CN102269186B - 用于防抱死制动系统的低压蓄能器 - Google Patents

用于防抱死制动系统的低压蓄能器 Download PDF

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CN102269186B
CN102269186B CN201110122323.4A CN201110122323A CN102269186B CN 102269186 B CN102269186 B CN 102269186B CN 201110122323 A CN201110122323 A CN 201110122323A CN 102269186 B CN102269186 B CN 102269186B
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cylinder
stopper
vent
low pressure
pressure accumulator
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CN102269186A (zh
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柳栋耀
宋旻根
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HL Mando Corp
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/42—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition having expanding chambers for controlling pressure, i.e. closed systems
    • B60T8/4275—Pump-back systems
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T7/00—Brake-action initiating means
    • B60T7/02—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation
    • B60T7/08—Brake-action initiating means for personal initiation hand actuated
    • B60T7/10—Disposition of hand control
    • B60T7/102—Disposition of hand control by means of a tilting lever
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/36—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition including a pilot valve responding to an electromagnetic force
    • B60T8/3615—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems
    • B60T8/3675—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems integrated in modulator units
    • B60T8/368—Electromagnetic valves specially adapted for anti-lock brake and traction control systems integrated in modulator units combined with other mechanical components, e.g. pump units, master cylinders
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
    • B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
    • B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
    • B60T8/32—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration
    • B60T8/34—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition
    • B60T8/42—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force responsive to a speed condition, e.g. acceleration or deceleration having a fluid pressure regulator responsive to a speed condition having expanding chambers for controlling pressure, i.e. closed systems
    • B60T8/4275—Pump-back systems
    • B60T8/4291—Pump-back systems having means to reduce or eliminate pedal kick-back
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B1/00—Installations or systems with accumulators; Supply reservoir or sump assemblies
    • F15B1/02—Installations or systems with accumulators
    • F15B1/04—Accumulators
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/20—Accumulator cushioning means
    • F15B2201/21—Accumulator cushioning means using springs
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/30—Accumulator separating means
    • F15B2201/31—Accumulator separating means having rigid separating means, e.g. pistons
    • F15B2201/312—Sealings therefor, e.g. piston rings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
    • F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F15B2201/00—Accumulators
    • F15B2201/40—Constructional details of accumulators not otherwise provided for
    • F15B2201/405—Housings

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transportation (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Regulating Braking Force (AREA)

Abstract

公开了车辆的用于防抱死制动系统的低压蓄能器。该低压蓄能器包括：缸，该缸的一端与连接到阀和泵的流体通路相连通，该缸的相反端形成有开口；活塞，该活塞在所述缸中来回移动；弹簧，该弹簧安装在所述缸中以弹性地支撑所述活塞；以及塞子，该塞子安装在所述缸的所述开口中以支撑所述弹簧的一端。所述塞子包括通气孔，以使空气贯通所述缸的内侧和外侧而流通。

Description

用于防抱死制动系统的低压蓄能器
技术领域
本公开内容涉及一种防抱死制动系统。更具体地，本公开内容涉及低压蓄能器的柱塞。
背景技术
通常，为了使车辆安全制动，在车辆中安装有防抱死制动系统，以通过间歇地控制施加到轮子的制动力来防止轮子打滑。
这样的制动系统包括：主缸，该主缸通过接收由于操作制动踏板而引起并由助力器放大的制动力来产生制动压力；电磁阀，该电磁阀控制被传递到设置在前轮和后轮处的液压制动器的制动压力；使油的压力脉动衰减的蓄能器；以及由马达操作的泵。上述元件沿着液压管路布置。
同时，电磁阀被安装在每个液压制动器的液压管路中，以控制由主缸产生的制动压力，并且在电磁阀的下方安装有低压蓄能器以在减压模式中临时存储由液压制动器排出的油。此外，泵被安装在低压蓄能器的排出口附近，以将低压油压缩并将压缩的低压油泵送到高压蓄能器。从高压蓄能器排出的油被流通到主缸或电磁阀。
在防抱死制动系统的上述部件中，低压蓄能器临时存储在制动压力的压力减小过程中从每个制动器排出的油，以便衰减压力脉动。
低压蓄能器包括缸、用于保持缸的内部处于气密状态的活塞、用于弹性地支撑活塞的弹簧，以及用于在支撑该弹簧的同时将该缸打开/关闭的塞子。
此外，该塞子上装配有通气孔密封件和通气孔帽，以便除去由于缸中空气的压缩和膨胀而在缸中产生的压力。
然而，根据现有技术，需要时间和设备来将通气孔密封件和通气孔帽与塞子进行装配，从而会增加制造成本。
发明内容
相应地，本公开内容的一个方面是提供一种防抱死制动系统，这种防抱死制动系统装备有通过在柱塞中形成通气孔而能够使空气流通的低压蓄能器。
本公开内容附加的方面和/或优点部分地将在下面的描述中阐明并且部分地通过所述描述将变得很明显，或者可以通过实施本公开内容而获知。
本公开内容的前述的和/或其它的方面通过提供一种包括低压蓄能器的防抱死制动系统来实现。该低压蓄能器包括：缸，该缸的一端与连接到阀和泵的流体通路相连通，该缸的相反端形成有开口；活塞，该活塞在所述缸中来回移动；弹簧，该弹簧安装在所述缸中以弹性地支撑所述活塞；以及塞子，该塞子安装在所述缸的所述开口中以支撑所述弹簧的一端，其中，所述塞子包括通气孔，以使空气贯通所述缸的内侧和外侧而流通。
根据本公开内容，在所述塞子的外周部设置有凸缘，并且在所述凸缘中形成有所述通气孔。
根据本公开内容，所述通气孔被布置在所述低压蓄能器和所述塞子之间。
根据本公开内容，所述通气孔具有槽的形状(slot shape)。
根据本公开内容，所述通气孔具有可变的深度。
如上所述，根据本公开内容的用于防抱死制动系统的低压蓄能器，空气可贯通缸的内侧和外侧而流通而无需使用单独的构件，因此，可以防止由于在所述缸中产生的压力所造成的性能下降。
此外，因为不需要额外的部件，所以可以节省部件的成本。
附图说明
结合附图，从下面实施方式的描述可清楚并更加容易了解本公开内容的这些和/或其它方面和优点，附图中：
图1是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器的剖视图；
图2是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器的塞子的放大图；
图3是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器的塞子的立体图；以及
图4是示意性地示出装备有根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器的防抱死制动系统的结构的液压回路图。
具体实施方式
现在将详细参照本公开内容的实施方式，在附图中图解了这些实施方式的实施例，在附图中相同的附图标记表示相同的元件。将在下文中通过参考附图来描述实施方式以解释本公开内容。
图1是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器的剖视图，图2是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器的塞子的放大图，图3是示意性地示出根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器的塞子的立体图，而图4是示意性地示出装备有根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器的防抱死制动系统的结构的液压回路图。
如图中所示，根据本公开内容的低压蓄能器1包括：缸3，该缸3设置在调制器部件(modulator block)2的内表面以限定油的存储腔；活塞4，围绕该活塞4安装有活塞环4a以保持缸3的内部处于气密状态；弹簧5，弹簧5用于弹性地支撑活塞4；以及塞子6，该塞子6用于在支撑弹簧5的同时打开/关闭缸3的开口3a。
缸3的一个表面与连接到泵13以及阀20和21的流体通路8连通，该流体通路8将在稍后进行描述。如果通过流体通路8引入的油的压力超过弹簧5的弹性力，则油在沿方向“A”推动活塞4的同时被存储在缸3内形成的油存储腔C中。如果制动油被供给到缸3，则存储在油存储腔C中的油通过在泵13的附近的流体通路8排出，并且活塞4由于弹簧5的弹性力而沿方向“B”移动。
在塞子6的外周面设置有凸缘6a，并且在该凸缘6a中形成有具有槽的形状或凹槽的形状的通气孔7。
详细地，通气孔7被布置在塞子6和调制器部件2之间。
可沿着塞子6的外周面布置多个通气孔7，并且通气孔7的深度和尺寸可以是可变的。
通气孔7通过允许空气流入缸3的内部，即流入油存储腔C而除去在该油存储腔C中产生的压力。
如图3所示，如果驾驶员在驾驶车辆时踩在制动踏板11上，则由于压力差而由助力器12产生助力，并且主缸10通过接收来自助力器12的放大的力而产生制动压力。
制动压力通过常开(normally open)(NO)型电磁阀20而被供给到在前轮FL和FR以及后轮RL和RR处设置的轮缸50，从而执行制动操作。
如果基于路况而产生了过多的制动力，则可能会发生打滑的现象，即，车辆的轮子发生滑动。通过装备在车辆的轮子内的轮传感器(未示出)检测该打滑现象，并且该轮传感器将信号传递到防抱死制动系统的电子控制设备(未示出)。
此时，电子控制设备打开常闭(normally close)(NC)型电磁阀21以从轮缸50将油排出，以使得制动压力得以降低。因此，制动操作被临时释放，从而避免打滑现象。
此外，通过NC型电磁阀21排出的油被临时存储在低压蓄能器1中。随着马达24被驱动，油通过泵13，使得具有高压的油被排放到高压蓄能器30中。
然后，油从高压蓄能器30流通到主缸10或NO型电磁阀20。上述操作由电子控制设备重复，使得流体通过液压管路而被流通到轮缸50中，从而间歇地制动车轮。
同时，从NC型电磁阀21引入到低压蓄能器1中的油通过流体通路8传递到油存储腔C。如果油存储腔C的压力由于引入到油存储腔C中的油而升高，则活塞4在油的作用下沿方向“A”移动。
此时，因为空气由于塞子6的通气孔7而贯通油存储腔C的内侧和外侧而流通，所以可以防止由于在油存储腔C中产生的压力所造成的性能下降。
此外，活塞4在油的作用下而沿着缸3的内表面往后移动，直到活塞4接触塞子6。
如果存储在低压蓄能器1的油存储腔C中的油通过与缸3的一个端部相连通的流体通路8而被排出，则活塞4由于弹簧5的弹力而沿方向“B”移动。
尽管已经示出和描述了本公开内容的一些实施方式，但是本领域普通技术人员将理解，在不脱离由权利要求及其等同物限定范围的本公开内容的原则和精神的前提下，这些具体实施方式可以进行变化。

Claims (5)

1.一种防抱死制动系统，该防抱死制动系统包括：
低压蓄能器，
其中，所述低压蓄能器包括：
缸，该缸的一端与连接到阀和泵的流体通路相连通，该缸的相反端形成有开口；
活塞，该活塞在所述缸中来回移动；
弹簧，该弹簧安装在所述缸中以弹性地支撑所述活塞；
塞子，该塞子安装在所述缸的所述开口中以支撑所述弹簧的一端；以及
调制器部件，该调制器部件具有邻近所述开口在所述缸的内周面形成的台阶状凹槽，并且所述缸设置在该调制器部件的内表面；并且
其中，所述塞子包括通气孔，以使空气贯通所述缸的内侧和外侧而流通，
其中，在所述塞子的外周部设置有凸缘，并且在所述凸缘中形成有所述通气孔，
所述塞子的所述凸缘被插入到所述台阶状凹槽中。
2.如权利要求1所述的防抱死制动系统，其中，所述通气孔被布置在所述调制器部件和所述塞子之间。
3.如权利要求1所述的防抱死制动系统，其中，所述通气孔具有槽的形状。
4.如权利要求1所述的防抱死制动系统，其中，所述通气孔具有可变的深度。
5.一种防抱死制动系统，该防抱死制动系统包括：
低压蓄能器，
其中，所述低压蓄能器包括：
缸，该缸的一端与连接到阀和泵的流体通路相连通，该缸的相反端形成有开口；
调制器部件，该调制器部件具有邻近所述开口在所述缸的内周面形成的台阶状凹槽，并且所述缸设置在该调制器部件的内表面；
活塞，该活塞在所述缸中来回移动；
弹簧，该弹簧安装在所述缸中以弹性地支撑所述活塞；
塞子，该塞子包括被插入到所述台阶状凹槽中的凸缘并支撑所述弹簧的一端；以及
通气孔，该通气孔设置在所述塞子中，以使空气贯通所述缸的内侧和外侧而流通，并且
其中，通过切割所述凸缘的周部而形成所述通气孔，以允许空气在所述台阶状凹槽和所述凸缘之间流动。
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KR20110125284A (ko) 2011-11-21

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