WO2022036797A1

WO2022036797A1 - Numerical control machine tool

Info

Publication number: WO2022036797A1
Application number: PCT/CN2020/115940
Authority: WO
Inventors: 张春晖; 邹文毅; 刘毅; 史伟; 李长顺; 尚吉顺; 陈闹
Original assignee: 湖南中大创远数控装备有限公司
Priority date: 2020-08-17
Filing date: 2020-09-17
Publication date: 2022-02-24

Abstract

A numerical control machine tool, comprising: a machine tool body (100), the machine tool body (100) being provided with a groove; an upright column (200) suspended above the groove, the upright column (200) being provided with an X axis drive shaft (201); a rotary box (700) provided with a rotary shaft parallel to a Y axis; a workpiece box body (300) mounted on the rotary shaft; a sliding table (500) mounted on the X axis drive shaft (201), the sliding table (500) being provided with a vertical Z axis drive shaft (501); and a cutter box body (400) mounted on the Z axis drive shaft (501). The numerical control machine tool using the described structure can enable, by means of the provision of a recess opening (101), the workpiece box body (300) to move close to the machine tool body (100), such that a traditional machining point located at an inner side is moved to an outer side of the workpiece (i.e. the end of the workpiece away from the machine tool body), thereby reducing the length of the rotary shaft, and improving the stability of the workpiece box body (300). Furthermore, as the distance between the workpiece box body (300) and the rotary box (700) is reduced, a hydrostatic bearing in the traditional structure can be omitted, and a mounting position of an optical grating detection device is reserved, thereby improving the precision of control and improving the processing quality.

Description

A CNC machine tool

technical field

The invention relates to a machining equipment, in particular to a numerically controlled machine tool.

Background technique

Spiral bevel gears need to be milled and ground by CNC machine tools, such as the structure disclosed by a spiral bevel gear machining machine tool disclosed in the Chinese invention patent with the application number of CN201120199943.3 owned by the applicant, wherein the tool and the workpiece are When it is installed on the machine tool, it is distributed up and down, and the workpiece is located under the tool. Referring to Figure 11 and Figure 12, when cutting the left-handed gear, the first rotary shaft box 1 controls the workpiece box 2 to rotate counterclockwise to a negative angle, and the tool The tooth cutting position of the disc 3 is located on the outer side of the cutter disc 3, that is, close to the worktable part, and the X and Y axes need to move in the positive direction to the cutting tooth position. Referring to Figures 13 and 14, when cutting the teeth of the right-handed gear, the first rotary shaft box body 1 controls the workpiece box 2 to rotate clockwise to a positive angle, and the cutting position of the cutter head 3 is located outside the cutter head 3, that is, close to the work For the table part, the X axis needs to move in the negative direction, and the Y axis needs to move in the positive direction to the cutting position. This structural arrangement and processing based on this structure have a large distance between the workpiece box 2 and the machine bed, and the transmission stability is poor, and the structural strength of the machine tool is required to be high. And in order to ensure the rotation stability of the workpiece box 2, a hydrostatic bearing needs to be installed in the first rotary shaft box body 1 corresponding to the end of the first rotary shaft close to the workpiece box 2, and the grating detection used to detect the rotation angle of the first rotary shaft The device can only be installed at the end of the first rotary shaft away from the workpiece box 2. Since the corresponding drive generally also acts on the end of the first rotary shaft away from the workpiece box 2, there is a deviation between the grating detection result and the actual rotation angle of the workpiece box 2. affect the processing quality.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a numerically controlled machine tool, which can move the machining point from the end of the workpiece close to the bed to the end of the workpiece away from the bed, thereby improving the transmission stability.

A numerically controlled machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention includes:

a bed, the bed is provided with a groove along the horizontal Y-axis direction and a Y-axis drive shaft is arranged in the groove;

a vertical column is erected above the groove, a horizontal X-axis drive shaft is arranged on the vertical column, and an opening is concavely formed along the Y-axis direction between the vertical column and one end of the groove;

The rotary box is installed on the Y-axis drive shaft, and is provided with a rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft is parallel to the Y-axis;

The workpiece box is installed at one end of the rotary shaft close to the opening, and the workpiece box can be fully or partially accommodated in the opening, and the workpiece box is provided with a workpiece perpendicular to the Y-axis main shaft;

A sliding table is installed on the X-axis drive shaft, and the sliding table is provided with a vertical Z-axis driving shaft on the side surface close to the workpiece box;

The tool box is mounted on the Z-axis drive shaft, and a tool spindle is arranged in the tool box, and the tool spindle is parallel to the Z-axis.

According to the embodiment of the present invention, it has at least the following technical effects:

The CNC machine tool with the above structure can move the workpiece box close to the bed through the setting of the opening, so that the traditional machining point located outside the cutter head can be moved to the inner side of the cutter head, thereby reducing the length of the rotary shaft , improve the stability of the workpiece box. And because the distance between the workpiece box and the rotary box is reduced, the static pressure bearing in the traditional structure can be cancelled, and the installation position of the grating detection device can be reserved, thereby improving the control accuracy and processing quality.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, an end of the rotary box close to the workpiece box body is provided with a grating detection device corresponding to the rotary shaft, and the grating detection device is used to detect the rotation angle of the rotary shaft.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, Y-axis guide rails are provided on the bed on both sides of the groove corresponding to the area of the bottom of the rotary box and the area of the column corresponding to the top of the rotary box. The rotary box is slidably mounted on the Y-axis guide rail and driven by the Y-axis drive shaft.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, a plurality of X-axis guide rails are disposed on the column, at least one of the X-axis guide rails is distributed on the horizontal plane of the column, and at least one of the X-axis guide rails is distributed on the vertical surface of the column. The sliding table is slidably mounted on the X-axis guide rail and driven by the X-axis drive shaft.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the CNC machine tool is used for gear milling, and is provided with a chip conveyor, and the chip conveyor is movably disposed under the workpiece box.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the bottom of the chip conveyor is provided with rollers.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the CNC machine tool is used for gear grinding, and an oil tank is provided below the workpiece box.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the CNC machine tool is further provided with a grinding wheel dresser, and the grinding wheel dresser is provided on the workpiece box or on the upright column.

According to some embodiments of the present invention, the X-axis drive shaft, the Y-axis drive shaft, and the Z-axis drive shaft adopt a linear motor, a torque motor, a motor screw drive mechanism, an oil cylinder drive mechanism, a gear drive mechanism, a crank One of the connecting rod transmission mechanism and the worm gear transmission mechanism is used for driving.

Additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will be set forth, in part, from the following description, and in part will be apparent from the following description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.

Description of drawings

The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of embodiments taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, wherein:

Fig. 1 is the first structural representation of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the second structure schematic diagram of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a kind of distribution schematic diagram of X-axis guide rail;

Fig. 4 is a kind of distribution schematic diagram of Y-axis guide rail;

Fig. 5 is the first kind of setting schematic diagram of grinding wheel dresser;

Fig. 6 is the second arrangement schematic diagram of grinding wheel dresser;

Fig. 7 and Fig. 8 are a kind of schematic diagram when the present invention carries out left-handed gear processing;

Fig. 9 and Fig. 10 are a kind of schematic diagram when the present invention performs right-handed gear processing;

Fig. 11 and Fig. 12 are a kind of schematic diagram when the conventional structure performs left-handed gear processing;

Figures 13 and 14 are a schematic diagram of the conventional structure when the right-handed gear is processed.

detailed description

The following describes in detail the embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary, only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper", "lower", "front", " Rear, Left, Right, Vertical, Horizontal, Top, Bottom, Inner, Outer, Axial, Radial, Circumferential The orientation or positional relationship indicated by etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, with a specific orientation. The orientation configuration and operation are therefore not to be construed as limitations of the present invention. Furthermore, features delimited with "first", "second" may expressly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, "plurality" means two or more.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "installed", "connected" and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, for example, it may be a fixed connection or a detachable connection Connection, or integral connection; may be mechanical connection or electrical connection; may be direct connection or indirect connection through an intermediate medium, and may be internal communication between two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific situations.

1 to 6, the present invention proposes a CNC machine tool, including:

The bed 100, the bed 100 is provided with a groove along the horizontal Y-axis direction and a Y-axis drive shaft 103 is arranged in the groove;

The upright column 200 is erected above the groove, and a horizontal X-axis drive shaft 201 is arranged on the upright column 200, and a space-saving opening 101 is formed concavely along the Y-axis direction between the upright column 200 and one end of the groove;

The rotary box 700 is installed on the Y-axis drive shaft 103, and is provided with a rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft is parallel to the Y-axis;

The workpiece box 300 is installed at one end of the rotary shaft close to the opening 101, and the workpiece box 300 can be fully or partially accommodated in the opening 101, and the workpiece box 300 is provided with a workpiece spindle perpendicular to the Y-axis;

The slide table 500 is installed on the X-axis drive shaft 201, and the slide table 500 is provided with a vertical Z-axis drive shaft 501 on the side of the slide table 500 close to the workpiece box 300;

The tool box 400 is mounted on the Z-axis drive shaft 501, and a tool spindle is arranged in the tool box 400, and the tool spindle is parallel to the Z-axis.

The CNC machine tool with the above structure can move the workpiece box 300 close to the bed 100 through the setting of the opening 101. Referring to FIG. 7 and FIG. 8 , when the CNC machine tool with the above structure is used for left-handed gear tooth cutting processing, it is possible to control the Turn the rotary axis clockwise to the positive direction. The cutting position of the cutter head is located inside the cutter head, that is, away from the worktable. The X and Y axes need to move in the negative direction to the cutting position. Referring to Figure 9 and Figure 10, when performing right-handed gear cutting processing, the rotary axis is turned counterclockwise to a negative angle, and the cutting position of the cutter head is located inside the cutter head, that is, away from the worktable, and the X-axis needs to move in the positive direction to To cut the tooth position, the Y axis needs to move in the negative direction to the tooth cutting position. Therefore, the CNC machine tool claimed in the present invention can move the traditional machining point located on the outer side of the cutter head to the inner side of the cutter head, which can reduce the length of the rotary axis (that is, the adjustment length of the Y axis) compared with the traditional structure, and improve Stability of the workpiece box 300 . And because the distance between the workpiece box 300 and the rotary box 700 is reduced, the static pressure bearing in the traditional structure can be canceled, and the installation position of the grating detection device can be reserved, thereby improving the control accuracy and processing. quality.

In some embodiments of the present invention, one end of the rotary box 700 close to the workpiece box 300 is provided with a grating detection device corresponding to the rotary axis, and the grating detection device is used to detect the rotation angle of the rotary axis. It can be seen from the foregoing analysis that the position of the rotary box 700 of the numerical control machine tool in the present invention close to the workpiece box 300 may not be provided with a hydrostatic bearing, so it can be used to install a grating detection device, thereby improving the control accuracy of the rotary axis, thereby improving the processing quality. . The grating detection device can be set with reference to the related prior art, which will not be described too much here.

Referring to FIG. 4 , in some embodiments of the present invention, Y-axis guide rails 102 are provided on the bed 100 on both sides of the groove corresponding to the lower end surface of the rotary box 700 , and the area of the column 200 corresponding to the top of the rotary box 700 is also A Y-axis guide rail 102 is provided, and the rotary box 700 is slidably mounted on the Y-axis guide rail 102 and driven by the Y-axis drive shaft 103 . In a spiral bevel gear processing machine tool disclosed by the Chinese invention patent with the application number of CN201120199943.3, the first rotary shaft box is equivalent to the rotary box 700 in the present invention, but the first rotary shaft box and the machine bed are separated from each other. The movement control is realized through the slide rail structure at the bottom and the corresponding drive. The distance between the first rotary shaft and the slide rail structure is large, and the stability is poor when the corresponding movement adjustment and rotation adjustment are performed during the working process. For the sliding rail structure and the corresponding driving force, it will affect the smoothness of adjustment. In this embodiment, the distance between the Y-axis guide rail 102 and the rotating shaft is greatly reduced compared with the structure disclosed in this patent, which is beneficial to the stability of the structure and transmission. In addition, the Y-axis guide rails 102 are distributed on the circumference of the rotary box 700 in a triangular distribution form. The Y-axis guide rails 102 on both sides can support the rotary box 700 , and the top Y-axis guide rails 102 can be hoisted, with strong structural stability.

3, in some embodiments of the present invention, an X-axis guide rail 202 is provided on the upper end surface of the column 200, an X-axis guide rail 202 is provided on the side wall of the column 200 close to the tool box 400, and the slide table 500 is slidably installed on the two X-axis guide rails 202 and driven by the X-axis drive shaft 201 . In this embodiment, the slide table 500 is installed by the X-axis guide rails 202 in the form of right-angle distribution. The X-axis guide rails 202 on the horizontal plane can carry the weight of the slide table 500 , which has high structural stability and is beneficial to improve assembly efficiency. It can be understood that, in actual settings, a larger number of X-axis guide rails 202 may also be provided.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the CNC machine tool is used for milling teeth, so the CNC machine tool further includes a chip conveyor 600 , and the chip conveyor 600 is movably disposed below the workpiece box 300 . Specifically, when used for gear milling, the tool spindle is used to install the cutter head and the gear milling cutter, and the chip conveyor 600 is used to collect waste chips during the milling process. A roller can be provided at the bottom of the chip conveyor 600 to realize the movement. The setting of the chip conveyor 600 in this embodiment is convenient for removal and cleaning. Compared with the traditional structure, the area required to be occupied during the working process is smaller, and the practicability is strong.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the CNC machine tool is used for gear grinding, so the CNC machine tool is further provided with a grinding wheel dresser 301 and an oil tank 303, and the oil tank 303 is arranged in the lower area of the workpiece box 300 for collecting the grinding teeth The grinding fluid in the process, and the oil pump 302 can be set at the same time to realize the grinding fluid circulation. The grinding wheel dresser 301 may be installed on the workpiece box 300 or on the upright column 200 . When grinding gears, the tool spindle is used to mount the grinding wheel.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the X-axis drive shaft 201 , the Y-axis drive shaft 103 and the Z-axis drive shaft 501 use linear motors, torque motors, motor screw drive mechanisms, oil cylinder drive mechanisms, gear transmission mechanisms, crank connecting rods One of the transmission mechanism and the worm gear transmission mechanism is used for driving, and such structures belong to the well-known technology, so they will not be described in detail here.

In the description of this specification, reference to the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "exemplary embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples", etc., is meant to incorporate the embodiments A particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described by an example or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, The scope of the invention is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

A CNC machine tool, characterized in that it includes:

a bed, the bed is provided with a groove along the horizontal Y-axis direction and a Y-axis drive shaft is arranged in the groove;

a vertical column is erected above the groove, a horizontal X-axis drive shaft is arranged on the vertical column, and an opening is concavely formed along the Y-axis direction between the vertical column and one end of the groove;

The rotary box is installed on the Y-axis drive shaft, and is provided with a rotary shaft, and the rotary shaft is parallel to the Y-axis;

The workpiece box is installed at one end of the rotary shaft close to the opening, and the workpiece box can be fully or partially accommodated in the opening, and the workpiece box is provided with a workpiece perpendicular to the Y-axis main shaft;

A sliding table is installed on the X-axis drive shaft, and the sliding table is provided with a vertical Z-axis driving shaft on the side surface close to the workpiece box;

The tool box is mounted on the Z-axis drive shaft, and a tool spindle is arranged in the tool box, and the tool spindle is parallel to the Z-axis.
The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein a grating detection device is provided at one end of the rotary box close to the workpiece box body corresponding to the rotary shaft, and the grating detection device is used to detect the rotation speed of the rotary shaft. Rotation angle.
The CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the area of the bed on both sides of the groove corresponding to the bottom of the rotary box and the area of the column corresponding to the top of the rotary box are provided with A Y-axis guide rail, the rotary box is slidably mounted on the Y-axis guide rail and driven by the Y-axis drive shaft.
The CNC machine tool according to claim 1, wherein: the column is provided with a plurality of X-axis guide rails, at least one of the X-axis guide rails is distributed on the horizontal plane of the column, and at least one of the X-axis guide rails is distributed on the horizontal plane of the column. On the vertical surface of the column, the sliding table is slidably mounted on the X-axis guide rail and driven by the X-axis drive shaft.
The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the numerical control machine tool is used for milling teeth, and is provided with a chip conveyor, and the chip conveyor is movably disposed below the workpiece box.
The numerical control machine tool according to claim 5, wherein the bottom of the chip conveyor is provided with a roller.
The numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the numerical control machine tool is used for gear grinding, and an oil tank is provided under the workpiece box.
The numerical control machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that: the numerical control machine tool is further provided with a grinding wheel dresser, and the grinding wheel dresser is arranged on the workpiece box or on the upright column.
The CNC machine tool according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the X-axis drive shaft, the Y-axis drive shaft and the Z-axis drive shaft are driven by linear motors, torque motors, and motor screw drives It is driven by one of the mechanism, the oil cylinder driving mechanism, the gear transmission mechanism, the crank connecting rod transmission mechanism and the worm gear transmission mechanism.