CN102248227B - Machine tool for machining spiral bevel gear - Google Patents
Machine tool for machining spiral bevel gear Download PDFInfo
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- CN102248227B CN102248227B CN2011101593689A CN201110159368A CN102248227B CN 102248227 B CN102248227 B CN 102248227B CN 2011101593689 A CN2011101593689 A CN 2011101593689A CN 201110159368 A CN201110159368 A CN 201110159368A CN 102248227 B CN102248227 B CN 102248227B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q1/00—Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
- B23Q1/25—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports
- B23Q1/44—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms
- B23Q1/56—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/60—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism
- B23Q1/62—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides
- B23Q1/621—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
- B23Q1/626—Movable or adjustable work or tool supports using particular mechanisms with sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism two sliding pairs only, the sliding pairs being the first two elements of the mechanism with perpendicular axes, e.g. cross-slides a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair followed perpendicularly by a single sliding pair
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F9/00—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction
- B23F9/08—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob
- B23F9/10—Making gears having teeth curved in their longitudinal direction by milling, e.g. with helicoidal hob with a face-mill
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Abstract
The invention discloses a machine tool for machining a spiral bevel gear, comprising a tool body, upright posts, a horizontal sliding table and a cutter box, wherein each upright post is provided with a U-shaped through groove of which an opening faces downwards; the upright posts are arranged on the tool body; width, depth and thickness directions of the U-shaped through groove are sequentially defined as Y-axis, Z-axis and X-axis directions of a space Cartesian rectangular coordinate system; a first linear driving shaft for driving a first rotating shaft box body to do linear motion is arranged in the U-shaped through groove; each upright post is provided with a second linear driving shaft for driving the horizontal sliding table to do linear motion along the Y-axis direction; and the horizontal sliding table is provided with a third linear driving shaft for driving the cutter box to do linear motion along the Z-axis direction. The invention has the advantages of compact structure, low construction cost, stable and reliable performance, small occupied area, favorable rigidity of the machine tool, convenience for removing chips, easiness for realization of dry cutting, fewer parts of the entire machine, favorable processing property and suitability for industrial production.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to numerically controlled processing equipment, be meant a kind of hypoid generating machine especially, further be meant the mill teeth machine and the gear grinding machines of processing spiral bevel gear.
Background technology
In the prior art, Machining Spiral Bevel Gear equipment has mechanical type hypoid generating machine and numerical-control machine tool for processing spiral bevel gear.The structure of mechanical type hypoid generating machine is the most complicated in the gear machine with the adjustment link.Referring to accompanying drawing 1, existing numerical-control machine tool for processing spiral bevel gear utilizes computer directly control three linear axis (being X, Y, Z axle) and three turning cylinders (being A, B, C axle), with the working motion of simulation mechanical type spiral bevel gear, thereby processes spiral bevel gear.Numerical-control machine tool for processing spiral bevel gear converts complex mechanical construction into software control, has realized the information-based and intelligent of Machining Spiral Bevel Gear.Said structure be with toolbox along the Y axle, workpiece box is simulated the revolution of cutter around the cage chair axis along the interlock of X axle, the swing that the function of tilt mechanism is changed into the B axle realizes.This structure is not given full play to the effect of Numeric Control Technology, has following major defect:
1, this structure is because column is motionless; Toolbox is installed on the column (8) through the slide plate that is layering; In order to let the cutter (26) that is installed on the toolbox (13) on the horizontal sliding table (10) be worked into workpiece; Have no alternative but stretch cutter spindle (25) very long, thereby strengthened the overhang ratio of cutter (26) stress point, cause cutter spindle (25) rigidity also not so good with the main shaft bearing support distances.
2, the design of this machine tool structure is in that processing is left and right when revolving spiral bevel gear; The processing stand of lathe is respectively at the upper-lower position of workpiece (27); Thereby cause the processing stand change in location of lathe very big; Toolbox is very long at the Y directional run, and the position of processing stand is also very high, and these are not fine to the whole processing of lathe rigidity.
3, this structure X, Y, three linear motion axis of Z design to such an extent that relatively disperse, and cause the lathe floor space big, bad protection.
4, this structure X axle slide plate (28) in process because will be along X to slip; X need be installed on the lathe bed (1) to guide rail (16,17); Cause chip area (29) can not open to the whole machining process zone, though this structure can be installed the steel protection of armor formula on the X axle, iron filings fall still bad cleaning on protection; Particularly mill teeth the time, a large amount of iron filings are deposited on the lathe this situation especially easily.
5, for environmental protection and saving, the developing direction of spiral bevel gear mill teeth is to do cutting, does not promptly add cooling fluid man-hour adding; Cutting speed is very fast, and heat is cut to be taken away, and this just requires scorching hot cutting can not drop on the lathe bed; In order to avoid cause the thermal deformation of lathe, the device of Fig. 1 is difficult to accomplish this point.
6, machine part is many, and floor space is big, and work-handling is inconvenient.
Publication number is that the patent application prospectus of CN1457279 has been put down in writing a kind of machine of producing bevel gear, and this machine designs cutter spindle and work spindle on a column entirely, and its structure not only causes manufacturing cost high, and the manufacturability of assembling is bad.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the above-mentioned defective that prior art exists, propose a kind of simple in structurely, stability and good reliability, efficient is high, floor space is little, protection and chip removal are easy, the hypoid generating machine easy to loading and unloading of workpiece and cutter.
The present invention adopts following technical proposals to realize that a kind of hypoid generating machine comprises lathe bed; Column; Horizontal sliding table, toolbox, said column is sat and is contained on the said lathe bed; On said column, be provided with a downward opening U-shaped groove, the width of said U-shaped groove, the degree of depth, thickness direction are defined as Y axle, Z axle, the X-direction of space Descartes's rectangular coordinate system successively;
It is parallel with said X-direction and can be around the rotating first linear drives axle of self axis in said U-shaped groove, to be provided with at least one axis; On the said first linear drives axle, the first gyroaxis casing is installed, the said first linear drives axle drives the said first gyroaxis casing along said X-direction moving linearly;
It is parallel with said Y direction and can be around the rotating second linear drives axle of self axis on said column, to be provided with at least one axis; Said horizontal sliding table is installed on the said second linear drives axle, and the said second linear drives axle drives said horizontal sliding table along said Y direction moving linearly;
It is parallel with said Z-direction and can be around rotating the 3rd linear drives axle of self axis on said horizontal sliding table, to be provided with at least one axis; Said toolbox is installed on said the 3rd linear drives axle, and said the 3rd linear drives axle drives said toolbox along said Z-direction moving linearly.
Among the present invention, be provided with slew gear in the said first gyroaxis casing, said slew gear drives first gyroaxis of being located in the said first gyroaxis casing and rotates, and an end of said first gyroaxis is provided with workpiece box; Be provided with drive unit in the said slew gear; Said drive unit is selected from a kind of in torque motor, gear drive, crank linkage driving system, the Worm and worm-wheel gearing.
Among the present invention; Said workpiece box is provided with the work spindle of the axis normal of an axis and said first gyroaxis; One end of said work spindle is provided with the Workpiece carrier platform that workpiece to be machined is installed, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of work spindle in being located at workpiece box.
Among the present invention; In the groove of said U-lag, be provided with two said first guiding rails that axis direction is parallel with X-direction, first gathering sill that the said first gyroaxis casing is provided with through its bottom surface contact realization along the location of the support of Z-direction and Y direction and the guiding of the said X-direction moving linearly in said first gyroaxis casing edge is provided with said first guiding rail coupling.
Among the present invention; On said column, be provided with axis direction second guiding rail parallel with said Y direction, the gathering sill that said horizontal sliding table is provided with through an one of which side contacts with said second guiding rail coupling to be realized locating and provide the guiding of said horizontal sliding table along said Y direction moving linearly along the support of Z-direction.
Among the present invention; On said horizontal sliding table, be provided with axis direction three guiding rail parallel with said Z-direction, the gathering sill that said toolbox is provided with through one of which side contact realization along the location of Y direction and the guiding of the said Z-direction moving linearly in said toolbox edge is provided with said the 3rd guiding rail coupling.
Among the present invention; Said toolbox is provided with the cutter spindle of the parallel axes of an axis and said the 3rd driving shaft; One end of said cutter spindle is provided with the base of tool of mounting cutter, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of cutter spindle in being located at toolbox.
Among the present invention, on the said first gyroaxis casing and be provided with the static pressure supplemental support between the said workpiece box.
Know-why of the present invention is; Spiral bevel gear is in process; The relative motion of cutter and workpiece is depended in the formation of its flank of tooth, and the relative position of cutter and workpiece is accomplished by three linear drives axles, i.e. the first linear drives axle, the second linear drives axle, the 3rd linear drives axle and three turning cylinders; Promptly first gyroaxis, cutter spindle, tool spindle are confirmed, six setting can be in the relative position of any needs as long as guarantee cutter and workpiece.The present invention confirms at the various possible setting means of having studied three linear drives axles and three gyroaxises and after analyzing its pluses and minuses.The process that the present invention processes spiral bevel gear is:
1, on the cutter spindle of toolbox (6), installs cutter; On the work spindle of workpiece box (3), install spiral bevel gear; Computer is at first controlled the rotation of first gyroaxis behind the start-up routine; Drive workpiece box (3) around angle of first gyroaxis revolution, the size of angle of revolution is exactly the wheel blank established angle that spiral bevel gear has just begun to add man-hour.
2, the computer control first gyroaxis casing (19) along the X axle move, horizontal sliding table (9) moves along the Y axle; Toolbox (6) moves along the Z axle; Open the beginning position with what cutter moved quickly into Gear Processing, cutter will be opened cooling fluid by the revolution of given speed like wet being essential.
3, under programme-control, the first linear drives axle, the second linear drives axle, the 3rd linear drives axle, cutter spindle, work spindle five-axle linkage make generating motion that cutter and workpiece to be machined do engagement to process the flank of tooth.
4, after a teeth groove processes; Toolbox rises along Z-direction workpiece to be machined and cutter is disengaged; Work spindle rotation makes the original position of gear compound graduation to the second gear teeth processing, then X, Y, Z, B each under the principle that does not interfere, return to the original position of Gear Processing fast.
5, second teeth groove of processing so moves in circles, up to machining all gear teeth.
6, each all gets back to the home position, and (cleaning door is opened the back) staff takes off the gear that processes and changes gear to be processed.
7 if numerically controlled tooth grinding machine also will utilize dresser to come trimming wheel in readiness time or process.
Lathe of the present invention is compared with existing lathe, has following advantage:
1, the first gyroaxis panoramic table can adopt precision rotating platform type of drive commonly used such as torque motor or gear drive, crank linkage driving system, Worm and worm-wheel gearing to drive;
2, first gyroaxis through the rotation ± 90 ° realize spiral bevel gear about revolve processing, the method has shortened the stroke of X axle greatly.
3, column is fixed, has guaranteed the high rigidity of lathe.
4, lathe is left and right when revolving spiral bevel gear in processing; Its processing stand no longer is distributed in the upper-lower position of workpiece; But be distributed in the position, the left and right sides of workpiece; Making the processing stand of lathe remain very low position in short transverse like this, and this position good rigidly, be prone to chip removal, be prone to observe, is the optimum processing stand of lathe.
5, Machine Tool design is a vertical structure, and Z axle stroke, X axle stroke are quite short, and this also makes machine tool structure compact, and floor space is little.
6, owing to move before the X axis, operating personnel and workpiece can be realized 0 distance loading and unloading during workpiece loading and unloading, and be very convenient.
7, the lathe total arrangement adopts vertical structure, and the loading and unloading of workpiece and cutter are very convenient, and workpiece is convenient to realize the manipulator automatic loading and unloading;
8, equipment manufacturing cost reduction, stable performance, reliable; Drop in the machine tool chip removal groove between the smear metal of processing is straight, easily chip removal and easily in realizing doing cutting;
9, machine part is few, and processing performance is good, and floor space is little, and protection easily, and is handsome in appearance.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is a kind of machine tool structure of prior art;
Accompanying drawing the 2, the 3rd, the structural representation of a kind of embodiment of lathe of the present invention.
1-lathe bed, 2-column, 3-workpiece box, 9-horizontal sliding table, 6-toolbox.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the present invention is made and to further specify.
Lathe of the present invention comprises the lathe that adopts end face mill teeth or teeth grinding method processing spiral bevel gear, curved tooth hypoid gear.
Referring to accompanying drawing 2,, a kind of hypoid generating machine of the present invention; Comprise lathe bed 1, column 2, workpiece box 3; Horizontal sliding table 9, toolbox 6, said column 2 is sat and is contained on the said lathe bed 1; On said column 2, be provided with a downward opening U-shaped groove, the width of said U-shaped groove, the degree of depth, thickness direction are defined as Y axle, Z axle, the X-direction of space Descartes's rectangular coordinate system successively;
It is parallel with said X-direction and can be around the rotating first linear drives axle 16 of self axis in said U-shaped groove, to be provided with axis; On the said first linear drives axle 16, the first gyroaxis casing 19 is installed, the said first linear drives axle 16 drives the said first gyroaxis casing 19 along said X-direction moving linearly; In the groove of said U-lag, be provided with two said first guiding rails 15 that axis direction is parallel with X-direction, first gathering sill that the said first gyroaxis casing 19 is provided with through its bottom surface contact realization along the location of the support of Z-direction and Y direction and the guiding of the said X-direction moving linearly in the said first gyroaxis casing, 19 edges is provided with said first guiding rail, 15 couplings; Be provided with slew gear in the said first gyroaxis casing 19, said slew gear drives first gyroaxis of being located in the said first gyroaxis casing 19 17 and rotates, and is provided with Worm and worm-wheel gearing in the said slew gear; One end of said first gyroaxis 17 is provided with said workpiece box 3; Said workpiece box 3 is provided with the work spindle of the axis normal of an axis and said first gyroaxis 17; One end of said work spindle is provided with the Workpiece carrier platform 4 that workpiece to be machined is installed, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of work spindle in being located at workpiece box 3;
It is parallel with said Y direction and can be around the rotating second linear drives axle 11 of self axis on said column 2, to be provided with axis; Said horizontal sliding table 9 is installed on the said second linear drives axle 11, and the said second linear drives axle 11 drives said horizontal sliding table 9 along said Y direction moving linearly; On said column 2, be provided with axis direction second guiding rail 10 parallel with said Y direction, the gathering sill that said horizontal sliding table 9 is provided with through an one of which side contacts with said second guiding rail, 10 couplings to be realized locating and provide the guiding of said horizontal sliding table along said Y direction moving linearly along the support of Z-direction;
It is parallel with said Z-direction and can be around rotating the 3rd linear drives axle 8 of self axis on said horizontal sliding table 9, to be provided with axis; Said toolbox 6 is installed on said the 3rd linear drives axle 8, and said the 3rd linear drives axle 8 drives said toolbox 6 along said Z-direction moving linearly; On said horizontal sliding table 9, be provided with axis direction three guiding rail 7 parallel with said Z-direction, the gathering sill that said toolbox 6 is provided with through one of which side contact realization along the location of Y direction and the guiding of the said Z-direction moving linearly in said toolbox edge is provided with said the 3rd guiding rail 7 couplings; Said toolbox 6 is provided with the cutter spindle 5 of the parallel axes of an axis and said the 3rd linear drives axle 8; One end of said cutter spindle 5 is provided with the base of tool of mounting cutter, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of cutter spindle in being located at toolbox 6; Between said first gyroaxis casing 19 and said workpiece box 3, be provided with static pressure supplemental support 13.
Claims (7)
1. hypoid generating machine; Comprise lathe bed, column, horizontal sliding table; Toolbox; It is characterized in that: said column is sat and is contained on the said lathe bed, on said column, is provided with a downward opening U-shaped groove, and the width of said U-shaped groove, the degree of depth, thickness direction are defined as Y axle, Z axle, the X-direction of space Descartes's rectangular coordinate system successively;
It is parallel with said X-direction and can be around the rotating first linear drives axle of self axis in said U-shaped groove, to be provided with at least one axis; On the said first linear drives axle, the first gyroaxis casing is installed, the said first linear drives axle drives the said first gyroaxis casing along said X-direction moving linearly;
It is parallel with said Y direction and can be around the rotating second linear drives axle of self axis on said column, to be provided with at least one axis; Said horizontal sliding table is installed on the said second linear drives axle, and the said second linear drives axle drives said horizontal sliding table along said Y direction moving linearly;
It is parallel with said Z-direction and can be around rotating the 3rd linear drives axle of self axis on said horizontal sliding table, to be provided with at least one axis; Said toolbox is installed on said the 3rd linear drives axle, and said the 3rd linear drives axle drives said toolbox along said Z-direction moving linearly;
Be provided with slew gear in the said first gyroaxis casing, said slew gear drives first gyroaxis of being located in the said first gyroaxis casing and rotates, and said first gyroaxis is parallel with the X axle, and an end of said first gyroaxis is provided with workpiece box; Be provided with drive unit in the said slew gear; Said drive unit is selected from a kind of in torque motor, gear drive, crank linkage driving system, the Worm and worm-wheel gearing.
2. a kind of hypoid generating machine according to claim 1; It is characterized in that: said workpiece box is provided with the work spindle of the axis normal of an axis and said first gyroaxis; One end of said work spindle is provided with the Workpiece carrier platform that workpiece to be machined is installed, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of work spindle in being located at workpiece box.
3. a kind of hypoid generating machine according to claim 2; It is characterized in that: in the groove of said U-lag, be provided with two said first guiding rails that axis direction is parallel with X-direction, first gathering sill that the said first gyroaxis casing is provided with through its bottom surface contact realization along the location of the support of Z-direction and Y direction and the guiding of the said X-direction moving linearly in said first gyroaxis casing edge is provided with said first guiding rail coupling.
4. a kind of hypoid generating machine according to claim 3; It is characterized in that: on said column, be provided with axis direction second guiding rail parallel with said Y direction, the gathering sill that said horizontal sliding table is provided with through an one of which side contacts with said second guiding rail coupling to be realized locating and provide the guiding of said horizontal sliding table along said Y direction moving linearly along the support of Z-direction.
5. a kind of hypoid generating machine according to claim 4; It is characterized in that: on said horizontal sliding table, be provided with axis direction three guiding rail parallel with said Z-direction, the gathering sill that said toolbox is provided with through one of which side contact realization along the location of Y direction and the guiding of the said Z-direction moving linearly in said toolbox edge is provided with said the 3rd guiding rail coupling.
6. a kind of hypoid generating machine according to claim 5; It is characterized in that: said toolbox is provided with the cutter spindle of the parallel axes of an axis and said the 3rd driving shaft; One end of said cutter spindle is provided with the base of tool of mounting cutter, and the other end or centre position are connected with the drive unit of cutter spindle in being located at toolbox.
7. according to any described a kind of hypoid generating machine of claim 1-6, it is characterized in that: on the said first gyroaxis casing and be provided with the static pressure supplemental support between the said workpiece box.
Priority Applications (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101593689A CN102248227B (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2011-06-14 | Machine tool for machining spiral bevel gear |
| PCT/CN2012/072110 WO2012171367A1 (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2012-03-09 | Machine tool for spiral bevel gear |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101593689A CN102248227B (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2011-06-14 | Machine tool for machining spiral bevel gear |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN102248227A CN102248227A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
| CN102248227B true CN102248227B (en) | 2012-11-21 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2011101593689A Active CN102248227B (en) | 2011-06-14 | 2011-06-14 | Machine tool for machining spiral bevel gear |
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| CN (1) | CN102248227B (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2012171367A1 (en) |
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| CN102248227B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2012-11-21 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Machine tool for machining spiral bevel gear |
| CN102672280A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2012-09-19 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | Gear cutting machine tool |
| IN2013MU04099A (en) * | 2013-12-30 | 2015-08-07 | N Kelkar Nitin | |
| CN105364190B (en) * | 2015-12-04 | 2017-11-17 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | A kind of hypoid generating machine |
| CN110248768B (en) * | 2017-02-07 | 2022-09-13 | 株式会社牧野铣床制作所 | Machine tool |
| CN107321894B (en) * | 2017-07-12 | 2023-02-28 | 第一拖拉机股份有限公司 | Multi-tooth online detection device and detection method for precision forging of straight bevel gear |
| CN107775460B (en) * | 2017-11-22 | 2023-12-15 | 浙江丰立智能科技股份有限公司 | Workpiece mounting angle alignment device of small-modulus spiral bevel gear milling cutter edge grinder |
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| CN110340450A (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2019-10-18 | 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司 | A kind of numerically controlled tooth grinding machine |
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2011
- 2011-06-14 CN CN2011101593689A patent/CN102248227B/en active Active
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2012
- 2012-03-09 WO PCT/CN2012/072110 patent/WO2012171367A1/en active Application Filing
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| WO2012171367A1 (en) | 2012-12-20 |
| CN102248227A (en) | 2011-11-23 |
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