CN102272260B - 传热流体及其所用的腐蚀抑制剂制剂 - Google Patents
传热流体及其所用的腐蚀抑制剂制剂 Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN102272260B CN102272260B CN200980154057.4A CN200980154057A CN102272260B CN 102272260 B CN102272260 B CN 102272260B CN 200980154057 A CN200980154057 A CN 200980154057A CN 102272260 B CN102272260 B CN 102272260B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- heat
- transfer fluid
- magnesium
- weight
- acid
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 239000013529 heat transfer fluid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 91
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 37
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 13
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 32
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 title description 2
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000002681 magnesium compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- ZJAOAACCNHFJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphonoformic acid Chemical class OC(=O)P(O)(O)=O ZJAOAACCNHFJAH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- MEUIIHOXOWVKNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N phosphanylformic acid Chemical class OC(P)=O MEUIIHOXOWVKNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 150000003851 azoles Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 229910052816 inorganic phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 150000007933 aliphatic carboxylic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 239000008367 deionised water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910021641 deionized water Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- -1 aliphatic carboxylate Chemical class 0.000 claims description 46
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims description 19
- 125000004390 alkyl sulfonyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 18
- 125000001476 phosphono group Chemical group [H]OP(*)(=O)O[H] 0.000 claims description 18
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 14
- 229940091250 magnesium supplement Drugs 0.000 claims description 14
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 claims description 12
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium ion Chemical compound [Mg+2] JLVVSXFLKOJNIY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- LOGBRYZYTBQBTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N butane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O LOGBRYZYTBQBTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910001425 magnesium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O Ammonium Chemical compound [NH4+] QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-O 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M Nitrite anion Chemical compound [O-]N=O IOVCWXUNBOPUCH-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 125000002769 thiazolinyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910001413 alkali metal ion Chemical group 0.000 claims description 5
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 claims description 5
- CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L Magnesium sulfate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][S+2]([O-])([O-])[O-] CSNNHWWHGAXBCP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 4
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims description 4
- 159000000003 magnesium salts Chemical class 0.000 claims description 4
- NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium ion Chemical compound [K+] NPYPAHLBTDXSSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sodium cation Chemical compound [Na+] FKNQFGJONOIPTF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000058 polyacrylate Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920001444 polymaleic acid Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001414 potassium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002455 scale inhibitor Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910001415 sodium ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920003169 water-soluble polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- PMZAWTGWYWKJEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyacetic acid;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].OCC(O)=O PMZAWTGWYWKJEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- SLSSJIXQBCBABG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxybutanedioic acid;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].OC(=O)C(O)CC(O)=O SLSSJIXQBCBABG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-LLEIAEIESA-N D-glucaric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)=O DSLZVSRJTYRBFB-LLEIAEIESA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 2
- 241000532030 Menesia Species 0.000 claims description 2
- UVNKIYPMUDFRGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Mg].C(CC)(=O)O Chemical compound [Mg].C(CC)(=O)O UVNKIYPMUDFRGV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LZNBFGXYVFUAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N butanedioic acid;magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].OC(=O)CCC(O)=O LZNBFGXYVFUAQM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- FATUQANACHZLRT-KMRXSBRUSA-L calcium glucoheptonate Chemical compound [Ca+2].OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)C([O-])=O.OC[C@@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C(O)C([O-])=O FATUQANACHZLRT-KMRXSBRUSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000001261 hydroxy acids Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000001055 magnesium Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium acetate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UEGPKNKPLBYCNK-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011654 magnesium acetate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000011285 magnesium acetate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940069446 magnesium acetate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960005336 magnesium citrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004337 magnesium citrate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000002538 magnesium citrate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- OVGXLJDWSLQDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium lactate Chemical compound [Mg+2].CC(O)C([O-])=O.CC(O)C([O-])=O OVGXLJDWSLQDRT-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000626 magnesium lactate Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000015229 magnesium lactate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229960004658 magnesium lactate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- UHNWOJJPXCYKCG-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium oxalate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O UHNWOJJPXCYKCG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052943 magnesium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019341 magnesium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940095060 magnesium tartrate Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- MUZDLCBWNVUYIR-ZVGUSBNCSA-L magnesium;(2r,3r)-2,3-dihydroxybutanedioate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)C([O-])=O MUZDLCBWNVUYIR-ZVGUSBNCSA-L 0.000 claims description 2
- VNEKNWMVGNBSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;propanedioic acid Chemical compound [Mg].OC(=O)CC(O)=O VNEKNWMVGNBSNS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H trimagnesium dicitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O.[O-]C(=O)CC(O)(CC([O-])=O)C([O-])=O PLSARIKBYIPYPF-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000003115 biocidal effect Effects 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003139 biocide Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 235000010755 mineral Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 43
- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 description 40
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 36
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 22
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 19
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 17
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 16
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 14
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 14
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 13
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 13
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 10
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 10
- CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N sebacic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O CXMXRPHRNRROMY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 229920003171 Poly (ethylene oxide) Polymers 0.000 description 9
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 8
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 8
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 7
- CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-methyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CC1=CC=CC2=NNN=C12 CMGDVUCDZOBDNL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene oxide Chemical compound CC1CO1 GOOHAUXETOMSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 description 6
- XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CO1 XPFVYQJUAUNWIW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 7,7-dimethyloctanoic acid Chemical compound CC(C)(C)CCCCCC(O)=O YPIFGDQKSSMYHQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000002585 base Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N hydroxyacetaldehyde Natural products OCC=O WGCNASOHLSPBMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3-benzothiazole-2-thiol Chemical compound C1=CC=C2SC(S)=NC2=C1 YXIWHUQXZSMYRE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KMDMOMDSEVTJTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonobutanedioic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(C(O)=O)P(O)(O)=O KMDMOMDSEVTJTI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N D-glucitol Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000004593 Epoxy Substances 0.000 description 4
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N Sorbitan monopalmitate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O IYFATESGLOUGBX-YVNJGZBMSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N Sorbitan trioleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000004320 controlled atmosphere Methods 0.000 description 4
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 description 4
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229920001515 polyalkylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229920001451 polypropylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229920001897 terpolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 4
- JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N (2r,3r,4s)-2-[(1r)-1,2-dihydroxyethyl]oxolane-3,4-diol Chemical compound OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O JNYAEWCLZODPBN-JGWLITMVSA-N 0.000 description 3
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N Sorbitan monostearate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O HVUMOYIDDBPOLL-XWVZOOPGSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000012964 benzotriazole Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004205 dimethyl polysiloxane Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013870 dimethyl polysiloxane Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- CASPZMCSNJZQMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane;2-methyloxirane Chemical compound CC.CC1CO1 CASPZMCSNJZQMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002386 leaching Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229920000435 poly(dimethylsiloxane) Polymers 0.000 description 3
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 3
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M (2r)-2-ethylhexanoate Chemical compound CCCC[C@@H](CC)C([O-])=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-SSDOTTSWSA-M 0.000 description 2
- CUNWUEBNSZSNRX-RKGWDQTMSA-N (2r,3r,4r,5s)-hexane-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexol;(z)-octadec-9-enoic acid Chemical compound OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.OC[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@H](O)CO.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O.CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O CUNWUEBNSZSNRX-RKGWDQTMSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 5-methyl-1H-benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=C(C)C=CC2=NNN=C21 LRUDIIUSNGCQKF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetone Chemical compound CC(C)=O CSCPPACGZOOCGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N D-Glucitol Natural products OC[C@H](O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@H](O)CO FBPFZTCFMRRESA-FSIIMWSLSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Diethyl ether Chemical compound CCOCC RTZKZFJDLAIYFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920002176 Pluracol® Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920002565 Polyethylene Glycol 400 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001213 Polysorbate 20 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920001214 Polysorbate 60 Polymers 0.000 description 2
- WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium chloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[K+] WCUXLLCKKVVCTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- 229910021607 Silver chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N Sorbitan monooleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O NWGKJDSIEKMTRX-AAZCQSIUSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004147 Sorbitan trioleate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000021355 Stearic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N [(2r)-2-[(2r,3r,4s)-3,4-dihydroxyoxolan-2-yl]-2-hydroxyethyl] dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](O)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1O LWZFANDGMFTDAV-BURFUSLBSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000013543 active substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N alpha-ethylcaproic acid Natural products CCCCC(CC)C(O)=O OBETXYAYXDNJHR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzoic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 WPYMKLBDIGXBTP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N benzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CC=C2N[N][N]C2=C1 QRUDEWIWKLJBPS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000975 dye Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007046 ethoxylation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000019439 ethyl acetate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N furfural Chemical compound O=CC1=CC=CO1 HYBBIBNJHNGZAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N imidazole Natural products C1=CNC=N1 RAXXELZNTBOGNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002460 imidazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 150000002632 lipids Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 2
- YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium nitrate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O YIXJRHPUWRPCBB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- MFUVDXOKPBAHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;dinitrate;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.[Mg+2].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O MFUVDXOKPBAHMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N molybdate Chemical compound [O-][Mo]([O-])(=O)=O MEFBJEMVZONFCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QIQXTHQIDYTFRH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N octadecanoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC(C)CCCCCCCCC(O)=O OQCDKBAXFALNLD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N pentaethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCOCCOCCO JLFNLZLINWHATN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical compound [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229920001983 poloxamer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000570 polyether Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000001103 potassium chloride Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011164 potassium chloride Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCCCO YPFDHNVEDLHUCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960004063 propylene glycol Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver monochloride Chemical compound [Cl-].[Ag+] HKZLPVFGJNLROG-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 2
- VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium nitrate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-][N+]([O-])=O VWDWKYIASSYTQR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005476 soldering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000001587 sorbitan monostearate Substances 0.000 description 2
- 235000011076 sorbitan monostearate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229940035048 sorbitan monostearate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000019337 sorbitan trioleate Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 229960000391 sorbitan trioleate Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000000600 sorbitol Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000008117 stearic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 125000003831 tetrazolyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N triacontan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO REZQBEBOWJAQKS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium phosphate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O RYFMWSXOAZQYPI-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 2
- PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N (+/-)-1,3-Butanediol Chemical compound CC(O)CCO PUPZLCDOIYMWBV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,2,6-Hexanetriol Chemical compound OCCCCC(O)CO ZWVMLYRJXORSEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPIRBHDGWMWJEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-hydroxy-7-azabenzotriazole Chemical compound C1=CN=C2N(O)N=NC2=C1 FPIRBHDGWMWJEP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-benzimidazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2NC=NC2=C1 HYZJCKYKOHLVJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1H-indazole Chemical class C1=CC=C2C=NNC2=C1 BAXOFTOLAUCFNW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,4-D Chemical compound OC(=O)COC1=CC=C(Cl)C=C1Cl OVSKIKFHRZPJSS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-METHOXYETHANOL Chemical compound COCCO XNWFRZJHXBZDAG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VLHWNGXLXZPNOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[4-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-3-(2-morpholin-4-ylethyl)pyrazol-1-yl]-1-(2,4,6,7-tetrahydrotriazolo[4,5-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C=1C(=NN(C=1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=N2)CCN1CCOCC1 VLHWNGXLXZPNOO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- AWFYPPSBLUWMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[5-[2-(2,3-dihydro-1H-inden-2-ylamino)pyrimidin-5-yl]-1,3,4-oxadiazol-2-yl]-1-(1,4,6,7-tetrahydropyrazolo[4,3-c]pyridin-5-yl)ethanone Chemical compound C1C(CC2=CC=CC=C12)NC1=NC=C(C=N1)C1=NN=C(O1)CC(=O)N1CC2=C(CC1)NN=C2 AWFYPPSBLUWMFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-amino-2-methylpropane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(N)(C)CO UXFQFBNBSPQBJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CTXGTHVAWRBISV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl dodecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO CTXGTHVAWRBISV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl octadecanoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCC(=O)OCCO RFVNOJDQRGSOEL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UUPZYGOIJITHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyloxirane;oxirane Chemical compound C1CO1.CC1CO1.CC1CO1 UUPZYGOIJITHQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- SZHQPBJEOCHCKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phosphonobutane-1,2,4-tricarboxylic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CCC(P(O)(O)=O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O SZHQPBJEOCHCKM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 3-prop-2-enoxyprop-1-ene Chemical compound C=CCOCC=C ATVJXMYDOSMEPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- IPIVUPVIFPKFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-butyl-2h-benzotriazole Chemical compound CCCCC1=CC=CC2=C1N=NN2 IPIVUPVIFPKFTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZEYHEAKUIGZSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 4-methoxybenzoate Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C([O-])=O)C=C1 ZEYHEAKUIGZSGI-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-chloro-2-n,2-n-diethylpyrimidine-2,4-diamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)C1=NC(N)=CC(Cl)=N1 XZIIFPSPUDAGJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acrylamide Chemical compound NC(=O)C=C HRPVXLWXLXDGHG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Borate Chemical compound [O-]B([O-])[O-] BTBUEUYNUDRHOZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001369 Brass Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BIDKXUQGQVGBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N C(CCCCCC(C)(C)C)(=O)O.O.O.O.O.[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] Chemical compound C(CCCCCC(C)(C)C)(=O)O.O.O.O.O.[N+](=O)([O-])[O-].[Ca+2].[N+](=O)([O-])[O-] BIDKXUQGQVGBFK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chlorine atom Chemical compound [Cl] ZAMOUSCENKQFHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M Ilexoside XXIX Chemical compound C[C@@H]1CC[C@@]2(CC[C@@]3(C(=CC[C@H]4[C@]3(CC[C@@H]5[C@@]4(CC[C@@H](C5(C)C)OS(=O)(=O)[O-])C)C)[C@@H]2[C@]1(C)O)C)C(=O)O[C@H]6[C@@H]([C@H]([C@@H]([C@H](O6)CO)O)O)O.[Na+] DGAQECJNVWCQMB-PUAWFVPOSA-M 0.000 description 1
- OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Malonic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)=O OFOBLEOULBTSOW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Metaphosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(=O)=O UEZVMMHDMIWARA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N N-Butanol Chemical class CCCCO LRHPLDYGYMQRHN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910019142 PO4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 244000137852 Petrea volubilis Species 0.000 description 1
- 229920002582 Polyethylene Glycol 600 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004721 Polyphenylene oxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920002125 Sokalan® Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Thiazole Chemical compound C1=CSC=N1 FZWLAAWBMGSTSO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Trimethylolpropane Chemical compound CCC(CO)(CO)CO ZJCCRDAZUWHFQH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001089 [(2R)-oxolan-2-yl]methanol Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000008065 acid anhydrides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006322 acrylamide copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000001266 acyl halides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052783 alkali metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003545 alkoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000001408 amides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000002528 anti-freeze Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000013871 bee wax Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000012166 beeswax Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920001400 block copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000010951 brass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001273 butane Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 150000001733 carboxylic acid esters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000002091 cationic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000460 chlorine Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052801 chlorine Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002788 crimping Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013530 defoamer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007850 degeneration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001990 dicarboxylic acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000005690 diesters Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dipropylene glycol Chemical compound OCCCOCCCO SZXQTJUDPRGNJN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AEDZKIACDBYJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethane-1,2-diol;hydrate Chemical compound O.OCCO AEDZKIACDBYJLQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002191 fatty alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000659 freezing mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019580 granularity Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N heptanoic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCC(O)=O MNWFXJYAOYHMED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001519 homopolymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000002209 hydrophobic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000002473 indoazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000009616 inductively coupled plasma Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002354 inductively-coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004255 ion exchange chromatography Methods 0.000 description 1
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003350 kerosene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940070765 laurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 239000000314 lubricant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005461 lubrication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001427 mPEG Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229950007687 macrogol ester Drugs 0.000 description 1
- UPXYJUPSYMBDCO-UHFFFAOYSA-L magnesium;diacetate;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Mg+2].CC([O-])=O.CC([O-])=O UPXYJUPSYMBDCO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 1
- FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N maleic anhydride Chemical compound O=C1OC(=O)C=C1 FPYJFEHAWHCUMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 1
- VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L molybdic acid Chemical compound O[Mo](O)(=O)=O VLAPMBHFAWRUQP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 239000010705 motor oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-butane Chemical compound CCCC IJDNQMDRQITEOD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N n-pentane Natural products CCCCC OFBQJSOFQDEBGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002825 nitriles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- ILUJQPXNXACGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ortho-methoxybenzoic acid Natural products COC1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O ILUJQPXNXACGAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000006174 pH buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000005022 packaging material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002304 perfume Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003013 phosphoric acid derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001495 poly(sodium acrylate) polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920002401 polyacrylamide Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004584 polyacrylic acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920005646 polycarboxylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920001223 polyethylene glycol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920000193 polymethacrylate Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 229920005862 polyol Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 150000003077 polyols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000256 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000010486 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monolaurate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010482 polyoxyethylene sorbitan monooleate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000053 polysorbate 80 Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012827 research and development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052708 sodium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H sodium hexametaphosphate Chemical compound [Na]OP1(=O)OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])OP(=O)(O[Na])O1 GCLGEJMYGQKIIW-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 description 1
- 235000019982 sodium hexametaphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000010344 sodium nitrate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004317 sodium nitrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001488 sodium phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium polyacrylate Chemical compound [Na+].[O-]C(=O)C=C NNMHYFLPFNGQFZ-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 235000019830 sodium polyphosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 159000000000 sodium salts Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- RCIJACVHOIKRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;1,4-dioctoxy-1,4-dioxobutane-2-sulfonic acid Chemical compound [Na+].CCCCCCCCOC(=O)CC(S(O)(=O)=O)C(=O)OCCCCCCCC RCIJACVHOIKRAP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium;hydrate Chemical compound O.[Na] NASFKTWZWDYFER-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940035044 sorbitan monolaurate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000011067 sorbitan monolaureate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000007858 starting material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003784 tall oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012085 test solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920006029 tetra-polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1CCCO1 BSYVTEYKTMYBMK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 239000001577 tetrasodium phosphonato phosphate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003557 thiazoles Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N triethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCOCCO ZIBGPFATKBEMQZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000013638 trimer Substances 0.000 description 1
- LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K tripotassium phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O LWIHDJKSTIGBAC-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910000406 trisodium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000019801 trisodium phosphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000003828 vacuum filtration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001993 wax Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/02—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used
- C09K5/06—Materials undergoing a change of physical state when used the change of state being from liquid to solid or vice versa
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C09—DYES; PAINTS; POLISHES; NATURAL RESINS; ADHESIVES; COMPOSITIONS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; APPLICATIONS OF MATERIALS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- C09K—MATERIALS FOR MISCELLANEOUS APPLICATIONS, NOT PROVIDED FOR ELSEWHERE
- C09K5/00—Heat-transfer, heat-exchange or heat-storage materials, e.g. refrigerants; Materials for the production of heat or cold by chemical reactions other than by combustion
- C09K5/20—Antifreeze additives therefor, e.g. for radiator liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F11/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent
- C23F11/08—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids
- C23F11/10—Inhibiting corrosion of metallic material by applying inhibitors to the surface in danger of corrosion or adding them to the corrosive agent in other liquids using organic inhibitors
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01P—COOLING OF MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; COOLING OF INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F01P3/00—Liquid cooling
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Preventing Corrosion Or Incrustation Of Metals (AREA)
- Mechanical Operated Clutches (AREA)
Abstract
本文中公开了传热流体,其包含:冰点降低剂;脂族羧酸、其盐或上述的组合;无机磷酸盐;镁化合物;去离子水;和选自唑化合物、铜合金腐蚀抑制剂、膦酰基羧酸盐、膦基羧酸盐和两种或更多种前述组分的组合的组分。还描述了包含该传热流体的传热系统。
Description
对相关申请的交叉引用
本申请要求2008年11月7日提交的美国临时专利申请No.61/112,367的权益,其全文经此引用并入本文。
背景
现代车辆发动机通常需要传热流体(液体冷却剂)提供它们的冷却系统的长期全年保护。传热流体的主要要求在于,它们提供有效传热以控制和维持有效燃料经济性和润滑所需的发动机温度并防止由冻结、沸溢或过热引起的发动机故障。传热流体的另一关键要求在于,其在宽的温度和运行条件范围内提供所有冷却系统金属的防腐蚀保护。除金属保护外,防腐蚀保护有助于传热流体实现其将过量的热从发动机传输至散热器以便耗散的主要功能。
典型的现代汽车冷却系统含有各种部件以实现其设计功能。特别地,汽车冷却系统可含有下列部件:发动机、散热器、冷却液泵、风扇、加热器芯、加热器管、加热器控制阀、恒温器、散热器管和溢流储器。可能包括其它部件,如一些柴油动力或高性能车辆中的传动油冷却器和/或发动机油冷却器,气电混合动力车中的热沉和含有涡轮增压发动机的一些车辆中的中间冷却器。常使用不同类型的金属制造冷却系统部件的各种零件。例如,铸铁和铸铝合金可用于汽缸体、汽缸盖、进气歧管、冷却剂泵和电力电子器件外壳。锻铝和铜合金可用于散热器和加热器芯。焊剂可用于接合黄铜或铜散热器或加热器芯的部件。钢常用于汽缸盖密封垫和用于小部件,如防冻塞、冷却剂泵外壳和冷却剂泵叶轮。在恒温器中常使用铜合金。
在发动机冷却系统中会遇到许多类型的问题,包括腐蚀。汽车冷却系统中常见的与腐蚀相关的问题包括(1)汽缸盖和汽缸体的空蚀和生锈;(2)密封泄漏、波纹管密封失效和水泵中的空蚀;(3)散热器和加热器芯中的焊剂起霜、结垢和沉积物形成、和点蚀;(4)恒温器粘着;和(5)管颈处的裂隙腐蚀。此外,在冷却系统中的敏感位置和条件下会发生侵蚀性腐蚀、电解腐蚀、沉积物下方腐蚀和杂散电流腐蚀。
为确保长工作寿命和实现其设计功能,必须用传热流体保护汽车冷却系统中所用的金属部件免受腐蚀。此外,该传热流体应与冷却系统中所用的非金属(如软管、垫圈和塑料)相容。冷却系统中所用的金属的过度腐蚀或降解会造成材料或部件的强度的显著降低、传热流体从该系统损失、和一个或多个冷却系统部件的后继故障。所有这些事件都可能造成发动机故障。此外,应该指出,即使相对温和的腐蚀也会导致形成可以在传热表面上形成水垢或沉积物的腐蚀产物。这些水垢或沉积物会极大降低传热速率。过度水垢或腐蚀产物沉积还会限制散热器和加热器芯管中的传热流体流速,甚至堵塞加热器芯和/或散热器。传热流体的显著传热速率降低和流速限制会导致发动机过热。
除为冷却系统中的各种金属部件提供可靠的防腐蚀保护外,传热流体还应具有下列性质以达到其用作车辆的全年功能流体的要求:高热导率、高热容或高比热、在使用温度范围内的良好流动性、高沸点、低冻结点、低粘度、低毒性和使用安全性、成本有效和具有充足供应量、在使用温度和条件内化学稳定、低发泡趋势、良好的材料相容性,即不腐蚀、侵蚀或降解系统材料,包括金属和非金属材料。
为满足消费者对更大动力、舒适性和安全性的要求,和为了符合较低燃料消耗和降低的废气排放的需要,正不断开发新型车辆技术。大量的努力投入于研究开发新的更环保的推进技术,如燃料电池和石油-混合电力,以及新材料技术、新成本有效的制造技术,和研究新方法以增加较轻的金属和/或材料的使用。常常要求新的传热流体技术满足新冷却系统的需要或改进传热流体性能,如改进的防腐蚀保护。
需要改进金属的冷却剂防腐蚀保护以增强防腐蚀性,从而符合新冷却系统的需要。特别地,需要不断改进用在含有通过受控气氛钎焊(CAB)法制成的热交换器的冷却系统中的传热流体的防腐蚀性能,和在高温下的防腐蚀保护。
概述
令人惊讶地,我们已经发现,如果传热流体的防腐蚀性能越好,该传热流体在极长期使用后的抗热降解性(传热流体稳定性)往往更好。因此,需要提供汽车冷却系统中的所有金属和金属部件的改进的防腐蚀保护的传热流体。
包含下列成分的传热流体至少部分满足该需求:
冰点降低剂;
脂族羧酸、其盐、或前述的组合;
无机磷酸盐;
镁化合物;
去离子水;和
选自唑化合物、铜合金腐蚀抑制剂、膦酰基羧酸盐、膦基羧酸盐和两种或更多种前述组分的组合的组分。
本文中还描述了包含如本文所述的传热流体和传热装置的传热系统。
附图简述
图1是实施例5和6和对比例12和14的极化曲线。
图2是实施例7、8和对比例12的极化曲线。
详述
本文中公开了提供冷却系统中使用的金属的改进的防腐蚀保护、防冻和沸溢保护以及具有符合ASTMD3306要求的低发泡趋势的传热流体组合物。特别地,改进含有通过受控气氛钎焊法制成的热交换器的冷却系统中的金属和金属部件的防腐蚀保护和在高温下的防腐蚀保护。
该传热流体包含一元和/或二元脂族羧酸或其盐,无机磷酸盐,镁化合物和选自唑化合物、铜合金腐蚀抑制剂、膦酰基羧酸盐、膦基羧酸盐和两种或更多种前述组分的组合的组分的独特组合。该传热流体可进一步包含任选组分,如聚合物分散剂、阻垢剂、附加腐蚀抑制剂等。该传热流体可包含小于或等于100ppm的硝酸根离子,或更具体地,小于或等于80ppm的硝酸根离子,或再更具体地,小于或等于40ppm的硝酸根离子。
该传热流体可不含亚硝酸盐、铵离子和氨。该传热流体可不含2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸或其盐。该传热流体可不含铵离子、氨、2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸及其盐。该传热流体可包含小于或等于80ppm的硝酸盐、小于或等于0.03重量%的2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸及其盐并可不含铵离子和氨。该传热流体可包含小于或等于40ppm的硝酸盐和不含亚硝酸盐、2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸及其盐、铵离子和氨。该传热流体可不含亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、氨、铵离子、2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸及其盐。
该冰点降低剂可以是醇或醇的混合物。示例性的醇包括一元或多元醇及其混合物。该醇可以选自甲醇、乙醇、丙醇、丁醇、糠醛、糠醇、四氢糠醇、乙氧基化糠醇、乙二醇、丙二醇、1,3-丙二醇、甘油、二乙二醇、三乙二醇、1,2–丙二醇、1,3–丙二醇、二丙二醇、丁二醇、甘油-1,2-二甲醚、甘油-1,3-二甲醚、甘油的单乙醚、山梨糖醇、1,2,6-己三醇、三羟甲基丙烷、烷氧基链烷醇,如甲氧基乙醇,和两种或更多种前述材料的组合。
该冰点降低剂可以以该传热流体总重量的大约10重量%(wt%)至大约99.9wt%的量存在。在此范围内,该冰点降低剂可以以大于或等于大约30重量%,或更具体地,大于或等于大约40重量%的量存在。也在此范围内,该冰点降低剂可以以小于或等于大约99.5重量%,或更具体地,小于或等于大约99重量%的量存在。
该脂族羧酸、其盐或前述材料的组合(在下文中称作脂族羧酸盐)具有6至15个碳原子。该脂族羧酸盐可包含单个或多个羧基并可以是直链或支链的。示例性的脂族羧酸盐包括2-乙基己酸、新癸酸和癸二酸。
该脂族羧酸盐可以以该传热流体总重量的大约0.05重量%至大约10重量%的量存在。在此范围内,该脂族羧酸盐可以以大于或等于大约0.1重量%,或更具体地,大于或等于大约0.2重量%的量存在。还在此范围内,该脂族羧酸盐可以以小于或等于大约7重量%,或更具体地,小于或等于大约5重量%的量存在。
该无机磷酸盐可以是磷酸、正磷酸钠、正磷酸钾、焦磷酸钠、焦磷酸钾、聚磷酸钠、聚磷酸钾、六偏磷酸钠、六偏磷酸钾、或两种或更多种前述磷酸盐的组合。
该无机磷酸盐可以以该传热流体总重量的大约0.002重量%至大约5重量%的量存在。在此范围内,该无机磷酸盐可以以大于或等于大约0.005重量%,或更具体地,大于或等于大约0.010重量%的量存在。还在此范围内,该无机磷酸盐可以以小于或等于大约3重量%,或更具体地,小于或等于大约1重量%的量存在。
镁化合物是在室温下在含水溶液中溶解时产生镁离子的化合物。该镁化合物可以是无机镁化合物,如硝酸镁、硫酸镁或其组合。该镁化合物可溶于传热流体。本文所用的可溶是指溶解以致肉眼不可见任何颗粒物。该镁化合物还可以是在镁离子与含有一个或多个羧酸基团的有机酸之间形成的镁盐,如聚丙烯酸镁、聚马来酸镁、乳酸镁、柠檬酸镁、酒石酸镁、葡萄糖酸镁、葡庚糖酸镁、羟乙酸镁、葡萄糖二酸镁、丁二酸镁、羟基丁二酸镁、己二酸镁、草酸镁、丙二酸镁、氨基磺酸镁、甲酸镁、乙酸镁、丙酸镁、脂族三羧酸或脂族四羧酸的镁盐,和前述镁化合物的组合。
该镁化合物的存在量可以使得该传热流体具有占该传热流体的按重量计百万分之0.5至100份(ppm)的镁离子浓度。在此范围内,镁离子浓度可以大于或等于大约1ppm,或更具体地,大于或等于大约2ppm。还在此范围内,镁离子浓度可以小于或等于大约50ppm,或更具体地,小于或等于大约30ppm。
该传热流体进一步包含选自唑化合物、铜合金腐蚀抑制剂、膦酰基羧酸盐、膦基羧酸盐和两种或更多种前述组分的组合的组分。
示例性唑化合物包括苯并三唑、甲苯基三唑、甲基苯并三唑(例如4-甲基苯并三唑和5-甲基苯并三唑)、丁基苯并三唑和其它烷基苯并三唑(例如该烷基含有2至20个碳原子)、巯基苯并噻唑、噻唑和其它取代噻唑、咪唑、苯并咪唑和其它取代咪唑、吲唑和取代吲唑、四唑和取代四唑。也可以使用两种或更多种前述唑的组合。
该唑化合物可以以该传热流体总重量的大约0.01重量%至大约4重量%的量使用。在此范围内,该唑化合物可以以大于或等于大约0.05重量%,或更具体地,大于或等于大约0.1重量%的量存在。还在此范围内,该唑化合物可以以小于或等于大约2重量%,或更具体地,小于或等于大约1重量%的量存在。
膦酰基羧酸盐是具有下列通式的膦酸化化合物
H[CHRCHR]n-PO3M2
其中各单元中的至少一个R基团是COOM、CH2OH、磺酰基或膦酰基,可以与第一R基团相同或不同的另一R基团是氢或COOM、羟基、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合(硫酸根合)、C1-7烷基、C1-7烯基或羧酸根、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合和/或羟基取代的C1-7烷基或C1-7烯基,n是1或大于1的整数,且各M是氢或碱金属离子,如钠离子、钾离子等。此外,在R基团之一中存在至少一个COOM基团。该膦酰基羧酸盐优选是式H[CH(COOM)CH(COOM)]n-PO3M2的马来酸的膦酸化低聚物或膦酸化低聚物的混合物,其中n是1或大于1的整数,且M是阳离子物类(例如碱金属阳离子)以使该化合物是水溶性的。示例性的膦酰基羧酸盐包括膦酰基琥珀酸、1-膦酰基-1,2,3,4-四羧基丁烷和1-膦酰基-1,2,3,4,5,6-六羧基己烷。该膦酰基羧酸盐可以是具有“n”值不同的前式的化合物的混合物。“n”的平均值可以为1至2,或更具体地,1.3至1.5。膦酰基羧酸盐的合成是已知的并描述在美国专利No.5,606,105中。
该膦酰基羧酸盐可以以该传热流体总重量的大约0.5ppm至大约0.15重量%的量使用。在此范围内,该膦酰基羧酸盐可以以大于或等于大约2ppm,或更具体地,大于或等于大约5ppm的量存在。还在此范围内,该膦酰基羧酸盐可以以小于或等于大约0.05重量%,或更具体地,小于或等于大约0.02重量%的量存在。
膦基羧酸盐是具有下列通式的化合物
H[CHR1CHR1]n-P(O2M)-[CHR2CHR2]mH
其中各单元中的至少一个R1基团是COOM、CH2OH、磺酰基或膦酰基,可以与第一R1基团相同或不同的另一R1基团是氢或COOM、羟基、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合、C1-7烷基、C1-7烯基或羧酸根、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合和/或羟基取代的C1-7烷基或C1-7烯基,n是等于或大于1的整数,且各M是氢或碱金属离子,如钠离子、钾离子等。类似地,各单元中的至少一个R2基团是COOM、CH2OH、磺酰基或膦酰基,可以与第一R2基团相同或不同的另一R2基团是氢或COOM、羟基、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合、C1-7烷基、C1-7烯基或羧酸根、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合和/或羟基取代的C1-7烷基或C1-7烯基,m是等于或大于0的整数。此外,在R1和R2基团之一中存在至少一个COOM基团。示例性的膦基羧酸盐包括如美国专利Nos.6,572,789和No.5,018,577中所述的磷酸亚基琥珀酸和水溶性盐、磷酸亚基双(琥珀酸)和水溶性盐和磷酸亚基琥珀酸低聚物和盐。该膦酰基羧酸盐可以是具有“n”和“m”值不同的前式的化合物的混合物。
该膦基羧酸盐可以以该传热流体总重量的大约0.5ppm至大约0.2重量%的量使用。在此范围内,该膦基羧酸盐可以以大于或等于大约3ppm,或更具体地,大于或等于大约10ppm的量存在。还在此范围内,该膦基羧酸盐可以以小于或等于大约0.1重量%,或更具体地,小于或等于大约0.05重量%的量存在。
该传热流体另外包含水。适用的水包括去离子水或软化水。该水可以以该传热流体总重量的大约0.1重量%至大约90重量%的量使用。在此范围内,水可以以大于或等于0.5重量%,或更具体地,大于或等于1重量%的量存在。还在此范围内,水可以以小于或等于70重量%,或更具体地,小于或等于60重量%的量存在。
该传热流体可任选包含一种或多种水溶性聚合物(MW:200至200,000道尔顿),如聚羧酸酯,例如聚丙烯酸或聚丙烯酸酯、丙烯酸酯基聚合物、共聚物、三元共聚物和四元共聚物,如丙烯酸酯/丙烯酰胺共聚物,聚甲基丙烯酸酯、聚马来酸或马来酸酐聚合物、马来酸基聚合物、它们的共聚物和三元共聚物、改性丙烯酰胺基聚合物,包括聚丙烯酰胺、丙烯酰胺基共聚物和三元共聚物;通常,适用的水溶性聚合物包括具有(1)至少一个含有C3至C16单烯键式不饱和单-或二羧酸或其盐的单体单元;或(2)至少一个含有C3至C16单烯键式不饱和单-或二羧酸衍生物,如酰胺、腈、羧酸酯、酰基卤(例如氯)和酸酐及其组合的单体单元的均聚物、共聚物、三元共聚物和互聚物。
该传热流体可任选包含防沫剂或消泡剂、分散剂、阻垢剂、表面活性剂、着色剂和其它冷却剂添加剂中的一种或多种。
示例性的表面活性剂包括脂肪酸酯,如脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯、聚亚烷基二醇、聚亚烷基二醇酯、环氧乙烷(EO)和环氧丙烷(PO)的共聚物、脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯的聚氧化烯衍生物,及其混合物。该非离子型表面活性剂的平均分子量可以为大约55至大约300,000,或更具体地,大约110至大约10,000。合适的脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯包括脱水山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯(例如,以商品名Span?20、Arlacel?20、S-MAZ?20M1出售)、脱水山梨糖醇单棕榈酸酯(例如,Span?40或Arlacel?40)、脱水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯(例如,Span?60、Arlacel?60或S-MAZ?60K)、脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯(例如,Span?80或Arlacel?80)、脱水山梨糖醇单倍半油酸酯(例如,Span?83或Arlacel?83)、脱水山梨糖醇三油酸酯(例如,Span?85或Arlacel?85)、脱水山梨糖醇三硬脂酸(tridtearate)(例如,S-MAZ?65K)、脱水山梨糖醇单树脂酸酯(例如,S-MAZ?90)。合适的聚亚烷基二醇包括聚乙二醇、聚丙二醇及其混合物。适用的聚乙二醇的实例包括来自DowChemicalCompany的CARBOWAXTM聚乙二醇和甲氧基聚乙二醇(例如,CARBOWAXPEG200、300、400、600、900、1000、1450、3350、4000&8000等)或来自BASFCorp.的PLURACOL?聚乙二醇(例如,Pluracol?E200、300、400、600、1000、2000、3350、4000、6000和8000等)。合适的聚亚烷基二醇酯包括各种脂肪酸的单酯和二酯,如来自BASF的MAPEG?聚乙二醇酯(例如,MAPEG?200ML或PEG200单月桂酸酯、MAPEG?400DO或PEG400二油酸酯、MAPEG?400MO或PEG400单油酸酯和MAPEG?600DO或PEG600二油酸酯等)。合适的环氧乙烷(EO)和环氧丙烷(PO)的共聚物包括各种来自BASF的Pluronic和PluronicR嵌段共聚物表面活性剂、DOWFAX非离子型表面活性剂、来自DOWChemical的UCONTM流体和SYNALOX润滑剂。合适的脱水山梨糖醇脂肪酸酯的聚氧化烯衍生物包括聚氧乙烯20脱水山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯(例如,以商标TWEEN20或T-MAZ20出售的产品)、聚氧乙烯4脱水山梨糖醇单月桂酸酯(例如,TWEEN21)、聚氧乙烯20脱水山梨糖醇单棕榈酸酯(例如,TWEEN40)、聚氧乙烯20脱水山梨糖醇单硬脂酸酯(例如,TWEEN60或T-MAZ60K)、聚氧乙烯20脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯(例如,TWEEN80或T-MAZ80)、聚氧乙烯20三硬脂酸酯(例如,TWEEN65或T-MAZ65K)、聚氧乙烯5脱水山梨糖醇单油酸酯(例如,TWEEN81或T-MAZ81)、聚氧乙烯20脱水山梨糖醇三油酸酯(例如TWEEN85或T-MAZ85K)等。
示例性防沫剂包括聚二甲基硅氧烷乳液基防沫剂。它们包括来自PerformanceChemicals,LLCinBoscawen,NH的PC-5450NF;来自CNCInternationalinWoonsocketinRI的CNC防沫剂XD-55NF和XD-56。适用于本发明的其它防沫剂包括环氧乙烷(EO)和环氧丙烷(PO)的共聚物,如来自BASF的PluronicL-61。
通常,该任选防沫剂可包含有机硅,例如,SAG10或可获自OSISpecialties,DowCorning或其它供应商的类似产品;环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷(EO-PO)嵌段共聚物和环氧丙烷-环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷(PO-EP-PO)嵌段共聚物(例如,PluronicL61、PluronicL81或其它Pluronic和PluronicC产品);聚(环氧乙烷)或聚(环氧丙烷),例如PPG2000(即,平均分子量为2000的聚环氧丙烷);疏水无定形二氧化硅;聚二有机硅氧烷基产品(例如,含有聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)的产品,等);脂肪酸或脂肪酸酯(例如,硬脂酸等);脂肪醇、烷氧基化醇和聚乙二醇;聚醚多元醇乙酸酯、聚醚乙氧基化六油酸山梨糖醇酯(sorbitalhexaoleate)和聚(环氧乙烷-环氧丙烷)单烯丙基醚乙酸酯;蜡、石脑油、煤油和芳香油;和包含一种或多种前述防沫剂的组合。
该传热流体可含有有机和无机成分,包括(1)pH缓冲剂,如硼酸盐和苯甲酸盐和/或它们的组合,(2)硅酸盐和有机硅,主要用于铝合金和黑色金属防腐蚀保护,(3)其它腐蚀抑制剂,如钼酸盐。基于腐蚀抑制剂套装中硅酸盐的量,商业发动机冷却剂可以被分类为常规高硅酸盐基冷却剂(硅酸盐技术或SiT冷却剂)、有机酸基冷却剂(有机酸技术或OAT冷却剂)和低硅酸盐+有机酸混合冷却剂(混合有机酸技术或HOAT冷却剂)。
防腐蚀方法包括使如本文所述的传热流体与传热系统接触。该传热系统可包括通过受控气氛钎焊制成的部件。该传热系统可包含铝。
通过下列非限制性实施例进一步例示该传热流体。
实施例
使用表1中所示的材料制造实施例。
表1.
组分 | 描述 |
EG | 乙二醇 |
水 | |
NaOH | 50重量% NaOH水溶液 |
KOH | 45重量% KOH水溶液 |
H3PO4 | 75重量% H3PO4水溶液 |
癸二酸 | 癸二酸的钾盐 |
4-叔丁基苯甲酸 | 使用购自Sigma Aldrich, St Louis, MO 63178的原材料。 |
Bayhibit? AM | 50重量%2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸水溶液。Bayhibit? AM可购自Bayer AG, Germany |
Bricorr 288 | 28%活性(酸形式)的膦酰基琥珀酸、膦酰基琥珀酸二聚物和膦酰基琥珀酸三聚物。Bricorr 288可以以该酸的钠盐形式购自Rhodia Inc. (USA) |
Na-TT | 50重量%甲苯基三唑钠盐水溶液,其是大约60% 5-甲基苯并三唑和大约40% 4-甲基苯并三唑的混合物并可购自PMC Specialties Group, Inc., Cincinnati, OH 45217 |
NaNO3 | 45重量%硝酸钠水溶液 |
橙色液态10245染料 | 可购自Chromatech的着色剂 |
Chromatint Orange 175 | 可购自Chromatech的着色剂 |
PM 5150 | 聚丙二醇(平均分子量为大约2000)基防沫剂,可购自Prestone Product Corporation, CT 06810. |
Mg(NO3)2·6 H2O | 六水合硝酸镁 |
Ca(NO3)2·4 H2O | 四水合硝酸钙 |
新癸酸 | |
Tenax WS5520 | CAS Reg. No. = 154730-82-2, 马来酸化妥尔油脂肪酸酐、二乙二醇酯和它们的钠或钾盐的反应产物,可购自MeadWestvaco |
EPML-483 | US 6,143,243中所述的可聚合的酸接枝聚合物 |
2-EHA | 2-乙基己酸 |
钼酸盐 | 41.1%二水合钼酸钠水溶液 |
AR-940 | 聚丙烯酸钠溶液;MW=2600, 40%固体 |
实施例1和对比例1-5
根据ASTMD4340使用SAE319砂铸铝合金作为试样测试表2中所示的组合物。在一些情况下,修改ASTMD4340程序以如该表中所示使用50体积%冷却剂+50体积%去离子水作为试验溶液。表2中的量是基于该传热流体总重量的重量%。
表2.
组分 | 对比例1 | 对比例2 | 对比例3 | 对比例4 | 对比例5 | 实施例1 |
EG | 94.1172 | 94.0390 | 90.8019 | 93.6259 | 93.6542 | 93.6138 |
水 | 1.2454 | 1.2444 | 1.8749 | 1.2389 | 1.2393 | 1.2387 |
NaOH | 1.7868 | 1.8287 | 0.0690 | 2.0658 | 2.0735 | 2.0655 |
KOH | - | - | 2.6155 | - | - | - |
H3PO4 | - | - | - | 0.2486 | 0.2486 | 0.2485 |
癸二酸 | 2.0457 | 2.0420 | - | 2.0330 | 2.0337 | 2.0328 |
4-叔丁基苯甲酸 | - | - | 3.9842 | - | - | - |
Bayhibit? AM | - | 0.0799 | 0.0799 | - | - | - |
Bricorr 288 | 0.0375 | - | - | 0.0373 | - | 0.0373 |
Na-TT | 0.1993 | 0.1991 | 0.5625 | 0.1982 | - | 0.1982 |
NaNO3 | 0.4982 | 0.4978 | - | 0.4956 | 0.4957 | 0.4955 |
橙色液态10245染料 | 0.0503 | 0.0503 | - | 0.0501 | 0.0501 | 0.0500 |
PM 5150 | 0.0067 | 0.0067 | - | 0.0066 | 0.0066 | 0.0066 |
Mg(NO3)2·6 H2O | 0.0100 | 0.0095 | 0.0095 | - | - | 0.0100 |
Ca(NO3)2·4 H2O | 0.0030 | 0.0027 | 0.0027 | - | - | 0.0030 |
50v% | 50v% | |||||
腐蚀速率(mg/cm2/wk) | 0.53 | 1.12 | 0.75 | 5.29 | 4.10 | 0.12 |
表2表明,在ASTMD4340试验中,实施例1具有比对比流体明显好得多的防腐蚀性能。对比例1与实施例1的不同在于,对比例1不含无机磷酸盐。实施例1表现出明显改进的防腐蚀性。类似地,对比例4与实施例1的不同在于,对比例3不含脂族羧酸盐,而是含有芳族羧酸盐。实施例1与对比例3相比表现出明显改进的防腐蚀保护。对比例4和5与实施例1相比表现出无机镁化合物的显著作用。
实施例2-4和对比例6-10
根据ASTMD4340SAE319测试表3中所示的组合物。除非另行指明,表3中的组成量是基于该传热流体总重量的重量%。除表3中所示的组分外,所有实施例和对比例还含有着色剂,该组合物的余量是水。
表3显示比较实施例冷却剂(实施例2至实施例4)和对比冷却剂(对比例6至对比例11)的防腐蚀性能的不同数据组。结果清楚表明,实施例冷却剂与对比冷却剂相比表现出总体优异的防腐蚀性能。特别地,对比例10和实施例2的比较显示镁化合物的令人吃惊的作用。对比例10和实施例2具有类似组成,主要不同在于所用金属盐的种类。对比例10使用Ca(NO3)2并具有比使用Mg(NO3)2的实施例2明显更高腐蚀速率。
实施例5-6和对比例12-14
测试表4中所示的组合物对受控气氛钎焊铝的防腐蚀保护。量为基于该组合物总重量的重量%。使用被常规量的氟铝酸钾焊剂残渣覆盖的AA3003铝合金片作为该试验中的工作电极。金属样品按来样使用。
使用与FordLaboratoryTestMethod(FLTM)BL-105-1“ARapidMethodtoPredicttheEffectivenessofInhibitedCoolantsinAluminumHeatExchangers”中所述类似地构造的试验电池进行该试验。试验中所用的溶液体积为大约6毫升(ml)。使用铂线作为对电极。使用置于卢金检测器中的银/氯化银(3MKCl)参比电极作为参比电极。该小电池的暴露电极表面积为2.54平方厘米。
在此试验中,将试验冷却剂流体添加到该电池中并加热被焊剂残渣覆盖的铝直至该流体沸腾。该流体沸腾1小时,同时通过添加去离子水(如果需要)来保持流体体积,随后将流体温度降至80℃。一旦该电池中的溶液达到80℃的温度,将该样品连接至作为工作电极的恒电位仪。测量开路电位5分钟并在-20mVvs.开路电位下开始动电位极化扫描。在阳极(正极)方向以2毫伏/秒(mVs-1)的速率扫描电位直至观察到点蚀或电位达到比开路电位更偏阳极(moreanodic)大约2伏(V),看哪个先发生。作为电位的函数记录电流。在试验结束时,对试验前和试验后的流体样品进行分析。
表4.
对比例12 | 实施例5 | 实施例6 | 对比例13 | 对比例14 | |
EG | 93.469 | 93.1393 | 92.8402 | 92.8427 | 93.1885 |
Na-TT | 0.475 | 0.4733 | 0.4718 | 0.4718 | 0.4735 |
NaOH | 1.9869 | 2.1598 | 2.1735 | 2.1735 | 1.9809 |
新癸酸 | 0.9619 | 0.9585 | 0.9554 | 0.9554 | 0.9590 |
2-EHA | 2.8857 | 2.8755 | 2.8662 | 2.8663 | 2.8770 |
Chromatint Orange 175 | 0.0215 | 0.0214 | 0.0213 | 0.0213 | 0.0214 |
PM-5150 | 0.2 | 0.1992 | 0.1986 | 0.1986 | 0.1994 |
H3PO4 | - | 0.1700 | 0.1700 | 0.1700 | - |
Tenax WS5520 | - | - | 0.3000 | 0.3000 | - |
Mg(NO3)2·6 H2O | - | 0.0027 | 0.0027 | - | - |
癸二酸 | - | - | - | - | 0.3000 |
图1表明,实施例5和6提供比对比冷却剂明显更好的对CAB钎焊铝的防腐蚀保护。
实施例6-7和对比例12
测试表5和对比例12中所示的组合物对铝319的防腐蚀保护。表5中的量为基于该组合物总重量的重量%。
使用获自TheMetaspecCo.的AA319(2”直径x3/8”厚)板作为电极。该样品用600粒度的碳化硅砂纸抛光,用丙酮清洁并风干,随后浸到试验溶液中。
使用FordLaboratoryTestMethod(FLTM)BL-105-1“ARapidMethodtoPredicttheEffectivenessofInhibitedCoolantsinAluminumHeatExchangers”试验电池进行砂型铸铝(sandcastaluminum)AA319板样品的试验。该FLTMBL-105-01试验电池的暴露铝表面积为8.04平方厘米。试验中所用的溶液体积为大约45毫升。使用石墨棒作为对电极。使用置于卢金检测器中的银/氯化银(3MKCl)参比电极作为参比电极。根据FLTMBL-105-01规格制备该试验中所用的试验溶液。
对AA319金属板样品使用两种试验条件。在一个试验中,将受试冷却剂流体添加到电池中并加热铝直至该流体沸腾。该流体在试验过程中保持沸腾,同时通过添加去离子水(如果需要)来保持流体体积。测得溶液温度为100-103℃。在另一试验条件(该试验条件用于对比例12冷却剂)中,在试验过程中使受试溶液温度保持在85℃。对这两种试验条件而言,受试金属表面温度都比溶液温度高大约10℃。在溶液温度达到所需的100℃或85℃大约1小时后,在-20mVvs.开路电位下开始动电位极化扫描。在阳极(正极)方向以2毫伏/秒(mVs-1)的速率扫描电位直至观察到点蚀或电位达到比开路电位更偏阳极2伏(V),看哪个先发生。作为电位的函数记录电流。
表5.
实施例7 | 实施例8 | |
EG | 93.1093 | 93.1084 |
Na-TT | 0.4750 | 0.4750 |
NaOH | 2.1941 | 2.1941 |
新癸酸 | 0.9600 | 0.9600 |
2-EHA | 2.8751 | 2.8751 |
PM-5150 | 0.2000 | 0.2000 |
H3PO4 | 0.1700 | 0.1700 |
Mg(NO3)2*6H2O | 0.0054 | 0.0054 |
AR-940 | 0.0000 | 0.0010 |
着色剂 | 0.0110 | 0.0110 |
图2表明实施例7和8提供比对比例12好的对铝319的防腐蚀保护,尽管对比例12冷却剂的试验在较低溶液温度(即较低腐蚀性条件)下进行。
实施例5和对比例15-22
选择使用来自最近引入的北美轻型载货汽车的三种机型的三种类型的散热器和两个加热器芯。该散热器和加热器芯由位于北美、欧洲或日本的不同制造商制造。两个散热器和两个加热器芯具有折叠管(B型管)。这两个加热器芯的容积测得为每个管腔1.65毫升和~4毫升。这两个B型散热器的容积为每个管腔大约9和11毫升。另一散热器的容积为每个管腔大约29.5毫升。在移除集管并机械压接(crimping)散热器或加热器芯管的一端以减小开口后,使用通用、非导电和化学惰性的环氧树脂密封散热器和加热器芯管的一端。在室温下固化整夜后,将散热器或加热器芯管机械分离成单个管或管组(即对加热器芯1而言,每组8个管,对加热器芯2而言,每组2个管,对B型散热器而言,每组2或4个管)。在试验后,将冷却剂添加到各散热器或加热器芯管中,管的另一端用蜂蜡(对用于室温试验的管而言)或高温化学惰性环氧树脂密封。此后,填充冷却剂并将密封管置于炉中在20±1℃或90℃下的预期试验环境中以开始浸析试验。在暴露7天、28天或56天后将管中的冷却剂溶液取样到干净和化学惰性容器中并进行分析。
除非另外标记为“预稀释”,将该冷却剂用水稀释50体积%。冷却剂A至冷却剂F的组成显示在表6中。对冷却剂A-D而言,量为基于稀释前组合物总重量的重量%。对冷却剂E和F而言,量为基于预稀释组合物总重量的重量%。冷却剂A-F可购得且表6中所示的组成是化学分析的结果。
表6.
冷却剂 A | 冷却剂 B | 冷却剂 C | 冷却剂 D | 冷却剂 E, 预稀释 | 冷却剂 F, 预稀释 | |
EG | > 90 | > 90 | > 90 | > 89 | > 49 | > 49 |
甲苯基三唑 | 0.1 - 0.3 | 0.1 - 0.3 | 0.1 - 0.3 | - | 0.1 - 0.3 | 0.1 - 0.3 |
硝酸盐 | - | 0.2 - 0.5 | < 0.05 | 0.1 - 0.4 | 0.1 - 0.2 | 0.1 - 0.2 |
亚硝酸盐 | - | - | 0.05 - 0.2 | 0 | - | - |
钼酸盐 | - | - | 0.1 - 0.5 | 0.1 - 0.5 | - | - |
磷酸 | - | - | - | 0.5 - 1 | 0.1 -0.5 | 0.05 - 0.3 |
巯基苯并噻唑 | - | - | - | 0.05 - 0.3 | 0.05 - 0.1 | 0.05 - 0.1 |
苯并三唑 | - | - | - | 0.1 - 0.2 | - | - |
2-EHA | 1.7-3.5 | - | 1.7 - 3.5 | - | - | - |
癸二酸 | - | 1.0-3.5 | 0.1 - 0.4 | - | 0.5 - 1.2 | 0.5 - 1.2 |
新癸酸 | 0.1-1.5 | - | - | - | - | - |
苯甲酸 | - | - | - | 1.0 - 5.0 | - | - |
叔丁基苯甲酸 | - | - | - | - | 0.3 - 1.0 | 0.3 - 0.8 |
甲氧基苯甲酸 | - | - | - | - | 0.3 - 1.0 | < 1.0 |
NaOH / KOH | 0.4-2.0 | 0.4-2.0 | 0.4 - 3.0 | 0.4 - 5.0 | 0.4 - 3.0 | 0.4 - 3.0 |
水、防沫剂和染料 | 余量 | 余量 | 余量 | 余量 | 余量 | 余量 |
用于测试的冷却剂的组成显示在表7中。结果显示在表8和9中。
表7.
对比例15 | 对比例16 | 对比例17 | 对比例18 | 对比例19 | 对比例20 | 对比例21 | 对比例22 | |
冷却剂 A | 50体积% | 333.5克 | 667克 | |||||
水 | 50体积% | 300毫升 | 600毫升 | 50体积% | 50体积% | 50体积% | ||
Bayhibit? AM | 0.2668克 | 0.5336克 | ||||||
NaOH | 0.1700克 | 2.2243克 | ||||||
H3PO4 | 1.6675克 | |||||||
Mg(NO3)2·6 H2O | 0.03603克 | |||||||
冷却剂B | 50体积% | |||||||
冷却剂C | 50体积% | |||||||
冷却剂D | 50体积% | |||||||
冷却剂E (预稀释) | 100体积% | |||||||
冷却剂F (预稀释) | 100体积% |
表8.
ND=未检出;NA=未分析
表8续
ND=未检出;NA=未分析
表8续
ND=未检出;NA=未分析
表8续
ND=未检出;NA=未分析
表8续
ND=未检出;NA=未分析
表9.
ND=未检出;NA=未分析。
在经受测试条件后该传热流体中铝的存在表明铝腐蚀。从表7、8和9中可以看出,具有镁化合物、无机磷酸盐、脂族羧酸(或其盐)和一种或多种选自唑化合物、铜合金腐蚀抑制剂、膦酰基羧酸盐、膦基羧酸盐的组分的组合的传热流体(冷却剂)在经受试验条件下存在比对比例明显更少的铝。含有硝酸盐、亚硝酸盐或2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸(即,PBTC或Bayhibit?AM)的冷却剂据发现在从散热器或加热器芯管中提取的浸析后受试冷却剂样品中含有升高的铝离子含量。
对比例21
使用商业氟铝酸钾焊剂残渣样品确定传热流体中的焊剂溶解度。通过在对比例21的样品中添加按重量计0.05%、0.10%、0.30%和0.50%的氟铝酸钾焊剂残渣,确定室温溶解度结果。各溶液的总重量为25克。在室温(例如20±1℃)下在冷却剂溶液中混合焊剂残渣1小时后,该溶液经0.45微米过滤器真空过滤。随后通过ICP(电感耦合等离子体原子发射光谱法)和IC(离子色谱法)分析该过滤溶液的氟化物浓度。结果显示在下表10中。
表10.
焊剂残渣浓度, g/kg | 0.0 | 0.5 | 1.0 | 3.0 | 5.0 |
铝, mg/L | ND | ND | ND | ND | ND |
氟化物, mg/L | ND | 10 | 3 | 6 | 8 |
ND=未检出
该数据表明对于对比例21而言,表8的浸析数据中铝的存在归因于腐蚀,而非焊剂可溶性。
实施例9-10
根据ASTMD4340使用SAE319砂型铸铝合金作为试样测试表11中所示的组合物。表11中的量为基于该传热流体总重量的重量%。
表11.
实施例9 | 实施例10 | |
EG | 93.1033 | 93.1042 |
Na-TT | 0.4750 | 0.4750 |
NaOH | 2.2001 | 2.2001 |
新癸酸 | 0.9600 | 0.9600 |
2-EHA | 2.8751 | 2.8751 |
PM-5150 | 0.2000 | 0.2000 |
H3PO4 | 0.1700 | 0.1700 |
四水合乙酸镁 | 0.0045 | 0.0045 |
AR-940 | 0.0010 | 0.0000 |
染料和着色剂 | 0.0110 | 0.0110 |
ASTM D4340结果,腐蚀速率,mg/cm2/周 | -0.01 | 0.00 |
ASTMD4340结果表明,使用包含镁离子、脂族羧酸(或其盐)、无机磷酸盐和至少一种选自唑化合物、铜合金腐蚀抑制剂、膦酰基羧酸盐和膦基羧酸盐的组分的无硝酸盐的冷却剂组合物防止铝腐蚀。
另外,已经发现,如表12中的数据所示,包含镁离子、脂族羧酸(或其盐)、无机磷酸盐和至少一种选自唑化合物、铜合金腐蚀抑制剂、膦酰基羧酸盐和膦基羧酸盐的组分的冷却剂组合物防止铝腐蚀,表现出降低的长期冷却剂降解。
表12.
除非文中清楚地另行指明,单数形式“一”和“该”包括复数对象。叙述相同特征或组分的所有范围的端点可独立组合并包括所述端点。所有参考资料经此引用并入本文。术语“第一”、“第二”等在本文中不指示任何次序、量或重要性,而是用于将一个要素与另一要素区分。本文所述的各种实施方案和范围可以在该描述不矛盾的情况下组合。
尽管已经为举例说明阐述了典型实施方案,上文的描述不应被视为限制其范围。相应地,本领域技术人员可以在不背离本文的精神和范围的情况下想到各种修改、调整和备选方案。
Claims (21)
1.传热流体,其包含
基于该传热流体总重量10重量%至99.9重量%的量的冰点降低剂;
基于该传热流体总重量0.05重量%至10重量%的量的脂族羧酸、其盐、或前述的组合;
基于该传热流体总重量0.0002重量%至5重量%的量的无机磷酸盐;
使得镁离子浓度占该传热流体的按重量计百万分之0.5至100份的量的镁化合物;
基于该传热流体总重量0.1重量%至90重量%的量的去离子水;和
选自唑化合物、铜合金腐蚀抑制剂、膦酰基羧酸盐、膦基羧酸盐和两种或更多种前述组分的组合的组分,
其中所述传热流体不含硅酸盐。
2.权利要求1的传热流体,进一步包含着色剂、聚合物分散剂、阻垢剂、润湿剂、抗微生物剂或其组合。
3.权利要求1或2的传热流体,其包含小于或等于80ppm的硝酸盐、小于或等于0.03重量%的2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸及其盐且不含铵离子和氨。
4.权利要求1或2的传热流体,其包含小于或等于40ppm的硝酸盐且不含亚硝酸盐、2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸及其盐、铵离子和氨。
5.权利要求1的传热流体,其中该传热流体不含亚硝酸盐、硝酸盐、氨、铵离子、和2-膦酰基丁烷-1,2,4-三羧酸及其盐。
6.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该冰点降低剂包含醇或醇的混合物并以该传热流体总重量的10重量%至99.9重量%的量存在。
7.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该脂族羧酸盐具有6至15个碳原子并以该传热流体总重量的0.05重量%至10重量%的量存在。
8.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,包含小于或等于100ppm的硝酸根离子。
9.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该镁化合物是选自硫酸镁的无机化合物。
10.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该镁化合物是在镁离子与含有一个或多个羧酸基团的有机酸之间形成的镁盐。
11.权利要求1至8或10任一项的传热流体,其中该镁化合物是选自聚丙烯酸镁、聚马来酸镁、乳酸镁、柠檬酸镁、酒石酸镁、葡萄糖酸镁、葡庚糖酸镁、羟乙酸镁、葡萄糖二酸镁、丁二酸镁、羟基丁二酸镁、己二酸镁、草酸镁、丙二酸镁、氨基磺酸镁、甲酸镁、乙酸镁、丙酸镁、脂族三羧酸或脂族四羧酸的镁盐和前述镁化合物的组合的化合物。
12.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该镁化合物以该传热流体的按重量计百万分之0.5至100份的量存在。
13.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该唑化合物以该传热流体总重量的0.01重量%至4重量%的量存在。
14.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该膦酰基羧酸盐具有通式
H[CHRCHR]n-PO3M2
其中各单元中的至少一个R基团是COOM、CH2OH、磺酰基或膦酰基,可以与第一R基团相同或不同的另一R基团是氢或COOM、羟基、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合、C1-7烷基、C1-7烯基或羧酸根、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合和/或羟基取代的C1-7烷基或C1-7烯基,n是1或大于1的整数,且各M是氢或碱金属离子。
15.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该膦酰基羧酸盐以该传热流体总重量的0.5ppm至0.15重量%的量存在。
16.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该膦基羧酸盐具有通式
H[CHR1CHR1]n-P(O2M)-[CHR2CHR2]mH
其中各单元中至少一个R1基团是COOM、CH2OH、磺酰基或膦酰基,可以与第一R1基团相同或不同的另一R1基团是氢或COOM、羟基、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合、C1-7烷基、C1-7烯基或羧酸根、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合或羟基取代的C1-7烷基或C1-7烯基,n是等于或大于1的整数,且各M是氢或碱金属离子,以及其中各单元中至少一个R2基团是COOM、CH2OH、磺酰基或膦酰基,可以与第一R2基团相同或不同的另一R2基团是氢或COOM、羟基、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合、C1-7烷基、C1-7烯基或羧酸根、膦酰基、磺酰基、硫酸根合或羟基取代的C1-7烷基或C1-7烯基,m是等于或大于0的整数。
17.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该膦基羧酸盐以该传热流体总重量的0.5ppm至0.2重量%的量存在。
18.前述权利要求任一项的传热流体,其中该传热流体进一步包含一种或多种水溶性聚合物。
19.权利要求16的传热流体,其中所述碱金属离子选自钠离子和钾离子。
20.包含前述权利要求任一项的传热流体和传热装置的传热系统。
21.防腐蚀方法,该方法包括使前述权利要求任一项的传热流体与传热系统接触。
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US11236708P | 2008-11-07 | 2008-11-07 | |
US61/112367 | 2008-11-07 | ||
PCT/US2009/063587 WO2010054224A2 (en) | 2008-11-07 | 2009-11-06 | Heat transfer fluids and corrosion inhibitor formulations for use thereof |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
CN102272260A CN102272260A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
CN102272260B true CN102272260B (zh) | 2016-04-20 |
Family
ID=42153591
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
CN200980154057.4A Expired - Fee Related CN102272260B (zh) | 2008-11-07 | 2009-11-06 | 传热流体及其所用的腐蚀抑制剂制剂 |
Country Status (12)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US8617415B2 (zh) |
EP (3) | EP2352800B1 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP5802130B2 (zh) |
KR (1) | KR101618285B1 (zh) |
CN (1) | CN102272260B (zh) |
BR (1) | BRPI0921614B1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2743095C (zh) |
ES (2) | ES2607225T3 (zh) |
MX (1) | MX2011004788A (zh) |
PL (1) | PL2352800T3 (zh) |
PT (2) | PT2352800T (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2010054224A2 (zh) |
Families Citing this family (46)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
KR101300541B1 (ko) | 2005-06-24 | 2013-09-02 | 프레스톤 프로닥츠 코포레이션 | 경납땜된 금속 표면의 부식을 억제하는 방법 및 거기에사용하기 위한 냉각제 및 첨가제 |
EP2451929A4 (en) * | 2009-07-06 | 2013-08-28 | Prestone Products Corp | METHOD AND COMPOSITION FOR CLEANING A HEAT TRANSFER SYSTEM WITH AN ALUMINUM COMPONENT |
US8357310B2 (en) * | 2010-11-10 | 2013-01-22 | Hamilton Sundstrand Space Systems International, Inc. | Aqueous based cooling of components having high surface area levels of aluminum or nickel |
KR101829493B1 (ko) * | 2010-11-10 | 2018-02-14 | 바스프 에스이 | 신규 증기 공간 항부식 조성물 |
US8980815B2 (en) | 2011-02-25 | 2015-03-17 | Prestone Products Corporation | Composition for cleaning a heat transfer system having an aluminum component |
ES2537892T3 (es) | 2011-06-29 | 2015-06-15 | General Electric Company | Soluciones esterilizantes y pasteurizantes sin molibdatos |
CA2867867C (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2020-03-10 | Foster Wheeler Usa Corporation | Method for reducing silicone antifoam usage in delayed coking processes |
US9115302B2 (en) | 2012-09-05 | 2015-08-25 | Chevron U.S.A. Inc. | Coolant having rapid metal passivation properties |
US8617416B1 (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2013-12-31 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluids and corrosion inhibitor formulations for use thereof |
US9567507B2 (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2017-02-14 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluids and corrosion inhibitor formulations for use thereof |
US8613866B1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2013-12-24 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluids and corrosion inhibitor formulations for use thereof |
US9023235B2 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2015-05-05 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluid additive composition |
US9994755B2 (en) | 2012-09-07 | 2018-06-12 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluids and corrosion inhibitor formulations for use thereof |
US20140070134A1 (en) * | 2012-09-07 | 2014-03-13 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluid concentrate |
US8871699B2 (en) | 2012-09-13 | 2014-10-28 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Detergent composition comprising phosphinosuccinic acid adducts and methods of use |
US8748365B2 (en) * | 2012-09-13 | 2014-06-10 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Solidification matrix comprising phosphinosuccinic acid derivatives |
CN102851003B (zh) * | 2012-10-08 | 2015-09-30 | 江苏省华扬太阳能有限公司 | 耐蚀防冻液 |
US9023779B2 (en) | 2013-03-15 | 2015-05-05 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Inhibiting corrosion of aluminum on consumer ware washing product using phosphinosuccinic acid oligomers |
JP6332603B2 (ja) * | 2014-02-24 | 2018-05-30 | 株式会社スリーボンド | 防錆剤組成物 |
CN103806004B (zh) * | 2014-02-25 | 2015-09-30 | 山东省科学院能源研究所 | 太阳能热水器用换热工质 |
US9133418B1 (en) | 2014-04-07 | 2015-09-15 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Non-silicated high alkaline cleaner with aluminum protection |
CN104265443A (zh) * | 2014-09-22 | 2015-01-07 | 广西玉柴机器股份有限公司 | 发动机冷却液的滤清器 |
CN104313595B (zh) * | 2014-09-26 | 2017-11-28 | 中国石油化工集团公司 | 一种mtu柴油机冷却水复合型防腐蚀剂及其制备方法 |
JP6418713B2 (ja) * | 2014-09-30 | 2018-11-07 | 株式会社デンソー | 熱輸送システム |
KR102582627B1 (ko) * | 2015-03-04 | 2023-09-22 | 프레스톤 프로닥츠 코포레이션 | 슈퍼 농축물 첨가제 용액 조성물 |
CN107709281B (zh) * | 2015-05-07 | 2021-03-09 | 埃文斯冷却系统公司 | 具有降低的低温粘度的极低水传热流体 |
JP2016216536A (ja) * | 2015-05-15 | 2016-12-22 | 日本パーカライジング株式会社 | 水性潤滑剤、金属材料及び金属加工品 |
CN105086946B (zh) * | 2015-09-01 | 2018-06-29 | 胡祥卿 | 微重力分子热传导媒介 |
CN105950119A (zh) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-21 | 刘高志 | 一种用于太阳能采暖的相变储能复合材料及其制备方法 |
RU2771525C2 (ru) * | 2016-07-12 | 2022-05-05 | Пристон Продактс Корпорейшн | Теплообменные среды и способы предупреждения коррозии в системах теплообмена |
TWI593829B (zh) * | 2016-07-15 | 2017-08-01 | 中國鋼鐵股份有限公司 | 循環水系統的清洗組成物及其用於清洗表面的方法 |
US11149202B1 (en) | 2016-12-13 | 2021-10-19 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Tetracarboxylic acid combinations for corrosion inhibition |
CN107118748B (zh) * | 2017-07-06 | 2018-03-02 | 广西柳工机械股份有限公司 | 改性石墨烯丙二醇型发动机冷却液 |
CN109868120A (zh) * | 2017-12-01 | 2019-06-11 | 北京万成天泰科技发展有限责任公司 | 一种可以使汽车水箱在零下45摄氏度不结冰的防冻液 |
AU2018384632B2 (en) | 2017-12-11 | 2021-10-21 | The Procter & Gamble Company | Oral care compositions comprising phosphonate and anionic group containing polymers |
CN111372554A (zh) * | 2017-12-11 | 2020-07-03 | 宝洁公司 | 包含多价阳离子和含膦酰基-磷酸根聚合物的组合物 |
JP2019143053A (ja) * | 2018-02-21 | 2019-08-29 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 冷却液組成物 |
AU2019202101A1 (en) | 2018-05-10 | 2019-11-28 | Eavor Technologies Inc | Fluid for use in power production environments |
US11560505B2 (en) * | 2018-08-02 | 2023-01-24 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluids containing synergistic blends of corrosion inhibitor formulations |
WO2020185611A1 (en) * | 2019-03-08 | 2020-09-17 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluids and corrosion inhibitor formulations for use thereof |
CA3148825A1 (en) * | 2019-08-07 | 2021-02-11 | Ecolab Usa Inc. | Corrosion inhibitor for systems with mixed metallurgy |
US20220356389A1 (en) * | 2019-08-22 | 2022-11-10 | Arteco Nv | Glycol based heat-transfer fluid comprising organic carboxylic acid or salt thereof, methods for its preparations and uses thereof |
US10723928B1 (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2020-07-28 | Ht Materials Science (Ip) Limited | Heat transfer mixture |
US10723927B1 (en) | 2019-09-20 | 2020-07-28 | Ht Materials Science (Ip) Limited | Heat transfer mixture |
US20220279546A1 (en) * | 2020-02-28 | 2022-09-01 | Telefonaktiebolaget Lm Ericsson (Publ) | Timing offset for control signaling |
US20220081776A1 (en) * | 2020-09-11 | 2022-03-17 | Macdermid Enthone Inc. | High Elongation Electroless Copper Process |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0245557A2 (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-11-19 | Texaco Development Corporation | Stabilized antifreeze/coolant composition containing borate and silicate corrosion inhibitors |
EP0487194A1 (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1992-05-27 | Texaco Development Corporation | Corrosion-inhibited antifreeze/coolant composition containing aromatic carboxylic acid |
CN1172144A (zh) * | 1996-06-27 | 1998-02-04 | 巴斯福股份公司 | 无硅酸盐、硼酸盐和硝酸盐的防冻浓缩物以及含这些浓缩物的冷却剂组合物 |
CN1308663A (zh) * | 1998-05-22 | 2001-08-15 | 埃什兰公司 | 柴油发动机防冻组合物 |
CN1346396A (zh) * | 1999-02-26 | 2002-04-24 | 爱什股份有限公司 | 用于柴油发动机的单羧酸基防冻剂组合物 |
CN1860255A (zh) * | 2003-10-01 | 2006-11-08 | Cci株式会社 | 冷却液组合物 |
Family Cites Families (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4528108A (en) * | 1983-04-20 | 1985-07-09 | The Lubrizol Corporation | Method for cooling internal combustion engine with an oleaginous coolant fluid composition |
US5080818A (en) * | 1987-06-16 | 1992-01-14 | Nippon Shokubai Kagaku Kogyo Co., Ltd. | Antifreeze composition |
US5018577A (en) | 1990-08-02 | 1991-05-28 | Nalco Chemical Company | Phosphinate inhibitor for scale squeeze applications |
US5386038A (en) * | 1990-12-18 | 1995-01-31 | Albright & Wilson Limited | Water treatment agent |
US6143243A (en) * | 1997-12-29 | 2000-11-07 | Prestone Products Corporation | Method of inhibiting cavitation-erosion corrosion of aluminum surfaces using carboxylic acid based compositions comprising polymerizable-acid graft polymers |
DE10036031A1 (de) * | 2000-07-24 | 2002-02-07 | Basf Ag | Gefrierschutzmittelkonzentrate auf Basis von Amiden und diese umfassende Kühlmittelzusammensetzungen zum Schutz von Magnesium und Magnesiumlegierungen |
US6572789B1 (en) | 2001-04-02 | 2003-06-03 | Ondeo Nalco Company | Corrosion inhibitors for aqueous systems |
JP4119622B2 (ja) * | 2001-04-25 | 2008-07-16 | トヨタ自動車株式会社 | 冷却液組成物 |
DE10313280A1 (de) * | 2003-03-25 | 2004-10-07 | Basf Ag | Gefrierschutzmittelkonzentrate und Kühlmittelzusammensetzungen auf Basis von Polyglykolen und Amiden zum Schutz von Magnesium und dessen Legierungen |
JPWO2005037951A1 (ja) * | 2003-10-16 | 2006-12-28 | シーシーアイ株式会社 | 冷却液組成物 |
JP4671326B2 (ja) * | 2004-08-04 | 2011-04-13 | 株式会社Adeka | 不凍液組成物 |
US7754097B2 (en) * | 2005-08-12 | 2010-07-13 | Honeywell International Inc. | Method for stabilizing an engine coolant concentrate and preventing hard water salt formation upon dilution |
EP1941076B1 (en) * | 2005-10-25 | 2013-03-27 | Prestone Products Corporation | Heat transfer fluid compositions for cooling systems containing magnesium or magnesium alloys |
US20070158609A1 (en) * | 2006-01-12 | 2007-07-12 | Haiping Hong | Carbon nanoparticle-containing lubricant and grease |
-
2009
- 2009-11-06 CN CN200980154057.4A patent/CN102272260B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2009-11-06 WO PCT/US2009/063587 patent/WO2010054224A2/en active Application Filing
- 2009-11-06 ES ES09825497.2T patent/ES2607225T3/es active Active
- 2009-11-06 EP EP09825497.2A patent/EP2352800B1/en not_active Revoked
- 2009-11-06 PT PT98254972T patent/PT2352800T/pt unknown
- 2009-11-06 BR BRPI0921614-6A patent/BRPI0921614B1/pt not_active IP Right Cessation
- 2009-11-06 MX MX2011004788A patent/MX2011004788A/es active IP Right Grant
- 2009-11-06 US US12/613,829 patent/US8617415B2/en active Active
- 2009-11-06 PL PL09825497T patent/PL2352800T3/pl unknown
- 2009-11-06 ES ES16190368T patent/ES2744930T3/es active Active
- 2009-11-06 PT PT16190368T patent/PT3138889T/pt unknown
- 2009-11-06 EP EP16190368.7A patent/EP3138889B1/en active Active
- 2009-11-06 KR KR1020117012815A patent/KR101618285B1/ko active IP Right Grant
- 2009-11-06 CA CA2743095A patent/CA2743095C/en active Active
- 2009-11-06 EP EP19178467.7A patent/EP3567087A1/en active Pending
- 2009-11-06 JP JP2011535699A patent/JP5802130B2/ja active Active
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
EP0245557A2 (en) * | 1986-02-28 | 1987-11-19 | Texaco Development Corporation | Stabilized antifreeze/coolant composition containing borate and silicate corrosion inhibitors |
EP0487194A1 (en) * | 1990-11-19 | 1992-05-27 | Texaco Development Corporation | Corrosion-inhibited antifreeze/coolant composition containing aromatic carboxylic acid |
CN1172144A (zh) * | 1996-06-27 | 1998-02-04 | 巴斯福股份公司 | 无硅酸盐、硼酸盐和硝酸盐的防冻浓缩物以及含这些浓缩物的冷却剂组合物 |
CN1308663A (zh) * | 1998-05-22 | 2001-08-15 | 埃什兰公司 | 柴油发动机防冻组合物 |
CN1346396A (zh) * | 1999-02-26 | 2002-04-24 | 爱什股份有限公司 | 用于柴油发动机的单羧酸基防冻剂组合物 |
CN1860255A (zh) * | 2003-10-01 | 2006-11-08 | Cci株式会社 | 冷却液组合物 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2010054224A3 (en) | 2010-07-22 |
ES2744930T3 (es) | 2020-02-26 |
MX2011004788A (es) | 2011-06-17 |
BRPI0921614B1 (pt) | 2019-02-19 |
JP2012508297A (ja) | 2012-04-05 |
PT3138889T (pt) | 2019-08-21 |
CA2743095C (en) | 2017-05-23 |
EP3138889A1 (en) | 2017-03-08 |
CA2743095A1 (en) | 2010-05-14 |
ES2607225T3 (es) | 2017-03-29 |
EP3567087A1 (en) | 2019-11-13 |
WO2010054224A2 (en) | 2010-05-14 |
PL2352800T3 (pl) | 2017-03-31 |
CN102272260A (zh) | 2011-12-07 |
KR101618285B1 (ko) | 2016-05-04 |
EP2352800B1 (en) | 2016-09-28 |
US8617415B2 (en) | 2013-12-31 |
PT2352800T (pt) | 2016-11-04 |
EP3138889B1 (en) | 2019-06-12 |
EP2352800A2 (en) | 2011-08-10 |
BRPI0921614A8 (pt) | 2019-02-05 |
JP5802130B2 (ja) | 2015-10-28 |
US20100116473A1 (en) | 2010-05-13 |
EP2352800A4 (en) | 2013-10-16 |
KR20110094030A (ko) | 2011-08-19 |
BRPI0921614A2 (pt) | 2016-01-05 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
CN102272260B (zh) | 传热流体及其所用的腐蚀抑制剂制剂 | |
EP3484976B1 (en) | Heat transfer fluids and methods for preventing corrosion in heat transfer systems | |
US11560505B2 (en) | Heat transfer fluids containing synergistic blends of corrosion inhibitor formulations | |
AU2002256500A1 (en) | Monocarboxylic acid based antifreeze composition | |
WO2002090460A1 (en) | Monocarboxylic acid based antifreeze composition | |
RU2751005C2 (ru) | Концентрат силикатсодержащей охлаждающей жидкости | |
CA2171013C (en) | Nonaqueous heat transfer fluid | |
US6126852A (en) | Monocarboxylic acid based antifreeze composition | |
US6235217B1 (en) | Monocarboxylic acid based antifreeze composition | |
KR20020026889A (ko) | 열전달액용 부식 억제 조성물 | |
CA2363660C (en) | Monocarboxylic acid based antifreeze composition for diesel engines | |
WO2000050532A1 (en) | Monocarboxylic acid based antifreeze composition for diesel engines | |
RU2802675C2 (ru) | Жидкий теплоноситель, содержащий синергическую смесь составов ингибиторов коррозии | |
AU771582B2 (en) | Monocarboxylic acid based antifreeze composition | |
MXPA00004372A (en) | Silicate free antifreeze composition |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
C06 | Publication | ||
PB01 | Publication | ||
C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
GR01 | Patent grant | ||
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20160420 Termination date: 20191106 |
|
CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |