Summary of the invention
For solving the provenance shortage, improve the sequoia sempervirens percentage of seedgermination, reduce the incidence of disease of damping off in seedling stage; Improve problems such as planting percent, the present invention provides a kind of raising germination rate, and the seedling phase does not have damping off and takes place; Planting percent is higher, and it is fast to emerge, and growing state is good; The sequoia sempervirens seed seedling-raising method that seedling is healthy and strong is realized through following technical proposal.
The present invention is to provide a kind of like this seedling-cultivating method, a kind of sequoia sempervirens seed seedling-raising method is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
1, a kind of sequoia sempervirens seed seedling-raising method is characterized in that comprising the following steps:
A. after the sequoia sempervirens seed being soaked 11~23 hours with clear water, carry out disinfection, clean, drain soaking seed by routine;
B. steps A gained seed being wrapped up with wet towel, is that 20~28 ℃, intensity of illumination are under 1500~3000Lx condition in temperature, and vernalization keeps towel moistening to seed sprouting during the vernalization;
C. the seed of step B is sowed on wet pearlite interstitial substance, perhaps sowed on the wet basis matter that perlite mixes with vermiculite, wherein the volume ratio of mixed-matrix is: Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ vermiculite=1~2 ︰ 1;
D. on the seed-bearing wet basis matter of sowing of step C, cover the wet basis matter identical with step C, the thickness that control covers wet basis matter is 0.3~0.8cm, is shading and is keeping under the matrix wet condition, cultivates seed to emerging;
E. by the seedling water spray of routine to step D; And bactericide of spray in per 3~4 days, after the week of emerging, it is drenched to spray mass concentration and be 0.05~0.1% nutrient solution to matrix; It is drenched to spray one time of nutrition liquid to matrix in every afterwards 5-7 days, grows 4~6 true leaves until seedling;
F. in sprigging to the conventional nutrition soil with step e; Water permeable; And growth is removed the condition of sheltering from heat or light after one week under the condition of sheltering from heat or light; Growing period sprays bactericide one time to seedling weekly, and watering weekly after become living and executing mass concentration is that 0.1~0.3% nutrient solution to nutrition soil is drenched, and growing promptly obtains the seedling of sequoia sempervirens after 80~100 days.
The sterilization of said steps A is that to use mass concentration be that 0.1~0.3% potassium permanganate soaked seed 20~60 minutes; Perhaps using mass concentration is that 1~2% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaked seed 20~40 minutes.
The vernalization of said step B is to make chitting piece account for 5~30% of seed total amount to seed sprouting.
The thickness of identical wet basis matter is 0.3~0.8cm in the said step D covering.
The condition of sheltering from heat or light of said step D, F is: using the rate of shading is that 70~90% shading screen blocks.
Bactericide in the said step e is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, agricultural streptomycin, each a kind of with wherein, and each bactericide is used alternatingly.
Nutrition soil in the said step F is to be mixed by laterite, perlite and the peat composed of rotten mosses volume ratio by 1 ~ 2 ︰, 1 ︰ 1.
Drench nutrition soil the previous day of sprigging to nutrition soil earlier in the said step F.
The bactericide of said step F is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, mancozeb, each a kind of with wherein, and each bactericide is used alternatingly.
Said nutrient solution is commercial product.
The present invention has advantage and beneficial effect: vernalization in advance before the present invention sows, and provide and can satisfy the required light of sequoia sempervirens seed sprouting, temperature, wet, gas condition, improved percentage of seedgermination and regularity; Adopt soilless-cultivated seedling; Especially suitable sowing media; Efficiently solve damping off problem in seedling stage; See table 1 (different sowing medias are to the influence of damping off in seedling stage), cooperate effective prevention of rationally the using of appropriate nutrition soil and nutrient solution, disease again, can reach higher planting percent like this and guarantee the quality of seedling; For the breeding and seedling of sequoia sempervirens provides a kind of new, feasible solution, for standardization, the large-scale production that promotes the sequoia sempervirens seedling provides a new thinking; Use this method that a large amount of sequoia sempervirens high quality seedlings can be provided, and then produce huge ecological benefits and economic benefit.The seedling well developed root system of sequoia sempervirens, robust growth, the life-span is long, adaptive faculty is strong, plant type is graceful, has the advantage that the clone seedling hardly matches.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment the present invention is done and to further describe.
Embodiment 1
A. after the sequoia sempervirens seed being soaked 23 hours with clear water, using mass concentration is that 0.1% potassium permanganate soaked seed 60 minutes, cleans, drain well;
B. the seed after steps A being drained wraps up with wet towel, is that 28 ℃, intensity of illumination are vernalization under the 2000Lx condition in temperature, spray water to towel every day simultaneously, and to keep towel moistening, be 5% until percentage of seedgermination;
C. the seed of step B is evenly sowed on wet pearlite interstitial substance;
D. on the seed-bearing wet basis matter of sowing of step C; Cover wet pearlite interstitial substance, the thickness that control covers wet basis matter is 0.3cm, is placed on the seedbed in the greenhouse; And above the seedbed, establishing the rate of shading and be 70% sunshade net shades; Pass through matrix with the clear water spray, and it is moistening to remain matrix, cultivates seed to emerging;
E. by the seedling water spray of routine to step D, by bactericide of routine spray in per 3 days, and bactericide is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, agricultural streptomycin; Spray a kind of each time; Alternately spray, after the week of emerging, it is drenched to spray mass concentration and be 0.1% commercial nutrient solution to matrix; Per afterwards nutrient solution to matrix that sprayed an equal in quality concentration in 7 days drenches, and grows 4~6 true leaves until seedling;
F. with the: Hong Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=1.5 ︰, 1 ︰, 1 volume ratio in sprigging to the following wet nutrition soil of step e; Water permeablely, and to use the rate of shading be that 80% sunshade net shades, one week the back remove the sunshade net; Growing period sprays bactericide by routine one time to seedling weekly; Bactericide is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl, mancozeb, sprays a kind ofly at every turn, and various bactericide alternately spray; The back of become living waters weekly by routine that to execute mass concentration be that 0.3% commercial nutrient solution to nutrition soil is drenched, and growing promptly obtains the seedling of sequoia sempervirens after 80~100 days.
Embodiment 2
A. after the sequoia sempervirens seed being soaked 11 hours with clear water, using mass concentration is that 2% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaked seed 20 minutes, cleans, drain well;
B. the seed after steps A being drained wraps up with wet towel, is that 20 ℃, intensity of illumination are vernalization under the 3000Lx condition in temperature, spray water to towel every day simultaneously, and is 10% to keep towel moistening until percentage of seedgermination;
C. the seed of step B is evenly sowed on the wet basis matter that perlite mixes with vermiculite, wherein the volume ratio of mixed-matrix is: Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ vermiculite=2 ︰ 1;
D. on the seed-bearing wet basis matter of sowing of step C; Cover wet pearlite interstitial substance, the thickness that control covers wet basis matter is 0.8cm, is placed on the seedbed in the greenhouse; And above the seedbed, establishing the rate of shading and be 90% sunshade net shades; Pass through matrix with the clear water spray, and it is moistening to remain matrix, cultivates seed to emerging;
E. by the seedling water spray of routine to step D, by bactericide of routine spray in per 4 days, and bactericide is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl or agricultural streptomycin; Spray a kind of each time; Alternately spray, after the week of emerging, it is drenched to spray mass concentration and be 0.05% commercial nutrient solution to matrix; Per afterwards nutrient solution to matrix that sprayed an equal in quality concentration in 5 days drenches, and grows 4~6 true leaves until seedling;
F. in sprigging to the following wet nutrition soil with step e: give birth to the Hong Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=2 ︰, 1 ︰, 1 volume ratio; Water permeablely, and to use the rate of shading be that 70% sunshade net shades, one week the back remove the sunshade net; Growing period sprays bactericide by routine one time to seedling weekly; Bactericide is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb, sprays a kind ofly at every turn, is used alternatingly and sprays; The back of become living waters weekly by routine that to execute mass concentration be that 0.1% commercial nutrient solution to nutrition soil is drenched, and growing promptly obtains the seedling of sequoia sempervirens after 80~100 days.
Embodiment 3
A. after the sequoia sempervirens seed being soaked 18 hours with clear water, using mass concentration is that 1% liquor natrii hypochloritis soaked seed 40 minutes, cleans, drain well;
B. the seed after steps A being drained wraps up with wet towel, is that 28 ℃, intensity of illumination are vernalization under the 1500Lx condition in temperature, spray water to towel every day simultaneously, and is 30% to keep towel moistening until percentage of seedgermination;
C. the seed of step B is evenly sowed on the wet basis matter that perlite mixes with vermiculite, wherein the volume ratio of mixed-matrix is: Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ vermiculite=1 ︰ 1;
D. on the seed-bearing wet basis matter of sowing of step C; Cover wet pearlite interstitial substance, the thickness that control covers wet basis matter is 0.5cm, is placed on the seedbed in the greenhouse; And above the seedbed, establishing the rate of shading and be 80% sunshade net shades; Pass through matrix with the clear water spray, and it is moistening to remain matrix, cultivates seed to emerging;
E. by the seedling water spray of routine to step D, by bactericide of routine spray in per 4 days, and bactericide is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl or agricultural streptomycin; Spray a kind of each time; Alternately spray, after the week of emerging, it is drenched to spray mass concentration and be 0.08% commercial nutrient solution to matrix; Per afterwards nutrient solution to matrix that sprayed an equal in quality concentration in 6 days drenches, and grows 4~6 true leaves until seedling;
F. in sprigging to the following wet nutrition soil with step e: give birth to the Hong Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=1.5 ︰, 1 ︰, 1 volume ratio; Water permeablely, and to use the rate of shading be that 80% sunshade net shades, one week the back remove the sunshade net; Growing period sprays bactericide by routine one time to seedling weekly; Bactericide is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb, sprays a kind ofly at every turn, is used alternatingly and sprays; The back of become living waters weekly by routine that to execute mass concentration be that 0.2% commercial nutrient solution to nutrition soil is drenched, and growing promptly obtains the seedling of sequoia sempervirens after 80~100 days.
Embodiment 4
A. after the sequoia sempervirens seed being soaked 15 hours with clear water, using mass concentration is that 0.3% potassium permanganate soaked seed 20 minutes, cleans, drain well;
B. the seed after steps A being drained wraps up with wet towel, is that 22 ℃, intensity of illumination are that vernalization is sprayed water to towel to seed sprouting simultaneously every day under the 2500Lx condition in temperature, to keep towel moistening, reaches 22% until percentage of seedgermination;
C. the seed of step B is evenly sowed on wet pearlite interstitial substance;
D. on the seed-bearing wet basis matter of sowing of step C; Cover wet pearlite interstitial substance, the thickness that control covers wet basis matter is 0.6cm, is placed on the seedbed in the greenhouse; And above the seedbed, establishing the rate of shading and be 85% sunshade net shades; Pass through matrix with the clear water spray, and it is moistening to remain matrix, cultivates seed to emerging;
E. by the seedling water spray of routine to step D, by bactericide of routine spray in per 4 days, and bactericide is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl or agricultural streptomycin; Spray a kind of each time; Alternately spray, after the week of emerging, it is drenched to spray mass concentration and be 0.08% commercial nutrient solution to matrix; Per afterwards nutrient solution to matrix that sprayed an equal in quality concentration in 6 days drenches, and grows 4~6 true leaves until seedling;
F. in sprigging to the following wet nutrition soil with step e: give birth to the Hong Tu ︰ Zhen Zhu Yan ︰ peat composed of rotten mosses=1 ︰, 1 ︰, 1 volume ratio; Water permeablely, and to use the rate of shading be that 85% sunshade net shades, one week the back remove the sunshade net; Growing period sprays bactericide by routine one time to seedling weekly; Bactericide is tpn, carbendazim, thiophanate methyl and mancozeb, sprays a kind ofly at every turn, is used alternatingly and sprays; The back of become living waters weekly by routine that to execute mass concentration be that 0.2% commercial nutrient solution to nutrition soil is drenched, and growing promptly obtains the seedling of sequoia sempervirens after 80~100 days.
The different sowing medias of table 1 are to the influence of damping off in seedling stage