CN102405025A - 开关构造和手术设备 - Google Patents

开关构造和手术设备 Download PDF

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CN102405025A
CN102405025A CN201080017415XA CN201080017415A CN102405025A CN 102405025 A CN102405025 A CN 102405025A CN 201080017415X A CN201080017415X A CN 201080017415XA CN 201080017415 A CN201080017415 A CN 201080017415A CN 102405025 A CN102405025 A CN 102405025A
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CN102405025B (zh
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谷内千惠
藤井义贵
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Olympus Corp
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Abstract

本发明提供一种开关构造和手术设备。用于控制设备的驱动的开关构造(82、83、123、124)包括：操作部壳体(61、122)，其由使用者保持；开关接点(90、91)，其设置于上述操作部壳体(61、122)的内部；开关操作部(87、132)，其具有由上述使用者按压的受压部(97、136)，并用于在开放状态和闭合状态之间操作上述开关接点(90、91)。此外，包括支承部(88、133)，其用于将上述受压部(97、136)支承为该受压部(97、136)能够相对于上述操作部壳体(61、122)以上述操作部壳体(61、122)的内部的倾动中心(O)为中心倾动，并且将上述受压部(97、136)支承为在上述受压部(97、136)处于倾动状态及上述受压部(97、122)处于未倾动的中立位置的状态下上述使用者能够向上述受压部(97、136)的上述倾动中心(O)的方向压入该受压部(97、136)。

Description

开关构造和手术设备
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于对手术设备等设备的驱动进行控制的开关构造和具有该开关的手术设备。
背景技术
一般来说，作为医疗设备，具有例如专利文献1所公开的装置。在该装置的主体操作部中设置有用于对设备的驱动进行控制的开关。开关包括供使用者按压的受压部、在受压部被按压的情况下进行工作的动作杆、以及开关接点。在动作杆的一端侧设置有受压部，在动作杆的另一端侧设置有开关接点。当使用者对受压部进行压入操作时，动作杆沿轴向移动而按压开关接点。由此，对设备的驱动进行控制。
专利文献1：日本特开2002-291745号公报
发明内容
发明要解决的问题
在上述专利文献1的装置中，当使用者对开关的受压部进行压入操作时，动作杆仅沿轴向笔直地移动。因此，在操作开关时，使用者需要在受压部的中心位置对受压部进行压入操作并使动作杆沿轴向笔直地移动。当使用者在离开受压部的中心位置的位置对受压部进行压入操作时，作用有相对于动作杆的轴向倾斜的负载。在此情况下，对开关整体施加过大的负荷，产生部件变形等，存在不能对设备的驱动正确地进行控制的可能性。如此，当操作开关时，存在使用者除了在受压部的中心位置使动作杆沿轴向笔直地移动的情况以外不能对设备的驱动正确地进行控制的可能性，因此由使用者进行的操作的可操作性降低。
本发明是着眼于上述问题而完成的，其目的在于提供如下一种开关构造和手术设备：当操作开关时，即使在使用者在自受压部的中心位置向任意方向偏离的位置进行压入操作的情况下也能够按压开关接点并进行稳定的操作。
用于解决问题的方案
本发明的一个方式提供一种开关构造，其用于控制设备的驱动，该开关构造包括：操作部壳体，其由使用者保持；开关接点，其设置于上述操作部壳体的内部；开关操作部，其具有由上述使用者按压的受压部，并用于在开放状态和闭合状态之间操作上述开关接点；以及支承部，其用于将上述受压部支承为该受压部能够相对于上述操作部壳体以上述操作部壳体的内部的倾动中心为中心倾动，并且将上述受压部支承为在上述受压部处于倾动状态及上述受压部处于未倾动的中立位置的状态下上述使用者能够向上述受压部的上述倾动中心的方向压入该受压部。
优选的是，上述开关构造还包括：偏置构件，其用于当由上述支承部在以上述开放状态保持上述开关接点的位置保持上述开关操作部的、上述受压部未被按压的非按压时，以上述开放状态保持上述开关接点；以及开关基板，其具有发送信号部，该发送信号部用于当上述受压部被按压且由上述支承部以上述开关操作部能够克服来自上述偏置构件的力向闭合上述开关接点的方向移动的方式保持该开关操作部的、闭合操作上述开关接点的闭合操作时，发送用于驱动上述设备的信号，该开关基板在来自上述开关操作部的按压下闭合上述开关接点。
此外，优选的是，上述开关操作部包括：轴部，其配置于上述受压部和开关接点之间；第一结合部，其配置于上述轴部的位于上述受压部侧的端部，并用于与上述受压部结合；以及第二结合部，其配置于上述轴部的位于上述开关接点侧的端部，并用于与上述操作部壳体结合；上述支承部具有间隙形成部，该间隙形成部用于在上述轴部的位于上述第一结合部侧的部分与上述支承部之间形成间隙，使上述受压部能够以上述受压部的上述倾动中心为中心向倾动方向移动。而且，优选的是，上述间隙形成部具有倾斜面，该倾斜面使上述间隙的截面面积自上述开关接点侧随着靠向上述受压部侧逐渐增大。
此外，优选的是，上述第二结合部包括：第一突起，其向自上述中立位置至少向第一倾动方向和第二倾动方向这两个方向倾动的上述开关操作部的上述第一倾动方向突出，并用于当上述开关操作部的上述受压部向上述第二倾动方向倾动了时，在该第一突起与上述操作部壳体的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成第一倾动支点；第二突起，其向上述开关操作部的上述第二倾动方向突出，并用于当上述受压部向上述第一倾动方向倾动了时，在该第二突起与上述操作部壳体的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成第二倾动支点；以及开关抵接部，其与上述开关基板抵接，并用于在上述开关操作部的上述轴部以上述第一倾动支点为中心向上述第二倾动方向倾动的动作下或在上述轴部以上述第二倾动支点为中心向上述第一倾动方向倾动的动作下，向闭合上述开关接点的方向按压上述开关基板。而且，优选的是，上述受压部具有沿上述第一倾动方向和上述第二倾动方向这两个方向的圆弧状的按压面。
此外，优选的是，上述第二结合部包括：突起，其向能够自上述中立位置向任意方向倾动的上述开关操作部的外周方向突出，并用于当上述开关操作部的上述受压部自上述中立位置向任意方向倾动了时，使上述受压部的位于相对于上述倾动中心与上述受压部的倾动方向相反的一侧的部分在与上述操作部壳体的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成倾动支点；以及开关抵接部，其与上述开关基板抵接，其用于在上述开关操作部的上述轴部以上述倾动支点为中心向上述受压部的上述倾动方向倾动的动作下，向闭合上述开关接点的方向按压上述开关基板。
此外，优选的是，上述开关操作部自上述中立位置向上述受压部的被上述使用者按压的部位相对于中央位置所在的方向即按压部位方向倾动。
此外，优选的是，上述开关操作部的上述受压部能够在使用者的手指能够活动的范围内倾动。
此外，优选的是，上述开关构造还包括至少一个上述开关操作部，上述操作部壳体具有手指放置部，该手指放置部配置于各上述开关操作部之间，并用于在操作时放置上述使用者的手指。
本发明的另一个方式提供一种手术设备，其具有手持件，该手持件具有由使用者保持的操作部壳体，该手术设备具有开关，该开关用于控制设备的驱动，并包括：开关接点，其设置于上述操作部壳体的内部；开关操作部，其具有由上述使用者按压的受压部，并用于在开放状态和闭合状态之间操作上述开关接点；以及支承部，其用于将上述受压部支承为该受压部能够相对于上述操作部壳体以上述操作部壳体的内部的倾动中心为中心倾动，并且将上述受压部支承为在上述受压部处于倾动状态及上述受压部处于未倾动的中立位置的状态下上述使用者能够向上述受压部的上述倾动中心的方向压入该受压部。
在上述手术设备中，优选的是，上述开关包括：偏置构件，其用于当由上述支承部在以上述开放状态保持上述开关接点的位置保持上述开关操作部的、上述受压部未被按压的非按压时，以上述开放状态保持上述开关接点；以及开关基板，其具有发送信号部，该发送信号部用于当上述受压部被按压且由上述支承部以上述开关操作部能够克服来自上述偏置构件的力向闭合上述开关接点的方向移动的方式保持该开关操作部的、闭合操作上述开关接点的闭合操作时，发送用于驱动上述设备的信号，该开关基板在来自上述开关操作部的按压下闭合上述开关接点。
此外，在上述手术设备中，优选的是，上述手术设备是超声波手术装置，并还包括：电连接部，其用于对上述手持件和生成器进行电连接，该生成器用于生成用来驱动上述手持件的驱动能；超声波振子，其设置于上述手持件内，并与上述生成器电连接；以及超声波探针，其连接于上述超声波振子，并用于传递来自上述超声波振子的超声波振动。而且，优选的是，上述手术设备还包括：护套，其用于覆盖上述超声波探针；以及钳子，其以能够相对于上述超声波探针的顶端部转动的方式安装于上述护套的顶端部。
此外，在上述手术设备中，优选的是，上述手术设备还包括：电连接部，其用于对上述手持件和生成器进行电连接，该生成器用于生成用来驱动上述手持件的驱动能；以及导电性的探针，其设置于上述手持件内，并与上述生成器电连接；上述手术设备是高频手术装置，该高频手术装置能够利用上述开关控制自上述生成器向上述探针供给的高频电流。
此外，在上述手术设备中，优选的是，上述手术设备还包括：电连接部，其用于对上述手持件和生成器进行电连接，该生成器用于生成用来驱动上述手持件的驱动能；超声波振子，其设置于上述手持件内，并与上述生成器电连接；以及导电性的探针，其连接于上述超声波振子，并且与上述生成器电连接；上述手术设备是外科手术装置，该外科手术装置能够利用上述开关控制自上述生成器向上述探针供给的高频电流、及自上述生成器向上述超声波振子供给的超声波用驱动电流。
发明的效果
根据本发明，能够提供如下一种开关构造和手术设备：当操作开关时，即使在使用者在自受压部的中心位置向任意方向偏离的位置进行压入操作的情况下也能够按压开关接点并进行稳定的操作。
附图说明
图1是表示本发明的第一实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件整体的概略结构的立体图；
图2是第一实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件的主视图；
图3是第一实施方式的外科手术装置的手柄单元的侧视图；
图4是表示拆卸第一实施方式的外科手术装置的组装单元的连结部分而成的分解状态的立体图；
图5是第一实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件的纵剖面图；
图6是图5的VI-VI线剖面图；
图7是图6的VII-VII线剖面图；
图8是图6的VIII-VIII线剖面图；
图9是图6的IX-IX线剖面图；
图10是图6的X-X线剖面图；
图11是图5的XI-XI线剖面图；
图12是表示第一实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件中手动开关的开关基板的电路图案的俯视图；
图13是表示第一实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件中手动开关的受压部保持于中立位置的状态的纵剖面图；
图14是表示第一实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件中手动开关的受压部在比按压面的中央位置靠左侧的位置被按压的状态的纵剖面图；
图15是表示第一实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件中手动开关的受压部在比按压面的中央位置靠右侧的位置被按压的状态的纵剖面图；
图16是表示本发明的第二实施方式的外科手术装置的立体图；
图17是表示第二实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件中手动开关的受压部保持于中立位置的状态的纵剖面图；
图18是表示第二实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件中手动开关的开关操作部的结构的立体图；
图19是本发明的第三实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件的侧视图；
图20是本发明的第四实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件的侧视图；
图21是本发明的第五实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件的立体图。
具体实施方式
以下，参照图1至图15说明本发明的第一实施方式。图1是表示本实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件1整体的概略结构的图。本实施方式的外科手术装置为超声波凝固切开处理装置。该超声波凝固切开处理装置用于利用超声波进行生物体组织的切开、切除或凝固等处理，并且用于进行高频处理。
如图4所示，手持件1包括振子单元2及手柄单元(手柄部)4。振子单元2及手柄单元4以彼此能够相对拆卸的方式连结。
在振子单元2的内部内置有振子6(参照图5)。振子6用于利用压电元件产生超声波振动，该压电元件用于将电流转换成超声波振动。利用圆筒状的振子罩7覆盖振子6的外侧。而且，在振子单元2的基端侧延伸设置有线缆9，该线缆9用于自电源装置主体8供给用来产生超声波振动的电流。如图5所示，在振子罩7内的超声波振子6的顶端部连结有用于对超声波振动进行振幅放大的变幅杆10的基端侧。在变幅杆10的顶端部形成有用于安装探针的螺纹孔部10a(参照图6)。
超声波探针11设计成其整体长度为超声波振动的半个波长的整数倍的状态。在超声波探针11的基端部设置有用于与变幅杆10的螺纹孔部10a螺纹结合的螺纹部12。超声波探针11的螺纹部12用于与振子单元2的变幅杆10的螺纹孔部10a螺纹结合。由此，对超声波探针11和振子6之间进行组装。此时，在超声波振子6和超声波探针11之间的连结体上形成有供高频电流传递的未图示的第一高频电路。
在超声波探针11的顶端部设置有探针顶端11a。探针顶端11a形成为大致J字形等的弯曲形状。在超声波探针11的轴向上最靠基端部侧的振动节点位置设置有凸缘部14。在凸缘部14的外周面上，在周向三处形成有未图示的键槽状的卡合凹部。
而且，探针顶端11a形成有双极性电极的一个电极即第一电极部。在超声波探针11中，在设置于沿轴向中途的振动节部的多处，沿与轴向垂直的方向截取的截面面积减少，获得由探针顶端11a进行处理所需要的振幅。在设置于超声波探针11的沿轴向中途的振动节点的多处，安装有利用弹性构件形成的橡胶环3b。利用橡胶环3b防止超声波探针11和后述的护套主体16之间的干扰。
如图4所述，手柄单元4包括细长的护套主体16、配设在护套主体16的顶端部上的钳子17、以及配设在护套主体16的基端部上的操作部4a。在手柄单元4的操作部4a中设置有大致圆筒状的保持筒21。在保持筒21的基端部形成有振子连接部4b。
护套主体16包括外筒即金属制的外套18、以及内筒(内套)即金属制的驱动管(驱动构件)19。驱动管19以沿轴向可移动的方式插入到外套18内。外套18的基端部与后述的转动操作旋钮23一起以能够沿绕外套18轴线的方向旋转的状态安装于保持筒21的顶端部。
在外套18的顶端部朝向顶端侧突出设置有左右一对突片18a、18b。在各突片18a、18b上借助未图示的支点销可转动地安装有钳子17的基端部。
钳子17形成为与例如大致J字形等的超声波探针11的探针顶端11a的弯曲形状对应的弯曲形状。当组装超声波探针11和手柄单元4时，将钳子17配置在与超声波探针11的探针顶端11a相对的位置。
钳子17包括由金属等导电性构件形成的钳子主体(未图示)、及安装于钳子主体的把持构件(未图示)。把持构件由用于高频处理的电极构件及用于超声波处理的板构件构成。电极构件形成双极性电极的另一电极即第二电极部。板构件是利用例如聚四氟乙烯等树脂材料形成的绝缘体。
而且，在钳子17上借助未图示的连结销连结有驱动管19的顶端部。借助连结销对钳子17的钳子主体和驱动管19之间进行电导通。
在外套18的外周面覆盖有由树脂等绝缘材料形成的外皮。在驱动管19的内周面侧配设有由绝缘材料形成的绝缘管。绝缘管的基端部延伸至护套主体16的基端侧。利用绝缘管对驱动管19和超声波探针11之间进行电绝缘。
此外，手柄单元4的操作部4a包括固定手柄20、及相对于固定手柄20可转动的可动手柄22。手柄单元4包括操作部壳体61，该操作部壳体61利用树脂材料一体地形成保持筒21和固定手柄20。如图6至图10所示，操作部壳体61包括以保持筒21的轴线为中心可左右分开的两个壳体部件(左侧壳体部件61a和右侧壳体部件61b)。左侧壳体部件61a和右侧壳体部件61b以彼此可装拆的方式连结。
在保持筒21的顶端面侧设置有用于保持转动操作旋钮23的旋钮保持部62。在旋钮保持部62上以能够沿绕外套18轴线的方向旋转的方式连结有转动操作旋钮23。
在固定手柄20的基端侧面的上侧部分形成有供可动手柄22插入的长孔状的可动手柄插入孔63。如图5所示，可动手柄22包括上部臂22a和下部臂22b。上部臂22a沿与超声波探针11的轴向正交的方向延伸设置。下部臂22b自上部臂22a的下端部向基端方向朝向斜下方弯曲。在下部臂22b的下端部形成有供例如使用者的拇指插入的手指插入环部22c。在手指插入环部22c上，利用橡胶衬砌等安装有具有弹性的环状的搭指构件22d。
上部臂22a自固定手柄20的可动手柄插入孔63插入到操作部壳体61的内部。如图8所示，上部臂22a在上端部具有大致U字形的U字形连结部64。U字形连结部64包括两个臂64a、64b。可动手柄22以后述的操作力传递机构70的滑动构件71贯穿于两个臂64a、64b之间的状态安装于滑动构件71。
在各臂64a、64b的上端部形成有支点销66的销贯穿孔67。而且，在各臂64a、64b的销贯穿孔67的下侧部分形成有向内侧突出的作用销68。
支点销66在操作部壳体61的内部与操作部壳体61形成为一体。在这里，在左侧壳体部件61a中形成有用于构成支点销66的第一轴部66a。在右侧壳体部件61b中形成有供第一轴部66a的顶端插入的用于支承轴的第二轴部66b。当组装左侧壳体部件61a和右侧壳体部件61b时，通过将第一轴部66a的顶端插入并嵌合到用于支承轴的第二轴部66b中，组装左侧壳体部件61a和右侧壳体部件61b。
在各臂64a、64b的上端部的销贯穿孔67中插入有支点销66。由此，可动手柄22的上端部借助支点销66可转动地轴支撑于保持筒21。而且，可动手柄22借助支点销66转动，相对于固定手柄20进行可动手柄22的开闭操作。
如图5所示，在保持筒21的内部设置有用于将可动手柄22的操作力传递至驱动管19的操作力传递机构70。操作力传递机构70包括主要由金属形成的圆筒状的滑动件支承构件72、及滑动构件71。滑动件支承构件72配置为与保持筒21的中心轴线同轴，向与超声波探针11的插入方向相同的方向延伸设置。
在滑动件支承构件72的外周面配设有止挡件73和弹簧支承件74。止挡件73固定于滑动件支承构件72的基端部的外周面。弹簧支承件74突出设置于滑动件支承构件72的顶端部侧的外周面。在轴向上，在止挡件73和弹簧支承件74之间配设有上述滑动构件71和螺旋弹簧75。止挡件73用于限制滑动构件71向基端侧移动的移动位置，在弹簧支承件74上抵接有螺旋弹簧75的顶端部。螺旋弹簧75以一定的安装力量安装于弹簧支承件74和滑动构件71之间。
在滑动构件71的外周面，沿周向形成有环状的卡合槽71a。如图6及图8所示，可动手柄22的作用销68以插入状态卡合于卡合槽71a中。当握住可动手柄22并相对于固定手柄20闭合操作可动手柄22时，作用销68伴随可动手柄22的转动动作而以支点销66为中心转动。滑动构件71与作用销68的动作连动而沿超声波探针11的轴向向顶端方向移动。此时，借助螺旋弹簧75连结于滑动构件71的滑动件支承构件72也与滑动构件71一起进行进退动作。
在滑动件支承构件72的内部以覆盖超声波探针11的状态配设有由绝缘材料形成的管状的探针折弯器76。探针折弯器76固定于滑动件支承构件72的内周面。探针折弯器76的内周面和超声波探针11的外周面之间借助未图示的止转部固定。止转部包括例如形成于探针折弯器76的内周面或超声波探针11的外周面中的一者的键槽、及形成于探针折弯器76的内周面或超声波探针11的外周面中的另一者的键。根据这种结构，探针折弯器76被限制成能够相对于超声波探针11沿轴向移动并且不能相对于超声波探针11沿绕轴线方向相对旋转的状态。
在探针折弯器76的顶端部固定有驱动管19的基端部。由此，可动手柄22的操作力借助滑动构件71、螺旋弹簧75、滑动件支承构件72及探针折弯器76而传递至驱动管19，驱动管19沿轴向移动。在驱动管19的移动的作用下，钳子17借助支点销转动。
如上，驱动管19沿轴向进行进退动作，从而驱动管19的驱动力经由连结销传递至钳子17。由此，以支点销为中心转动驱动钳子17。此时，通过向基端侧拽拉操作驱动管19，以支点销为中心朝向离开探针顶端11a的方向(张开位置)驱动钳子17。相反，通过向前方推出操作驱动管19，以支点销为中心朝向靠近探针顶端11a侧的方向(闭合位置)驱动钳子17。通过将钳子17转动操作到闭合位置，在钳子17和超声波探针11的探针顶端11a之间把持生物体组织。
在手持件1中，由钳子17和超声波探针11的探针顶端11a形成处理部1A。在处理部1A中，可以选择多个、在本实施方式中为两个处理功能(第一处理功能和第二处理功能)。例如，第一处理功能设定为同时进行超声波处理输出和高频处理输出的功能，第二处理功能设定为仅单独进行上述高频处理输出的功能。
另外，处理部1A的第一处理功能和第二处理功能不限于上述结构。例如，也可以是，第一处理功能设定为以最大输出状态进行超声波处理输出的功能，第二处理功能设定为以输出状态低于最大输出状态的预先设定的设定输出状态进行超声波处理输出的功能。
在转动操作旋钮23的内周面配设有圆筒状的旋钮支承构件77。转动操作旋钮23的内周面和旋钮支承构件77的外周面之间借助未图示的止转部固定。止转部包括例如形成于转动操作旋钮23的内周面或旋钮支承构件77的外周面中的一者的键槽、及形成于转动操作旋钮23的内周面或旋钮支承构件77的外周面中的另一者的键。根据这种结构，转动操作旋钮23和旋钮支承构件77被限制成彼此不能沿绕轴线方向相对旋转的状态。
旋钮支承构件77的基端部以能够沿绕超声波探针11轴线方向旋转的方式连结于保持筒21的顶端部的旋钮保持部62。由此，转动操作旋钮23以能够沿绕超声波探针11轴线方向旋转的方式连结于保持筒21的旋钮保持部62。
在旋钮支承构件77的内侧配设有探针折弯器76的顶端部。在旋钮支承构件77上沿径向延伸设置有销贯穿孔77a，在探针折弯器76上沿径向延伸设置有销贯穿孔76a。在旋钮支承构件77的销贯穿孔77a和探针折弯器76的销贯穿孔76a中贯穿有连结销78。旋钮支承构件77和探针折弯器76之间利用连结销78固定，被限制成彼此不能沿绕轴线方向相对旋转的状态。
当旋转操作转动操作旋钮23时，旋钮支承构件77与转动操作旋钮23一起旋转。此时，旋钮支承构件77的旋转经由连结销78传递至探针折弯器76。而且，探针折弯器76的旋转经由探针折弯器76和超声波探针11之间的上述止转部传递至超声波探针11。因此，转动操作旋钮23的旋转依次经由旋钮支承构件77、连结销78及探针折弯器76传递至超声波探针11，超声波探针11与转动操作旋钮23一起旋转。即，由转动操作旋钮23、旋钮支承构件77、连结销78及探针折弯器76形成有转矩传递部79，该转矩传递部79用于将转动操作旋钮23带来的沿绕超声波探针11轴线方向的转矩传递至超声波探针11。
而且，当旋转操作转动操作旋钮23时，外套18与转动操作旋钮23一起相对于保持筒21沿绕外套18轴线方向旋转。由此，当旋转操作转动操作旋钮23时，超声波探针11和护套主体16的外套18同时沿绕外套18轴线方向旋转。由此，向相同方向同时旋转操作超声波探针11的探针顶端11a和钳子17。
操作部壳体61在固定手柄20的下端部具有供例如使用者的拇指以外的多根手指插入的多指插入环部80。如图5所示，本实施方式的固定手柄20在保持筒21和多指插入环部80之间具有开关保持部81。
如图3所示，开关保持部81设置于固定手柄20的顶端面，包括开关安装面84，该开关安装面84用于安装多个、在本实施方式中为两个手动开关(第一开关82和第二开关83)，第一开关82和第二开关83是用于选择手持件1的处理部1A的处理功能的开关。
在开关保持部81中，第一开关82和第二开关83沿上下方向排列配置。而且，在第一开关82和第二开关83之间以向顶端侧突出的状态形成有供使用者放置手指的手指放置部85。
第一开关82配置于手指放置部85的上侧。在第一开关82中设定有用于选择在多个处理功能中使用频率较高的第一处理功能的开关。
第二开关83配置于手指放置部85的下侧。在第二开关83中设定有用于选择在多个处理功能中与第一处理功能不同的第二处理功能的开关。例如，设定第一开关82为凝固切开用开关按钮，设定第二开关83为凝固用开关按钮。
手指放置部85自开关安装面84突出的突出高度设定为比第一开关82及第二开关83分别自安装面84突出的突出高度大的状态。手指放置部85包括自固定手柄20的开关安装面84延伸设置至固定手柄20的左右侧面的延伸部85a。
图11是表示手持件1的第一开关82的概略结构的图。另外，第二开关83为与第一开关82相同的结构。因此，在这里仅说明第一开关82的结构，并省略说明第二开关83的结构。
第一开关82包括开关基板86、开关操作部87及支承部88。开关基板82包括未图示的发送信号部，该发送信号部用于发送用来驱动设备的信号。如图12所示，开关基板86包括由挠性基板等形成的基板薄片89。基板薄片89包括薄片主体89a和弯折部89b。在薄片主体89a中设置有用于第一开关82的第一开关接点90、及用于第二开关83的第二开关接点91。在弯折部89b中设置有用于第一开关82的第一公共接点92、及用于第二开关83的第二公共接点93。当使用基板薄片89时，相对于薄片主体89a弯折弯折部89b。而且，在开关基板86中，由金属材料形成的圆顶状的金属圆顶(偏置构件)94分别设置于第一开关82和第二开关83。利用金属圆顶94将开关基板86的开关接点90保持在开放状态。利用后述的开关操作部87的操作使金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁，从而闭合操作开关接点90。由此，连接第一开关82的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，自开关基板86的第一开关82的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
在操作部壳体61上设置有用于保持开关基板86的基板保持部95、及用于保持开关操作部87的开关操作部保持部96。利用基板保持部95将开关基板86保持于操作部壳体61内部的分别与第一开关82和第二开关83对应的位置。
开关操作部87包括供使用者按压的受压部97。受压部97被支承部88支承为能够相对于操作部壳体61以操作部壳体61内部的倾动中心O为中心倾动。当使用者按压受压部97时，支承部88以能够克服来自金属圆顶94的力而向受压部97的倾动中心O方向压入的状态支承受压部97。另一方面，在未按压受压部97时，支承部88在开关接点90保持为开放状态的位置保持开关操作部87。
开关操作部87包括轴部98。在轴部98的一端部(受压部97侧的端部)配置有用于与受压部97结合的第一结合部99。在轴部98的另一端部(开关接点90侧的端部)配置有用于与操作部壳体61结合的第二结合部100。
支承部88包括间隙形成部101，该间隙形成部101用于在开关操作部87的轴部98的第一结合部99侧的部分和支承部88之间形成间隙，利用由间隙形成部101形成的间隙使受压部97能够以受压部97的倾动中心O为中心向倾动方向移动。间隙形成部101具有使间隙的截面面积自开关接点90侧随着靠向受压部97侧逐渐增大的倾斜面101a。图13是表示第一开关82的受压部97保持为非按压状态、且受压部97和轴部98保持在未倾动的中立位置的状态的图。在这里，受压部97和轴部98被限制成仅能向自中立位置向图13中的左向倾动的第一倾动方向、及向图13中的右向倾动的第二倾动方向这两个方向倾动的状态。如图5所示，利用与轴部98接触的操作部壳体61的壁面限制受压部97及轴部98向与倾动方向正交的方向倾动。因此，受压部97的倾动方向仅限制在自图13中的中立位置向左向倾动的第一倾动方向、及向图13中的右向倾动的第二倾动方向这两个方向。
第一开关82的受压部97是按压面沿第一倾动方向及第二倾动方向这两个方向形成为较长的圆弧状的按钮。在受压部97的圆弧状的按压面的中央位置配置有其与轴部98结合的结合部即第一结合部99。受压部97包括自第一结合部99向图13中的左向(第一倾动方向)延伸的左向延伸部(第一倾动方向延伸部)97a、及自第一结合部99向图13中的右向(第二倾动方向)延伸的右向延伸部(第二倾动方向延伸部)97b。
上述第二结合部100包括向第一倾动方向突出的第一突起102、向第二倾动方向突出的第二突起103、及用于与开关基板86的金属圆顶94抵接的开关抵接部104。
当自图13的中立位置笔直地压入操作了第一开关82的受压部97时，开关抵接部104按压开关基板86的金属圆顶94。由此，第一开关82的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第一开关82的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，闭合操作第一开关82的开关接点90。
如图15所示，当按压了受压部97的右向延伸部(第二倾动方向延伸部)97b时，第一开关82的受压部97向第二倾动方向倾动。此时，在第一突起102和操作部壳体61的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成第一倾动支点105。通过使轴部98以第一倾动支点105为中心进行倾动动作，使开关抵接部104按压开关基板86的金属圆顶94。由此，第一开关82的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第一开关82的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，闭合操作第一开关82的开关接点90。
另一方面，如图14所示，当按压了受压部97的左向延伸部(第一倾动方向延伸部)97a时，第一开关82的受压部97向第一倾动方向倾动。此时，在第二突起103和操作部壳体61的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成第二倾动支点106。通过使轴部98以第二倾动支点106为中心进行倾动动作，使开关抵接部104按压开关基板86的金属圆顶94。由此，第一开关82的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第一开关82的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，闭合操作第一开关82的开关接点90。
另外，对第二开关83也进行与第一开关82相同的开关操作。由此，第二开关83的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第二开关83的第二开关接点91和第二公共接点93，闭合操作第二开关83的开关接点91。由此，自开关基板86的第二开关83的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
另外，也可以将用于覆盖第一开关82的受压部97的外周面整体的橡胶罩、及用于覆盖第二开关83的受压部97的外周面整体的橡胶罩设置于操作部壳体61。由此，在第一开关82和第二开关83中形成防水性的密封构造。
接着，说明本实施方式的作用。如图2所示，在本实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件1中，可拆卸地连结有振子单元2和手柄单元4这两个单元。当使用手持件1时，连结振子单元2和手柄单元4之间。此外，在振子单元2和超声波探针11之间的连结体上形成有供高频电流传递的第一高频电路。
另一方面，在手持件1中形成有用于向钳子17的电极构件传递高频电流的第二高频电路。当高频电流传递至钳子17的电极构件时，形成双极性电极的第二电极部。这样，进行手持件1的组装作业。
当使用手持件1时，相对于固定手柄20开闭操作可动手柄22。与可动手柄22的操作连动地沿轴向移动驱动管19，与驱动管19的轴向进退动作连动地相对于超声波探针11的探针顶端11a开闭驱动钳子17。在这里，当相对于固定手柄20开闭操作了可动手柄22时，与可动手柄22的操作连动地向顶端侧推出操作驱动管19。与驱动管19的推出操作连动地朝向靠近超声波探针11的探针顶端11a侧的方向(闭合位置)驱动钳子17。通过向闭合位置转动操作钳子17，在钳子17和超声波探针11的探针顶端11a之间把持生物体组织。
在该状态下，选择性地压入操作固定手柄20的第一开关82和第二开关83中的任意一者。当压入操作第一开关82时，在通入高频电流的同时，向超声波振子6通入驱动电流，驱动超声波振子6。此时，来自超声波振子6的超声波振动经由振动传递构件11传递至探针顶端11a。由此，能够在通入高频电流的同时，利用超声波进行生物体组织的切开、切除等处理。另外，也可以利用超声波进行生物体组织的凝固处理。
此外，当压入操作第一开关82时，当自图13的未倾动的中立位置笔直地压入操作了第一开关82的受压部97时，开关抵接部104按压开关基板86的金属圆顶94。由此，第一开关82的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第一开关82的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，闭合操作第一开关82的开关接点90。然后，自开关基板86的第一开关82的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
如图15所示，当按压了受压部97的右向延伸部(第二倾动方向延伸部)97b时，第一开关82的受压部97向第二倾动方向倾动。此时，在第一突起102和操作部壳体61的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成第一倾动支点105。通过轴部98以第一倾动支点105为中心倾动的动作，使开关抵接部104按压开关基板86的金属圆顶94。由此，第一开关82的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第一开关82的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，闭合操作第一开关82的开关接点90。然后，自开关基板86的第一开关82的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
另一方面，如图14所示，当按压了受压部97的左向延伸部(第一倾动方向延伸部)97a时，第一开关82的受压部97向第一倾动方向倾动。此时，在第二突起103和操作部壳体61的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成第二倾动支点106。通过轴部98以第二倾动支点106为中心倾动的动作，使开关抵接部104按压开关基板86的金属圆顶94。由此，第一开关82的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第一开关82的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，闭合操作第一开关82的开关接点90。然后，自开关基板86的第一开关82的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
因而，在本实施方式中，即使当在圆弧状的按压面的任意的位置压入操作第一开关82的受压部97时，也能够进行自开关基板86的第一开关82的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号的这一操作即开关操作。
另外，在解除第一开关82的受压部97的压入操作的情况下，利用第一开关82的金属圆顶94弹性恢复成原来的圆顶形状的动作，切断第一开关82的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92之间的连接，开放操作第一开关82的开关接点90。
当压入操作第二开关83时，分别对用于向超声波探针11的探针顶端11a导通高频电流的第一高频电路、及用于向钳子17的钳子主体导通高频电流的第二高频电路通电。由此，利用超声波探针11的探针顶端11a和钳子主体构成用于高频处理的两个双极性电极。而且，通过向超声波探针11的探针顶端11a和钳子17这两个双极性电极之间通入高频电流，能够在钳子17和超声波探针11的探针顶端11a之间对生物体组织进行双极性的高频处理。
另外，对第二开关83也进行与第一开关82相同的开关操作。由此，第二开关83的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第二开关82的第二开关接点91和第二公共接点93，闭合操作第二开关83的开关接点91。而且，自开关基板86的第二开关83的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
此外，当相对于固定手柄20张开操作可动手柄22时，与可动手柄22的张开操作连动地向基端侧拽拉操作驱动管19。与驱动管19的拽拉操作连动地朝向自超声波探针11的探针顶端11a离开的方向(张开位置)驱动钳子17。
因此，在上述结构的手持件1中能够产生以下效果。即，在本实施方式的手持件1中，设置有用于将第一开关82的受压部97支承为能够以操作部壳体61内部的倾动中心O为中心倾动的支承部88。由此，当按压第一开关82的受压部97的远离圆弧状的按压面的中央位置的部分时，能够使受压部97以操作部壳体61内部的倾动中心O为中心倾动。由于通过使受压部97相对于操作部壳体61倾动而使第一开关82的受压部97的按压面移动，因此施术者能够以容易按压的手指姿势按压受压部97的按压面。即，受压部97能够在使用者手指的可动范围内倾动。其结果，不需要像以往的医疗设备那样当施术者按压开关时，在向配置有开关的位置移动手指之后，不能采取容易按压的手指姿势而仍以原来的手指姿势向开关的轴向笔直地按压开关的动作杆。由此，能够使进行第一开关82的开关操作时的可操作性、按压感提高。
而且，在本实施方式中，第一开关82和第二开关83的受压部97是按压面沿第一方向及第二方向这两个方向形成为较长的圆弧状的按钮。根据这种结构，在第一开关82和第二开关83的受压部97中，当在圆弧状的按压面的任意位置进行压入操作时，也能够进行自开关基板86的第一开关82或第二开关83的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号这一操作即开关操作。因此，当操作第一开关82或第二开关83时，即使在使用者压入操作了远离受压部97的中心位置的位置的情况下，也能够进行开关操作。因而，能够提高使用者的可操作性，从而能够进行稳定的开关操作。
而且，在本实施方式中，当压入操作第一开关82或第二开关83的受压部97时，通过使第一开关82或第二开关83的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁，产生点击音。因此，能够使施术者感到点击感，能够可靠地确认第一开关82或第二开关83的开关操作。
此外，图16至图18为表示本发明的第二实施方式的图。本实施方式使用结构与第一实施方式(参照图1至图15)的外科手术装置不同的手术设备111作为设备。
手术设备111主要包括超声波驱动装置112、高频驱动装置113以及手持件114。超声波驱动装置112和高频驱动装置113之间利用通信线缆115连接。
手持件114利用输出用连接线缆116及SW用连接线缆117并借助连接器而连接于超声波驱动装置112。而且，手持件114利用输出用连接线缆118并借助连接器而连接于高频驱动装置113。在高频驱动装置113中，利用连接线缆120并借助连接器而连接有对极板119。
手持件114包括配置于顶端侧的护套主体121、及配置于基端侧的大致圆筒状的操作部壳体122。操作部壳体122和护套主体121之间以配合状态连结。操作部壳体122具有可左右分开的两个壳体部件(左侧壳体部件122a和右侧壳体部件122b)。左侧壳体部件122a和右侧壳体部件122b之间以可装拆的方式连结。
在操作部壳体122内固定有用于生成超声波振动的未图示的超声波振子(例如，螺栓紧固郎之万型振子)。用于超声波驱动的电力自超声波驱动装置112经由输出用连接线缆116供给至超声波振子。
此外，在超声波振子的顶端侧，利用螺栓紧固连接有用于传递超声波振动的探针125。在探针125的顶端部设置有用于处理生物体组织的处理部126。
而且，在操作部壳体122中设置有第一开关123和第二开关124作为手动开关。第一开关123和第二开关124安装于容纳在操作部壳体122内的电路基板即开关基板131。在开关基板131的连接端子上，利用锡焊等连接有SW用连接线缆117内的导线。SW用连接线缆117自操作部壳体122的基端侧向外部延伸，借助连接器连接于超声波驱动装置112。由此，第一开关123和第二开关124的电信号利用SW用连接线缆117传递至超声波驱动装置112。
图17是表示手持件114的第一开关123的概略结构的图。另外，第二开关124的结构与第一开关123相同。因此，在这里仅说明第一开关123的结构，并省略说明第二开关124的结构。
第一开关124包括开关基板131、开关操作部132及支承部133。由于开关基板131的结构与第一实施方式的开关基板86相同，因此对与第一实施方式的开关基板86相同的部分标注相同的附图标记而省略其说明。
在操作部壳体122上设置有用于保持开关基板131的基板保持部134、及用于保持开关操作部132的开关操作部保持部135。利用基板保持部134在操作部壳体122内部的分别与第一开关123和第二开关124相对应的位置保持开关基板131。
开关操作部132具有供使用者按压的受压部136。受压部132被支承部133支承为能够相对于操作部壳体122以操作部壳体122内部的倾动中心O为中心倾动。当使用者按压受压部136时，支承部133以能够克服来自金属圆顶94的力而向受压部136的倾动中心O方向压入的状态支承受压部136。另一方面，在未按压受压部136时，支承部133在使开关接点90保持为开放状态的位置保持开关操作部132。开关操作部132具有轴部137。在轴部137的一端部(受压部136侧的端部)配置有用于与受压部136结合的第一结合部138。在轴部137的另一端部(开关接点90侧的端部)配置有用于与操作部壳体122结合的第二结合部139。
支承部133具有间隙形成部140，该间隙形成部140用于在开关操作部132的轴部137的第一结合部138侧的部分和支承部133之间形成间隙，利用由间隙形成部140形成的间隙使受压部136能够以受压部136的倾动中心O为中心向倾动方向移动。间隙形成部140具有使间隙的截面面积自开关接点90侧随着靠向受压部136侧逐渐增大的圆锥形状的倾斜面140a。图17是表示第一开关123的受压部136保持在非按压状态、且受压部136的轴部137保持在未倾动的中立位置的状态的图。在这里，受压部136的轴部137以能够自中立位置向任意方向倾动的状态保持。
第一开关123的受压部136是按压面形成为大致圆顶形状的按钮。在受压部136的圆顶形状的中央位置配置有其与轴部137结合的第一结合部138。受压部136具有自第一结合部138向外周方向延伸的外周方向延伸部136a。
第二结合部139包括自轴部137向外周方向突出设置的凸缘状的突起141、及用于与开关基板131的金属圆顶94抵接的开关抵接部142。
而且，当自图17所示的中央位置笔直地压入操作第一开关123的受压部136时，开关抵接部142按压开关基板131的金属圆顶94。由此，第一开关123的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第一开关123的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，闭合操作第一开关123的开关接点90。然后，自开关基板131的第一开关123的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
此外，当按压外周方向延伸部136a的自受压部136的中央位置向任意方向偏离的端缘部时，第一开关123的受压部136相对于受压部136的中央位置向位于被按压的部位的方向(按压部位方向)倾动。此时，轴部137向受压部136的倾动方向倾动，在相对于受压部136的倾动中心O与受压部136的倾动方向相反的一侧的端缘部处，在突起141与操作部壳体122的内表面抵接的抵接部上形成倾动支点。通过轴部137以倾动支点为中心倾动的动作，使开关抵接部142按压开关基板131的金属圆顶94。由此，第一开关123的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第一开关123的第一开关接点90和第一公共接点92，闭合操作第一开关123的开关接点90。然后，自开关基板131的第一开关123的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
另外，对第二开关124也进行与第一开关123相同的开关操作。由此，第二开关124的金属圆顶94弹性变形而被压扁。然后，连接第二开关124的第二开关接点91和第二公共接点93，闭合操作第二开关124的开关接点91。然后，自开关基板131的第二开关124的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号。
因此，在上述结构的手术设备111中产生以下效果。即，在本实施方式的手术设备111的手持件114中，设置有用于将第一开关123的受压部136支承为能够以操作部壳体122内部的倾动中心O为中心倾动的支承部133。由此，当按压第一开关123的受压部136的自圆顶状的按压面的中央位置偏离的部分时，能够使受压部136以操作部壳体122内部的倾动中心O为中心倾动。由于通过使受压部136相对于操作部壳体122倾动而使第一开关123的受压部136的按压面移动，因此施术者能够以容易按压的手指姿势按压受压部136的按压面。即，受压部136能够在使用者手指的可动范围内倾动。其结果，能够使进行第一开关123的开关操作时的可操作性、按压感提高。
而且，在本实施方式中，第一开关123和第二开关124的受压部136是按压面形成为圆顶状的按钮。根据这种结构，在第一开关123和第二开关124的受压部136中，当在圆顶状的按压面(按钮)的任意位置进行了压入操作时，也能够进行自开关基板131的第一开关123或第二开关124的发送信号部发送用于驱动设备的信号这一操作即开关操作。因此，当操作第一开关123或第二开关124时，即使在使用者压入操作自受压部136的中心位置偏离的位置的情况下，也能够进行开关操作。因而，能够提高使用者的可操作性，从而能够进行稳定的开关操作。
图19是表示本发明的第三实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件151的图。本实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件151是与第一实施方式(参照图1至图15)相同的超声波凝固切开处理装置。主要部分的结构与第一实施方式相同，细节处的结构与第一实施方式不同。另外，在图19中，对与第一实施方式相同的部分标注相同的附图标记而省略其说明。
即，在本实施方式中，在振子单元2和手柄单元4之间的组装部分设置有同种外观的外部显示部152、153。在这里，振子单元2的第一外部显示部152设置于振子罩7的顶端部的外周面，沿周向排列设置有多个点状的突起154。
手柄单元4的第二外部显示部153配置于保持筒21的振子连接部4b的附近位置。第二外部显示部153设置于保持筒21的基端部的两个侧面，排列设置有多个点状的突起155。利用共同的外观使振子单元2的第一外部显示部152和手柄单元4的第二外部显示部153具有统一感。由此，能够简单地确认振子单元2和手柄单元4为相同类型的情况。
在固定手柄20中，在多指插入环部80的下端部突出设置有爪状的搭指部156。同样，在可动手柄22的一端部突出设置有大致三角形形状的突出部157。
图20是表示本发明的第四实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件161的图。本实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件161是与第一实施方式(参照图1至图15)相同的超声波凝固切开处理装置。主要部分的结构与第一实施方式相同，细节处的结构与第一实施方式不同。另外，在图20中，对与第一实施方式相同的部分标注相同的附图标记而省略其说明。
即，在本实施方式中，在振子单元2和手柄单元4之间的组装部分设置有同种外观的外部显示部162、163。外部显示部162、163形成为与第三实施方式(参照图19)的手持件151的外部显示部152、153不同的形状。
在这里，振子单元2的第一外部显示部162设置于振子罩7的顶端部的外周面，沿周向排列设置有多个直线状的突起164。各突起164沿轴向大致平行地延伸设置。
手柄单元4的第二外部显示部163配置于保持筒21的振子连接部4b的附近位置。第二外部显示部163设置于保持筒21的基端部的两个侧面，排列设置有多个直线状的突起165。利用共同的外观使振子单元2的第一外部显示部162和手柄单元4的第二外部显示部163具有统一感。由此，能够简单地确认振子单元2和手柄单元4为相同类型的情况。
在固定手柄20中，在多指插入环部80的下端部突出设置有爪状的搭指部166。同样，在可动手柄22的一端部突出设置有爪状的搭指部167。
图21示出本发明的第五实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件171。本实施方式是第三实施方式(参照图19)的手持件151的变形例。本实施方式的外科手术装置的手持件171是与第一实施方式(参照图1至图15)相同的超声波凝固切开处理装置。主要部分的结构与第一实施方式相同，细节处的结构与第一实施方式不同。另外，在图21中，对与第一实施方式相同的部分标注相同的附图标记而省略其说明。
即，在本实施方式中，在振子单元2和手柄单元4之间的组装部分设置有同种外观的外部显示部172、173。在这里，振子单元2的第一外部显示部172的结构与第三实施方式(参照图19)的手持件151的振子单元2的第一外部显示部152大致相同。振子单元2的第一外部显示部172设置于振子罩7的顶端部的外周面，沿周向排列设置有多个点状的突起174。
手柄单元4的第二外部显示部173配置于保持筒21的振子连接部4b的附近位置。第二外部显示部173设置于保持筒21的基端部的两个侧面，排列设置有多个点状的突起175。利用共同的外观使振子单元2的第一外部显示部172和手柄单元4的第二外部显示部173具有统一感。由此，能够简单地确认振子单元2和手柄单元4为相同类型的情况。另外，本实施方式的手持件171的手柄单元4的第二外部显示部173和第三实施方式的手持件151的手柄单元4的第二外部显示部153由不同的图案形成。
在本实施方式中，手柄单元4的结构与第三实施方式的手柄单元4不同。即，在本实施方式的手柄单元4中，固定手柄176的多指插入环部177位于保持筒21的下侧，朝向基端侧延伸设置。在多指插入环部80的基端部突出设置有爪状的搭指部178。
在保持筒21的上侧延伸设置有可动手柄179。在可动手柄179的一端部突出设置有大致三角形形状的突出部180。
另外，本发明并不仅限于上述实施方式。例如，手术设备也可以是高频手术装置。高频手术装置包括电连接部和导电性的探针，该电连接部用于对手持件和生成器进行电连接，该生成器用于生成用来驱动上述手持件的驱动能，该导电性的探针配置于上述手持件内，与上述生成器电连接。而且，利用结构与第一实施方式(参照图1至图15)的外科手术装置的第一开关82和第二开关83相同的开关形成用于控制自上述生成器向上述探针供给的高频电流的开关。
其他，当然可以在不脱离本发明的主旨的范围内实施各种变形。

Claims (16)

1.一种开关构造(82、83、123、124)，用于控制设备的驱动，该开关构造(82、83、123、124)包括：
操作部壳体(61、122)，其由使用者保持；
开关接点(90、91)，其设置于上述操作部壳体(61、122)的内部；
开关操作部(87、132)，其具有由上述使用者按压的受压部(97、136)，并用于在开放状态和闭合状态之间操作上述开关接点(90、91)；以及
支承部(88、133)，其用于将上述受压部(97、136)支承为该受压部(97、136)能够相对于上述操作部壳体(61、122)以上述操作部壳体(61、122)的内部的倾动中心(O)为中心倾动，并且将上述受压部(97、136)支承为在上述受压部(97、136)处于倾动状态及上述受压部(97、122)处于未倾动的中立位置的状态下上述使用者能够向上述受压部(97、136)的上述倾动中心(O)的方向压入该受压部(97、136)。
2.根据权利要求1所述的开关构造(82、83、123、124)，其中，
上述开关构造(82、83、123、124)还包括：
偏置构件(94)，其用于当由上述支承部(88、133)在以上述开放状态保持上述开关接点(90、91)的位置保持上述开关操作部(87、132)的、上述受压部(97、136)未被按压的非按压时，以上述开放状态保持上述开关接点(90、91)；以及
开关基板(86、131)，其具有发送信号部，该发送信号部用于当上述受压部(97、136)被按压且由上述支承部(88、133)以上述开关操作部(87、132)能够克服来自上述偏置构件(94)的力向闭合上述开关接点(90、91)的方向移动的方式保持该开关操作部(87、132)的、闭合操作上述开关接点(90、91)的闭合操作时，发送用于驱动上述设备的信号，该开关基板(86、131)在来自上述开关操作部(87、132)的按压下闭合上述开关接点(90、91)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的开关构造(82、83、123、124)，其中，
上述开关操作部(87、132)包括：
轴部(98、137)，其配置于上述受压部(97、136)和开关接点(90、91)之间；
第一结合部(99、138)，其配置于上述轴部(98、137)的位于上述受压部(97、136)侧的端部，并用于与上述受压部(97、136)结合；以及
第二结合部(100、139)，其配置于上述轴部(98、137)的位于上述开关接点(90、91)侧的端部，并用于与上述操作部壳体结合；
上述支承部(88、133)具有间隙形成部(101、140)，该间隙形成部(101、140)用于在上述轴部(98、137)的位于上述第一结合部(99、138)侧的部分与上述支承部(88、133)之间形成间隙，使上述受压部(97、136)能够以上述受压部(97、136)的上述倾动中心(O)为中心向倾动方向移动。
4.根据权利要求3所述的开关构造(82、83、123、124)，其中，
上述间隙形成部(101、140)具有倾斜面(101a、140a)，该倾斜面(101a、140a)使上述间隙的截面面积自上述开关接点(90、91)侧随着靠向上述受压部(97、136)侧逐渐增大。
5.根据权利要求3所述的开关构造(82、83)，其中，
上述第二结合部(100)包括：
第一突起(102)，其向自上述中立位置至少向第一倾动方向和第二倾动方向这两个方向倾动的上述开关操作部(87)的上述第一倾动方向突出，并用于当上述开关操作部(87)的上述受压部(97)向上述第二倾动方向倾动了时，在该第一突起(102)与上述操作部壳体(61)的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成第一倾动支点(105)；
第二突起(103)，其向上述开关操作部(87)的上述第二倾动方向突出，并用于当上述受压部(97)向上述第一倾动方向倾动了时，在该第二突起(103)与上述操作部壳体(61)的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成第二倾动支点(106)；以及
开关抵接部(104)，其与上述开关基板(86、131)抵接，并用于在上述开关操作部(87)的上述轴部(98)以上述第一倾动支点(105)为中心向上述第二倾动方向倾动的动作下或在上述轴部(98)以上述第二倾动支点(106)为中心向上述第一倾动方向倾动的动作下，向闭合上述开关接点(90、91)的方向按压上述开关基板(86、131)。
6.根据权利要求5所述的开关构造(82、83)，其中，
上述受压部(97)具有沿上述第一倾动方向和上述第二倾动方向这两个方向的圆弧状的按压面。
7.根据权利要求3所述的开关构造(123、124)，其中，
上述第二结合部(139)包括：
突起(141)，其向能够自上述中立位置向任意方向倾动的上述开关操作部(132)的外周方向突出，并用于当上述开关操作部(132)的上述受压部(136)自上述中立位置向任意方向倾动了时，使上述受压部(136)的位于相对于上述倾动中心(O)与上述受压部(136)的倾动方向相反的一侧的部分在与上述操作部壳体(122)的内表面抵接的抵接部处形成倾动支点；以及
开关抵接部(142)，其与上述开关基板(86、131)抵接，其用于在上述开关操作部(132)的上述轴部(137)以上述倾动支点为中心向上述受压部(136)的上述倾动方向倾动的动作下，向闭合上述开关接点(90、91)的方向按压上述开关基板(86、131)。
8.根据权利要求1所述的开关构造(82、83、123、124)，其中，
上述开关操作部(87、132)自上述中立位置向上述受压部(97、136)的被上述使用者按压的部位相对于中央位置所在的方向即按压部位方向倾动。
9.根据权利要求1所述的开关构造(82、83、123、124)，其中，
上述开关操作部(87、132)的上述受压部(97、136)能够在使用者的手指能够活动的范围内倾动。
10.根据权利要求1所述的开关构造(82、83)，其中，
上述开关构造(82、83)还包括至少一个上述开关操作部(87)，
上述操作部壳体(61)具有手指放置部(85)，该手指放置部(85)配置于各上述开关操作部(87)之间，并用于在操作时放置上述使用者的手指。
11.一种手术设备，具有手持件(1、114、151、161、171)，该手持件(1、114、151、161、171)具有由使用者保持的操作部壳体(61、122)，
该手术设备具有开关(82、83、123、124)，该开关(82、83、123、124)用于控制设备的驱动，并包括：
开关接点(90、91)，其设置于上述操作部壳体(61、122)的内部；
开关操作部(87、132)，其具有由上述使用者按压的受压部(97、136)，并用于在开放状态和闭合状态之间操作上述开关接点(90、91)；以及
支承部(88、133)，其用于将上述受压部(97、136)支承为该受压部(97、136)能够相对于上述操作部壳体(61、122)以上述操作部壳体(61、122)的内部的倾动中心(O)为中心倾动，并且将上述受压部(97、136)支承为在上述受压部(97、136)处于倾动状态及上述受压部(97、122)处于未倾动的中立位置的状态下上述使用者能够向上述受压部(97、136)的上述倾动中心(O)的方向压入该受压部(97、136)。
12.根据权利要求11所述的手术设备，其中，
上述开关(82、83、123、124)包括：
偏置构件(94)，其用于当由上述支承部(88、133)在以上述开放状态保持上述开关接点(90、91)的位置保持上述开关操作部(87、132)的、上述受压部(97、136)未被按压的非按压时，以上述开放状态保持上述开关接点(90、91)；以及
开关基板(86、131)，其具有发送信号部，该发送信号部用于当上述受压部(97、136)被按压且由上述支承部(88、133)以上述开关操作部(87、132)能够克服来自上述偏置构件(94)的力向闭合上述开关接点(90、91)的方向移动的方式保持该开关操作部(87、132)的、闭合操作上述开关接点(90、91)的闭合操作时，发送用于驱动上述设备的信号，该开关基板(86、131)在来自上述开关操作部(87、132)的按压下闭合上述开关接点(90、91)。
13.根据权利要求12所述的手术设备，其中，
上述手术设备是超声波手术装置，并还包括：
电连接部(9、116)，其用于对上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)和生成器(8、112)进行电连接，该生成器(8、112)用于生成用来驱动上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)的驱动能；
超声波振子(6)，其设置于上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)内，并与上述生成器(8、112)电连接；以及
超声波探针(11、125)，其连接于上述超声波振子(6)，并用于传递来自上述超声波振子(6)的超声波振动。
14.根据权利要求13所述的手术设备，其中，
上述手术设备还包括：
护套(16)，其用于覆盖上述超声波探针(11)；以及
钳子(17)，其以能够相对于上述超声波探针(11)的顶端部(11a)转动的方式安装于上述护套(16)的顶端部。
15.根据权利要求11所述的手术设备，其中，
上述手术设备还包括：
电连接部(9、118)，其用于对上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)和生成器(8、113)进行电连接，该生成器(8、113)用于生成用来驱动上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)的驱动能；以及
导电性的探针(11、125)，其设置于上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)内，并与上述生成器(8、113)电连接；
上述手术设备是高频手术装置，该高频手术装置能够利用上述开关(82、83、123、124)控制自上述生成器(8、113)向上述探针(11、125)供给的高频电流。
16.根据权利要求11所述的手术设备，其中，
上述手术设备还包括：
电连接部(9、116、118)，其用于对上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)和生成器(8、112、113)进行电连接，该生成器(8、112、113)用于生成用来驱动上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)的驱动能；
超声波振子(6)，其设置于上述手持件(1、114、151、161、171)内，并与上述生成器(8、112)电连接；以及
导电性的探针(11、125)，其连接于上述超声波振子(6)，并且与上述生成器(8、113)电连接；
上述手术设备是外科手术装置，该外科手术装置能够利用上述开关(82、83、123、124)控制自上述生成器(8、113)向上述探针(11、125)供给的高频电流、及自上述生成器(8、112)向上述超声波振子(6)供给的超声波用驱动电流。
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