JP2002273623A - Spiral bevel gear manufacturing device and spiral bevel gear manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spiral bevel gear manufacturing method capable of suppressing the investment in facility and shortening the working hours, and a spiral bevel gear manufacturing device capable of forming (manufacturing) the spiral bevel gear with a simple structure at a low cost, and reliably machining the spiral bevel gear in a short time. SOLUTION: A disk-like cutter 12 is fitted to a tool shaft 1, the disk-like cutter 12 is fitted to a spindle 3 with a controllable rotational angle, and the plane H of rotation of the disk-like cutter 12 is aligned to the pitch conical angle of a gear to be machined. By moving the tool shaft 1 along three axial directions, the disk-like cutter 12 with the plane H of rotation aligned to the pitch conical angle of the gear 2 is revolved to allow an imaginary crown gear to appear. The ratio of the revolving speed of the disk-like cutter 12 to the rotational speed of the gear 2 is controlled to be a predetermined value.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus and a spiral bevel gear manufacturing method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art To manufacture a spiral bevel gear, for example, a disk-shaped cutter 40 as shown in FIG. 6 is generally used. That is, this disc-shaped cutter 40 is
And the eccentric 41 is pivotally supported by a cradle (not shown). Then, by rotating the cradle about its axis, the disc-shaped cutter 40 revolves around the center of the cradle.
A virtual crown gear 44 meshing with No. 3 appears.
Further, the work gear 43 is rotatably mounted on, for example, a block body erected on a turning table, and the turning table further has a work gear 44 corresponding to the pitch cone angle of the work gear 43. And a function of setting the disc-shaped cutter 40. The disc-shaped cutter 40 has a disc body 45.
And a plurality of cutting blades 46 provided on the outer peripheral portion of the disk main body 45.

[0003] When a spiral bevel gear is manufactured using such a device, first, the disk-shaped cutter 40 is rotated around its cutter spindle 47 so that the teeth of the virtual crown gear 44 meshing with the gear 43 to be machined. Make one of the faces appear. Then, the center of the appearing virtual crown gear 44 coincides with the rotation center of the cradle. That is, by rotating the cradle, one of the tooth surfaces is rotated as the virtual crown gear 44. In this state, the cradle is rotated, and the cut gear 43 is moved to the virtual crown gear 44.
The disk-shaped cutter 40 is rotated (rotated) about its axis while being rotated so as to have a predetermined rotation ratio with respect to. By rotating in this manner, the portion where the tooth space is to be cut out this time is to be cut by the disc-shaped cutter 40 to form one tooth space. After that, after the disk-shaped cutter 40 is relatively separated from the virtual crown gear 44, the cutting gear 43 at a position advanced by one pitch of the number of teeth is determined, and the virtual crown gear 44 is again moved as described above. In a state where 44 appears, the cut gear 43 is rotated with respect to the virtual crown gear 44 so as to have a predetermined rotation ratio. Thus, the next tooth space (a tooth space advanced by one pitch) is formed. Thereafter, the above process is repeated for the required number of teeth, whereby the spiral bevel gear is completed.

[0004]

However, in the above-mentioned manufacturing method, it is necessary to make the gear to be machined move extremely complicated, and there is a disadvantage that the manufacturing apparatus becomes extremely complicated and the equipment cost becomes large. Furthermore, one manufacturing apparatus can only process (manufacture) a spiral bevel gear, and it has been difficult to integrate steps with other processing steps. Therefore, various types of processing equipment are required as a factory, which increases capital investment and increases the time required to move between processes, resulting in poor productivity.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks, and one of the objects thereof is to reduce the investment in equipment costs and shorten the processing time. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of manufacturing a gear, which can be formed (manufactured) at a low cost with a simple structure, and in which a spiral bevel gear can be reliably processed in a short time. An object of the present invention is to provide a bevel gear manufacturing device.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an apparatus for manufacturing a beveled bevel gear according to claim 1 has a disk-shaped cutter having a disk body 13 and a plurality of cutting blades 14 provided on an outer peripheral portion of the disk body 13. 12, a tool shaft 1 to which the disc-shaped cutter 12 is attached and which can move in three axial directions perpendicular to each other, and a work gear 2 which is arranged in parallel with one of the three axial directions. A bevel gear manufacturing apparatus comprising: a main shaft 3 having a controllable rotation angle mounted thereon; wherein the tool shaft 1 is swung to rotate the disc-shaped cutter 12.
By rotating the tool shaft 1 along the three axial directions by rotating the tool shaft 1 along the three-axis direction, an angle adjusting means A for adjusting the rotation plane H to the pitch cone angle of the workpiece gear 2 is rotated. The disc-shaped cutter 12 with the plane H fitted
Cutter control means S for causing the virtual crown gear 16 to appear by revolving, and a common ratio control for controlling the revolving speed of the disc-shaped cutter 12 and the rotation speed of the work gear 2 to have a predetermined common ratio. And means K are provided.

In the apparatus for manufacturing a spiral bevel gear according to the first aspect, the rotation plane H of the disk-shaped cutter 12 is adjusted by the rotation of the cutting gear 2.
In this state, the disc-shaped cutter 1
If the revolution speed of the disk-shaped cutter 12 and the rotation speed of the cut gear 2 are controlled so as to have a predetermined common ratio while the virtual crown gear 16 is caused to revolve and the virtual crown gear 16 appears, it is possible to ensure that the rolling radius is increased. Gears can be manufactured. Moreover, an apparatus including a tool shaft 1 that can move in three orthogonal directions and a main shaft 3 that is arranged parallel to one of the three axes and to which the work gear 2 is attached is versatile. In this combined NC lathe, a control section for controlling the operation of this apparatus is provided with a cutter control means S and a common ratio control means K by program setting or the like. Therefore, the spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus can be formed easily at low cost. In the formed apparatus, various processes such as turning and gear cutting can be performed by a single device, so that investment in equipment can be suppressed, and the processing time can be reduced.

In the spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus, the center axis L of the disc-shaped cutter 12 and the apex of the pitch cone of the gear 2 are shifted by a predetermined distance E, and the predetermined distance E is defined as a radius. The disk-shaped cutter 12 is revolved so that the virtual crown gear 16 appears.

In the spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus according to the second aspect, the virtual crown gear 16 can be made to appear with certainty.
Highly accurate spiral bevel gears can be manufactured.

[0010] A method for manufacturing a spiral bevel gear according to claim 3 is as follows.
In a compound NC lathe having a tool shaft 1 capable of moving in three axial directions orthogonal to each other and a main shaft 3 which is arranged in parallel with one of the three axial directions and on which a work gear 2 is mounted, After attaching the disk-shaped cutter 12 to the tool shaft 1 and adjusting the rotation plane H of the disk-shaped cutter 12 to the pitch cone angle of the work gear 2, the tool shaft 1 is moved along the three axial directions. By revolving the disc-shaped cutter 12 having the rotation plane H adjusted to the pitch cone angle of the cut gear 2, the virtual crown gear 16 appears, and the revolving speed of the disc-shaped cutter 12, It is characterized in that the rotation of the gear 2 is controlled so as to have a predetermined common ratio, and the gear 2 is cut.

In the method for manufacturing a spiral bevel gear according to the third aspect, the spiral bevel gear can be easily manufactured at low cost by using a composite NC lathe. In addition, since the composite NC lathe is excellent in versatility, various processing such as turning and gear cutting can be performed with this single equipment (apparatus), thereby suppressing investment of equipment and processing time. , Work in process and leads can be shortened.

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a specific embodiment of a spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a compound NC lathe, which is a general-purpose compound machine tool, is used as a gear cutting device.

FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view of the entire spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus.
It comprises a tool shaft 1 that can move in three axial directions orthogonal to each other, and a main shaft 3 that is arranged parallel to one of the three axial directions and has a rotation angle control to which a work gear 2 is attached. The tool shaft 1 is provided on a turret head 4 which constitutes an angle adjusting means A described later, and the turret head 4 is attached to a tool post 5.

The tool rest 5 is arranged on a base 6, and is movable on the base 6 along a guide rail G in the Z-axis direction.
An axle 7, an X-axis 8 that can move on the Z-axis 7 along the guide rail G in the X-axis direction, and a side of the X-axis 8 that can move along the guide rail G in the Y-axis direction. And a Y-axis stand 8. That is, the turret head 4 moves in the Z-axis direction when the Z-axis stand 7 moves in the Z-axis direction,
Moves in the X-axis direction by moving in the X-axis direction,
The Y-axis base 9 moves in the Y-axis direction by moving in the Y-axis direction. Incidentally, the X axis, the Y axis, and the Z axis are orthogonal to each other, and therefore, the tool axis 1 supported by the turret head 4 is oriented in three mutually orthogonal (X, Y, and Z axes) directions. Can be moved. Each of the X-axis table, the Y-axis table, and the Z-axis table reciprocates along respective axes by driving means such as a servo motor (not shown).

The turret head 4 includes a holder machine frame 10 attached to the Y-axis stand 9 and a swing portion 11 pivotally attached to the holder machine frame so that the tool shaft 1 swings. The moving part 11 is supported so as to be freely rotatable (rotatable) around its axis B. The tool shaft 1 is disposed in parallel with a plane including the Y axis and the Z axis.
2 is attached. Therefore, the tool shaft 1 supported by the oscillating portion 11, that is, the disk-shaped cutter 12 oscillates around the axis B when the oscillating portion 11 oscillates. Here, the disc-shaped cutter 12 is a cutter having a disc main body 13 and a plurality of cutting blades 14 provided on an outer peripheral portion of the disc main body 13. The cutting edge 14 has a sectional shape shown in FIG. And a substantially trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG.
The cutting edge protrudes toward the surface of the disk body 13. The tool shaft 1 is driven to rotate by a drive motor (not shown).

A work table 15 is provided on the side of the base 6, and the work table 15 has one of the three axes (Z
The main shaft 3 is arranged parallel to the (axis) direction. Then, the cut gear 2 is detachably attached to the tip of the main shaft 3 via the chuck C. Here, the work gear 2 is a work that is cut by the disc-shaped cutter 12 to be a spiral bevel gear, and has a substantially truncated cone shape. The main shaft 3 is driven to rotate by a driving motor (not shown).

By the way, the angle adjusting means A constituted by the turret head 4 swings the tool shaft 1 so that the rotation plane H of the disc-shaped cutter 12 is moved to the work gear 2 as shown in FIG. In accordance with the pitch cone angle. To match in this case, the tooth gap 18 of the gear 2 to be machined (see FIG. 4)
The bottom of the groove. The angle adjusting means A can of course change the angle of the rotation plane H of the disc-shaped cutter 12 according to the pitch cone angles of the various gears 2 to be machined. For the swing by the angle adjusting means A, a known swing mechanism used for a turning table or the like of a general machine tool is used, and the tool shaft 1 can be fixed at an arbitrary angle. .

In addition, as shown in FIG.
The control unit 17 includes a cutter control unit S and a common ratio control unit K.
Is provided. That is, the rotation plane H of the disc-shaped cutter 12 is adjusted to the pitch cone angle of the gear 2 to be cut by the angle adjusting means A, and in this state, as shown in FIG. Apex O of pitch cone of milling gear 2
Is shifted by a predetermined distance E, and the cutter control means S controls each servomotor of the tool post 5 to move the tool post 5 to revolve the disk-shaped cutter 12 with the predetermined distance E as a radius. Things. Thereby, the virtual crown gear 16 shown in FIG. 5 appears.

The common ratio control means K includes the disc-shaped cutter 12
And the rotation speed of the gear 2 to be cut are controlled so as to have a predetermined common ratio. That is, this common ratio is controlled by controlling the number of revolutions of the disk-shaped cutter 12 and the number of revolutions of the gear 2 to be cut. The rotation is set at a predetermined rotation speed.

Next, a method of manufacturing a spiral bevel gear using the above spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus will be described. First, the disk-shaped cutter 12 is mounted on the tool shaft 1, and the work gear 2 serving as a spiral bevel gear is mounted on the main shaft 3.
Then, the tool shaft 1 is swung by the angle adjusting means A,
The rotation plane H of the disc-shaped cutter 12 is adjusted to the pitch cone angle of the gear 2 to be cut, and the cutter control means S controls the tool post 5
To move the center axis L of the disc-shaped cutter 12 and the gear 2 to be machined.
Is shifted from the vertex O of the pitch cone by a predetermined distance E. That is, the disk-shaped cutter 12 and the cut gear 2 from which the plurality of tooth grooves 18 (see FIG. 4) are to be cut out one by one are formed by cutting the cut-to-be-cut portion of the cut gear 2 to be cut this time. Motion locus of the cutting edge 14 (virtual crown gear 1
6) relatively close to each other to form an initial state; In this state, the disc-shaped cutter 12 is rotated (rotated) around its center axis L, and the disc-shaped cutter 12 is revolved around the vertex O of the pitch cone by the cutter control means S. Thereby, the virtual crown gear 16 as shown in FIG. 5 appears. At this time, the revolving speed of the disc-shaped cutter 12 and the rotation speed of the machined gear 2 are set to have a predetermined common ratio by the common ratio control means K.

Thus, as shown in FIGS. 4 (a) to 4 (c), the portion to be cut out from which the tooth space 18 is to be cut out this time is cut by the disc-shaped cutter 12. After the formation of the single tooth groove 18, the disc-shaped cutter 12 and the work gear 2 are relatively separated from each other, and the work gear 2 is rotated one pitch of the number of teeth by the rotation angle control function of the main shaft 3. The initial state is returned as a state advanced by minutes. After that, the disk-shaped cutter 12 is similarly moved so that the virtual crown gear 16 appears.
Is rotated and revolved, the revolving speed of the disc-shaped cutter 12 and the rotation speed of the gear 2 are controlled at a predetermined common ratio, thereby forming a tooth space 18 advanced by one pitch. Then, the same process is repeated for the required number of teeth to complete the spiral bevel gear.

As described above, according to this embodiment, the bevel gear cutting can be reliably performed at low cost by using a versatile composite NC lathe. Therefore, it is possible to consolidate the beveled bevel gear cutting process and other processing steps (for example, turning and gear cutting), thereby reducing capital investment, reducing the processing time, and reducing the inter-process movement time. In addition, the manufacturing cost can be reduced. This reduction in manufacturing cost is particularly effective in the case of high-mix low-volume production.

Further, by changing the angle of the plane H of rotation of the disk-shaped cutter 12, the radius of revolution, and the like, it is possible to cut various types of spiral bevel gears. Spiral bevel gears can be manufactured. As a result, a manufacturing plant does not require a plurality of types of devices for manufacturing a plurality of types of spiral bevel gears, which further contributes to curbing capital investment.

Although a specific embodiment of the method for manufacturing a spiral bevel gear according to the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and various modifications can be made within the scope of the present invention. For example, the processing of a hypoid gear is also possible.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a simplified perspective view showing an embodiment of a spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a simplified block diagram of a control unit of the spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a main part of the spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus.

FIG. 4 is a simplified explanatory view showing an embodiment of a method for manufacturing a spiral bevel gear according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a simplified view of a virtual crown gear appearing in the above-mentioned spiral bevel gear manufacturing method.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a main part of a conventional spiral bevel gear manufacturing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 tool shaft 2 machined gear 3 main shaft 12 disk-shaped cutter 13 disk body 14 cutting blade 16 virtual crown gear A angle adjusting means E predetermined distance H rotation plane K common ratio control means L center axis O vertex S control means

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A disk body (13) and a disk body (1).
Disc-shaped cutter (12) having a plurality of cutting blades (14) provided on the outer peripheral portion of 3), and disc-shaped cutter (12)
Is mounted, and a tool axis (1) that can move in three orthogonal directions orthogonal to each other, and a rotation angle that is arranged parallel to one of the three axial directions and to which the work gear (2) is mounted. A beveled bevel gear manufacturing device comprising a controllable main shaft (3), wherein the tool shaft (1) is swung to rotate the disc-shaped cutter (1).
The angle adjusting means (A) for adjusting the rotation plane (H) of (2) to the pitch cone angle of the machined gear (2), and the tool axis (1) is moved along the three axial directions, thereby obtaining Cutter control means (S) for revolving the disk-shaped cutter (12), whose rotational plane (H) is matched to the pitch cone angle of the gear to be machined (2), to make a virtual crown gear (16) appear; And a common-ratio control means (K) for controlling the revolving speed of the toroidal cutter (12) and the rotation speed of the to-be-cut gear (2) to have a predetermined common ratio. Gear manufacturing equipment. 2. The center axis (L) of the disc-shaped cutter (12) and the apex (O) of the pitch cone of the work gear (2) are shifted by a predetermined distance (E), and the predetermined distance (E) is shifted. 2. The virtual crown gear (16) is revolved around the disc-shaped cutter (12) as a radius.
Rolled bevel gear manufacturing equipment. 3. A tool shaft (1) capable of moving in three axial directions orthogonal to each other, and a main shaft (1) disposed parallel to one of the three axial directions and having a work gear (2) attached thereto. 3)
In a composite NC lathe having: a disk-shaped cutter (12) attached to the tool shaft (1);
After adjusting the rotation plane of the disc-shaped cutter (12) to the pitch cone angle of the gear (2), the tool shaft (1) is moved along the three axial directions to thereby produce the gear to be machined. The revolving speed of the disc-shaped cutter (12) is changed while revolving the disc-shaped cutter (12) whose rotation plane (H) is adjusted to the pitch cone angle of (2) to make the virtual crown gear (16) appear. A method of manufacturing a spiral bevel gear, wherein the rotational speed of the gear to be cut (2) is controlled to have a predetermined common ratio, and the gear to be cut (2) is cut.