion grafting of routine obvious difference is arranged:
What (1) the present invention adopted is the long shoot scion, and length is 10～20cm; The scion length of the conventional scion grafting of exsomatizing is shorter, is 5～8cm;
(2) scion soffit interface of the present invention is near the lateral bud below, and the grafting combination of employing is a combination of inner and outside formula; What the conventional grafting of exsomatizing was generally adopted is peripheral contact;
(3) scion of the present invention need be close to stock branch stem when grafting, will expose 2～3 petioles after the wrapping; Stock branch stem is not close in the conventional scion grafting of exsomatizing, and only need expose a petiole;
(4) long shoot bar of the present invention scion, stored nutrient moisture is abundanter, and vitality is stronger; The conventional scion grafting scion of exsomatizing is shorter, and the nutrient water of being preserved is less relatively, vitality a little less than.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. be applicable to kind of an interior nearly edge grafting, heal into motility rate 80%～91%, comparison is according to improving 30%～51%;
2. the grafting and the benefit that are suitable for adult fruit tree and landscape seeds connect, and the comparison of height amount of growth is according to improving 31%～61%.
Effect mechanism of the present invention is:
A. the long shoot scion reserves nutrient abundant
Grafting method of the present invention is a kind of stripped grafting, and scion need be cut from parent, and the independent living individual.Since the function that plants shoots has storage and carries nutrient, so scion is long and healthy and strong, and it is more then to reserve nutrient; Vitality is stronger after the grafting, is easy to into alively, and the back growing way of become living is also better.Add the stock position of this grafting method, be chosen in 3～5 years branch stem places (more than the about 1cm of diameter), can promote the one-tenth of long shoot scion to live and growth more.
B. the sealing of long shoot scion wrapping
Though the nutrient of long shoot bar scion storage is abundanter, meanwhile, water evaporates after the grafting and nutrient consumption are also more relatively.For this reason, desire will keep the advantage of long shoot scion, must prevent the consumption of its moisture and nutrient.Therefore, to make whole scion be close to the stock stem during grafting, and with plastic film tape sealing wrapping.This is a key of guaranteeing that the long shoot scion becomes to live.
C. comprehensive two kinds of grafting combinations
The present invention adopts two kinds of grafting combinations.Scion outside of belly interface wherein, with the combination of stock interface be peripheral contact; And the scion rear interface with the combination of stock interface, but is the grafting method of combination of inner and outside formula.This interface is near the cutting of lateral bud below, two-layer cambium inside and outside having.Therefore be easy to heal into work.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1: the sketch map of long shoot scion and interface cutting thereof.
Fig. 2: the sketch map of stock interface cutting.
Fig. 3: the sketch map of tiing up shape is pricked in long shoot scion grafting.
Label declaration among the figure: the scion of 1-long shoot, 2-scion outside of belly longitudinal incision, 3-scion back side angular cut, 4-stock trunk, 5-stock interface (the good angular cut of longitudinal incision), 6-stock major branch, the 7-grafting combines to prick ties up shape.
Embodiment
The present invention is further specified through embodiment below in conjunction with Figure of description.
Embodiment one ginkgo long shoot scion grafting method
One. overview
June, 7～10 years living potted landscapes of ginkgo are set 10 strains, carry out long shoot scion grafting (benefit connects).
Two. scion is chosen
Tree crown is gathered and to be given birth to healthy and strong branch then from young and middle-aged ginkgo female plant middle and upper part, with the usefulness of the full stage casing branch of lateral bud as scion.During grafting, each scion intercepted length is 10～18cm, and 3～4 full lateral buds of tool.
Three. the stock position is selected
On the potted landscape ginkgo, select the major branch stem of the stalwartness of life in 3～4 years, the thick 2～4cm in footpath to connect the position as benefit.
Four. interface is cut and is got and grafting
Adopt docking calculation.
The stock interface is cut and is got (referring to Fig. 2): on the branch stem, cut earlier the angular cut at one 60 ° of angles, dark 0.5cm; The longitudinal incision at one 30 ° of angles is cut to this angular cut by 3～4cm place above this angular cut then, and longitudinal incision is deep to xylem, the longitudinal incision lower end prune xylem a little.
The scion interface is cut and is got (referring to Fig. 1): the back side in the scion bottom, cut the angular cut at one 60 ° of angles near the lateral bud below, and length 0.3～0.5cm,
The degree of depth is just to see xylem, to lose medulla degree of beingThe outside of belly is whittled into the longitudinal incision of 30 ° of angles, length 2～3cm,
Reach xylem and medulla deeply
Five. scion and interface wrapping (referring to Fig. 2)
Make the scion interface corresponding, closely contact with the stock interface; The scion of whole long shoot bar will be close to the stock stem; With plastic film tape sealing wrapping, only expose 2～3 petioles again; Adopt non-knot binding method.
Six. cultivating and managing
Strengthen cultivating and managing.Heal into live and firmly after, can progressively wipe out or suitable above stock branches and leaves of control interface.To promote new plant normal growth.
Seven. result of implementation
Inspection after 1 year, 10 strain ginkgo potted landscapes benefit connects whole one-tenth and lives, and heals into motility rate 100%.Brachyplast scion grafting than under the equal conditions exceeds 70%; The comparison of height amount of growth is according to increasing by 56%.
Embodiment two wooden blue long shoot scion grafting methods
One. overview
Early spring, carry out wooden blue long shoot scion grafting, totally 30 scion.
Two. scion is chosen
Scion length 12～20cm.Other are with embodiment one.
Three. the stock position is chosen
With beautiful blue (prestige spring flower) bearing tree carpentery workshop is stock, and every strain stock tree goes up 5 grafting long shoot scion.Grafting part is chosen more than the life in 3 years, and the branch stem more than the thick 3～5cm in footpath is as grafting part.
Four. interface cutting and grafting
With embodiment one.
Five. scion and interface wrapping
With embodiment one.
Six. cultivating and managing
With embodiment one.
Seven. result of implementation
Inspection after 1 year, 30 the long shoot scion of grafting altogether of 6 strain stocks tree heal into 27 strains of living, survival rate 90%.Brachyplast scion grafting than under the equal conditions exceeds 46%; The comparison of height amount of growth is according to increasing by 37%.
Claims (5)
1. the grafting method of trees long shoot bar scion is characterized in that giving birth to the branch section in long 1 year with 10～20cm is scion, and its 3～5 years of butting up against trees of the same race are given birth on the healthy and strong branch stem, uses the tight wrapping of plastic film again; Scion soffit interface is close to the lateral bud below.
2. the grafting method of a kind of trees long shoot bar according to claim 1 scion is characterized in that the usefulness of the stage casing branch that robust growth, lateral bud is full as scion, and during grafting, each scion need have full lateral bud more than 3.
3. the grafting method of a kind of trees long shoot bar according to claim 1 scion is characterized in that on adult stock tree healthy and strong the stem position of the thick 2～5cm in footpath is as grafting part.
4. according to the grafting method of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described a kind of trees long shoot bar scion, it is characterized in that described butt joint is meant:
The stock interface is cut and is got: on the branch stem, cut earlier the angular cut at one 60 ° of angles, dark 0.5cm; The longitudinal incision that is deep to xylem at one 30 ° of angles is cut to this angular cut by 3～4cm place above this angular cut, the longitudinal incision lower end prune xylem a little;
The scion interface is cut and is got: the back side in the scion bottom, cut the angular cut at one 60 ° of angles, length 0.3～0.5cm near the lateral bud below; The outside of belly is whittled into the longitudinal incision at 30 ° of angles, length 2～3cm;
Grafting wrapping: make the scion interface corresponding, closely contact with the stock interface; The scion of whole long shoot bar will be close to the stock stem; Only expose 2～3 petioles after the wrapping, non-knot binding is adopted in wrapping.
5. the grafting method of a kind of trees long shoot bar according to claim 1 scion, it is characterized in that healing into live and firmly after, progressively wipe out or suitable above branches and leaves of control interface.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2010102946876A CN102415282A (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Method for grafting long-branch cion of tree |
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| CN2010102946876A CN102415282A (en) | 2010-09-28 | 2010-09-28 | Method for grafting long-branch cion of tree |
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| CN102415282A true CN102415282A (en) | 2012-04-18 |
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Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104521580A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-22 | 张淑芹 | Method for improving grafting coalescence rate of torreya grandis |
| CN106134784A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-11-23 | 马井芳 | A kind of engrafting method of the anti-head drop-over of homophyletic branch |
| CN108464138A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-31 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of gold leaf ginkgo plants the formative method of hedge screen |
| CN108575483A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-28 | 南京林业大学 | Ginkgo screen-type hedgerow formative method based on grafting with knitting skill |
| CN108718752A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-02 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of ginkgo engrafting method |
| CN111328568A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-26 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Long-branch grafting method for accelerating outplanting of macadamia nut seedlings |
-
2010
- 2010-09-28 CN CN2010102946876A patent/CN102415282A/en active Pending
Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104521580A (en) * | 2015-01-08 | 2015-04-22 | 张淑芹 | Method for improving grafting coalescence rate of torreya grandis |
| CN106134784A (en) * | 2015-04-21 | 2016-11-23 | 马井芳 | A kind of engrafting method of the anti-head drop-over of homophyletic branch |
| CN108464138A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-08-31 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of gold leaf ginkgo plants the formative method of hedge screen |
| CN108575483A (en) * | 2018-03-13 | 2018-09-28 | 南京林业大学 | Ginkgo screen-type hedgerow formative method based on grafting with knitting skill |
| CN108718752A (en) * | 2018-08-01 | 2018-11-02 | 南京林业大学 | A kind of ginkgo engrafting method |
| CN111328568A (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2020-06-26 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Long-branch grafting method for accelerating outplanting of macadamia nut seedlings |
| CN111328568B (en) * | 2020-03-02 | 2022-05-27 | 广西南亚热带农业科学研究所 | Long-branch grafting method for accelerating outplanting of macadamia nut seedlings |
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Application publication date: 20120418 |