CN102352056A - 硅藻土复合矿物橡胶补强填料的研制 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明是用于塑胶制品中的硅藻土复合矿物橡胶补强填料的研制。针对硅藻土特有的低密度、容重小、表面吸附性强、化学性能稳定等特点，结合不同形态其他硅酸盐矿物，经合理组合开发出作为高分子材料的填料，可以替代橡胶中的炭黑、白炭黑，减少塑胶用量、降低成本、提高性能。该技术属于矿物材料开发利用及复合材料领域。以硅藻土为主，同时与不同形态其他硅酸盐矿物组合搭配，制备具有补强性能的塑胶矿物复合填料。经混合、研磨后获得可用于橡胶、塑料的填料，替代半补强炭黑、炭黑和白炭黑的复合矿物填料。
Description
一、技术领域
本发明是针对硅藻土特有的低密度、容重小、表面吸附性强、化学性能稳定等特点，结合不同形态其他硅酸盐矿物，经合理组合开发出作为高分子材料的填料，可以替代橡胶中的炭黑、白炭黑，减少塑胶用量、降低成本、提高性能。属于矿物材料开发利用及复合材料领域。
二、背景技术
硅藻土是海洋或湖泊中生长的硅藻类残骸在水底沉积，经自然环境作用而逐渐形成的生物成因硅质沉积岩。其矿物成份为非晶态蛋白石。硅藻壳的表面及其微孔中，有大量羧基覆盖，且有氢键存在，因而显弱酸性，故也被称为固体酸。硅藻土壳体上微孔密集、堆密度小、比表面积大，因而具有较强的吸附力和过滤性能。因此，硅藻土一直在有机化工合成催化剂载体、助滤剂、污水处理、轻质建材等方面广泛应用。
硅藻土替代炭黑能够减少高能耗、高污染炭黑的使用，无疑具有重要的现实意义。硅藻土容重小、化学性能稳定，因此在橡胶、塑料中的应用倍受关注，采用硅藻土作为橡胶填料的研究已有报道(CN200410062795.5，CN89105869.9)。但由于硅藻土壳体轻、非晶态蛋白石性脆，导致单纯使用硅藻土填料的产品硬度和耐磨性较差，不能完全满足性能需要。为获得综合性能理想的塑胶填料，本发明利用天然矿物不同的结构形态特征，经过合理组合，获得以硅藻土为主的复合矿物填料，以满足其性能要求。
三、发明内容
本发明以硅藻土为主，同时与不同形态其他硅酸盐矿物组合搭配，制备具有补强性能的塑胶矿物复合填料。硅藻土中蛋白石含量在60wt％以上，其他矿物可以是煤矸石、地开石、膨润土、硅灰石、透闪石、叶腊石、碎云母等，其他矿物填加的量可以是0.5-35wt％。对于各类矿物采用表面有机改性剂改性。经混合、研磨后获得可用于橡胶、塑料的填料，替代半补强炭黑、炭黑和白炭黑的复合矿物填料。
四、具体实施方式
实施例1：取硅藻土粉100克，放入高温炉中在600℃中保温2小时，随炉冷却。取煅烧后的硅藻土粉80克，5克地开石粉，3克硅灰石粉，用3wt％脂肪酸进行表面改性，之后过200目筛。
实施例2：取硅藻土粉100克，放入高温炉中在700摄氏度保温2小时，随炉冷却。取煅烧后的硅藻土粉80克，经硅烷偶联剂(550)3wt％改性的地开石粉5克、经硬脂酸1wt％改性硅灰石粉3克混合均匀，过200目筛。
实施例3：取硅藻土粉100克，放入高温炉中在800摄氏度保温2小时，随炉冷却。取煅烧后的硅藻土粉80克，经经三乙醇胺3wt％改性的膨润土粉8克、硅烷偶联剂(550)2wt％改性透闪石粉2克混合均匀，过200目筛。
Claims (3)
1.本发明所指的硅藻土是天然产出并其中蛋白石含量在60wt％以上，600-800℃焙烧1-6小时后获得的焙烧硅藻土，取硅藻土粉55-90wt％，取经粉碎并表面改性的层状矿物1-30wt％、经表面改性的链状矿物0-20wt％，将不同种类矿物粉体混合并进一步干法研磨，获得可以替代炭黑、白炭黑的复合矿物填料。
2.权利要求1中所述的层状矿物可以是高岭石、地开石、煤矸石、蒙脱石等，链状矿物可以是硅灰石、透闪石等。
3.权利要求2所述的改性矿物粉体改性剂可以是脂肪酸、脂肪胺、硅烷、和钛酸酯偶联剂，改性剂用量为矿物粉体质量的0.5-5wt％，改性条件为常温固相混合。
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102992670A (zh) * | 2012-09-30 | 2013-03-27 | 盱眙县东强新型建材厂 | 凹凸棒火山碎屑岩混凝土熟骨料 |
| CN104529380A (zh) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 青岛宏赛环保科技有限公司 | 一种复合化硅藻土的制造方法 |
| CN107011551A (zh) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种具有高抗湿滑性的改性硅化合物/胎面胶复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN108084805A (zh) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-29 | 田秋珍 | 一种防水型硅藻泥涂料的制备方法 |
| CN108586852A (zh) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-09-28 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 高韧性耐热橡胶材料及其制备方法 |
| CN108641144A (zh) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-10-12 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 高强度耐热电缆及其制备方法 |
| CN109437833A (zh) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-03-08 | 安徽科比电子科技有限公司 | 一种用于耐冲击铝壳电阻器内填充料 |
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| CN1587304A (zh) * | 2004-07-12 | 2005-03-02 | 马菊云 | 硅藻土橡胶补强剂 |
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Patent Citations (1)
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| CN1587304A (zh) * | 2004-07-12 | 2005-03-02 | 马菊云 | 硅藻土橡胶补强剂 |
Non-Patent Citations (6)
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| 《橡塑技术与装备》 20020225 付万森等 "硅藻土在橡胶制品中的应用" 第29－30页 1－3 第28卷, 第2期 * |
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Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102992670A (zh) * | 2012-09-30 | 2013-03-27 | 盱眙县东强新型建材厂 | 凹凸棒火山碎屑岩混凝土熟骨料 |
| CN102992670B (zh) * | 2012-09-30 | 2014-02-26 | 盱眙县东强新型建材厂 | 凹凸棒火山碎屑岩混凝土熟骨料 |
| CN104529380A (zh) * | 2014-12-23 | 2015-04-22 | 青岛宏赛环保科技有限公司 | 一种复合化硅藻土的制造方法 |
| CN107011551A (zh) * | 2017-05-22 | 2017-08-04 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种具有高抗湿滑性的改性硅化合物/胎面胶复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN107011551B (zh) * | 2017-05-22 | 2018-12-25 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | 一种具有高抗湿滑性的改性硅化合物/胎面胶复合材料及其制备方法 |
| CN108084805A (zh) * | 2017-12-06 | 2018-05-29 | 田秋珍 | 一种防水型硅藻泥涂料的制备方法 |
| CN108586852A (zh) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-09-28 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 高韧性耐热橡胶材料及其制备方法 |
| CN108641144A (zh) * | 2018-05-23 | 2018-10-12 | 芜湖航天特种电缆厂股份有限公司 | 高强度耐热电缆及其制备方法 |
| CN109437833A (zh) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-03-08 | 安徽科比电子科技有限公司 | 一种用于耐冲击铝壳电阻器内填充料 |
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