CN102308767A

CN102308767A - Method for preventing and treating disease of Litopenaeus vannamei subjected to freshwater aquiculture

Info

Publication number: CN102308767A
Application number: CN2010102223699A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈运兵; 杜向东; 王云帝
Original assignee: HUNAN NATURE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIAL CO LTD
Current assignee: HUNAN NATURE AGRICULTURAL INDUSTRIAL CO LTD
Priority date: 2010-07-02
Filing date: 2010-07-02
Publication date: 2012-01-11

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of freshwater aquiculture of Litopenaeus vannamei, in particular to a method for preventing and treating disease of Litopenaeus vannamei subjected to freshwater aquiculture. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps of: adding 4 to 5 kilos of water, 30 grams of ginseng, 500 grams of ginger and 500 grams of shallot into 50 kilos of feed; placing in a crock or a porcelain jar; placing over soft fire to cook until the water in the jar is about 2.5 kilos; turning off flame; mixing the feed into the hot jar; sealing the jar with a film or a sealing barrel tightly; after 2 hours, feeding for one time in the morning and one time in the evening every day; and continuously feeding for 3 days. The method is limited to be applied to prawn with the size of below 6 cm. When the prawn reaches 6 cm, viruses in the water can be effectively killed by grinding garlic into pulp, placing for 2 hours, mixing the garlic pulp and water in an amount which is 5 times that of the garlic pulp and scattering the mixture into 1.5-meter deep water. The method also comprises the following steps of: adding 30 grams of ginseng, 50 grams of isatis root and 2.5 kilos of water into 50 kilos of feed; boiling with the crock or the porcelain jar over soft fire until water is about 1.25 kilos; mixing the feed with the water; adding 20 milliliters of human vitamin C and 20 milliliters of vitamin B to improve disease resistance; and feeding for one time every 10 days and stopping feeding about 20 days before catching, wherein 3 days constitute a treatment course. By the technical scheme, the prevention cost is reduced. The method is an effective, non-polluted and full-Chinese-medicine scheme for preventing and treating vitiligo and corpus hemorrhagicum.

Description

A kind of method of Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture disease prevention and cure

Technical field

The present invention relates to Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture field, is a kind of method of Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture disease prevention and cure.

Background technology

Continuous development along with the breed of Penaeus Vannmei bursts out into various epidemic diseases in recent years, roughly is divided into viral disease; Bacteriosis, fungal disease, and the disease that chemical factors causes wherein draws synthetic disease viral disease (being kwashiorkor) harm the most serious with hickie synthetic disease viral disease and peach; In case catch this disease; Wherein a kind of pool is entirely destroyed, even can infect other pond, and this disease transmission speed is fast, harm is big, refractory is healed; All do not reach a standard to this sick treatment in the whole nation and even the whole world at present, very harmful to raiser's interests.

The reason of bringing out the generation of Penaeus Vannmei disease is a lot, generally has:

One, prawn physique: normotrophic prawn is healthy; Invasion and attack to cause of disease just have certain resistance, and bad environment is also had stronger adaptive faculty, have bad physiques, poky prawn; Premunition and the adaptive faculty of environment all obviously reduced then, various diseases is also invaded thereupon.

Two, malnutrition: in forage volume deficiency of throwing something and feeding or the feed contained nutrient component not enough as: vitamin, mineral matter, amino acid etc. all can cause the generation of Penaeus Vannmei disease, and the putrid and deteriorated feed of particularly throwing something and feeding is the key factor that causes prawn disease to take place.

Three, the inborn or hereditary defective of prawn itself like sick seedling, weak seedling, big seedling, lopsided seedling with receive the shrimp seedling that antibiotic pollutes, also is to cause colony that the key factor of disease takes place.

Four, the infringement of causal organism: causal organism comprises parasites such as microorganisms such as virus, bacterium, fungi and protozoa; Work as environmental deterioration; Microecosystem disequilibrium or aquaculture organism generation trophism function hinder or receive under the situation such as wound, and the microorganism of some kinds just can be invaded body and caused that disease takes place.

Five, poisonous algae, like dinoflagellate, blue-green algae, these algae can multiply in a large number when environment is suitable, and every milliliter water reaches (20-100) * 10 ³During individual cell, just form " wawter bloom " or " red tide ", at this moment just can produce toxin, directly cause the generation of disease of prawn.

Six, the deterioration of water environment, culture that temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen amount, acid-base value, cultivation density in the waters is excessive, ammonia nitrogen, nitrite, content of beary metal, improper fertilization, hydrogen sulphide and water body middle peasant remedies oil all can cause prawn that disease takes place.

Seven, raising is improper: the desilting sterilization in pond is not thorough; The degree of depth of water is with to change water improper; Quality of the fodder and feeding volume, and careless manipulation causes the shrimp body injured, the tool using sterilization is not thorough; Unsuitable drug administration prevent disease, find disease slow excessively or the like all be to cause to shrimps red body and leukodermal key factor.

The comprehensive above reason of prawn morbidity that can make is broadly divided into internal factor and extraneous factor two big classes, and in a single day the shrimp body goes down with as finding untimely just be easy to cause into kwashiorkor and Leucoplakia two War Torn property diseases.

At present, domestic still do not have good measure and method for treatment prawn white spot method sick and kwashiorkor, mainly is the generation that prevents disease of prawn; Main method is to select high-quality feed for use; At any time keep the water quality in the breeding water body fertile, alive, tender, the medicine that prevention face is used has traditional Chinese medicine ingredients such as glucose, peptide glycan, vitamin, isatis root, three blooms, and external used medicine has the bromine sea to spread and sink in, contain the medicine of Operand medicine and chlorine-containing agent; Rationally change water besides; Carry out regular water body disinfection, this scheme is not invested prevention costs up to 200-300 unit in every mu of waters at least if open water supply need not draw water yet, but in case Leucoplakia takes place or kwashiorkor is still felt simply helpless; So just bringing very big loss to the raiser, also is the incurable disease that the raiser inspires awe even from distance.

Summary of the invention

The objective of the invention is to provide the method for a kind of Penaeus Vannmei disease prevention and cure in the freshwater aquiculture environment.

Technical scheme of the present invention is: strengthen prawn physique with genseng, ginger, green onion can be removed some small viruses in the shrimp body at any time, and concrete operations are: per hundred jin of feeds add water 8-10 jin with genseng 30 grams, ginger, each 500 gram of green onion; Place in crock or the porcelain jar, be placed on and boil surplus 5 jin of left and right sides Guan Huo of water to the jar on the slow fire, take advantage of heat to admix in the feed, can throw something and feed after obturaging two hours with film or honey envelope bucket; This method every day of each throwing sooner or later once connects and threw something and fed 3 days, and first quarter moon had once so both strengthened prawn physique; The prawn vivotoxin can be discharged at any time, and it is more suitable below 6cm that this method is only limited to prawn, when prawn reaches 6cm, is in temperature, the most serious 7-8 month of climatic variation; Be prawn onset peak season at this moment, remove and to use the chlorine-containing agent disinfectant external that every mu of 1.5 meters dark waters surface are worn into slurry with the big head of garlic; Place and convert five times of water after two hours and be spilled in the water body, can effectively kill the virus in the water body, every mu of consumption is a 10-15 jin; Will add solution such as Radix Isatidis, genseng in the feed simultaneously, concrete grammar is that per hundred jin of feeds add genseng 30 grams, Radix Isatidis 50 grams; Add 5 jin of water, boil to 2.5 jin of water with crock or porcelain jar slow fire and admix feed, add each 20ml of human vitamin C and cobalamin in addition to improve the prawn resistance against diseases; Per three days one courses of treatment, per ten days once, stopped in preceding about 20 days to feed until fishing for.

Owing to adopted technique scheme; Prophylactic is expensive slightly except that genseng, ginger green onion cost is extremely low; Every mu of water surface prevention costs just can solve in 200 yuan, if treat proper every mu also ultra only 300 yuan, the specification shrimp protein matter that raises like this and other trace element; Mouthfeel all improves a lot, and is the effective scheme of a kind of nuisanceless full Chinese herb on the prevention treatment hickie, corpus hemorrhagicum two diseases.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is further described.

Concrete method of preventing and treating hickie, corpus hemorrhagicum two diseases, at first still strict prevention: prevention method is that with genseng enhancing prawn physique, ginger, green onion can be removed some interior small viruses of shrimp body at any time; Concrete operations are: per hundred jin of feeds add water 8-10 jin with genseng 30 grams, ginger, each 500 gram of green onion, place in crock or the porcelain jar, are placed on and boil surplus 5 jin of left and right sides Guan Huo of water to the jar on the slow fire; Take advantage of heat to admix in the feed, can throw something and feed after obturaging two hours with film or honey envelope bucket, this method is respectively thrown once every day sooner or later, connects and throws something and feeds 3 days; First quarter moon had once so both strengthened prawn physique, and the prawn vivotoxin can be discharged at any time, and it is more suitable below 6cm that this method is only limited to prawn; When prawn reaches 6cm, being the most serious 7-8 month of climatic variation, is prawn onset peak season at this moment, and preventive measure are also corresponding will to be strengthened; Usually want strictness to hold water body and regulate the pass, remove and will use the chlorine-containing agent disinfectant external, every mu of 1.5 meters dark waters surface are worn into slurry with the big head of garlic; Place and convert five times of water after two hours and be spilled in the water body, can effectively kill the virus in the water body, every mu of consumption is a 10-15 jin; Will add solution such as Radix Isatidis, genseng in the feed simultaneously, concrete grammar is that per hundred jin of feeds add genseng 30 grams, Radix Isatidis 50 grams; Add 5 jin of water, boil to 2.5 jin of water with crock or porcelain jar slow fire and admix feed, add each 20ml of human vitamin C and cobalamin in addition to improve the prawn resistance against diseases; Per three days one courses of treatment, per ten days once, stopped in preceding about 20 days to feed until fishing for.

In breeding process, if in case find Penaeus Vannmei and have slightly or just caught under wherein a kind of situation of this two disease and will take resolute measure immediately, treatment as early as possible; Concrete grammar is at first with the chlorine-containing agent water body of sterilizing; After 4 hours, convert water with every mu of 15 jin of defibrinations of garlic juice and be spilled into water body, so that effectively kill the virus in the water body, garlic juice had both been sterilized also can kill the bacterium in the water body; Morning, per hundred jin of feeds were with ginger 500 grams, green onion 500 grams, garlic 500 grams simultaneously; Add water 8-10 jin, simmer in water and admix feed to about 5 jin and add human vitamin C, cobalamin in addition, each 30ml of virazole admixes in the feed simultaneously and throws something and feeds; Use evening and boil Siberian cocklebur, the Radix Astragali, Radix Isatidis, each 100 gram of gall nut and add to admix when water 8-10 jin boils to remaining 5 jin of water and add human vitamin C, cobalamin, virazole 50ml in the feed simultaneously to admix the week of throwing something and feeding in the feed be a course of treatment; Convert water then and evenly be sprinkled into the pond with 12 jin every mu immersions earlier of powdery tea cypress 12 hours in the 3rd day behind water body disinfection, and forced prawn unified shell in three days in the pool; Spilling a garlic juice after three days again gets final product; If the state of an illness can be controlled, threw something and fed again three days with predose with genseng, ginger, green onion after seven days, strengthen the physique of the back shrimp of recovering.

Claims

1. the method for Penaeus Vannmei freshwater aquiculture disease prevention and cure is characterized in that strengthening prawn physique with genseng, and ginger, green onion can be removed some small viruses in the shrimp body at any time, and concrete operations are: per hundred jin of feeds are with genseng 30 grams, ginger, each 500 gram of green onion; Add water 8-10 jin, place in crock or the porcelain jar, be placed on and boil surplus 5 jin of left and right sides Guan Huo of water to the jar on the slow fire, take advantage of heat to admix in the feed; Can throw something and feed after bucket was obturaged two hours with film or sweet the envelope, this method every day of each throwing was was sooner or later once even thrown something and fed 3 days; First quarter moon had once so both strengthened prawn physique, and the prawn vivotoxin can be discharged at any time; It is more suitable below 6cm that this method is only limited to prawn, when prawn reaches 6cm, is in temperature, the most serious 7-8 month of climatic variation; Be prawn onset peak season at this moment, remove and to use the chlorine-containing agent disinfectant external that every mu of 1.5 meters dark waters surface are worn into slurry with the big head of garlic; Place and convert five times of water after two hours and be spilled in the water body, can effectively kill the virus in the water body, every mu of consumption is a 10-15 jin; Will add solution such as Radix Isatidis, genseng in the feed simultaneously, concrete grammar is that per hundred jin of feeds add genseng 30 grams, Radix Isatidis 50 grams; Add 5 jin of water, boil to 2.5 jin of water with crock or porcelain jar slow fire and admix feed, add each 20ml of human vitamin C and cobalamin in addition to improve the prawn resistance against diseases; Per three days one courses of treatment, per ten days once, stopped in preceding about 20 days to feed until fishing for.