CN102366028A - Efficient nutrient supplementation feed for dairy cattle and application of efficient nutrient supplementation feed - Google Patents
Efficient nutrient supplementation feed for dairy cattle and application of efficient nutrient supplementation feed Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an efficient nutrient supplementation feed for dairy cattle, belongs to the field of feed additives, and in particular relates to a feed additive product for the dairy cattle. The efficient nutrient supplementation feed for the dairy cattle is prepared by adopting the following steps of: crushing calcium carbonate components in a slow release preparation, and mixing the crushed components with alpha-hydroxyl-4-methylthiobutyric acid evenly; mixing the mixture with other components in the slow release preparation evenly; crushing urea, soybean peptide powder, schizophyllum commune and lucid ganoderma to obtain materials with length or grain diameter of being less than 3 mm; mixing the preprocessed mixture with the crushed urea, soybean peptide powder, schizophyllum commune and lucid ganoderma; extruding the mixture by using a feed extruding unit; and mixing the extruded materials with extruded soybean. According to the efficient nutrient supplementation feed for the dairy cattle in the invention, the added edible-medical edible mushroom components not only have nutrient substances such as proteins, polysaccharide and the like, but also have a good lactation promotion effect; and the milk yield of the dairy cattle is effectively increased after the dairy cattle eat the efficient nutrient supplementation feed for the dairy cattle.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to field of fodder, particularly the milk cow forage product.
Background technology:
In order to make milk cow can keep continuing high yield and to keep the milk cow body health; Just must adopt the nutritional supplementation material high in technological content, that usefulness is high, promote milk cow production and keep milk cow health, improve the feed palatability; Improve the utilization rate of feed, reduce production costs.The most frequently used nutritional supplementation material is cow feed additive, premix at present.The primary condition that cow feed additive, premix should possess: 1, help milk cow to produce really, help producing economic benefit.2, to people and milk cow and the abundant safety of dairy products, nontoxic, harmless, noresidue.3, in the bottom line degraded production process and in the milk cow excreta to the generation of environment harmful.4, meet the requirement and the security of milk cow forage production procedure, no incompatibility.
Protein is the synthetic primary raw material of lactoprotein, also is one of major limitation property nutritional labeling of lactating cow daily ration.Protein is degraded and synthetic animalcule albumen by rumen microorganism in cud, and protein degradation, endogenous protein be not with cud chyme entering small intestine with cud, and composition small intestine metabolism protein is digested and assimilated in small intestine, and in mammary gland, synthesized lactoprotein.But rumen microorganism albumen combined coefficient is not high, and the amino acid composition is uneven, thereby has influenced the synthetic of lactoprotein.Therefore, potein deficiency causes milk protein concn to descend in the daily ration, can significantly improve milk protein concn and replenish protein.Discover, the every increase one percentage point of dietary protein, the level of protein just increases by 0.02 percentage point in the cow's milk.But prerequisite is under the condition of dairy cow diet albumen wretched insufficiency, increases the dietary protein level and can improve digestibility and the feed intake of milk cow, so the output of milk also rises thereupon, causes the increase of content of milk protein.Therefore, can think the increase of the output of milk and content of milk protein, be the double result of feed protein direct effect and energy indirect effect.On the other hand, replenish the by-pass protein feed in the daily ration and can improve abomasum and small intestine proteinaceous nutrient, and keep higher lactoprotein output.Non-degrade proteins of cud in the milk cow forage (rumen bypass protein) and microprotein are the main sources of milk calf intestinal protein, and the non-degrade proteins or the amino acid deficiency that arrive abomasum and small intestine in the daily ration are the principal elements that influences the high yield cow content of milk protein.
In general; The protein that gets into cud has 60% to be decomposed approximately; The product that decomposes is ammonia, volatile fatty acid, carbon dioxide and other nitrogen substance, and all the other parts that do not digested then with the post-ruminal digestion that is moved into of glandular stomach chyme, are further digested by the protease of abomasum and small intestine; The protein that this part is not decomposed by rumen microorganism is called " by-pass protein ".
Cud is big fermentation tank of ruminant domestic animal, and it not only can digest the crude fibre that the simple stomach domestic animal is difficult to digest, and reduces the activity of some ANFs; Improve the utilization rate of phytate phosphorus in the feed etc.; And to the albumen of some high-qualitys, free amino acid, carbohydrate etc. also have certain degradation.Therefore, feed being carried out certain processed and coating technique encapsulates to handle to some a small amount of or micro-nutrients (amino acid, choline etc.) and makes it avoid in cud, degrading.
Schizophyllum commune (Schizophyllum commune (Fr.) Fr.) has another name called white ginseng, tree flower, smallpox bacterium etc.Schizophyllum Eumycota, Basidiomycotina, Hymenomycetes, Aphyllophorales, schizophyllum commune section, Schizophyllum.Schizophyllum commune is the traditional edible and medicinal fungi of a kind of China, contains active ingredients such as Schizophyllum commune Fr polysaccharides, nucleosides, adenosine, purine.Can promote the part of macrophage to move with the outer polysaccharide of born of the same parents in the schizophyllum commune born of the same parents and strengthen its activity, also can inducing T cell, NK cell and many and Ia cytohormone produces and second path of complement activation, have strong antitumor activity.Schizophyllum commune property is flat, flavor is sweet, can clearing liver, make eye bright, lactagogue, nourishing and fit keeping function.Schizophyllum commune is mainly cultivated the dual mode acquisition through artificial cultivation and submerged fermentation at present, and it is short that the schizophyllum commune fermented and cultured has the cycle, the characteristics that output is big.
Glossy ganoderma (Ganoderemalucidum (Leyss ex Fr.) karst) is claimed polyporus lucidus again, belongs to Basidiomycotina, Aphyllophorales, Ganodermataceae, Ganoderma.Doctor's allusion quotation in successive dynasties playbacks glossy ganoderma in " medicine-feeding ", and its ranking is before genseng.The record of Shennong's Herbal, Compendium of Material Medica, glossy ganoderma materials for improving vision, tonifying liver gas, calm the nerves, beneficial essence, the beneficial motive, beneficial temper, beneficial lung qi, kidney-nourishing gas, logical nine orifices, ear acute hearing, bright, the sharp joint of order, diuresis, skin maintenance, be first-class excellent tonic product.
Soya-bean polypeptides i.e. the abbreviation of " peptidyl soybean protein hydrolyate ", be soybean protein through the protease effect, the protein hydrolysate that obtains through specially treated again.The essential amino acid of soya-bean polypeptides is formed with soybean protein just the same; Content enriches and balance, and polypeptide compound is easy in the human consumption absorption, and has diseases prevention; Cure the disease; Regulate the effect of human physiological functions, soya-bean polypeptides is a kind of functional food ingredient that has potentiality, becomes the healthy food of 21 century gradually.
Rumen-bypass amino acid decomposes hydroxyl and becomes amino in cud, accomplish from analog to amino acid whose conversion, thereby reach rumen-protected effect; Research shows, in dairy cow diet, adds rumen-bypass amino acid, not only can make milk cow reach the highest output of milk, and can reduce thick protein supply in the daily ration, improves efficiency of feed utilization, reduces cost the burden of avoiding the protein surplus to cause to milk cow.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention provides a kind of milk cow high efficiency nutritious supplement feed.
Product of the present invention comprises expanded soybean, urea, and its proportion of composing is following: schizophyllum commune 20-35wt%; Glossy ganoderma 8-15wt%, sustained release agent 2-6wt%, Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid 0.5-3wt%; Expanded soybean 30-50wt%, urea 4-9wt%, soyabean polypeptide powder 3-8wt%.
Said schizophyllum commune is schizophyllum sporophores, fermentation mycelium or solid fermentation thalline and mycoplasma;
Said glossy ganoderma is ganoderma lucidum fruitbody or fermentation mycelium;
Said sustained release agent mainly is made up of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite;
The percentage by weight of the composition of said sustained release agent is following: ferrous sulfate 5-15%, copper sulphate 10-20%, calcium carbonate 60-80%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5-10%;
Xu Jin hall volume " Chinese medicinal fungi " is seen in the cultivation of schizophyllum commune fermentation mycelium among the present invention.
The preparation method of dairy cow nutrition supplement feed additive of the present invention is following:
Sustained release agent preliminary treatment: calcium carbonate components in the sustained release agent is pulverized the back mix, said mixture and other sustained release agent compositions are mixed with Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid; With urea; After pulverizing, soyabean polypeptide powder, schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma obtain length or particle diameter material, with sustained release agent after the preliminary treatment and pulverizing back urea, soyabean polypeptide powder, schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma mixing less than 3mm; Carry out expandedly with the expanded feed unit, above-mentioned expanded material mixes with expanded soybean.
100-140 ℃ of expanded feed unit swelling temperature, bulking pressure 5.3-7.0 kilogram is cooled to normal temperature, sieve (being not more than 15% through 8mm sieve aperture rate); Adopt conventional artificial rumen technique to measure product and cross the cud effect.
Expanded soybean preparation technology flow process is following: the sheet of sieve below 4mm milling soya seeds, carry out expandedly with the expanded feed unit, and swelling temperature 100-115 ℃, bulking pressure 6.3-7.0 kilogram is cooled to normal temperature, sieve (being not more than 15% through 8mm sieve aperture rate).
Product of the present invention is used to feed the high yield cow in perinatal period and peak of lactation; Or the milk cow of daily yielding more than 20kg; Its method for using: in the conventional fine fodder of milk cow, replenish the milk cow forage of the present invention of 10-25%, feed after fully mixing, preferably just begin to feed in perinatal period.
Beneficial effect:
Be added with the edible mushroom composition of food and medicament dual-purpose in the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed of milk cow provided by the invention; Not only contain nutriments such as protein polysaccharide in the schizophyllum commune that particularly wherein adds and ganoderma lucidum fruitbody or the fermentation mycelium; And schizophyllum commune has good short newborn function, can effectively improve its output of milk behind the milk cattle fooder; Can be cow in perinatal period the prescribing adequate nutrition deposit is provided,, remedy high yield cow negative energy balance and the body condition loss of peak of lactation, improve daily yielding and peak vitality, improve the milk cow conception rate also for peak of lactation provides sufficient nutrition to supply with.Milk cow peak of lactation prolongation 20-40 days.Product of the present invention adopts and adds Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid and Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid and sustained release agent are carried out preliminary treatment; Thereby make product of the present invention increase rumen-bypass amino acid content; Not only make milk cow reach the highest output of milk, and can reduce thick protein supply in the daily ration, improve efficiency of feed utilization; Reduce cost the burden of avoiding the protein surplus to cause to milk cow.
The high efficiency nutritious supplement feed of milk cow provided by the invention contains schizophyllum commune and glossy ganoderma; Contain the metabolite of thalline with resulting mycoplasma behind the solid fermentation, and mycoplasma itself also is good nutriment.The thalline that solid fermentation obtains is the good medium with nutrition and medicinal function, and contains vitamin E, B1, B2, each seed amino acid such as lysine and various trace element.Has abundant nutritive value.
Glossy ganoderma is good medicine-food two-purpose fungi, and it has good edible and health-care effect, is the edible mushroom through human history checking in several thousand.The interpolation of glossy ganoderma can effectively increase the content of beneficiating ingredient such as GL-B vitamin in the product, and glossy ganoderma is enhancing body immunity effectively, improves the milk cow health level.
Feed provided by the invention contains certain amount of urea; Owing to added sustained release agent therein; Under the extruding of certain temperature and pressure, the gelatinization reaction takes place through bulking machine, sustained release agent, urea, schizophyllum commune and glossy ganoderma are coated on together; Thereby effectively slow down the rate of release of urea, increased the utilization ratio of cud degraded nitrogen at cud.
Mailland reaction takes place in soybean puffing technology utilization protein molecule peptide chain amino provided by the invention and carboxyl under HTHP; Amino and carboxyl mutually combines; Make the variation of soy proteinaceous peptide chain structure generation space structure, be unfavorable for the degraded of rumen microorganism, improve it and cross the cud rate.
Soya-bean polypeptides can increase milk cow synthetic proteins raw material through the effect of sustained release agent among the present invention, improves the nutritive peculiarity and the nutritional supplementation of product, promotes that milk cow better absorbs.
The fat content of product of the present invention is 6%, and dry matter degradability is 40%, and protein degradation rate is 28%; Can be 21MJ/KG, NEL is 6.7MJ/KG, and protein content is 20%; Conception rate has improved 14%, through calculating the year output of milk more than 310 kilograms can improve milk cow.
The practical implementation method:
Following embodiment can make those skilled in the art more fully understand the present invention, but does not limit the present invention in any way.
Embodiment 1:
Dairy cow nutrition supplement feed additive is grouped into by following one-tenth: schizophyllum commune 25wt%, glossy ganoderma 15wt%, sustained release agent 4wt%, Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid 2wt%, expanded soybean 45wt%, urea 6wt%, soyabean polypeptide powder 8wt%;
Said schizophyllum commune is a schizophyllum sporophores;
Said glossy ganoderma is a fermented hyphostroma of Ganoderma;
Said sustained release agent mainly is made up of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite;
The proportion of composing of said sustained release agent is following according to percentage by weight: ferrous sulfate 10%, and copper sulphate 15%, calcium carbonate 70%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5% is formed.
The preparation method is following:
Sustained release agent preliminary treatment: calcium carbonate components in the sustained release agent is pulverized the back mix, said mixture and other sustained release agent compositions are mixed with Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid;
With urea, after pulverizing, soyabean polypeptide powder, schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma obtain length or particle diameter material less than 3mm; With sustained release agent after the preliminary treatment with pulverize back urea, soyabean polypeptide powder, schizophyllum commune, glossy ganoderma mix, carry out with the expanded feed unit expanded, 125 ℃ of swelling temperatures, bulking pressure 5.3-5.6 kilogram is cooled to normal temperature, sieve (being not more than 16% through 8mm sieve aperture rate); Above-mentioned expanded material mixes with expanded soybean and gets final product.Adopt conventional artificial rumen technique to measure product and cross the cud effect.
Expanded soybean preparation technology flow process is following: the sheet of sieve below 4mm milling soya seeds, carry out with the expanded feed unit expanded, 120 ℃ of swelling temperatures, bulking pressure 6.3-7.0 kilogram is cooled to normal temperature, sieve (being not more than 14% through 8mm sieve aperture rate).
Embodiment 2
Dairy cow nutrition supplement feed additive is grouped into by following one-tenth: schizophyllum commune 35wt%, glossy ganoderma 15wt%, sustained release agent 3wt%, Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid 1wt%, expanded soybean 30wt%, urea 9wt%, soyabean polypeptide powder 7wt%;
Said schizophyllum commune is a schizophyllum sporophores;
Said glossy ganoderma is a fructification;
Said sustained release agent mainly is made up of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite:
The proportion of composing of said sustained release agent is following according to percentage by weight: ferrous sulfate 5%, and copper sulphate 10%, calcium carbonate 80%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5% is formed.
The preparation method is basic with example 1
Embodiment 3
Dairy cow nutrition supplement feed additive is grouped into by following one-tenth: schizophyllum commune 25wt%, glossy ganoderma 10wt%, sustained release agent 3wt%, Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid 2wt%, expanded soybean 50wt%, urea 4wt%, soyabean polypeptide powder 6wt%;
Said schizophyllum commune is the schizophyllum commune fermentation mycelium;
Said glossy ganoderma is a fructification;
Said sustained release agent mainly is made up of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite:
The proportion of composing of said sustained release agent is following according to percentage by weight: ferrous sulfate 15%, and copper sulphate 15%, calcium carbonate 60%, Sodium Metabisulfite 10% is formed.
The preparation method is basic with example 1
Embodiment 4
Dairy cow nutrition supplement feed additive is grouped into by following one-tenth: schizophyllum commune 20wt%, glossy ganoderma 12wt%, sustained release agent 5wt%, Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid 3wt%, expanded soybean 50wt%, urea 5wt%, soyabean polypeptide powder 5wt%;
Said schizophyllum commune is the schizophyllum commune fermentation mycelium;
Said glossy ganoderma is a fructification;
Said sustained release agent mainly is made up of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite:
The proportion of composing of said sustained release agent is following according to percentage by weight: ferrous sulfate 10%, and copper sulphate 20%, calcium carbonate 65%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5% is formed.
The preparation method is basic with example 1
Embodiment 5
Dairy cow nutrition supplement feed additive is grouped into by following one-tenth: schizophyllum commune 30wt%, glossy ganoderma 8wt%, sustained release agent 5wt%, Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid 1wt%, expanded soybean 40wt%, urea 8wt%, soyabean polypeptide powder 8wt%;
Said schizophyllum commune is schizophyllum commune solid fermentation thalline and mycoplasma;
Said glossy ganoderma is a fructification;
Said sustained release agent mainly is made up of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite:
The proportion of composing of said sustained release agent is following according to percentage by weight: ferrous sulfate 15%, and copper sulphate 15%, calcium carbonate 60%, Sodium Metabisulfite 10% is formed.
The preparation method is basic with example 1
The test of the present invention's example 3 feed addictive results of use:
Milk cow is selected from the red cattle farm that shakes, Beijing, selects age, parity, lactation amount approaching, and 60 of the china holstein cowses of childbirth just are divided into 2 groups, 30 every group at random.It is identical that test group, control group are respectively organized basal diet.The test group daily ration is daily daily ration+15% product of the present invention, and control group is daily daily ration.
Test place and the time: carry out this test red cattle farm that shakes in Beijing; Experimental period (on September 1st, 2010 was to October 30).
Test method and feeding and management are in process of the test, and the control group dairy cow diet is undertaken by original formulation.Its feed ingredient, ratio and scale of feeding are preceding consistent with test; Test group is added feed addictive of the present invention from a childbirth day beginning daily ration on original basis, and all the other are consistent with control group.Every day 3 times, regularly feed, freely drink water, feed roughage earlier, fine fodder is fed in the back, milks every day 3 times.
Appetite and the health status of mensuration project and record viewing test milk cow every day, well-documented history every bovine lactation amount every day.September 15, October 8, October 30.
Presentation of results:
Search for food and health condition is observed: cow feeding amount in experimental period, health condition are normal, anomaly do not occur.The experimental group milk cow is more smooth by hair, and the growth of livestock is better.
Influence to the milk cow lactation amount:
Test group September 15, October 8, October 30 lactation amount compare with control group, difference is extremely remarkable.See table 1 for details.
The influence that table 1, invention product change the lactating cow lactation amount
Claims (7)
1. the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed of milk cow comprises expanded soybean, urea; It is characterized in that the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed proportion of composing of said milk cow is: schizophyllum commune 20-35wt%; Glossy ganoderma 8-15wt%, sustained release agent 2-6wt%, Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid 0.5-3wt%; Expanded soybean 30-50wt%, urea 4-9wt%, soyabean polypeptide powder 3-8wt%.
2. as weighing the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed of 1 said milk cow, it is characterized in that said schizophyllum commune is schizophyllum sporophores or fermentation mycelium or solid fermentation thalline and mycoplasma.
3. as weighing the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed of 1 said milk cow, it is characterized in that said glossy ganoderma is ganoderma lucidum fruitbody or fermentation mycelium.
4. as weighing the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed of 1 said milk cow, it is characterized in that said sustained release agent is made up of ferrous sulfate, copper sulphate, calcium carbonate, Sodium Metabisulfite.
5. as weighing the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed of 4 said milk cows, it is characterized in that the percentage by weight of said sustained release agent composition is following: ferrous sulfate 5-15%, copper sulphate 10-20%, calcium carbonate 60-80%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5-10%.
As weigh 1 with power 5 said milk cows high efficiency nutritious supplement feed; It is characterized in that the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed proportion of composing of said milk cow is: schizophyllum commune 25wt%, glossy ganoderma 15wt%, sustained release agent 4wt%; Alpha-hydroxy-4-methylmercapto butyric acid 2wt%; Expanded soybean 45wt%, urea 6wt%, soyabean polypeptide powder 8wt%; The percentage by weight that said sustained release agent is formed is: ferrous sulfate 10%, and copper sulphate 15%, calcium carbonate 70%, Sodium Metabisulfite 5% is formed.
7. as weighing the high efficiency nutritious supplement feed of 1 said milk cow in the application aspect the raising dairy cattle.
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| AU2017200872B2 (en) * | 2014-03-10 | 2019-01-31 | Paul Edward Stamets | Integrative fungal solutions for protecting bees |
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| US11752182B2 (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2023-09-12 | Turtle Bear Holdings, Llc | Integrative fungal solutions for protecting bees |
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| US10813960B2 (en) | 2000-10-04 | 2020-10-27 | Paul Edward Stamets | Integrative fungal solutions for protecting bees and overcoming colony collapse disorder (CCD) |
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| US11752182B2 (en) | 2014-03-10 | 2023-09-12 | Turtle Bear Holdings, Llc | Integrative fungal solutions for protecting bees |
| CN108477067A (en) * | 2018-02-11 | 2018-09-04 | 贵港正邦农牧科技有限公司 | A kind of method for breeding improving hunchbacked milk yield |
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