A kind of cow feed additive and production method thereof
Technical field:
The invention belongs to feed additive field, particularly the cow feed additive product.
Background technology:
The most frequently used nutritional supplementation material is cow feed additive, premix at present.The primary condition that cow feed additive, premix should possess: 1, really help milk cow to produce, be conducive to produce economic benefit.2, to people and milk cow and the abundant safety of dairy products, nontoxic, harmless, noresidue.3, in the bottom line degraded production process and in the milk cow excreta to the generation of environment harmful.4, meet requirement and the security of milk cow forage production procedure, without incompatibility.
Protein is the synthetic primary raw material of lactoprotein, also is one of major limitation nutritional labeling of lactating cow daily ration.Protein in cud by rumen microorganism degraded and synthetic animalcule albumen, with cud not protein degradation, endogenous protein enter small intestine with the cud chyme, form intestinal metabolism albumen, digested absorption in small intestine, and in mammary gland synthetic lactoprotein.But the rumen microbial protein combined coefficient is not high, and the amino acid composition is uneven, thereby has affected the synthetic of lactoprotein.Therefore, potein deficiency causes milk protein concn to descend in the daily ration, can significantly improve milk protein concn and replenish protein.Research is found, the every increase one percentage point of dietary protein, and the level of protein just increases by 0.02 percentage point in the cow's milk.Rumen-undegraded protein in the milk cow forage (rumen bypass protein) and microprotein are the main sources of Small Intestine of Dairy Cattle protein, and the non-degrade proteins or the amino acid deficiency that arrive abomasum and small intestine in the daily ration are the principal elements that affects the high yield cow content of milk protein.
In general, the protein that enters cud has 60% to be decomposed approximately, the product that decomposes is ammonia, volatile fatty acid, carbon dioxide and other nitrogen substance, all the other not digested parts are then with the post-ruminal digestion that is moved into of glandular stomach chyme, protease by abomasum and small intestine further digests, the protein that this part is not decomposed by rumen microorganism is called " by-pass protein ".
Cud is large fermentation tank of ruminant domestic animal, and it not only can digest the crude fibre that the simple stomach domestic animal is difficult to digest, and reduces the activity of some ANFs, improve the utilization rate of phytate phosphorus in the feed etc., and to the albumen of some high-qualitys, free amino acid, carbohydrate etc. also have certain degradation.
Schizophyllum commune (Schizophyllum commune (Fr.) Fr.) has another name called white ginseng, tree flower, smallpox bacterium etc.Schizophyllum commune is the traditional edible and medicinal fungi of a kind of China, contains the active ingredients such as Schizophyllum commune Fr polysaccharides, nucleosides, adenosine, purine.Schizophyllum commune is flat, flavor is sweet, can clearing liver, make eye bright, lactagogue, nourishing and fit keeping function.Schizophyllum commune is mainly cultivated the dual mode acquisition by artificial cultivation and submerged fermentation at present, and it is short that the schizophyllum commune fermented and cultured has the cycle, the characteristics that output is large.
GL-B can promote the synthetic of protein, nucleic acid, and to the renewal of serum, liver and bone marrow cell protein or nucleic acid, synthetic facilitation arranged, it is one of glossy ganoderma main active ingredient of strengthening the body resistance to consolidate the constitution.GL-B mainly is present in lucid ganoderma fungus fructification, sclerotium, mycelium or the zymotic fluid.
Soya-bean polypeptides i.e. the abbreviation of " peptidyl soybean protein hydrolyate ", that soybean protein is through the protease effect, the protein hydrolysate that obtains through specially treated again. the essential amino acid of soya-bean polypeptides forms with soybean protein just the same, rich content and balance, and polypeptide compound easily absorbs by human consumption, and have diseases prevention, cure the disease, the effect of balance the body physiological function, soya-bean polypeptides are a kind of functional food ingredients that has potentiality, become gradually the healthy food of 21 century.
Summary of the invention:
The invention provides a kind of cow feed additive and production method thereof;
Product proportion of composing of the present invention is as follows:
Schizophyllum commune 20-35wt%, glossy ganoderma 8-15wt%, sustained release agent 2-6wt%; Expanded soybean: 30-45wt%, urea 4-9wt%: soyabean polypeptide powder 3-8wt%, aspergillus awamori culture 2-6wt%
Production method is as follows:
The sustained release agent preliminary treatment: after calcium carbonate components in the sustained release agent pulverized and other sustained release agent compositions mix;
With urea, after pulverizing, aspergillus awamori culture, soyabean polypeptide powder, schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma obtain length or particle diameter less than the material of 3mm, with the rear urea of sustained release agent after the preliminary treatment and pulverizing, aspergillus awamori culture, soyabean polypeptide powder, schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma mix, carry out with the expanded feed unit expanded, swelling temperature 100-140, bulking pressure 5.3-7.0 kilogram, be cooled to normal temperature, sieve (being not more than 15% by 8mm sieve aperture rate); Above-mentioned expanded material mixes with expanded soybean and gets final product.Adopt conventional artificial rumen technique to measure product and cross the cud effect.
Expanded soybean preparation technology flow process is as follows: the following sieve milling soya seeds of 4mm, carry out with the expanded feed unit expanded, swelling temperature 100-115, bulking pressure 6.3-7.0 kilogram is cooled to normal temperature, sieve (being not more than 15% by 8mm sieve aperture rate).
Described schizophyllum commune is schizophyllum sporophores or fermentation mycelium;
Described glossy ganoderma is ganoderma lucidum fruitbody or fermentation mycelium;
Described sustained release agent mainly is comprised of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite:
The percentage by weight of the composition of described sustained release agent is as follows: ferrous sulfate 5-15%, copper sulphate 10-20%, calcium carbonate 60-80%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5-10% form;
Aspergillus awamori culture preparation: bacterial classification is cultivated, and solid fermentation is cultivated: spore liquid is inoculated in the aspergillus oryzae solid state fermentation compost, and 26-35 ℃ is cultured to mycelia and covers with compost, and the low temperature fluidized bed drying is pulverized dry thing;
Aspergillus awamori culture preparation: bacterial classification is cultivated, and solid fermentation is cultivated: spore liquid is inoculated in the aspergillus oryzae solid state fermentation compost, and 30 ℃ are cultured to mycelia and cover with compost, and 45 ℃ of dryings of low temperature fluid bed are pulverized dry thing;
Aspergillus awamori (Aspergillus awamori) CGMCC3.6484.
The depositary institution of above-mentioned bacterial classification is Chinese common micro-organisms culture presevation administrative center, address: No. 13 institutes of microbiology of the Chinese Academy of Sciences in Zhongguancun N 1st Lane, Beijing City; Postcode: 100080.
Xu Jin hall volume " Chinese medicinal fungi " is seen in the cultivation of schizophyllum commune fermentation mycelium among the present invention.
Product of the present invention is used for feeding the high yield cow in perinatal period and peak of lactation, or the milk cow of daily yielding more than 20kg, its using method: in the fine fodder of milk cow routine, replenish the milk cow forage of the present invention of 10-25%, feed after fully mixing, preferably just begin to feed in perinatal period.
Beneficial effect:
Be added with the edible mushroom composition of food and medicament dual-purpose in the cow feed additive provided by the invention, schizophyllum commune has good short newborn function, can its output of milk of Effective Raise behind the milk cattle fooder; Can be cow in perinatal period sufficient nutrition deposit is provided, also for peak of lactation provides sufficient nutrition supply, remedy high yield cow negative energy balance and the body condition loss of peak of lactation, improve daily yielding and peak vitality, improve the milk cow conception rate.The Lactation of Dairy Cow peak period prolongs 20-40 days; Contain vitamin E, B1, B2.Each seed amino acid such as lysine and various trace element.Product has abundant nutritive value.
Glossy ganoderma is good medicine-food two-purpose fungi, and the interpolation of glossy ganoderma can effectively increase the content of the beneficiating ingredient such as GL-B vitamin in the product.
The feed that the inventive method provides contains a certain amount of urea, owing to added therein sustained release agent, by bulking machine under the extruding of certain temperature and pressure, generation gelatinization reaction, sustained release agent, urea and schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma are coated on together, thereby effectively slow down urea at the rate of release of cud, increased the utilization ratio of cud to degraded nitrogen.
Mailland reaction occurs in soybean puffing technology utilization protein molecule peptide chain amino provided by the invention and carboxyl under HTHP, amino and carboxyl mutually combines, make the variation of soy proteinaceous peptide chain structure generation space structure, be unfavorable for the degraded of rumen microorganism, improve it and cross the cud rate.
Soya-bean polypeptides can increase milk cow synthetic proteins raw material by the effect of sustained release agent among the present invention, improves nutritive peculiarity and the nutritional supplementation of product, promotes that milk cow better absorbs.
The fat content of product of the present invention is 6%, and dry matter degradability is 40%, and protein degradation rate is 28%, can be 21MJ/KG, NEL is 6.7MJ/KG, and protein content is 20%, conception rate has improved 14%, can improve as calculated the year output of milk more than 310 kilograms of milk cow.
Specific implementation method:
The following examples can make the present invention of those skilled in the art comprehend, but do not limit the present invention in any way.
Example 1: cow feed additive is grouped into by following one-tenth:
Schizophyllum commune 22wt%, glossy ganoderma 15wt%, sustained release agent 4wt%; Expanded soybean: 45wt%, urea 6wt%: soyabean polypeptide powder: 5wt%; Aspergillus awamori culture 3wt%
Described schizophyllum commune is schizophyllum sporophores;
Described glossy ganoderma is fermented hyphostroma of Ganoderma;
Described sustained release agent mainly is comprised of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite:
The proportion of composing of described sustained release agent is as follows according to percentage by weight: ferrous sulfate 10%, copper sulphate 15%, calcium carbonate 70%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5% form;
The preparation method is as follows:
The sustained release agent preliminary treatment: after calcium carbonate components in the sustained release agent pulverized and other sustained release agent compositions mix;
With urea, after pulverizing, soyabean polypeptide powder, schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma obtain length or particle diameter less than the material of 3mm, with the rear urea of sustained release agent after the preliminary treatment and pulverizing, aspergillus awamori culture, soyabean polypeptide powder, schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma mix, carry out with the expanded feed unit expanded, swelling temperature 125, bulking pressure 5.3-5.6 kilogram, be cooled to normal temperature, sieve (being not more than 16% by 8mm sieve aperture rate); Above-mentioned expanded material mixes with expanded soybean and gets final product.Adopt conventional artificial rumen technique to measure product and cross the cud effect.Expanded soybean preparation technology flow process is as follows: the following sieve milling soya seeds of 4mm, carry out with the expanded feed unit expanded, swelling temperature 120, bulking pressure 6.3-7.0 kilogram is cooled to normal temperature, sieve (being not more than 14% by 8mm sieve aperture rate).
The preparation method of aspergillus awamori culture is as follows:
Slant strains activation culture: the aspergillus awamori slant strains is transferred on the slant medium, cultivated 3 days for 27 ℃.
The solid first order seed is cultivated: picking aspergillus awamori slant strains accesses in 500 milliliters of triangular flasks that 100 gram culture mediums are housed carries out seed culture, cultivates for 30 ℃ to get final product in 3 days.
The cultivation of solid secondary seed: above-mentioned cultured solid first order seed stirring is carried out seed culture, condition of culture for adding behind the fragment in 5000 milliliters of triangular flasks that 1000 gram culture mediums are housed: 30 ℃ of cultivations got final product in 3 days.
Solid fermentation is cultivated: the secondary shake-flask seed is pulverized, added in fermentation vat that sterilising medium is housed or the pallet and mix rear cultivation, bent material cultivation temperature is controlled at 26-35 ℃, humidity 80-90%, every 10 hours stirrings once, incubation time 5-7 days; Bent material culture technique commonly used is adopted in the cultivation of solid koji material; Treat that compost covers with mycelia and can finish to cultivate, culture medium is in advance through the thermophilic digestion sterilization treatment, and sterilising conditions is controlled 121 ℃ of temperature, 1 hour time.
Drying and crushing: the fermentation ends compost carries out drying at fluid bed or other drying equipments, and baking temperature is controlled at 60 ℃, is dried to moisture below 10%, then solid culture medium is pulverized, and the crushing material aperture is more than 60 orders.
Culture medium forms: solid material: wheat bran 80%, and beancake powder 10%, cornstarch 10% adds the equivalent running water; Initial pH nature.
Example 2 cow feed additives are grouped into by following one-tenth:
Schizophyllum commune 35wt%, glossy ganoderma 10wt%, sustained release agent 3wt%; Expanded soybean: 30wt%, urea 9wt%: soyabean polypeptide powder: 8wt%, aspergillus awamori culture 5wt%
Described schizophyllum commune is schizophyllum sporophores;
Described glossy ganoderma is fructification;
Described sustained release agent mainly is comprised of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite:
The proportion of composing of described sustained release agent is as follows according to percentage by weight: ferrous sulfate 5%, copper sulphate 10%, calcium carbonate 80%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5% form.
The preparation method is substantially with example 1
Example 3
The invention provides a kind of cow feed additive,
Product of the present invention is grouped into by following one-tenth:
Schizophyllum commune 27wt%, glossy ganoderma 10wt%, sustained release agent 3wt%; Expanded soybean: 45wt%, urea 4wt%: soyabean polypeptide powder: 6wt%, aspergillus awamori culture 5wt%;
Described schizophyllum commune is the schizophyllum commune fermentation mycelium;
Described glossy ganoderma is fructification;
Described sustained release agent mainly is comprised of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite:
The proportion of composing of described sustained release agent is as follows according to percentage by weight: ferrous sulfate 15%, copper sulphate 15%, calcium carbonate 60%, Sodium Metabisulfite 10% form;
The preparation method is substantially with example 1
The test of the inventive example 3 feed addictive results of use
Milk cow is selected from Beijing Milk Cow Center's seed multiplication farm, selects age, parity, lactation amount to approach, and 60 of the china holstein cowses of just childbirth are divided into 2 groups, 30 every group at random.It is identical that test group, control group are respectively organized basal diet.The test group daily ration is daily daily ration+15% product of the present invention, and control group is daily daily ration.
Test site and time: this test is carried out at milk cow center seed multiplication farm; Experimental period (on September 1st, 2010 was to October 30).
Test method and feeding and management are in process of the test, and the control group dairy cow diet is undertaken by original formulation.Its feed ingredient, ratio and scale of feeding are front consistent with test; Test group is added feed addictive of the present invention from a childbirth day beginning daily ration on original basis.All the other are consistent with control group.Every day 3 times, timing feeding is freely drunk water, and feeds first roughage, feeds afterwards fine fodder, milks every day 3 times.
Appetite and the health status of mensuration project and record viewing test milk cow every day record every bovine lactation amount every day.Presentation of results:
Search for food and health condition is observed: cow feeding amount in experimental period, health condition are normal, anomaly do not occur.The experimental group milk cow is more smooth by hair, and the growth of livestock is better.
Impact on the Lactation of Dairy Cow amount: test group September 15, October 8, October 30 lactation amount compare with control group, see Table 1.
The impact that table 1, invention product change the lactating cow lactation amount